Project for an extension to a brick house with an attic. Expanding the space: how to make a frame extension to your house with your own hands. Connecting the foundation to the base of a wooden house
The construction of an extension can significantly expand the area of a wooden house and make it more solid in appearance. Similar structures are assembled from the most different materials. This could be, for example, wood, brick or gas blocks. Of course, when constructing an extension, certain technologies must be followed. We’ll talk further about how such structures are assembled correctly.
Drafting
When planning a structure such as an extension to wooden house, first of all you should decide:
- With material for walls, foundation and roof. A frame block or log structure is usually attached to a wooden building. Sometimes walls are made of brick or gas blocks. It is better to choose the roofing material for the extension that is the same as the roof of the building itself. In any case, you should try to ensure that the colors of the coating sheets are at least in harmony with each other. The foundation for the extension is chosen of the same type as the foundation of the building itself.
- With the dimensions of the structure. The area of the extension should not be more than 2/3 of the area of the house. Otherwise, the building will look awkward and ugly. The house looks most harmonious when the area of the new building is 1/3 of the old one.
The extension of a terrace to a wooden house, a veranda or a closed permanent structure is carried out in such a way that their roof is located just below the main roof. Of course, the angle between these two structures should not be negative. Otherwise, snow and water will accumulate at the junction.
Construction of the foundation
Marking for a structure such as an extension to a wooden house is done in the usual manner - using a level or the “Egyptian” triangle method. The foundation of the extension should be laid at the same depth as the foundation of the building itself. Rigid concrete strips of houses and extensions are usually not connected. Otherwise, when the new structure shrinks, cracks may appear at the joint. However, sometimes the foundation of an extension is still tied to an existing one. If cracks subsequently appear, they are simply covered with cement mortar.
The choice of type of interface depends mainly on the type of soil and wall material. If severe shrinkage is expected, it is better not to tie the foundations. The foundation for the extension is poured in the usual manner: with the device sand cushion, waterproofing and reinforcement.
Frame structures
This is the most cheap look extension, characterized by good performance characteristics. Such structures are erected in just a few days and do not shrink at all. Even a not very experienced private builder can assemble a very convenient and aesthetic frame extension to a wooden house. The designs of such structures are incredibly diverse. If necessary, using this technology it will not be difficult to build an ordinary summer extension-veranda, an insulated residential structure, a workshop, a kitchen and even a boiler room.
Construction Features
The foundation is pre-conditioned for a month. When erected under frame walls should be poured into it anchor bolts in increments of approximately 1.5 meters. The lower harness is attached to them. Its corners are usually connected using the “half-tree” method. A frame extension to a wooden house will be even more reliable if metal rods 40 cm long are poured into the corners of the foundation so that they protrude 20 cm above the surface. In this case, holes are drilled in the appropriate places in the framing beam.
The assembly of the frame begins with the installation of corner posts. Holes are drilled at their ends for the dowel rods. Next, intermediate posts are attached (in increments of 1.5 m). Fixation is usually done on galvanized steel corners. To ensure that the pillars do not deviate from the vertical during the construction process, they should be secured with temporary jibs. At the next stage, begin assembling the upper trim. They also attach it to the corners, and in the corners using the “half-tree” method.
They continue to build such a structure as a frame extension to a wooden house by fastening the logs to the beam of the bottom frame and covering the floor with edged boards. The floor beams are fixed to the top. After this, you can start covering the walls. First, on the room side, a vapor barrier membrane (with blocks) is attached to the frame pillars. Next is executed interior lining. Then insulation is installed between the pillars on the street side (if the extension is for winter). At the final stage, the structure is covered with waterproofing film and sheathed with clapboard, board or siding.
Construction of cobblestone walls
This extension to a wooden house looks beautiful and is durable. It is also not too difficult to erect, but it is more expensive than a frame one.
The lower crown of such an extension is laid on a waterproofed foundation in the same way as the trim frame structure- that is, with fastening to an anchor. Logs are fixed to it, and the floor is covered with boards. The walls are assembled in the usual manner. Corners can be connected using the “butt” or “half-tree” methods.
Expansion joint
The timber makes a very reliable extension to a wooden house. Projects may involve the construction of both open verandas and capital heated buildings from this material. However, in any case, one simple rule should be observed: you cannot immediately connect the walls of the extension to the house rigidly. The timber shrinks very strongly after construction. Therefore, an expansion joint should be installed at the junction of the walls. It's very easy to do. On both sides of the extension wall (from the indoors and outdoors) beams 100 x 100 or 50 x 50 mm are nailed to the house itself. All cracks are filled with some plastic material - for example, mastic or a special sealant.
If necessary - no less than two years after construction - an extension to a wooden house or any other, made of timber, can also be attached rigidly. In this case, either staples or special pads with screws are usually used.
Brick construction
Wooden outbuildings are, of course, beautiful structures and are simply ideal for a country residential building. However, many owners of cobblestone and log houses prefer to build more durable and permanent structures made of brick. Such an extension is assembled in the usual way with ligation of the seams, the thickness of which can be 1-1.5 cm.
Of course, you should also not make a rigid connection between the walls of the extension and the house. The brick structure has a very large weight and settles significantly. Therefore, the interface between the walls is simply arranged end-to-end with filling of the seam polyurethane foam or the same as in the first case between the bars.
Features of roof construction
Thus, the addition of a veranda to a wooden house or a more permanent structure is usually carried out without rigidly fastening the walls. The same rule should be followed when assembling the roof. The roof of the extension can have any shape, but most often a conventional lean-to structure is erected.
At the first stage, the ceiling is hemmed from edged boards or plywood. Next, any vapor or waterproofing material is laid on top of it. Then - insulation. After this, the resulting floor is covered with boards on top.
The rafters are attached on one side to the top frame or mauerlat. In this case, metal corners or “knot” fastening are used with preliminary cutting of the mounting sockets. On the side of the house, you can either simply place a wide beam on the edge, or install it on racks. Waterproofing material (with a slight sag) is stretched onto the rafters and the sheathing is filled. Then they are attached roofing sheets. The joint between the roof of the extension and the wall of the building can be sealed with mastic or foamed.
- The junction between the foundation of the extension and the base of the house, if they are not rigidly fastened, should be laid with a strip of roofing material.
- All wooden elements of the building are pre-treated with an antiseptic against fungus and a composition that increases the fire resistance of the material.
- It is best to build a cobblestone extension in the cold season. In winter, this material shrinks less.
- When assembling an extension of any type, you should use only galvanized fasteners. This will extend the life of the entire structure.
The construction of extensions, as you can see from the article, is a completely simple matter. The most important thing is to comply with all required technologies. In this case, you will get a reliable, durable and convenient structure.
Without first obtaining permits, adding an extension to a house yourself is an illegal increase in the area of the home. It cannot be legitimized in fact if it violates the interests of neighbors, is built from materials that do not meet SNiP standards, and is located near underground utilities. The optimal solution is registration before the start of work with preliminary design by specialists.
Extension to the house – perfect solution to expand the free space in a country house of any type. It is important that all construction work can be completed independently.
Of course, this will require certain construction skills and knowledge of work technologies, but there is nothing particularly difficult about it. The help of specialists may be required at the design stage of the structure, as well as when connecting communications inside the structure. In addition, certain problems often arise when legitimizing an extension with regulatory authorities.
The attachment can perform a variety of functions.
Most often, an extension is built to form an additional room, summer kitchen, garage, veranda, terrace, canopy, porch. There are a huge number of options - everything will depend on personal requirements and wishes. Of course, building something will be very difficult from a technological point of view, but often all construction is done with one’s own hands.
The main thing here is to correctly construct the foundation, walls, roof, insulate and isolate the room from moisture, and also correctly attach the new foundation to the old one.
Types of extensions for country houses
Before starting any construction work, it is necessary to clearly determine the type of construction, because making an extension to the house is possible only if you have a clear plan and project. There are several of the most common types of extensions in our country:
Canopy
This is the simplest and most inexpensive extension for a country house from all points of view. Main functional task similar design– ensuring the protection of people and things located under the canopy from sun rays, rain and other precipitation. Under such a canopy it will be good to relax in the warm season and have lunch, or you can park your car.
Carport.
An important advantage of installing a canopy is that the construction of a foundation is not required, because support pillars (made of metal, wood, concrete) will act as the base. The canopy frame is attached to these supports.
Summer room
To form summer room More capital construction will be required than in the case of a canopy. Such rooms are intended for relaxation in the warm season, gatherings, reading books, etc. Naturally, a foundation will be required.
It is recommended to use a columnar or strip base, depending on the type of building material and the dimensions of the room. To create walls, boards, foam concrete blocks, and frame panels are usually used. For better lighting, the walls and roof, entirely or partially, can be made of glass.
Summer room.
Such an extension usually has a pitched or gable roof. It is recommended to use the lightest roofing material. Installation thermal insulation materials, as a rule, is not carried out, because such premises are not used during the cold season.
Living room
Before adding a room to the house, it is necessary to complete all the required calculations and draw up a project. In this case, a thorough approach will be required, involving the construction of a foundation, capital construction of walls and roofs, installation of waterproofing and thermal insulation materials, and supply of all necessary communications.
Warm living room.
Particular attention is paid to insulating the premises, so that one could live here in winter without spending a lot of energy on heating.
Kitchen
As a rule, extensions are not intended to accommodate a kitchen. Such a structure must be capital, so it needs to be insulated as efficiently as possible.
Kitchen made of wood.
Such an extension can only be built correctly using a high-quality project created by professionals, because the kitchen needs all communications: sewerage, water supply, electricity, gas, ventilation system. This, of course, leads to serious financial costs, which not everyone is ready for.
Garage
Using an extension to create a garage is a very common trend in last years. The garage will require the construction of a strip or monolithic foundation, and for the construction of walls, foam concrete blocks or bricks are usually used.
Two garages.
The roof, in most cases, is made of profiled sheets or metal tiles, slate or roofing felt. Mandatory communications for a garage are a ventilation system and heating.
Connection of an extension with a country house
Many people spend a long time choosing where to add a new room to their home, so that it would be easier to connect it with the main building. Here you have to choose from two options:
- Independent building. In the event that difficult conditions are observed in the area ground conditions(for example, heaving soils or high level), then it is recommended to build an independent structure that will not be connected in any way to the main house. In this case, the extension and the main structure have no points of contact, so they do not depend on each other. In this case, the minimum possible distance is maintained between the two buildings, which is a technological gap that must be filled with thermal insulation and waterproofing materials.
- Implementation of an extension to the structure of an old building. Such a solution involves a certain amount of labor, because construction will require compliance with all necessary technologies and carrying out many calculations and studies. First of all, you will need to properly build and insulate the foundation, which must be correctly connected to the base country house. This is usually done using reinforced rods. Using approximately the same technology, the walls and roof of structures are connected.
Features of roof construction for an extension to a house
The roof of an extension to a house can have any shape - here again everything will depend on the requirements and wishes of the owners. At the same time, most often country homeowners choose a pitched roof because it is simple to implement, easy to insulate on your own, it combines well with other types of roofs that the main structure may have, and also removes precipitation well, preventing the entire structure from experiencing additional loads.
To ensure that rainfall from the roof of the extension drains normally, the design of the roof involves installing a roof slope of 20 degrees or more.
In addition, special attention must be paid to installing the roof of the extension under the roof of a country house. If everything is done correctly, the wall located between the extension and the country house will be protected from water entering through the joint between the two structures. In addition, the roof of the extension must be extremely harmoniously combined with the roofing material of the main building and fit harmoniously into the exterior of the building, without standing out from the general background.
During the design process, it is very important to correctly calculate the load that the roof structure will provide. The weight of the rafters should be taken into account, roofing material and other structural elements used in the construction of the roof.
It is important to understand that an extension to a house on screw piles or pillars is not designed for too heavy loads, unlike a monolithic or strip concrete foundation. You also need to insulate the roof (you can insulate it using any suitable thermal insulation materials, with which it is recommended to cover the top with waterproofing).
How to legalize construction?
Building an extension to an old or new country house is half the battle. Any additional premises erected on a land plot must be documented and obtain permission to carry out construction work from regulatory authorities.
An extension to a house with your own hands can be done in any way you like - no one will force you to invite builders, however, the country homeowner must present to the employees of the regulatory services a competently drawn up design of the building.
The procedure for completing all documentation for an extension to the old one country house usually takes from several months to a year.
An interesting point is that you can start collecting documents and obtaining a building permit after all the work is completed. This is permitted by current law.
At the same time, when reviewing documents, employees of the regulatory authority may have some complaints that will have to be corrected (for example, the location of the building relative to underground communications or the use of inappropriate building materials).
Let's consider buildings to the house and not extensions
A pergola is the simplest structure and an excellent place to relax.
A barbecue is a great place for entertaining guests and celebrating.
Quite often it happens that the construction of a private house was carried out without the construction of outbuildings, but then the need for them arose. Modern house designs often assume only the utilitarian function of the house - people will live there. And what if the person will also conduct some kind of economic activity - no. In addition, sometimes there is an urgent need to increase the living space of the house. An extension made of foam blocks, a brick extension, a wooden one - the creation of these structures will help solve this issue once and for all.
Types of extensions
The type of building is determined depending on what exactly should be in it. This could be a room, a toilet, a garage, a kitchen, or anything. By the way, in central Russia you can often find a structure in the form of a greenhouse in which you can grow fruits and vegetables even in winter.
Diagram of the garage-extension
After all, in this case, you can easily get everything you need from home. engineering Communication. Of course, the construction of a structure must be approved, even if we are talking about wooden terraces or simply adding a veranda to the house.
Creating a project and choosing the location of the extension
Projects and construction of such structures involve the following stages:
As for the choice of materials, it is better to be guided by the following rule: you need to create projects and build an extension from the same materials that the house itself consists of.
Construction of a frame house in section
For example, if you need to attach terraces to a wooden house, then it would be better if it was wooden. Of course, this rule cannot always be observed.
Let's say a person wants to raise chickens, he needs a high-quality, windproof, warm brick extension. In this case, this option should be preferred, despite the fact that the house is wooden.
Options for the location of extensions to a standard wooden house
Estimate calculation
Actually, drawing up the estimate itself is not so difficult, it is necessary to take into account the following:
An example of a veranda attached to a wooden house
Construction estimates should be drawn up immediately after the projects are ready, regardless of whether terraces will be added or just wooden utility blocks. This will avoid unpleasant surprises in the future.
Construction of the foundation and connection of the foundation
In Russia, bathhouses are often attached to wooden houses.
Even the construction of an ordinary terrace for a wooden house involves the creation of a new foundation for it. The option of lengthening the old foundation disappears immediately: it is impossible to do this, but connecting both foundations into a single whole later is not only possible, but also necessary.
For example, even for wooden terraces you will need to make exactly the same foundation as the main house. So, first you need to decide on the type of foundation itself.
General scheme frame house pediment devices
Actually, there are 3 foundation options that can be used as a base for an extension:
- Monolithic;
- Columnar;
- Tape.
Columnar foundations are used extremely rarely in Russia, since they can only be installed on very hard soils such as mountains.
It can be used, for example, to build a gazebo, but such structures are usually not attached to the house, but placed next to it. By the way, for a gazebo, instead of a foundation, you can use old tires - this will be quite enough.
Layout of a foam block extension
For permanent buildings and garages, reliable and durable foundation structures are needed. Mainly prefabricated and monolithic strips or monolithic slab. When using poles and screw piles, it is necessary to tie it with a grillage, and to protect the space under the floor, cover it with basement siding with insulation made of basalt mineral wool or other similar insulation materials. At the top of the foundation it is necessary horizontal waterproofing from roll waterproofing materials (glass insulation, waterproofing, rubemast or roofing felt).
A good option is a frame extension to the house. The frame is constructed from wooden blocks filled with insulation (for example, mineral wool boards) and thick cladding moisture resistant plywood, OSB boards or other materials. Attached building can be performed with window openings. Doorway The internal one is more convenient, which allows access to the attached part without going outside. But an entry device directly from the street is also acceptable.
The roof is most often constructed with a pitched roof. It is important to ensure that snow does not accumulate at the junction, so the roof is made with a slope angle of ≥ 25 degrees. The canopy is most often covered with sheets of monolithic polycarbonate or ondulin.
The floor, depending on the purpose of the room, can be concrete (mainly in garages, workshops and storerooms), wood, lined with porcelain stoneware or tiles. “Warm floors” are often installed.
It is recommended to construct garage walls from non-combustible products (brick, concrete or lightweight concrete blocks) with a ceiling reinforced concrete slabs or corrugated sheets. It is imperative to provide a number of ventilation holes.
How to connect an extension to a house
Connecting an existing building with an extension is one of the most critical moments of construction. If construction technologies are not followed, cracks will inevitably form in the junctions, opening up to large cracks. This is caused by the difference effective loads and the complete absence or slowdown of settlement of the foundation of an old house.
Connection of the attached part is carried out in the following two options:
- WITH expansion joint without direct contact of foundations, walls and roof. Recommended for problem soils (peat or clay). A gap is provided between the structures, which is later filled with elastic heat and waterproofing materials. It is permissible to lay a board treated with several layers of bitumen mastic. The resulting seam is covered with decorative inserts. It is imperative to eliminate the opportunity for education “ snow bags” on the roof at the junction points.
- Inclusion of all constructs in joint work. The new foundation is laid at the same depth as the existing one. It is used on bases made of soils that are not subject to heaving. The contacting surface of the old one is cleaned of soil soil, a layer of waterproofing and notching is performed using a hammer drill. IN drilled holes The reinforcing bars are driven tightly and the holes are sealed. The resulting mortgages are connected by welding to the reinforcement frame of the foundation of the extension, and concreting is carried out with thorough compaction of the mixture using deep vibrator. Brick walls are connected in the same way. The rods are placed every two rows in the seams of the new masonry. Wooden structures are fastened with steel bolts or studs with double-sided threads, complete with wide washers, nuts and locknuts. To match the roof, it will be necessary to remove part of the roofing and jointly fasten the rafters and beams of the house and the extension with the addition of new additional nodes and racks. In some cases, it may be necessary to build a common rafter system or replacement with elements of longer length.
The second option is more complex, labor-intensive and costly, although it cannot be guaranteed that the joints will not come apart over time.
Depending on the design, materials of the existing house and the purpose of the attached premises, the foundation type, material and thickness of the walls, rafter system and roofing materials for the new building are selected.
Before deciding how to build an extension, you need to consider everything possible nuances future construction and are guaranteed to protect yourself from possible administrative sanctions.
Advantages of an extension compared to a free-standing building
- Reducing the amount of work required to install utilities (electricity, water supply, heating, sewerage, ventilation).
- Less material consumption and cost of construction, since at least one already existing wall is used.
- Rational use of the territory without cluttering with additional buildings.
- Additional insulation, preventing cold air from penetrating directly into the house and reducing heat loss.
Do you dream of increasing your living space, but don’t know which extension to choose? A beautiful and functional extension allows you to make your home more spacious by adding the necessary square meters. To find the veranda option that meets your expectations and the architecture of the place, use photo ideas for house extensions. 
How to make an extension to a house?
If you have a private house, then in most cases you can always increase your living space thanks to an extension. Do you want a custom porch tailored to your needs? Consider the following photos of home facades to make your dream come true. 
Based on the budget allocated for the extension
Extending your home can be expensive, depending on the project you're considering. However, it is always possible to find a solution for all levels of funding, even within minimum budget. For more or less well-endowed projects, it would be better to prefer installing a veranda for the construction of a large extension. Attic development projects are in the middle of the price range, provided they don't have to deal with too much structural problems, such as access, etc. Finally, the largest expansion projects overseen by the architect are in the high price range.
Choosing the right option
Construction of a veranda requires organization. You should definitely ask the experts what is allowed or not allowed in your home, consult regarding the extension, voicing your desires - an additional room all year round, a relaxation area, a kitchen, a spa, etc. Be sure to follow the technical or regulatory details that need to be taken into account . You will have a clear idea of what kind of extension can be built by forecasting the family budget. 
Lots of possibilities
Home extension or extension: a solution to expand space without a huge investment. Create a new bedroom, study, new kitchen or living room for home reorganization. Modern architects work for most extension projects. But be careful as any expansion project, be it simply adding a room, installing a veranda or implementing an elevation, must be carried out in compliance with certain rules.
Extension to a private house: several solutions
You can expand the area of the house thanks to an extension, which can be separate from the common rooms, acting as a separate corridor, or complement the space of the living room. 
Side room extension
This is the preferred solution for owners of fairly spacious land. A side room extension allows you to add volume to your home with priority to create or change area, providing a connection between two rooms (old and new). You can then let your imagination run wild when choosing the style of new construction.
Entrance corridor
If you maintain separation of the extension from the main living environment in the house, then the veranda will be in the form of a cozy corridor, which is especially useful in winter due to the warmth from the street. Being a less used room in winter evenings, you need to heat an extension of this type to a minimum. 
Living room addition
Unless you separate the veranda from the existing enclosure, for example by knocking down a wall to create a larger space, heating will need to be provided, even with good insulation. The design of the veranda also depends on the destination. Attached room can complement the kitchen or living room. 
Functional extension to the house
The use and placement of the porch will also affect the overall layout of the house. In some cases you may need to change some existing rooms to make the extension more functional. Consider photo examples that allow you to consider several options for verandas for living and relaxing, both open and closed. Both options will help create bright and comfortable spaces, which facilitate daily life. The original extension of the house optimizes the living comfort of all family members. 
Closed extension
The closed type of extension perfectly serves as an additional room, if you take care of it interior design and insulation. Such an addition will not only harmoniously decorate the facade of the house, but will also increase the comfort of the living interior space. 
Open veranda
If you want to beautifully decorate the entrance to the house, increasing the porch area, creating a comfortable seating area on outdoors in the summer, then a non-glazed extension will help you with this. The veranda can be arranged garden furniture, where you will enjoy the peace and tranquility of the surrounding garden. Such extensions are especially popular for country houses and country houses. 
Verandas are the easiest option for expanding a house
Building a veranda is relatively the easy way change the square footage of your home. Pouring out cement board, and the porch becomes ready for assembly by the contractor. The wall to which the veranda adjoins must be reinforced, since it is load-bearing. Modern extension is a high-class structure with ornaments, pediments, whose charm will certainly attract everyone. You can choose both standard versions of the veranda and unusual ones, connecting the room with the living room or dining room. For good comfort, underfloor heating, blinds and year-round maintenance are necessary. 
Expanding your home with an extension is a solution that will bring additional value to your home in case of resale, but will also allow you to improve your living conditions. To carry out this work, it is necessary to select the most suitable project, remembering to comply with the necessary administrative procedures and other urban planning restrictions. An extension to a house is a fairly commonly used solution for expanding living space. If the architecture of the building and the area of the landscape allow for such an addition, then be sure to take this chance.
Reading time ≈ 4 minutes
A private house over time, it needs expansion - there is a need to expand the kitchen, add a veranda or arrange an additional room. Therefore, the owner of the house has a question - how to make an extension to the house with your own hands? Below are the stages of construction using frame technology.
Advantages of frame technology
A frame extension to a house has important advantages:
- low cost and minimal amount of building materials;
- work is completed quickly;
- there is no need to build a massive foundation.
Schemes and drawings of the extension project are understandable to any novice builder. The technology is similar to assembling a construction set, but the end result is a comfortable and cozy additional room.
Preparatory work
Construction of an extension to the house begins with preparatory activities. Carefully inspect the construction site, remove all debris and vegetation from it, mark the area and stock up the following materials and tools:
- metal pipes for supports;
- components for concrete mixture- sand, cement, gravel;
- self-tapping screws, nails, metal corner for fastening;
- boards for logs 5 cm thick and 15 cm wide;
- perfectly processed boards for finishing flooring;
- natural wooden lining for walls;
- block 50 mm;
- concrete mixer;
- hammer, screwdriver, building level, rope and circular saw;
- block house under a log for cladding the extension outside;
- metal tiles for the roof.
Be sure to provide a drainage system under the extension. To do this, compact the soil under the veranda and make a slope in this place to drain water. Below is step-by-step instruction construction of an extension.
Step-by-step instructions for building an extension to a house
1. Installation of supports. Nail it to the wall of the house wooden board at least 5 cm wide, which will become a support. Along the edges of the marked area for construction, install wooden structures- “cast-offs.” They need to be installed a little further than the marked area. Stretch a strong rope over them. Make sure the dimensions of the markings are correct so that everything is at right angles.
2. Dig a trench along the width of the foundation, one meter deep. Prepare cement mixture from sand, gravel and cement with the addition of water. Make wooden formwork. Start installing support pillars, make the distance between the pillars no more than 1.5 m. Place a cushion of gravel about 10 cm thick at the bottom of the trench. Cut the pipes in advance and install them vertically in the hole, fixing them with boards. Next, fill the gaps between the support posts and the walls of the trench with the prepared solution. To ensure that the vertical position of the pipe in the pit is not disturbed, secure the supports with spacers and wait three days for the solution to harden. After it hardens, the formwork can be removed.
3. Creating a floor. At the next stage of creating an extension to a wooden house with your own hands, take boards for the joists. Two boards are mounted to the supports with metal fastening corners at the end of the extension - place the rest between them. When installing joists, do not forget to check them horizontal arrangement level. Transverse logs are mounted using 120 mm nails and grooves to the longitudinal part of the extension foundation.
4. Installation of the base for the walls and roof. The work begins with screwing the beams to the base of the floor using dowels and a hammer drill. The side beams are nailed to the walls. Videos and photos of this work can be found in our article. The stability of the structure is ensured by diagonal beams laid at the outer corners. Don't forget to mark the door and window openings. The entire structure is reinforced with transverse insert lintels. From the outside, the base of the extension is covered with a block house. It is advisable to lay a layer of glassine on the sheathing boards before covering; it will protect the building from moisture.
5. Arrangement of the roof. After installing windows and doors, the roof is covered with metal tiles. Cover the area where the roof adjoins the building with a galvanized iron apron.
6. Interior work. A do-it-yourself extension to the house will soon be built, only interior work remains. The walls and ceiling are covered with natural wooden clapboard. Before this, they can be insulated with penofol. To create a floor, you first need to make a rough floor. A rough block is laid on the sides of the floor joists, and the edged boards. Insulation in the form of mineral wool is placed on them, and then proceed with the installation of the finished floor.
We hope that our instructions helped you learn how to build an extension to your house. If you carefully study the sequence of work and properly prepare building materials and tools, as well as be patient, you can easily make a beautiful veranda yourself.
Video of building an extension to a house with your own hands
Quite often it happens that the construction of a private house was carried out without the construction of outbuildings, but then the need for them arose. Modern house designs often assume only the utilitarian function of the house - people will live there. And what if the person will also conduct some kind of economic activity - no. In addition, sometimes there is an urgent need to increase the living space of the house. An extension made of foam blocks, a brick extension, a wooden one - the creation of these structures will help solve this issue once and for all.
Types of extensions
The type of building is determined depending on what exactly should be in it. This could be a room, a toilet, a garage, a kitchen, or anything. By the way, in central Russia you can often find a structure in the form of a greenhouse in which you can grow fruits and vegetables even in winter.
Diagram of the garage-extension Indeed, in this case, all the necessary engineering communications can be easily extended from the house. Of course, the construction of a structure must be approved, even if we are talking about wooden terraces or simply adding a veranda to the house.
Creating a project and choosing the location of the extension
Projects and construction of such structures involve the following stages:
As for the choice of materials, it is better to be guided by the following rule: you need to create projects and build an extension from the same materials that the house itself consists of.
Construction of a frame house in section For example, if you need to attach terraces to a wooden house, then it would be better if it was wooden. Of course, this rule cannot always be observed.
Let's say a person wants to raise chickens, he needs a high-quality, windproof, warm brick extension. In this case, this option should be preferred, despite the fact that the house is wooden.
Options for the location of extensions to a standard wooden house Estimate calculation
Actually, drawing up the estimate itself is not so difficult, it is necessary to take into account the following:
An example of a veranda attached to a wooden house 
Construction estimates should be drawn up immediately after the projects are ready, regardless of whether terraces will be added or just wooden utility blocks. This will avoid unpleasant surprises in the future.
Construction of the foundation and connection of the foundation
In Russia, bathhouses are often attached to wooden houses. Even the construction of an ordinary terrace for a wooden house involves the creation of a new foundation for it. The option of lengthening the old foundation disappears immediately: it is impossible to do this, but connecting both foundations into a single whole later is not only possible, but also necessary.
For example, even for wooden terraces you will need to make exactly the same foundation as the main house. So, first you need to decide on the type of foundation itself.
General diagram of the gable structure of a frame house Actually, there are 3 foundation options that can be used as a base for an extension:
- Monolithic;
- Columnar;
- Tape.
Columnar foundations are used extremely rarely in Russia, since they can only be installed on very hard soils such as mountains.
It can be used, for example, to build a gazebo, however, such buildings are usually not attached to the house, but placed next to it. By the way, for a gazebo, instead of a foundation, you can use old tires - this will be quite enough.
Layout of a foam block extension A monolithic foundation will be the most durable, however, its installation is not always advisable.
Monolithic - the most solid foundation, as they say, “for centuries.” However, the cost of its construction, as you might guess, will amount to a tidy sum, and the labor costs will be very, very impressive. In general, it is better to choose a classic strip foundation, which is ideal for any extension to a wooden house.
Placement of communications
An example of a garage extension to a wooden house As noted above, placing any communications in the extension is as easy as shelling pears, because the room will be adjacent directly to the house itself. What does this mean?
For example, it is enough to just extend the existing water supply, sewerage or heating system - that’s it, no foundation pits or grueling welding work. The same applies to gaskets electrical wiring, which probably even the most careless worker can implement with the help of a hammer drill.
It’s a different matter if we are talking about really complex engineering systems. Let’s say you need to install a branch from the main gas pipeline into the extension. Firstly, no one will let you do it yourself.
Construction of a veranda attached to the house Secondly, this will require, speaking without exaggeration, colossal expenditures. So it's worth thinking about. For example, in Kuban you can often find kitchen extensions to wooden houses.
And even if gas is installed in the house itself, there will still be a gas cylinder or the same in the extension electric stove(the oven is also a common option). Such nuances must be taken into account.
Communication with other premises
The question of how to make an extension to a house, even if we are talking about such a type of work as adding a veranda or another extension made of timber, should also involve solving the problem of communication between the attached structure and the rest of the house.
There are 2 solutions to this problem:
Covered terrace – great option extensions - An extension to a house made of timber can communicate with the house using doorway made in the main wall of the house;
- The entrance can be from the street (an extension to a house made of timber makes it easy to implement both options, but another material made of wood does not).
In the first case, the solution will be convenient, because, in fact, the living area of the entire house increases. But there is one extremely important nuance: the approval process in this case can last for many months, because changes must be made to many documents.
And the load-bearing wall of the house can be seriously damaged. If the owner of the house is ready for such a development of events, then, of course, it is better for him to prefer this option rather than any other.
Cutting an opening in a load-bearing wall must be done with extreme caution!
If Money If there is not enough and there is no desire to go through the bureaucratic circles of hell, then the option with an entrance from the courtyard will not be so bad. Moreover, in terms of cost it will be much cheaper.
Video
You can watch a video on how to make a frame extension to a wooden house.
Over time, some private buildings require expansion for various reasons. For example, an increase in the number of occupants, installation of a sewer system in the house, or the need to close front door from direct exposure to cold. Therefore, there is a need for an additional room, expanding the kitchen, creating a room for a bathroom, or simply building a veranda.
A do-it-yourself extension to a house can be made of wood, brick, or a combination that includes several building materials.
Premises requirements
So that you don't have to attached room When making additional changes, it is better to immediately think through all the nuances of the extension, since each of them requires a special approach.
Additional room
If you need to add another living room to the house, you will have to try, since this work is almost equivalent to building small house. The floors, walls and ceiling of the building must be well insulated, otherwise the heating installed in it will not be effective - this is one of the main conditions for a living space. The second important condition for normal living is the absence of dampness in the room, which means reliable waterproofing is needed.
Kitchen or bathroom
When constructing these premises, before installing the foundation, utilities are brought to the construction site - in particular - sewer pipes. You may have to install the water supply separately.
In addition, it is also worth paying attention to the insulation of all elements of the structure, and think about reliable waterproofing of the floor.
Veranda
A veranda is a lightweight structure that mainly serves to protect the main entrance to the house from wind and rain or is used for summer recreation. It may be closed, have a door and one or more windows, and May be and completely open, that is, it consists of a flooring, low walls and a roof raised on pillars.
This structure does not require special insulation, but it will still be necessary to waterproof the foundation.
Construction of the foundation for the extension
The foundation for the extension can be strip, made of brick or stone blocks, or columnar. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. To settle on one of them, you need to find out how each structure works and choose the one that is more suitable for a particular extension.
Information about building the foundation
Strip foundation
So, the strip foundation is arranged in the following sequence:
- First you need to mark and trace the place where the extension will be installed. This is done using a rope, which is stretched on the ground and secured with pegs.
- Next, following the markings, a trench is dug to the same depth as the foundation of the entire house. Before pouring concrete, it would be a good idea to secure the reinforcement that connects the foundations of the main building and the extension.
- The width of the trench should be 100-150 mm greater than the planned wall thickness.
- After the trench has been dug, further preparation begins. First, the bottom is filled with a sand cushion 100-120 mm thick. It must be compacted thoroughly.
- The next layer is filled with crushed stone or broken brick, which is also compacted using a manual tamper.
- Next, waterproofing is laid in a trench along the entire perimeter, which should extend to the ground surface by 40-50 cm, since it should cover not only inner part foundation, but also formwork for its above-ground part.
- A welded reinforcement structure is installed on the waterproofing film, which should follow the shape of the foundation, and over its entire height.
- Then the reinforcement is filled with rough concrete mortar made of cement and gravel, to ⅓ of the height of the trench, and after this layer hardens, the next one is poured to one-half of the remaining height.
Installation of formwork for strip foundations - After filling this layer, you can work on the device wooden formwork to form the above-ground part of the foundation - the plinth. The waterproofing film is left inside the formwork, spread along its walls and secured on top of them so that it does not slide into the concrete.
- Concrete is poured into the prepared formwork to the top. Then the solution is pierced in several places with a shovel so that there are no air cavities left inside it. You can lightly tap the formwork - such vibration will help the concrete to compact as much as possible.
- Having completed pouring the foundation, the concrete is leveled to the required level and left to dry, sprinkled with water daily to strengthen it.
- After the concrete has completely hardened, the formwork is removed and the foundation is waterproofed from the outside.
- Before starting the construction of walls, it is recommended to additionally cover the foundation with waterproofing compounds or roll materials. For this process, liquid rubber, tar, bitumen mastic and roofing felt.
- The space inside the strip foundation can also be equipped in different ways - concrete screed or a flooring of floor beams and joists with a wooden floor installed on them.
Video - construction of an extension to a house on a strip foundation
Columnar foundation
In addition to a strip foundation, a columnar foundation can be constructed, which is built from brick or concrete, or a combination of these materials. This option is mainly used for the construction of verandas or additional living rooms, since communications associated with water supply or drainage in an uninsulated or even open underground will require additional thermal insulation.
A columnar foundation is most often installed if it is planned to install a boardwalk.
The work is carried out in several stages:
- The first step is marking the area chosen for the extension. The pillars should be one and a half meters apart from each other.
- Excavations are dug for each pillar separately. Their depth should be 500-600 mm, with a square side of 500 × 500 mm. Towards the top, the pits should widen slightly - about 100 mm on each side.
Foundation pillar installation diagram - Next, the bottom is strengthened in the same way as when installing a strip foundation, using sand and crushed stone, and waterproofing is laid.
- If the support pillars will be built from brick, it is recommended to lay a layer of coarse cement mortar on the bottom. Only after waiting for it to harden, do brickwork.
- If the pillars are concrete, a reinforcement structure and formwork are installed at the bottom of the pits to the height of the future pillar. The waterproofing film is placed inside the formwork and secured on top of it;
- Concrete is poured into the formwork in layers. Each layer must set well before the next one is poured;
- The top of the column is well leveled and sprinkled with water daily until it hardens completely;
- After the pillars are ready, the formwork is removed from them and they waterproofed roofing material, which is glued onto heated bitumen mastic.
- Make a gap in the gap remaining between the soil and the pillars backfill, compacting every 100-150 mm of backfilled soil mixed with crushed stone.
- Several layers of roofing material are laid on each of the pillars - it is necessary for waterproofing the wooden blocks that will be laid on top of the pillars.
Installation of the base floor of the extension
If a strip foundation is chosen, both wooden and concrete floors can be installed on it. A columnar foundation without lintels requires the installation of a wooden floor.
Concrete floor
To make a reliable and warm floor screed inside a strip foundation, you need do work step by step, adhering to a certain technology.
- To begin with, excess soil is selected from inside the finished strip foundation. It is first loosened and then removed to a depth of approximately 250-350 mm.
- A ten-centimeter sand cushion is poured and compacted onto the bottom of the resulting pit. Crushed stone can be laid on top of it, but to insulate the screed, instead of crushed stone, expanded clay is used, poured in a layer of 15-20 cm.
- Expanded clay is leveled, and a reinforcing grid is laid on it. After its installation, a system of beacons is installed on top at the selected horizontal level. Some rooms, such as a bathroom or open terrace, may also require a certain slope of the surface for the unhindered flow of water falling on the floor to the drainage system.
- Next, cement mortar is laid out on the prepared surface and leveled using the rule. After a day it can be covered plastic film- then the concrete will mature more evenly, which will give it additional strength.
When the walls of the extension are erected, any decorative coating or wooden floor.
Floor on wooden beams
- Floor beams are wooden blocks of fairly large thickness, about 150 × 100 mm in cross section. You cannot skimp on them, since the overall strength of the floor will depend on their reliability.
- Beams are laid on pillars or strip foundations, on top of a fabricated roofing felt substrate, and can be fixed to concrete different ways- using through fasteners, corners and other metal devices. The beams at the intersection points are also fastened together using strong corners.
- They will hold securely because wood flooring The “black” and “white” floor also serves as a kind of binding fastening.
Video: construction of a frame extension with a wooden floor
Construction of extension walls
Brick or frame walls can be built on a finished strip foundation, while a columnar foundation is mainly used for frame buildings. If you plan to make brickwork on the pillars, then you will have to make additional concrete lintels between the pillars.
Frame walls
- The frame for future walls is erected from timber and secured to the previously installed crown beams. The beams can be attached to the beams separately, but sometimes it is much more convenient to assemble the wall elements in a horizontal position, on a flat area, and then install them in a vertical position already assembled.
- To connect the frame to the wall of the house, a perfectly accurate vertical marking is made on it, along which a separate block or assembled frame element will be fixed.
- For reliability, all bars are connected to each other with metal corners.
- Having installed the entire frame of the extension, it is better to immediately cover it with boards or plywood (OSB) on the outside. Sheathing will immediately make the structure more rigid.
- The upper horizontal beam running along the house is attached to main wall using reliable metal corners or anchor fastenings.
- Insulation of the walls is carried out after the installation of the roof.
Video: another example of building a light extension to a house
Brick walls
- Before you start building brick walls, you need to carefully check the horizontalness of the foundation surface and, if necessary, level it to perfection. If the base is uneven, the masonry may crack due to deformation during shrinkage.
- It should be noted that brick extensions are best made to also brick house. To connect an extension to main wall, in it during the construction of walls, holes are drilled to two-thirds of the depth, every two or three rows of masonry. Reinforcement is embedded in them, which should protrude from the wall by about half a meter. It should be in the seams of the future masonry. To ensure that the seams in these rows are not excessively wide, the reinforcement must be chosen not too thick, or you will have to make a recess in the bricks of the row on which the reinforcement will be laid.
- If a brick extension is built to wooden wall, then a hole is drilled through it, into which reinforcement with a transverse stopper is installed from inside the house, which will hold it in the wall. The reinforcement is also installed as the wall is erected, every two or three rows.
- Before starting masonry, a string is stretched along the future wall, along which it will be easy to control the horizontality of the rows, and the verticality is constantly verified using a plumb line.
- The thickness of the walls will depend on what function the extension will perform. If this is a living room, then the masonry should be at least one or two bricks. If the room will serve as a veranda or utility room, then half-brick masonry will be sufficient.
- Having built brick walls, they are tied along the entire top with a concrete belt. Formwork is made for it, a reinforcement structure is laid in it and poured with concrete mortar. After the solution has completely hardened, the formwork is removed from the belt, and you can begin installing the ceiling.
It should be noted that building brick walls is not as easy as it seems, therefore, if you have no experience in this work, it is better to entrust this process to a qualified mason or choose a different type of wall.
Extension ceiling and roofing
After erecting the walls, it is necessary to do ceiling. For it you will need bars - beams, which are installed on top part walls, at a distance of 60-70 cm from each other, and secured with special corners.
If the beams are laid on a brick building, they can be embedded in a concrete belt, having first wrapped the edge of each of them with roofing felt.
The next step is to line the beams with boards or thick plywood, on which insulation will be laid on top, between the beams.
The roof of the extension can have different designs, but generally the lean-to option is chosen, which is worth considering.
- This structure consists of rafters on which the roof is laid. This type of roof is quite simple to install; the main thing is to choose the correct slope angle. It must be no less than 25 — 30 degrees - this is necessary so that precipitation in winter does not linger on the surface, otherwise it can simply damage it.
- Having determined the slope angle, a mark is made on the wall or façade of the roof in the form of a horizontal, even line along which the block supporting the rafters in the upper part will be attached. The lower support for them will be the previously laid floor beams or the edge of the wall. The rafters should extend beyond the boundaries of the constructed walls by 250 — 300 mm, in order to protect the walls as much as possible from rainwater.
- The rafters are also secured using metal corners.
- It will be more difficult to resolve the issue of roof slope if the extension is installed on the side on which the slope of the main building of the house is located, since cross beam there will simply be nothing there. Therefore, it may be necessary to remove several lower rows (sheets) of roofing material from the roof of the house in order to use its beams to secure the rafter system and combine the overall covering.
- You need to decide in advance what kind of roofing will be laid on top of the rafter system. If this happens soft roof or flexible tiles, then the rafters are laid on top and secured solid material, for example, plywood or frequent transverse lathing.
- If large sheets will be fixed (roofing iron, metal tiles, slate, etc.), then they can be overlapped with directly installed rafters.
- When the system under the covering material is ready, it is recommended to lay waterproofing on it. In the first case, plywood is covered with it, in the second, it is fixed to the rafters.
- Above waterproofing material the roofing is laid, starting from the bottom of the rafter system and rising to the top. If it is necessary to combine the roof, then when joining, the top row of the extension roof is slipped under the last row of the roof slope of the main building.
- If the roof adjoins the upper part of the roof to a wall or the front part of the roof, then the joint between them must be waterproofed.
- When the roof over the erected extension is ready, you can begin to insulate the walls and floor.
Prices for metal tiles
Metal tiles
Insulating the extension from the inside
If the room is residential, then reliable thermal insulation is indispensable. If the ceiling is already sheathed and insulated, then you can proceed to insulating the floor.
Floor insulation on beams
If the floor beams were installed on columnar foundation, then the work proceeds as follows:
- They are fixed to the floor beams cross beams from smaller bars.
- It is recommended to install a subfloor on the joists; in this case, it is better to lay the boards for it as a continuous flooring, otherwise the heat will be blown out of the house.
- Next is everything rough coating spreads thick enough clay mortar, and after drying, a vapor barrier film is laid on it.
- Place tightly between the joists mineral wool, expanded clay or slag is poured.
- On top, the insulation is again covered with a vapor barrier, and a wooden floor made of boards or plywood is laid on it.
- A decorative coating can be immediately laid on the plywood, or an infrared film floor can be installed underneath it.
Concrete floor
A concrete floor can be insulated as follows:
- Mineral wool laid between the fixed on concrete base lag and then covered with boards or plywood.
- One of the “warm floor” systems (electric or water), which fits into the final leveling screed;
- Infrared film laid on a thin thermo-reflective substrate, and covered with a decorative coating;
- Dry screed and gypsum fiber slabs.
When the floors are insulated, you can move on to thermal insulation of the walls.
Frame walls
- For internal wall insulation, mineral wool produced in mats is used. They are conveniently laid between the frame bars. This work is simple and can be done fairly quickly.
- When the walls are covered with insulation, it is tightened vapor barrier film, securing it to the bars with staples.
- Then the wall can be covered with natural wooden paneling, OSB boards or plywood, plasterboard or gypsum fiber board - there are a lot of options, there is plenty to choose from.
Expanded polystyrene can also be used as wall insulation, but environmental and performance it is much worse than that of high-quality mineral wool.
Brick walls
Brick walls are usually finished on the inside with plaster or plasterboard, and insulation is carried out on the outside, but it is also done differently.
Insulation, if space allows, can be carried out in the same way as in a frame building, by securing bars to the walls and laying mineral wool between them, and then covering the structure with plasterboard slabs. Wallpaper or any other decorative material can be glued to this coating.
To do everything right, you need to study in detail each stage of the construction of the extension and adhere to the developed technologies. If you don’t have confidence in your capabilities, or you feel a clear lack of skills and experience in construction, it is better to entrust this rather complex work to qualified craftsmen.
