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All types of facade materials. Cladding the facade of a house: choosing which material is better. Vinyl facade - use of polymer materials

High-quality cladding materials can decorate the facade of any building and, with their appearance, make the house presentable and exclusive. Often the opinion about a house is based on the appearance of its facade, but in fact the facing part is very important for another reason. The material must serve as reliable protection for the structure from negative external influences.

Correctly selected protective and decorative cladding for a home will for a long time decorate the building and protect it from external destruction. What modern materials does the construction market offer today, what should you pay attention to, and what is the price of façade cladding for a house?

Selection of façade cladding

There is a wide range of facing materials for finishing the facades of buildings, but their choice must be taken responsibly, since each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is also worth considering that any of the materials requires a certain preparatory work from the front of the house.

Each type of cladding has its own characteristics and this can affect the appearance of the house, since the material is ideal for one structure, but will be completely inappropriate for another. When choosing a cladding, it is imperative to take into account the main characteristics of the material:

water absorption from the surface layer;
increased heat and sound insulation;
further repairs;
structural strength;
external compliance with the façade structure and attractiveness.

Cladding materials for house facades, their types and main criteria

By using modern technologies and materials, you can create interesting design solutions and significantly improve the basic operational properties of the building. Need to consider the most popular types of facade cladding, which can be purchased at hardware stores.

Numerous types of facade cladding must have two main functions - decorativeness and protection of the structure. A beautiful facade always attracts attention, but, in addition, it must serve as reliable protection from moisture and frost, noise and UV radiation.

The main criteria include environmental safety, affordable price, easy installation and easy care. If the selected material meets the listed criteria, then most likely the choice will be correct.

Facade clinker tiles

It is a simple and reliable material that is used for brick. The basis for its production is shale clay, which is obtained by firing at high temperatures. The natural color of clay is yellow-brown, but during firing and during the production process the material acquires different colors and shades. Material looks like brick perfect shape. Among the advantages:

frost resistance and seismic resistance;
high strength and durability;
temperature stability;
suitable for creating ventilated facades;
variety of textures and color range;
environmental friendliness;
ease of installation and maintenance.

Clinker tiles also have their disadvantages - since they are made of clay, they are a fragile material and are susceptible to impacts. An important disadvantage is high price of tiles, it is justified by complex production technology.

Natural and artificial stone

They belong to the category of expensive and durable cladding. It also has its advantages and disadvantages; such material requires special attention when choosing, since it is influenced by climatic conditions, and you also need to take into account that the material carries a certain load on the foundation of the house. For example, no one uses limestone in harsh climatic conditions, and marble reacts poorly to high humidity. All natural stones tend to become dirty quickly. The most popular are granite, limestone and marble.

Artificial stones are much more convenient and practical, they are easier to use and install, and are lighter in weight. For its production, sand, cement and many natural fillers are used, as well as color pigments. A large assortment of colors and shapes of artificial stone is currently offered to consumers at a fairly reasonable price. Compared to natural stone, artificial stone is not as durable, but still can last a long time and maintain its original appearance, for which it is valued. Houses lined with artificial stone look beautiful and quite prestigious.

Artificial stone for exterior cladding of a house

Fake diamond

Brick

People have long been using this material as a cladding material. It performs many functions, so often used for facade cladding. Among the advantages:

Brick has its drawbacks to be used as cladding it is necessary to strengthen the foundation and waterproof the basement. The material is labor-intensive and time-consuming; another disadvantage is the low thermal insulation coefficient.

Ceramic tile

Since ancient times, it has been used in cladding floors and walls, since it has a number of advantages:

high resistance to moisture and temperature changes;
has aesthetic qualities;
allows you to create a beautiful and unique design in the hands of skilled craftsmen.

The disadvantages include additional costs for other materials, which are needed for its installation, so the final cost will be high.

Siding

The cladding method is very popular today, since the material is characterized by its low price and good quality. There are several types of siding:

vinyl;
metal;
basement;
wood.

In addition to its low price, siding has gained wide popularity due to its ease of installation; the panels can be installed even by non-professionals, and they are also easy to maintain. The panels are washed with a stream of water or a damp sponge. Among the disadvantages are they are afraid of mechanical damage, a small range of colors, low fire safety and frost resistance.

Facade plaster and painting

This type of cladding does not create a load on the foundation and walls of the house. Using such material you can easily create any texture and pattern on the surface of the facade. It ventilates the walls well and does not accumulate moisture. Today there are many types - acrylic, mineral, silicate and silicone. Each of them has its positive and negative sides. Decorative plaster is an expensive facing material; its price is almost the same as natural stone.

The article does not describe all materials for cladding the facade; there are also other options for finishing the walls of a house outside. Natural and artificial species claddings are successfully used in decorative design houses. Everyone must decide for themselves which material to choose, taking into account at least two nuances when choosing - the technical part and the cost of cladding.

The decoration of a private house is just as important as the interior, since it is its “face”, reflecting the tastes of the owners and making the first impression of them. In addition to performing a decorative function, the finishing of the facade has a practical significance - it insulates, protects the supporting structure from atmospheric influences and temperature changes. Modern types of finishing of facades of private houses, photos of which can be found in this article, are varied and have their own advantages and disadvantages.

Types of materials for finishing the facades of private houses

The choice of a certain type of finishing materials for the facade depends on several factors:

stylistic orientation of the design of the building facade;
climatic features of the area;
financial capabilities of the homeowner.

For cladding the external walls of a building, the following are most often used: artificial and natural stone, plaster, brick, metal or vinyl siding, porcelain stoneware, plastic panels.

Facade panels

Panels for facade finishing are a fairly popular type of material. This is a ventilated facade in the form of panels measuring 0.5-1 sq m. Facade panels come in several types:

PVC panels - produced with imitation brick or stone. The advantages are affordable price, variety of colors, light weight, durability, installation is easy. PVC panels are mounted on a sheathing made of profiles or bars;
fiber cement - have a fairly high price, but it is justified by the advantages of the panels, including resistance to low temperatures, which allows this material to be used in areas with harsh conditions, as well as light weight, durability, and a variety of textures. The panels are attached to a metal frame;
made of foam plastic - have reinforced layer made of plaster, do not require installation of a frame. The disadvantage of foam panels is that they cannot be mounted on the walls of wooden houses, as this can cause condensation and rotting of the wood;
metal - made of metal with polymer coating Various colors, durable, fireproof. But they are suitable mainly for finishing the facades of non-residential buildings, since they do not retain heat well in winter and heat up in summer;
wooden - made of pressed wood treated with special impregnation. They retain heat well and are easy to install, but such panels belong to the class of highly flammable materials;
glass - panels made of impact-resistant glass with good sound and heat insulation, but expensive as a material and to install.

PVC

Fiber cement

Glass

From foam plastic

Metal

Wooden

Sandwich panels

This is a finish made from two metal sheets joined together, between which an insulation up to 70 mm thick and a vapor barrier layer are placed, which gives the material good thermal insulation properties. Due to their light weight, installation is not particularly difficult. In addition, the facade made of sandwich panels is durable, resistant to moisture, and fire resistant. If the outer part of the panel is deformed, it can be easily restored without replacing a large area of the facade.

Despite all the visible advantages, finishing from sandwich panels cannot be called cheap. Installation of this finish can be done both on the frame and directly on the walls of the house. If installation is poor in cold weather, the space between the joints may freeze, which leads to a violation of the thermal insulation properties. When finishing the facade without violating the installation technology, such problems do not arise. Due to their properties combined with an aesthetic appearance, sandwich panels have become widespread as a finishing material.

Decorative plaster

Finishing with plaster is not only decorative, but also a protective coating for the walls of the house from destructive influences external factors, as well as a material that helps retain heat. Plaster is the most “breathable” of all finishing materials; it is resistant to moisture and does not crack from frost if the application technology is correct and the material is of high quality. Modern decorative plaster can be used for painting. Among the disadvantages is that applying plaster is a rather costly and energy-intensive process.

Finishing with plaster is carried out on a prepared base or using a reinforcing mesh, which will protect the plastered facade from cracking.

There are several types of decorative plaster:

mineral;
acrylic;
silicate;
silicone.

Mineral plaster is varied in its shades and is affordable. It resists the growth of microbes, is moisture resistant and is not afraid of direct sunlight. The composition of mineral plaster is suitable for application to surfaces made of any materials. The disadvantage of this type is low elasticity, due to which the plaster may crack when the house shrinks.

The second type is more elastic than the first. When using acrylic plaster, cracks do not occur when the building shrinks, and the original appearance of the finish is maintained for several years. But this material is flammable, susceptible to rapid contamination and its price is higher than that of mineral ones.

Silicate and silicone plasters are the most durable, stain-resistant and external influences, finishing materials. Their common disadvantage is their high cost, with the difference that silicone plaster requires less effort during application than silicate plaster.

Facing brick

Finishing the facade with facing bricks will be the optimal solution for those who want to give the appearance of their home solidity and rigor, but do not have the opportunity to use real brick for this. This option is inexpensive, practical and fast; moreover, facing bricks are available on the market in a wide range, so the appearance of the building can be transformed in accordance with the preferences of the owner.

It's environmentally friendly pure material with good thermal insulation properties, which looks much more aesthetically pleasing than ordinary brick. The peculiarities of finishing with facing bricks suggest limiting the masonry height to five meters, otherwise you can forget about the strength of the facade finishing.

Brick finishing is carried out on prepared, processed waterproofing material surface using flexible fastenings a certain amount per square meter. Brick finishing is not recommended wooden structures in order to improve the thermal insulation of walls, since it is difficult to achieve a tight fit of the material to the wood.

A natural stone

The use of natural stone for finishing will create a presentable and solid façade of any residential building. This expensive material requires professionalism in working with it; it will be difficult for a beginner to independently finish natural stone. The difficulty of installation lies in the heavy weight of the material, due to which it is poorly fixed to the surface. Therefore, during installation, the stone is sunk into the solution, securing it in place.

This is an environmentally friendly material, very durable and reliable, with excellent sound and heat insulation properties. If financial position does not allow you to decorate the façade of the entire house with natural stone; you can decorate its individual parts - the base, corners, openings, or combine them with decorative plaster finishing. A stone façade will provide reliable protection for your home from adverse weather conditions. external conditions for many years. The facade made of natural stone fits organically into any landscape of the area.

Fake diamond

With the help of artificial facade stone you can finish it just as solidly and elegantly as with natural materials, but at less financial cost. An artificial stone that imitates the texture of natural stone, made from gypsum or cement. Gypsum stone weighs less, so it is suitable for finishing walls with insulation, while cement-based stone is ideal for cladding hard surfaces. Unlike natural stone, installation of artificial stone is simpler and can be easily done by a non-professional.

When purchasing decorative facade stone, you should pay attention to its purpose - for interior decoration or for exterior decoration, since they differ in their strength. In addition to its weight, this finishing material differs from natural stone in its plasticity. In terms of other parameters - durability, resistance to external influences, variety of textures and shades, fake diamond is not inferior to natural.

Ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware

Porcelain tile is an artificial granite, which is characterized by such quality characteristics, such as durability, resistance to chemical and physical influences, a variety of textures and stable shades, increased moisture and frost resistance, and non-flammability of the material. A special feature of the installation of this finishing material is that it cannot be laid directly on the mortar. A ventilated façade is made from porcelain stoneware, that is, a curtain façade system that provides air circulation along the wall, providing heat and sound insulation, as well as resistance to mold or mildew on the walls.

Using porcelain stoneware you can create original facade your home, since there are many types of it with different types of surface: matte, satin, glazed, polished, mosaic, and structured with imitation of various textures. Ideally, you need to purchase porcelain tiles with a tile thickness of at least 12-16 mm.

Siding

The most popular and affordable material is siding. Installation takes place both on insulated walls and without insulation. Siding is often used to hide defects in the exterior walls of a building. It has good waterproofing properties and a wide range of textures and shades.

There are the following types siding:

vinyl;
metal;
wood;
basement;
cement.

Vinyl

Wood

Metal

Fiber cement

Tsokolny

The first type is made of PVC; its surface can imitate various textures. The material is lightweight, resistant to mechanical stress, and inexpensive. But the fasteners used to install vinyl siding are quite expensive. During installation, it is recommended to use the help of specialists, since the panels may become deformed if the panels are fixed in place incorrectly.

Metal siding is made from aluminum or steel. The disadvantage of this type is susceptibility to corrosion if the surface is damaged. Wood siding is aesthetically pleasing, safe, but impractical and requires special care.

Insulation "wet facade"

The “wet facade” insulation technology consists of using solutions and building compounds diluted with water at all stages of work. After completion of insulation, the facade of the building looks like it was finished with decorative plaster. As a result, when using this technology, two goals are achieved - insulation and decorative finishing.

The following materials are used for this system:

insulation - polystyrene foam, mineral wool, polystyrene foam can be used. The first is not used so often due to the fact that polystyrene foam has poor adhesion and vapor barrier. Mineral wool is non-flammable, has high vapor permeability, but has more weight and cost than polystyrene foam. The thickness of the insulation is calculated depending on the climate zone and the material of the building walls;
reinforcing mesh;
glue for insulation and mesh;
plastic fasteners for insulation.

The “wet facade” insulation technology has a number of advantages: it is simple, it allows not only to create an insulating layer, but also a soundproofing one. The system is quite lightweight and can be mounted on any façade. Moreover, practically monolithic insulation does not allow cold to penetrate into the gaps. The likelihood of mold or mildew on the walls is excluded, and the outer layer protects from mechanical and atmospheric influences. The service life of such a facade is at least 20 years. Disadvantages include special requirements for the quality of materials and work technology, as well as the fact that installation can only be carried out at a certain time - during the warm season.

The types of materials for finishing facades can be very different. In order not to make a mistake with your choice, you should carefully study the assortment, as well as familiarize yourself with the advantages and disadvantages of each material.

Wet façade technology

Video

We invite you to get acquainted with advanced technologies for finishing private houses.

Photos of finishing options for the facades of private houses

The selection of photos contains options for finishing the facades of private houses of various sizes.

Final stage of construction country house- finishing, which includes, among others, work on façade cladding. The range of finishing materials is huge, and for the right choice you need to consider their characteristics and features applications.

Why do you need cladding on the façade of a country house?

Most modern building materials have excellent heat-insulating properties and high strength, but their appearance is unassuming. Therefore, the façade cladding is included in the design of a newly built country house.

Modern materials allow you to build a house in any style, regardless of the wall material. In addition, homeowners often resort to façade finishing when restoring and renovating old houses - this allows you to give them a new look.

Facade cladding has not only a cosmetic effect, in addition, it protects wall material from harmful factors: sun, wind, moisture, improves thermal insulation characteristics building. In general, correctly executed wall decoration will extend the life of the building.

Types of modern finishing materials for the facades of private houses

The choice of modern facing materials is varied; when choosing them, the following factors are usually taken into account:

protective and thermal insulation properties;
resistance to external influences and service life;
application area;
complexity finishing works;
price.

All materials used for cladding facades have their advantages and disadvantages, and the developer’s task is to find the best option for his home.

Plaster

This popular type of finish Most often used for finishing walls made of bricks and building blocks.

Advantages of plaster:

protects walls well from atmospheric moisture, creates an additional thermal insulation layer;
increases the fire resistance of walls;
the plaster is vapor-permeable, which ensures good moisture removal from inside the room;
the work can be done independently;
different types of decorative plaster differ in price, it is easy to choose an affordable option;
plaster can be combined with other types of finishes, choose any color and texture.

Application of decorative plaster.

The disadvantages include rapid destruction of the plaster layer due to improper application and operation of the building.

Types of plaster:

Mineral plaster based on cement and additives - the simplest and cheap option. Its advantages include strength and high moisture resistance. Mineral plaster is sold in the form of dry mixtures and has an unattractive gray color, but can be easily painted in any shade with façade paints. Service life - from 3 to 10 years.
Acrylic plaster- a ready-made mixture with various decorative textures based on resins; it is distinguished by its plasticity and resistance to moisture. The scope of application of acrylic plaster is walls insulated with polystyrene. Service life is from 10 to 15 years.
Silicone polymer plaster- the most expensive of its analogues, it is distinguished by high quality coating, durability and resistance to dirt. It does not absorb dust and is not destroyed when exposed to chemical compounds, so silicone plaster can be used to decorate buildings located near cities and highways. The finish will last at least 25 years.
Silicate facade plasters based on liquid glass, they have good vapor permeability; they are often used for finishing houses made of gas silicate. It is plastic, easy to apply, allows you to create different textures, is not afraid of dirt and dust and retains a fresh appearance for 20-25 years.

Designers often use plaster in combination with other finishing materials: stone, decorative brick and tile. This technique allows you to refresh the facade, create accents, for example, on window openings, columns or corners.

Finishing facades with natural or artificial stone

Stone can be used not only for decoration, but also as self-finishing. This type of finishing is not cheap, but it is durable and allows you to give your home a rich appearance.

Natural stone is a heavy material, so it is used to decorate walls made of bricks or blocks that can withstand the weight of the cladding. The stone has an irregular shape and requires adjustment, as well as grouting.

An alternative to natural stone is artificial stone. It's lighter and much more affordable, imitates different types stone, easier to install on the surface of the walls. Like natural stone, it does not burn and is not destroyed by moisture.

Clinker tiles and thermal panels

This type of finishing is a ceramic tile that imitates clinker brick (see photo). The finishing brick itself is in a good way wall cladding, but it is usually fixed at the stage of laying the walls. Clinker tiles can be used for repair and restoration of old buildings, which makes it more versatile.

Clinker thermal panels combine two functions: insulation and finishing. Thanks to their size, the finishing work time is significantly reduced, and the appearance of such a house is no different from a building finished with brick.

Clinker tiles have a natural color range from sand to dark brown, they is durable and moisture resistant, does not burn, does not contribute to the development of mold. This finish is durable and correct installation will last at least 50 years.

Porcelain tiles

Porcelain tiles - artificial material, non-shrinking, waterproof and durable.

It can be attached with special glue, just like finishing stone, but the moisture resistance of porcelain stoneware will promote moisture retention inside the walls. Therefore, porcelain tiles are often used in ventilated facades.

This method of finishing involves attaching lathing to the wall from metal profile, onto which porcelain tiles are mounted using special fasteners. Between tiles and wall leave a ventilated gap or lay a layer of fiber insulation that allows moisture to be removed from the walls.

The richness of colors and sizes of porcelain tiles make it a popular finishing material for country houses. Service life - at least 25 years.

Repairing a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware is very simple: the damaged tile is removed and replaced with a new one.

Siding

Siding - polymer or metal finishing panels used in ventilated facades.

With their help you can decorate new houses or restore old ones buildings from any material. Vinyl siding has more natural and muted colors, metallic - brighter. There are varieties of finishing panels that imitate wood or stone. Mounted on a lathing made of a bar or metal profile.

Advantages of siding:

affordable price;
easy installation;
resistance to atmospheric moisture;
does not require painting, does not rot;
can be used to decorate walls made of any material.

Flaws:

If fastened incorrectly, thermal deformation is possible;
vinyl siding is not durable and can be damaged by impacts;
light shades of siding quickly become dirty.

Wood finishing

Wood - the most environmentally friendly material. Thanks to its ability to “breathe,” wood finishing is possible for both wooden buildings, and for brick and block houses. Like siding, fastening wood finishing performed using the ventilated facade method.

The frame is made of bars, between which insulation boards can be laid. All wooden elements must be treated with an antiseptic, and the finishing material itself is recommended to be painted or coated with wood preservatives.

Finishing wood can have different shapes: block house - imitation of rounded logs, imitation of timber, planed facade board.

Advantages of wood finishing:

natural breathable material;
wood can be mounted on any wall; installation does not require special skills;
wood can be easily painted in any shade, including natural shades;
the price of materials is moderate.

TO significant shortcomings relate:

low fire resistance;
susceptibility to rotting;
the need for periodic processing.

Which material is better and cheaper for exterior finishing of a house?

Having considered the description of facing materials, you can draw conclusions and make a choice. For facade cladding wooden house It is better to use a ventilated facade made of siding or finishing wood. This finish will allow the house to “breathe”, it not afraid of shrinkage and seasonal deformation, harmonizes perfectly with the style of a wooden house.

Plaster, finishing stone or tiles, as well as ventilated facades with any finish, are excellent for finishing a house made of bricks and blocks.

When using moisture-proof materials It is mandatory to install effective exhaust ventilation in the house, otherwise it cannot be avoided high humidity, condensation and mold. Over time, this can lead to the destruction of walls.

Finishing the facade of a private house: instructions

Each type of exterior wall finishing has its own technology, the main stages of which are given below.

Rules for applying plaster:

Before applying the finishing plaster, the walls are cleaned of mortar residues, cracks and cavities are sealed, and the seams are leveled.
When applying plaster over insulation, you need to secure it well.
If the intended layer of plaster is more than 10 mm thick, it is necessary to secure the reinforcing mesh to the wall.
To obtain an even coating, beacons are placed.
The solution is mixed strictly according to the instructions indicated on the package, in the amount that can be used at a time.
Prepared solutions must be mixed thoroughly before use.
The prepared wall is primed.
The first layer of plaster is applied by spray, subsequent leveling layers are applied with a spatula and leveled using the rule, and to create decorative textures, figured spatulas and rollers are used.
If a layer of paint is applied over the plaster, the plaster must be thoroughly dried, and for better adhesion and reduced paint consumption, it is recommended to pre-prime it.

Rules for installing a ventilated facade:

It is not necessary to remove the old coating from the walls if it provides a strong attachment to the frame.
It is recommended to cover the wall with a wind- and moisture-proof vapor-permeable film.
The frame of the ventilated facade is made of metal profile or wood, depending on the facing material, securing it with screws or nails.
Insulation can be laid between the frame posts.
The facing material is attached to the frame using special fasteners or self-tapping screws or nails.
If necessary, the cladding is treated with fire retardants, coloring and a protective composition.

Rules for facing with stone, clinker or tiles:

Level the wall with cement mortar.
Prime the wall to improve adhesion.
The facing stone or tile is placed on a special solution suitable for this type of finishing.
After the glue has dried, the joints are grouted.
To improve the appearance and performance characteristics, natural stone can be coated with a special varnish. This will ensure shine and no white deposits from salts.

Facade cladding with clinker tiles.

Facade cladding of a country house - the key to its beauty and durability. By choosing the material he likes, the homeowner will be able to realize his ideas and make the house a real cozy family nest, giving it charm and uniqueness for many years.

Due to the fact that the modern range of building materials is very wide, many owners of private houses have a natural desire to update the facade of their home, sometimes changing it beyond recognition. However, the problem is precisely that due to such an abundance of options and their diversity, it becomes very difficult to choose one of the types of finishes.

Therefore, it is worth taking a closer look at today’s most popular finishing materials for the facades of private houses, to make it easier to decide which option is most suitable for a particular building. Well, first of all, you need to decide on the range of criteria that a high-quality product must meet.

Criteria for choosing façade cladding

It is very important to highlight the points that must be paid attention to when determining the material needed for finishing the facade. In short, the main selection criteria are reliability, aesthetics and affordable price of cladding. Each of these points deserves expanded consideration.

So, for example, you shouldn’t save too much and settle on the “absolutely budget” option, that is, at the expense of the quality of the material. We should not forget that cladding is not only decor, but also a protective coating for walls, and it must withstand aggressive factors environment, such as rain and wind, snow and frost, ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes, chemical exposure and dynamic loads.

Not every material can withstand the low or high temperatures of certain regions, so it is necessary to take into account the actual conditions in which the material will be used.

It will not be possible to cladding the facade of a house very cheaply, but choosing the best finishing option with high performance characteristics, which will have a relatively affordable price, is quite possible.

The selection criteria that you should rely on will help not only save some money, but also clearly highlight certain advantages and disadvantages inherent in certain facade finishes.

First of all, it is worth taking a kind of “tour” along the surrounding streets and paying attention to the finished, recently finished facades of buildings that have stood for at least one or two winters. It is quite possible that this will help you decide on the finishing material or, conversely, categorically refuse some of them. To do this, you should focus your attention on the condition of the facades of houses, that is, learn from the mistakes of others, since some finishes show their inconsistency after the first season of operation.

So, the first thing that is usually determined when choosing a material for transforming the walls of a house is the appearance to be created. Here, each owner relies on his own taste, especially since today you can find a large number of finishes on sale, which also have an affordable price. If a certain material is selected based on its external qualities, then before purchasing it, it is worth familiarizing yourself with a number of performance characteristics:

Moisture resistance of finishing.
Frost and heat resistance.
Flammability.
Tear resistance.
The strength and durability of the finish is the service life declared by the manufacturer.
Complexity of installation and number of auxiliary elements.
Resistance to fading, that is, to ultraviolet radiation.
The color scheme, texture and similarity of the finish to natural material, if its imitation is chosen.
Cost of materials and components.

Then a completely clear picture will unfold before the buyer, based on which it will be possible to make a certain choice.

The most popular materials for facade finishing

Today you can find private houses whose facades have a variety of cladding, mostly imitating. Finishes are made from polyurethane, metal, cement, gypsum, clay, and composite compounds. Piece products are given various forms, and some types of finishes are sold in the form of dry mixtures or sheets.

So, the list of traditional and innovative materials can be presented as follows:

Facing brick.
Facade plaster - ordinary and decorative.
Siding – “boards” and panels, “block house”.
Ceramic and clinker tiles.
Sandwich panels.
Artificial or natural stone.
Facade wallpaper.

Well, now, it makes sense to consider each of the groups of materials separately and in more detail.

Brick wall decoration

Brick can be used to cover a house built from different materials. In essence, another wall is being laid out to protect the permanent structure. However, for such finishing it is necessary to strengthen the old foundation by expanding it, or to pour in a new tape, connecting it to the existing base.

It must be said right away that such cladding is a labor-intensive and quite expensive process, but the result is not only an aesthetic facade, but also reliable insulated walls. Usually, using this option for finishing the facade, the walls are immediately insulated - for this, the gap formed between the main wall and the new brick finish is filled with one of the insulating materials.

Facing bricks are somewhat different from ordinary building bricks in the following ways:

It has a shape with clear geometry and smooth, neat ribs, which is necessary for high-quality, clean masonry.
manufactured in a wide range of shades, textures, shapes.
It has increased resistance to external natural influences, so the facing layer is able to reliably protect the structure from the influence of an aggressive environment.
The finish has the ability to mask all defects that have formed on the main surface over the years of its operation.
Facing bricks are characterized by increased heat and frost resistance, excellent strength characteristics, and operational durability.

Cladding a house with brick is quite complicated, and if you have no experience in this work, then it is better not to undertake it, but to entrust it to professionals who know all the intricacies of this process.

For laying out such finishing they are used Various types bricks

Ceramic brick is made from clay that has undergone a cleaning cycle by firing at certain temperatures. This type of brick can have different shades depending on the pigment added to it - light ocher, red or even dark brown.

Silicate The brick is made from sand and lime by autoclave treatment using steam and high pressure and temperature. This type of product is produced in different shapes and colors. Since its disadvantages are low moisture resistance and heat resistance, it cannot be used for finishing foundation plinths and chimneys.

made from special types of clay. The molded bricks are dried well and then undergo a high-temperature firing process. The result is products with the highest moisture and heat resistance. Therefore, such facing bricks can be used for finishing any parts of the facade, including the base.

Hyperpressed brick produced from shell rock, limestone and cement by pressing under high pressure, without the use of firing. This type of product is distinguished by its characteristic surface, simulating chipping wild stone. The facing material has a wide range of colors and various geometric shapes, it has high technical characteristics, so its price is quite high. The cladding from it turns out to be very massive, which would require significant strengthening of the foundation. Usually used for the basement part of the facade or for individual decorative inserts

Ceramic bricks have the most affordable price, and clinker bricks have the highest price. This can be explained by different production technologies and, accordingly, characteristics acquired during processing.

In addition, facing bricks can be divided according to surface texture: it can be smooth, embossed, glazed and engobed.

Smooth brick

This material produces smooth, neat masonry with a matte surface. Bricks made from any raw material can have a smooth surface.

Glazed brick

It has a glossy surface and differs from the usual smooth finishing material in that during manufacturing it undergoes additional heat treatment after applying a special coating – glaze – to its front surface. The coating can have different shades, and even patterns, it looks rich, but is not always appropriate and, in addition, is quite expensive.

Angobe brick

This is an improved ceramic option bricks It differs in that an additional special layer of clay is applied to the molded blocks before firing, and then they are sent for processing at high temperatures. The result is a perfectly smooth front surface of the brick, which has high protective qualities.

Embossed brick

This option is typical for any type of brick. It differs from the others in the presence of three-dimensional drawings located on the butt side of the elements - these can be reliefs called “tree bark”, “bark beetle”, “turtle”, “wild stone chip” and many others.

Prices for facing bricks

facing brick

Finishing the facade with brick is a large-scale task!

Not every home craftsman can cope with such cladding. However, it never hurts to learn about the basic technological techniques: they are outlined in a special publication on our portal. This will help you really evaluate your own capabilities.

Facade plasters

Wall decoration with plaster can be called traditional, since previously it covered almost all the walls of buildings built of brick, blocks and slabs.

But even in our time, despite the emergence of other, more modern finishing materials, plaster still does not lose its popularity. That is why manufacturers do not abandon production, but continue to improve, providing various additives that make mixtures and solutions more plastic, durable and beautiful. In addition, homogeneous compositions of plaster mixtures often include additives in the form of hard inclusions, designed to form various relief patterns on the wall.

Modern additives can not only make the finish more decorative, but also qualitatively protect wall surfaces from destruction under the influence of external natural factors.

Mixtures made using advanced technologies are used not only for brick, block, stone and concrete walls, but also for those made of combustible materials subjected to special treatment before applying decorative finishing. A layer of plaster applied to such surfaces can make them more fire-resistant and able to withstand external influences, and more attractive from an aesthetic point of view.

If you decide to choose for facade finishing namely the plaster layer, it is necessary to clarify on what basis they are made and what characteristics they have. The table below will help you decide on the choice of this finishing material:

Type of plaster mixture Illustration Main advantages and disadvantages
MINERAL PLASTERS
The mineral type of plaster is produced on the basis of cement and has fairly high characteristics - resistance to ultraviolet radiation and ozone, good vapor permeability, resistance to high and low temperatures, durability and strength. If the technology for mixing and applying the solution is followed, its service life is estimated at up to 50 years. In addition, mineral facing mixtures are not flammable, so they will not contribute to the spread of fire. They are environmentally friendly, as they are made from natural raw materials. A layer of 8÷10 mm of this type of cladding can significantly soundproof the premises of the house from outside noise. Mineral plasters are compatible with most building materials from which buildings are built. However, this material has some disadvantages, which include low elasticity and abrasion resistance, as well as high moisture absorption. It should also be noted that such mixtures have a relatively short shelf life, so they must be used within one to one and a half hours after preparation, since then the solution begins to set, losing its already low elasticity. In order to slow down the setting of the mixture, lime dough is often added to it, which will significantly increase the elasticity of the mass. If the walls are finished with ordinary mineral plaster, then it will need to be covered with one of the decorative materials, which will entail additional costs. Mineral plasters are produced in a dry mixture, which requires mixing, and also in a paste form, ready for use, but the latter has a higher price. This type of plaster is recommended to be applied to the walls of the house after they have settled - in this case the layer will not chip or crack.
ACRYLIC PLASTERS
Acrylic plasters are produced on acrylic and polyvinyl bases. They go on sale in plastic buckets, ready for use. Like other types of plasters, acrylic mixture has its pros and cons. Thus, its positive qualities include high adhesion, moisture and heat resistance. Thanks to the high elasticity achieved by special plasticizers, the mass is easily applied and distributed on the surface of the walls, and during operation it does not crack, unlike cement compositions, and does not deform. Therefore, plastering of the facade can be done before the building shrinks. Acrylic plaster is used for cladding walls built from various materials - brick, concrete, stone, wood, etc. This material should not be used only for metal surfaces, as they do not interact well with each other. The disadvantages of acrylic coating include its low resistance to ultraviolet radiation, since it quickly fades under its influence. The service life of this material, compared to other types of finishes, is short - it is only 15-17 years. Acrylic mixtures tend to set quickly, so the speed of working with them matters. If you have no experience in plastering work, it will be difficult to cope with finishing walls with this material yourself.
SILICATE PLASTERS
Silicate plasters are made on the basis of liquid glass with additives of coloring pigments and mineral fillers. Thanks to these components, the material has excellent performance characteristics. The advantages of silicate mixtures include absolute environmental friendliness, compatibility with almost all surfaces, high strength, water resistance and vapor permeability, resistance to ultraviolet radiation and other natural influences. Plasters based on liquid glass have neutral electrostaticity, so they do not attract dust. Excellent adhesion of the mixture simplifies its application to the surface. In addition, such mixtures are not flammable, so they can become a protective layer for insulation materials with low fire resistance. This finish is used not only for facades, but also for interior work, thanks to environmental friendliness and lack of odor. Silicate plasters have an affordable price with high technical characteristics, therefore, if the negative properties of this material do not become a hindrance, it will become the best option for facade cladding. The negative factors of silicate finishing include only two points - its rapid setting and hardening, as well as the preparation of walls for its application with special primers. In addition, silicate compositions will not subsequently be used with any other paints - even façade paints will be required exclusively on a silicate basis, and they, as a rule, do not have a rich palette.
SILICONE PLASTERS
Silicone plasters can be called the most reliable and durable finishing material from this series. They are made on the basis of silicone resins and are sold in plastic buckets, ready for use. The advantages of silicone-based mixtures include high elasticity and excellent adhesion to the prepared surface, resistance to ultraviolet rays - the plaster practically does not fade, vapor permeability and water resistance, the ability to protect wall surfaces from mold, resistance to high and low temperatures, as well as the ability to self-clean under the action of precipitation. Thanks to all the mentioned qualities, covering the facade with this material is quite durable. The only drawback of the material is that the price is too high, but if you take into account the fact that the wall covering will not have to be repaired over a long period, then it will be quite adequate. If there is a desire to repaint the facade in a different color, then this will be quite simple, since any water-soluble coloring compounds Can be applied to this type of plaster without any problems.

All described plaster solutions can be supplied with fillers, which are intended to create on the surface façade walls decorative relief designs.

Prices for facade plaster

facade plaster

These additives can be granite, lime or marble chips, mica, multi-fraction quartz sand or polymers in the form of granules. It is with the help of these additives that the surface can be made uniformly rough or vertical, horizontal or chaotic grooves can be created on it.

Can be manufactured on the same basis decorative finishes, which create a durable layer of stone chips on the surface. This version of plaster can be purchased at finished form or even make it yourself by adding the selected version of mineral chips to any of the solutions for facade finishing.

Possible components of decorative plaster	Purpose of materials
Cement	Acts as a binder for the remaining ingredients of the plaster.
Lime	Lime is an excellent plasticizer, which gives the solution elasticity and facilitates its application to surfaces, and also prolongs the viability of the mixture.
Stone chips	This additive makes the finish decorative and creates reliable protection for the main wall. Stone chips can have different fractions, ranging from fine powder to 5÷6 mm. The created effect of wall cladding will depend on this.
Washed sand	This ingredient is required in cement-based solutions - it gives them strength, provided the proportions are correctly chosen.
Ground mica	This component is necessary to give the wall surface a reflective effect.
Coloring pigments	They are used as a decorative additive that colors the mixture in the chosen color.
Acrylic, liquid glass, silicone resins	These substances are used in expensive mixtures as binders instead of cement.

Decorative relief plasters – the widest possibilities for wall decoration!

If the reader has a desire to choose just such a finish, he can find out in more detail about it in a special article on our portal, completely dedicated to the application.

Facade siding - “boards” and panels

Siding, thanks to the variety of types and ease of installation, has gained great popularity among owners of private houses. This finishing material is somewhat reminiscent of lining, but differs from it in that it has a special fastening, which facilitates the installation of “boards” and panels on facade walls.

Can be made of polymer (PVC), wood, metal. The panels are given different colors, and most often the lights imitate natural finishing materials.

It is produced in the form of wide and narrow “boards”-lamellas or large-format panels. The cladding elements are attached horizontally with an overlap, and for this purpose a perforated strip located in the upper part of the board or panel is used, through which the fixing parts are screwed. This design allows the siding to reliably protect the walls of the house not only from moisture, but also from other influences of an aggressive environment. One of the insulating materials can be installed under this cladding (between the guides of the frame structure).

On a brick or concrete wall, as well as when mounted on top insulation material, the siding cladding is fixed to a pre-fixed sheathing. If a wooden house is being finished, then slats and panels can be installed and secured directly to the walls using wood screws.

The table shows comparative characteristics of siding made from various materials:

Index	Vinyl (acrylic) siding	Metal siding	Wood siding
Lamels (boards)
Panels
Raw materials for the manufacture of cladding	Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)	Galvanized steel or aluminum, polyurethane coating	Natural wood
Temperature of installation work	From -10 to +35 degrees	Not limited	Not limited
Operating temperatures during operation	From -50 to +50 degrees	From -50 to +80 degrees	From -80 to +80 degrees
Ignition temperature	Non-flammable, melting at + 450 degrees	Not flammable, deformation occurs at high temperatures	From + 300 degrees
Fire safety	Does not support combustion	Does not support combustion	Flammable
Hygroscopicity	Non-hygroscopic	Non-hygroscopic	Hygroscopic
Sensitivity to temperature changes	Average	Low	Average
Surface treatment	Not required	Not required	Impregnation with antiseptics and fire retardants
Coloring	Not required	Not required	Staining, staining, varnishing
Color range	About 20 shades + texture imitation natural materials	More than 100 shades + imitation of the texture of natural materials + decorative coatings.	Various shades of wood
Color restoration	Impossible	Possible coloring	Special coatings possible
Types of surface textures		Smooth, embossed and embossed	Smooth
Use of panels and lamellas of different sizes	Impossible	Impossible	Maybe
Installation		Easy to install and fix	Quite difficult
Resistance to mechanical stress	High, but becomes brittle at low temperatures	Medium, deformed from impacts	High
Scratch resistance	High	Average	High
Sound and thermal insulation	Average	Low	High
Cladding care	Needs cleaning	Easy to clean with water	Requires maintenance - cleaning and possibly replacement of the coating
Weight	1.8÷2.25 kg/m²	3.9÷5.8 kg/m²	Depends on the species and quality of the wood.
Cladding thickness	0.7 – 1.2 mm	0.48 – 0.61 mm	20 – 40 mm
Maximum lamella length	up to 3,660 mm	up to 6,000 mm	up to 6,000 mm
Environmental friendliness		Quality confirmed by certificates	Environmentally friendly natural material
Low	Low	High
Service life with proper installation and maintenance	Up to 50 years old	Up to 50 years old	Up to 50 years old

A type of siding is the “block house”, which is also produced in panels and boards from any of the materials mentioned above, but is distinguished by its shape, imitating the surface of a log, so a building finished with this type of cladding has the appearance of a wooden frame.

Siding prices

Facade tiles

Has good performance characteristics. With the advent of modern production technologies, tiles for external cladding of houses acquire higher aesthetic values and qualities that extend their service life. A wide range of facade tiles allows you to choose them to suit every taste and your financial capabilities.

To choose one of the options for this material, it is worth briefly considering the characteristics of some of the most popular of them.

Name of tile by material of manufacture Appearance Main characteristics of the material
A NATURAL STONE
Natural materials are always attractive due to their environmental friendliness and this makes them significantly different from claddings that imitate them. However, it cannot be said that they “consist” only of advantages. The “advantages” of natural finishes include strength and frost resistance, resistance to chemicals, durability, aesthetic and presentable appearance. The disadvantages of natural slabs may outweigh their advantages, since they are quite significant. So, this is a high price for the material itself and its installation. The cladding is quite heavy and has lower adhesion than artificial materials. The following types of natural stone are used for finishing the facade: - Marble and granite of various shades, which has a dense structure and withstands various external influences. – Sandstone, which has a porous structure and is considered a fairly soft agglomerate, therefore, when installing it on a wall, if necessary, it can be easily cut. Due to the above qualities, as well as a relatively affordable price, it is often used for cladding facades. - Limestone is another stone that can be sawed or cut, but without special treatment it is not recommended to be used for exterior finishing, since it is not resistant to external natural influences. The stone begins to crumble, losing its strength and aesthetic appeal.
FAKE DIAMOND
Artificial stone is an imitation of natural stone tiles and is made from cement, sand, gypsum, acrylic binders and synthetic fibers. In addition, stone chips are added to some of its types. Depending on the material of manufacture, the characteristics of the finishing material may vary. It should be noted right away that the gypsum version of the cladding is more suitable for interior decoration. Decorative acrylic stone is used for both external and internal wall decoration, as it has high reliability and strength, which is enhanced by the synthetic fibers included in the finishing material. Acrylic is able to withstand mechanical stress, it is non-hygroscopic, does not absorb dirt, and is distinguished by numerous shades, as well as an aesthetic appearance. Decorative facing stone, made on a cement base, has a more affordable price compared to other finishing options in this series, and, moreover, has high technical characteristics. concrete stone Excellent for facade work, since products manufactured using technology have even higher strength and resistance to external influences than natural stone.
CERAMIC TILES
Ceramic tiles are popular for finishing both indoors and on the façade of buildings. This finishing material is made from clay, and the process of its manufacture is almost the same as that of bricks, that is, the tiles are fired for many hours until the clay and additives included in the mixture are sintered. The result is a virtually non-hygroscopic finishing material. There are several types of tiles, each of which has its own purpose. For façade finishing, unglazed ceramic tiles with a relief surface that imitate natural stone are most often used. Ceramic finishes are distinguished by a wide range of colors, aesthetics, and resistance to environmental changes and external influences. Properly laid material will last at least 50 years. It is very important to choose the right adhesive composition and securely close the seams between the tiles with grout, since if moisture begins to penetrate into the gaps between them, the cladding will not last long on the wall.
CLINKER TILES
Clinker tiles are also made from clay, but special grades and special high-temperature firing technology are used for this. The tile imitates natural stone or the surface and shape of brick, so on the wall, when the installation of the cladding is completed, a very reliable imitation is obtained brickwork, which is almost impossible to distinguish from the real thing. The facing material has high strength and durability. Clinker tiles have a number of advantages over conventional ceramic finishes - they are high frost resistance and strength, resistance to mechanical stress, aggressive environments and ultraviolet rays. The disadvantage of this cladding is that it will cost much more than conventional ceramic tiles.
TERRACOTTA TILES
Another option for ceramic facade finishing is terracotta tiles, which are also called “architectural”. This material differs in that it is made from already baked kaolin clay without the addition of chemical pigments. Different shades of cladding are achieved by mixing several types of clay, so the palette can vary from light beige colour until dark brown. The surface of the tile can be rough or smooth and glazed. The advantages of terracotta finishing are heat resistance up to + 1000 degrees and frost resistance, as well as resistance to temperature changes, relatively low hygroscopicity, durability, and environmental friendliness of the material. An affordable price, which is lower than the cost of clinker and natural stone, allows you to save some money. The only disadvantage of terracotta is the lack of variety of colors, but its warm ocher and brown shades will fit well into any façade design solution.

It is very important to know what to look for when choosing such a finish for a facade, since the recommendations will help you purchase high-quality material that will be easier to install on the wall and, during operation, to maintain in proper form.

Exterior tiles can be grooved or smooth. Behind smooth surface It is easier to care for compared to embossed options, since dirt practically does not linger on it.
When buying finishing tiles, you must check all the packaging, since the material must be from the same batch. If you purchase cladding from different batches, the tiles may have different shades, so it is recommended to mix elements from different batches with each other to achieve uniform color of the facade.
The products should not have any defects - cavities and cracks.
When choosing a cladding, you should pay attention to the service life declared by the manufacturer, and also “estimate” the cost of annual maintenance of the finish, which includes cleaning and treatment with protective agents.

Facade finishing panels

Facade panels are one of the most popular and original finishes, as they can be chosen to suit every taste. Many of them are also easy to install on walls.

Such cladding is made from different materials - plastic, metal, fiber cement, a composite of sand and polymers, wood and even glass. Convenience also lies in the fact that the panels are manufactured not only in different formats, but also with different numbers of layers. Multilayer panels have an insulating layer, therefore, by covering the facade with them, you can solve two problems at once - insulation and decorative finishing.

Facade panels are assembled on the wall into a single covering that can protect the building from various external influences. The panels, as a rule, are relatively light in weight, so they can be used to cover the walls of an old house built from any materials.

Panel type by material Appearance Main characteristics of panels
POLYMER SAND PANELS
Polymer sand panels are made from polymers, sand and pigments, which give the cladding the desired shade. This finishing material is excellent for decorating facades, fences, enclosures of loggias and balconies, as well as for stoves and fireplaces. The panels are made by pressing and firing at a temperature of 1200 degrees, which sinteres the components into a single mass. Thanks to this technology, the cladding acquires high strength and durability, low hygroscopicity, resistance to chemical compounds, and high wear resistance. The panels are light in weight, easily assembled into a single structure and do not require reinforcement of the foundation, so you can completely cover the walls with them yourself. Polymer sand boards increase the thermal insulation of walls, perfectly hide their flaws, while simultaneously leveling the surface. The panels are produced in a wide range of colors and can have different relief patterns and sizes - they can be combined with other finishing materials, for example, with decorative plasters. The facing material is resistant not only to high, but also to low temperatures, which can be -60÷65 degrees. This type of cladding is easy to care for, as all contaminants are easily washed off with plain water. These panels harmonize perfectly with the tiled roof, as they are painted in shades close to it. Polymer sand panels can be single-layer, and they are also used in the manufacture of thermal panels, mounted with an external decorative layer.
METAL PANELS
Metal panels are made of galvanized steel or aluminum. They can have a smooth or profiled surface with a polymer coating that protects the metal from corrosion and gives the cladding an aesthetic appearance. The metal used to produce this type of cladding can have different thicknesses, starting from 0.55 mm. To coat the metal, polymers are used - pural, polyester and plastisol, giving the surface a glossy or matte shine. Metal panels are characterized by a long service life, which is more than 30 years, resistance to low temperatures, corrosion, alkalis and acids. The material is characterized by absolute inflammability, impact and water resistance, a variety of colors, ease of installation and operating temperatures ranging from -45 to +50 degrees. The disadvantages of such cladding include the fact that it does not create any thermal insulation for the walls. Therefore, if surfaces need to be insulated, you will have to purchase additional insulating material.
VINYL PANELS
Facade panels made of polyvinyl chloride have gained the greatest popularity among owners, as they have an aesthetic appearance, a variety of relief surface patterns, and at the same time, they have a very affordable price. The products are easily assembled together into a single cladding using a latch lock, and secured to the wall with self-tapping screws. Other positive qualities vinyl panels can be attributed to durability (30 years or more), low flammability - G1, good water resistance, inertness to biological and corrosive decomposition, low weight of facing slabs, amounting to only 5 kg/m², resistance to ultraviolet radiation, low thermal conductivity. Vinyl tiles also have their drawbacks. At low temperatures, the material becomes brittle, and if mechanical stress is applied to it, the slabs may be damaged.
DOUBLE-LAYER THERMAL PANELS
Two-layer wall thermal panels consist of an outer decorative layer, which is made of metal, a polymer composition (for example, polyurethane), clinker tiles or decorative concrete, as well as an insulating polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam layer having a thickness of 40 to 100 mm. Thanks to the multilayer nature of the panels and the special assembly design, this cladding perfectly thermally and sound insulates the walls. The advantages of thermal panels can be considered a long service life, ranging from 30 to 50 years, resistance to low temperatures and external influences. This type has low thermal conductivity and high moisture resistance, light weight and a wide temperature range that varies from -50 to +100 degrees. The panels are easily mounted on the wall and require virtually no maintenance. The disadvantages of thermal panels include the instability of the insulating material to open fire, so it is recommended to purchase a finish that uses extruded polyurethane foam as insulation, since it tends to self-extinguish.
SANDWICH PANELS
Another option for insulating the facade is a cladding material that consists of sandwich panels, consisting of three layers, two of which are made of different materials - it can be PVC, fiberboard, magnesite board or galvanized metal with a polymer paint coating. Between the outer sheets there is a plate of insulating material - mineral wool, polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam of different densities. This type of façade cladding perfectly protects walls from wind and low temperatures, and also provides them with good sound insulation. In terms of thermal conductivity, a sandwich panel with a thickness of 100 mm corresponds to the same quality of slag concrete with a thickness of 950 mm, brick - 1400 mm, aerated concrete - 600 mm. Therefore, this facing material is well suited for the facades of houses located in regions with harsh climates. Sandwich panels are installed using the tongue-and-groove principle, which creates an airtight coating for the façade.
FIBER CEMENT PANELS
Fiber cement panels are made from cement, mineral fillers and cellulose fibers - the latter make up about 10% of the total volume of the mixture and are an effective reinforcing additive. Panels made from this material are excellent for finishing the walls of not only new but also old houses, as they have a relatively low weight due to the hollowness of their structure. The slabs are fixed on a pre-installed lathing on the wall made of metal profiles and wooden beams treated with a special primer. The slabs are often connected to each other using a tongue-and-groove lock. The surface of the panels can have different relief patterns, imitating brick or stone masonry, or wood texture. A protective polyurethane or acrylic coating is applied on top of the relief, and in some cases the surface is finished with a layer of stone chips. The thickness of fiber cement panels can vary in the range of 8÷15 mm, and their specific gravity- 16÷30 kg/m². The “advantages” of this type of facing material include a long service life of 25–30 years, high resistance to ultraviolet radiation, since the substances included in the slab material have the ability to absorb Sun rays, high heat and frost resistance, inertness to biological and corrosive decomposition, absolute non-flammability, low thermal conductivity, good sound absorption and environmentally friendly finishing. Fiber cement panels also have their “disadvantages” - this is a fairly high hygroscopicity, reaching up to 7%, which can lead to deformation processes of the slabs, low impact resistance of the cladding, and also the fact that some of the slab models do not have a coating and require painting, which is associated with additional costs.
GLASS PANELS
Glass facade panels are rarely used in private construction - they are mainly used for office buildings or supermarkets, so this cladding is classified as a luxury class. However, sometimes such finishing is still used for certain sections of the facades of private houses. For facade panels we produce different types glass that is impact resistant (class A), designed to protect against vandalism and burglary (class B), bulletproof glass (class B). Besides these options. tempered, reinforced, laminated (triplex) glass is used. Wired glass has a thickness of up to 6 mm and can be primed and painted in any shade, as well as have a decorative pattern on the surface. In addition, glass can be mirrored, frosted, opaque and transparent. Plates made of foamed glass granulate are one of the varieties of this type of panel. They are reinforced with fiberglass mesh on both sides and have a thickness of 26 mm. Painted glass can be fixed to the surface of these panels, or they can be decorated with stone chips with a fraction of up to 6 mm, metal plates up to 2 mm thick, which imitate precious metals. Another type of glass facade slabs are crystallized panels. This option is made from inorganic substances, and the creation of a crystallized glass panel occurs in close to the natural processes of granite formation. That's why specifications These panels are sometimes superior to the parameters of granite and marble. The advantages of glass panels include low thermal conductivity and high sound insulation, especially for laminated options, as they have a sound-absorbing effect. Tinted glass panels reduce the impact of ultraviolet radiation on the rooms inside the house, and mirrored slabs reflect the sun's rays, preventing the rooms inside the building from heating up. Corrugated glass coated with metal oxide is also an excellent reflector. The disadvantages of glass panels include the complexity of calculation and installation of the structure, as well as the high price for drawing up the project. Glass panels are mounted on a frame made of aluminum profile in three ways. The transom façade (classical) consists of internal frame, assembled from crossbars and external profiles, clamps and decorative covers. Frameless facade (structural). When installing a facade using this method, the frame is not installed, and the glass is glued to aluminum frame profiles from the outside. This structure makes up one of the facade units - a cassette, from which all or part of the wall is mounted. Cassettes are fastened together mechanically through the holes provided in the aluminum frame. From the outside, the joints between the cassettes are sealed with a sealant similar in appearance and properties to the structure of glass. The spider façade has the most original glazing, but it is most often used in the construction of public buildings.

Facade wallpaper

Facade wallpaper is a new type of exterior decoration of buildings, which has recently appeared on the Russian construction market. The most famous products are those of the German company Erfurt.

Despite the fact that the material has not yet gained widespread popularity, many builders have already appreciated the ease of working with it. It is very convenient that the wallpaper is sold in combination with all the components necessary for installation - these are the canvases themselves in rolls, profiles with reinforcing mesh, special glue designed specifically for this material, as well as paint for the final stage of work.

So, in order to have an idea of what this kit is, it is worth considering each of its components.

Fabric of façade wallpaper

Facade wallpaper is supplied in rolls 710 mm wide and 20 meters long. The fabric is made from synthetic fibers, but does not contain polyvinyl chloride, formaldehyde, heavy metal compounds or plasticizers. Therefore, the material is safe for both humans and the environment.

In addition to the environmental friendliness of facade wallpaper, they also have a number of positive qualities, such as resistance to ultraviolet rays, temperature changes, vapor permeability and frost resistance. One or another textured pattern is usually clearly visible on the canvases.

Reinforcing glue

The second most important component of the system is the reinforcing adhesive, made on the basis of acrylic copolymer. The composition of this glue has a fairly thick consistency, so it is able to hide minor flaws on the surface of the wall.

The adhesive mass is quite elastic and well compatible with the cement base, so it is easy to work with, and after drying it becomes resistant to external natural influences such as rain, snow, wind, and sunlight. The glue is applied to the prepared base using a roller, and if the mass becomes too thick, it is quite possible to dilute it with water.

Profiles with reinforcing mesh

These elements, equipped with a reinforcing mesh, are necessary when gluing façade wallpaper, since their purpose is to fasten the canvases at joints, corners, abutments, etc., creating monolithic coating on the wall.

So, the kit should include:

— the starting (closing) profile, shown in the lower figure, is installed horizontally along the lower and upper parts of the wall, as well as on the sides of the surface to be pasted and at the joints of the canvases, where the element is mounted vertically;

— corner profile designed to strengthen the corner parts of facade walls, including door and door slopes window openings, as well as to create their clear lines.

These elements are mounted on the walls using the same glue that is used for gluing wallpaper.

Paint for facade wallpaper

The final stage of finishing is painting the façade wallpaper in the chosen color. Experts recommend using facade paint Alligator brand, which is reinforced with silicone resins, has a high degree of diffusion, without creating tension on the pasted wallpaper. In addition, thanks to “Guard” technologies, which use fungicidal and algicidal additives, this paint is able to protect the substrate on which it is applied from any biological damage.

The paint has good hiding power, which is achieved even when applying a thin layer. The dried layer of paint takes on the appearance of a mineral matte coating, which is highly resistant to moisture, including heavy rains.

It should be noted that such paints are widely used for restoration work during the reconstruction of architectural monuments - and this says a lot!

Advantages of facade wallpaper

This type of finishing, which is quite unusual by our standards, has many advantages compared to other facade materials:

Durability of the finish - the manufacturer guarantees a 30-year service life.
Walls covered with façade wallpaper look like ordinary smooth or embossed plaster, but unlike it, cracks will never appear on the surface.
Installation of the coating is quite simple compared to tidying up the walls using plaster compounds. Before gluing the wallpaper to the surface of the facade, it does not need to be carefully leveled - this work will be done by the glue applied under the wallpaper. The only thing that needs to be done is to seal the cracks with elastic sealants.

Facade wallpaper can be called a unique material that can create a high-quality, aesthetic and reliable coating for the walls of a German-style home. Of course, this type of finishing has a great future.

For those who are interested in this innovative method of facade finishing, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with the presentation video:

Video: Advanced building finishing technologies - façade wallpaper "Erfurt"

So, having familiarized yourself with the numerous materials intended for, you can make a choice suitable option. Having settled on one of them and found out its cost, you must immediately calculate all the additional elements for its installation, and only after that will it be possible to estimate the approximate scale of the upcoming costs. It is necessary to take into account that components, alas, sometimes run up in price to an amount comparable to the cost of the main finishing material.

The very concept of “building facade” is immediately associated with the external part of buildings, which are decoratively enhanced using a variety of materials. It is worth noting that in the modern market there is a huge number various options for carrying out facing work. The same applies to the types of cladding themselves, which we will discuss in detail in today’s article.

Main types of cladding: ventilated facade

The types of house facades require separate consideration, since each of them has a number of its own pros and cons, suitable for certain types of buildings.

Ventilated facades are cladding made using a special ventilated technology, which is very often chosen by domestic designers. The materials are mounted on a frame made of galvanized, stainless steel, or aluminum. The frame, in turn, is attached to the load-bearing wall or monolithic floor of the building. Thus, air passes freely between the wall and the cladding itself, which dries the surfaces, preventing moisture from stagnating in the empty space. Each fastening element is considered universal, thanks to which designers can use this type of cladding even in cutting-edge projects.

The main advantages of ventilated facades

Let's look at the main advantages of ventilated facades:

Easy to install the ability to install it yourself, since no specialized tools are required here
Resistance to external influences Absolute resistance to the negative effects of the atmosphere
Protection against waterlogging The insulation is completely protected from waterlogging
Variety of colors Immense abundance various colors due to the versatility of materials
Soundproofing installation With the exception of insulation, sound insulation can be easily installed in the free space
Installation at any time of the year Due to the absence of wet processes, this type of facade can be installed absolutely at any time of the year.

Main types of cladding: plaster facade

The following types of building facades are called plaster, and they are used to create a textured surface of facades, as well as to solve various design problems, which has become relevant in Lately. Moreover, the plaster facade has a breathable structure, which relieves the wall mass from excess moisture.

The process of installing a plaster facade

The base is being prepared (removal of old cladding)
Priming the base (the wall can also be cleaned of moss and mold)
The base profile is fixed
Installation of thermal insulation boards
The mortar mixture is applied to the insulation boards
Insulation boards are glued
Additional control of the slab surface
Sanding the surface of the slabs (as needed)
Additional mechanical insulation
Installation of the reinforcing layer
Application of decorative plaster compositions

Each of the above steps may vary depending on the type of plaster chosen. The material can be silicate, silicone, acrylic, and also mineral. Let's look at the main advantages of this type of facade design:

The main advantages of a plaster facade

Variety of finishes The ability to solve aesthetic problems, since a variety of designs can be applied to the surface, as well as any texture can be given
Additional insulation Some types of plaster can serve as additional heat and sound insulation
Anti-vandal material This material can rightfully be called anti-vandal, since as a result of the appearance of any defects it can be restored in a matter of minutes old look facade
High strength Any destruction is possible only with strong waterlogging of the composition applied to the wall, which indicates the high strength and stability of the plaster
Durability The “wet façade” effect is the most durable

Main types of cladding: facade glazing

Stained glass glazing of facades is one of the most modern types of building design. Despite the apparent high cost, this type of design work is one of the most economical, and the ease of installation in any weather only increases the interest in stained glass glazing on the part of many customers. The post-transom installation system can rightfully be called innovative, since it is based on the installation of horizontal crossbars and vertical posts that support decorative slabs. There are classical, structural and semi-structural installation systems.

The main advantages of facade glazing

Resistance to external environment Increased resistance to freezing, as well as high fire safety
Absolutely environmentally friendly
Any area Possibility of working on large areas
Speed and all-season use Installation is carried out quickly and in any season
High level of transparency of facades Provides additional installation savings additional sources lighting

The slabs used for glazing can be made of plastic, aluminum or real glass, which gives the building a spectacular appearance.

Materials for finishing facades of houses and buildings and their properties

Cladding with special facade cassettes

The types of decoration of the facades of houses (buildings) are very multifaceted, and each of them has its own unique function and characteristics. It’s worth starting with cladding with special facade cassettes, with the help of which a practical and, most importantly, durable facade is obtained, which is also ventilated. Upgrading is carried out with a special polymer coating and galvanized steel. The advantages of this type include a wide color palette, and simple installation during the installation process.

Cladding the facade of a house with plaster

The next type is made using plaster, a material that can not only significantly insulate a building, but also acquire a texture that plays an exclusively decorative role. The main function of plaster has always been the leveling of walls, and a large number of substances are used for this task: gypsum, lime mortars, as well as cement-sand compositions. In order for the coating itself to be of high quality and functional, it is recommended to use only high-quality construction products from reputable manufacturers.

Facing work using siding

Cladding works using siding are distinguished by their abundance in terms of textures and colors, as well as its decorative versatility. It is siding that is most often chosen professional designers who have to work with the organization of design work when decorating the facades of buildings. In addition, the material protects the house very well from various weather conditions, be it heat, cold, rain or snow. Vinyl siding, which is the most popular at the moment, not only surpasses other types in strength, but also in appearance. Dirt does not stick to vinyl, and it also cannot rust.

Facing and decorating a house with wood siding

Wooden siding deserves special attention, as it is also on trend. Despite the fact that vinyl types have long overtaken wood in their qualities, many lovers of natural materials still choose wooden options, which are made from plywood, cedar, mahogany, hardboard, regular board, cedar shingles and a number of other materials. Thanks to the naturalness of wood, a very important advantage is the natural color that any home acquires. This cladding option is especially relevant for the construction of country houses and dachas.

Facing and finishing a house using stone

The use of stone in facing work is one of the most labor-intensive and expensive processes, however, the result can amaze even the most unskilled person. The installation of stone plates is carried out selectively or in bulk, and each option has its own decorative character. The stone finishing process not only requires professionalism, but also high-quality materials so that the final result is not only reliable, but also striking in its appearance.

Facing and decorating a house using porcelain stoneware

Refinement of building facades is also often done using a material called porcelain stoneware. The appearance at the same time looks quite stylish, strict, noble, so it is often chosen by companies involved in the construction of their own office. The aesthetics of this option is the main advantage for which porcelain stoneware is highly valued among designers and planners. Moreover, the material copes very well with home shrinkage, since installation is carried out using a special lathing. Of course, porcelain tiles may move a little, but they will not will crack, will not lose its original appearance.

Cladding and finishing of a house using sandwich panels

The phrase “sandwich panel” may be new and unusual for you, but this type of cladding has long gained popularity among domestic designers. Essentially, a sandwich panel is 2 sheets of metal, which are combined with a layer of insulation. The metal used is hard. As for the strength of the product, it is achieved by pressing the parts together. Attractive appearance and thermal insulation of the building are the main advantages of the material. Understanding the topic decorative features, it should be noted that the surface can be smooth, decorated or profiled.

Facing and finishing a house using facing bricks

The list of types is completed by the famous facing brick, which in its physical properties is somewhat different from classical types bricks This material is not at all afraid of fire, is produced under extreme pressure in specialized forms, and also breathes remarkably, without letting the cold into the building. The laying is carried out 70 cm from the ground. Required condition Before carrying out finishing work, waterproofing is carried out. It is for these reasons that self-cladding a house with facing bricks can be difficult.

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