Houses with a pitched roof: advantages, projects of one- and two-story houses and cottages. A pitched roof is an original, economical and beautiful choice. A two-story house in Finland with a pitched roof.
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Usually private cottages are built with gable roofs, but houses with are much less common. According to domestic experts, the reason for this preference is traditions in house construction that have developed over decades. In addition, projects for the development of suburban villages usually do not offer options for houses with pitched roofs. This trend does not indicate that pitched roofs have only disadvantages, on the contrary, residential buildings with such a roof structure stand out against the background of similar buildings and their construction is cheaper due to the reduction in the cost of creation rafter system.
Advantages of houses with pitched roofs
House project with pitched roof highly in demand in many European countries, especially Scandinavian ones, whose climate is similar to Russian weather conditions, due to a number of advantages, including:
Design options
The design of a residential building must be entrusted to a specialist, since he has at his disposal professional programs, and he will calculate the parameters of the truss structure.
There are many options for how a house project with a pitched roof might look, among them the following should be highlighted:
- building with a small attic space with a straight ceiling top floor. In this case, the thermal insulation of the roof is improved. True, it is more difficult to carry out a preventive inspection of the roof, as well as to maintain it, but increasing the height of the attic will improve the situation;
- a building without attic space, when the roof simultaneously serves ceiling. At the same time, the ceiling in the room is top floor will be uneven, but with an angle equal to the slope of the slope.
Small one-story houses with a pitched roof, as in the photo, are the most simple option, they are most often designed rectangular shape, the roof is made based on the difference in heights of opposite walls. Roofs with one slope are considered optimal solution for country houses or for houses in nature. Big size windows are inappropriate in this case, the design of the building is simple, and the construction cost is relatively low.
Sometimes projects plan to build country cottages with roofs complex configuration, having several slopes, which makes the cost of their construction much more expensive.
Example #1 . The project provides for 5 bedrooms and a standard room layout. There is no garage. Since there will be no attic, the second floor is made with a slope. The material for the walls is aerated concrete, for the ceiling they use reinforced concrete slabs, for the foundation - a monolithic reinforced concrete slab. To perform the cladding, tiles or bricks are used. Looks great combination of different materials having a different texture and color. For example, it could be brick and natural wood inserts. As for the furnishings of the rooms on the top floor, usually in the part where the ceiling has the smallest height (it cannot be less than 150 centimeters), the headboards of the beds are located.
There is also a garage for two cars, large balcony on the second floor (it is used in warm time years, if desired, they can be landscaped). On the ground floor there is small hallway, hall, kitchen, dining room, living room, office. There is also a toilet, a boiler room and an entrance to the garage, also provided. On the top floor there is a hall, 3 bedrooms, wardrobe/storage room, 2 bathrooms. Ground floor absent.
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Any construction ends with the construction of a roof. It should be noted that, along with strength and reliability, the aesthetic criterion when choosing a roof type is not in last place. Modern cottage with a pitched roof has an original and recognizable appearance and gives its owners the opportunity to make maximum use of its internal space.
Roof for such houses - lean-to, and it rests on walls that have different heights. A house with a pitched roof often has small sizes. Although the rafter system of its roof is quite light, but long spans the weight of the structure increases - and this affects its strength. The problem can be resolved if additional support elements are correctly calculated and installed.
It is recommended to equip a one-story house with a pitched roof with stone borders that protect the roof from being lifted by the wind. Almost only the drainage part of the roof remains open, while the other three appear to be inside the building, reliably protected by curbs. The top of the curbs must be covered, for example, with galvanized iron to protect the walls from precipitation, and, therefore, from dampness and mold, which gradually destroy the walls.
Calculation of the basic parameters of a pitched roof and its main advantages
It is the most accessible for both design and installation. But its basic parameters, primarily the angle of inclination, must be calculated as carefully as possible. Otherwise, the roof may suffer in winter from snow loads and even from its own weight.
The angle of inclination can vary between 5–60°. At smaller angles rafter legs will begin to sag too much and, accordingly, will not be able to withstand the load. The height of the back wall of the house is actually determined based on the angle of inclination.
The slope of the roof also depends on the materials planned for the construction of the roof deck. Minimum slope For roll materials is 5°, slate – 35°, etc. The smaller the angle of inclination, the lower the roof windage and the greater its efficiency. But such a roof must be waterproofed as much as possible, and in winter it must be constantly cleared of accumulated snow.
Maximum width one-story house with a pitched roof depends on whether it has internal load-bearing walls and additional supporting elements. For simplest design it is equal to 4.5 m, but if there is interior walls the width can be increased to 16 m or more.
A pitched roof has many undoubted advantages, among which are:
- ease of design;
- low windage - an advantage especially relevant for windy regions. The ramp is installed on the leeward side, and it provides excellent protection from wind and precipitation;
- economical construction - such a roof can be three times more economical than complex options in terms of lumber consumption; a pitched roof can solve the problem of some areas where there are certain restrictions on dumping snow on the road;
- although the design of such a roof is quite simple, this almost does not limit the designer’s imagination - by adding to its rafter system necessary elements, a roof of this type can be designed for buildings of, one might say, any configuration and width.
Features of shed roof rafters
The rafters are the frame through which the weight of the roof is distributed to the internal supports and walls. Its design depends on the location attic floors, internal supports, span size, etc. The sheathing of a pitched roof is laid on top of the rafters, and even higher is the roof itself.
Read also: truss system for a pitched roof: technological nuances during assembly.Construction of a truss system for a pitched roof
Rafters are calculated according to the following limit states:
- permissible deflection;
- bending strength.
On a note
If one of the parameters does not satisfy regulatory requirements, you will need to increase either the cross-section of the rafters or their number.
Wooden rafters are attached in this order:
- The beam with the design cross-section is installed “edge” - this way the resistance to deflection is maximized and fixed.
- The rafters are attached to the beam using self-tapping screws. To achieve greater strength of the connection, a slot is made in the rafters according to the shape of the beam, and they are made to “dress” one on top of the other.
- The rafters can also be fastened to the beams using squares, fixing them on the sides with self-tapping screws.
- Rafters lying at the end of the walls, which do not rest on the side, are fastened directly to the walls with screws with plugs or anchor bolts. For better fastening It is advisable to use a reinforced concrete strapping belt.
Metal rafters are secured in several ways:
- with self-tapping screws or anchor bolts - holes are drilled in the profile, holes are also made on the walls, where a plug is inserted, after which the rafters are tightened to the end;
- by welding - embedded parts, for example, plates with anchors, are inserted into the body of the reinforced concrete strapping belt. The pitch of the mortgages is chosen depending on the pitch of the rafters. Further metallic profile welded to the embedded parts - the size of the weld is determined depending on the size of the profile and the requirements for the strength and reliability of this seam.
Materials for the construction of a one-story house with a pitched roof
To build houses of this type, the following methods and technology are used:
- frame;
- frame-monolithic;
- monolithic.
They are best suited for its construction.
For the Russian region, houses with traditional gable roof. And during construction country houses there is no talk about it at all. Projects of such houses still often remain without deserved attention, although in fact, this kind of design allows not only to emphasize the character of the owners of the house, but also to save on materials, as well as expand your capabilities when decorating the house: both internal and external. We propose to consider the pros and some cons of houses with a pitched roof, as well as projects of one-story, two-story houses and cottages, with a photo selection attached to them.
Houses with a pitched roof: what are the advantages and disadvantages of buildings of this type
Traditionally, most owners of private houses and cottages prefer to design their homes with a traditional layout, and, accordingly, a gable roof. Projects of houses with a pitched roof are a rather rare occurrence in the world of construction, although it cannot be said that they are in some way inferior to everyone else. On the contrary, such designs look very original and are more profitable from an economic point of view.
Moreover, thanks to modern construction technologies and high-quality roofing materials, you can create an original and reliable home, which will fully justify the concept “a house is its own fortress,” delighting the owner with good quality and comfort.
Two-storey house with pitched roof Houses with a pitched roof are in great demand in the United States and European countries, especially in cold countries due to some of the features of such structures. Therefore, such houses are especially relevant for the predominantly cold climate of Russia.
The advantages of houses with a pitched roof include:
- Significant savings roofing material, as well as the material necessary for the construction of the truss structure. You can further reduce the cost of materials by using relatively inexpensive and fairly simple roofing materials, since they are not visible to the eye.
- Installation work for houses with a pitched roof is a fairly simple process, which allows you to do it yourself.
- Shed roof - perfect option for windy regions, since this design has low windage.
- The peculiarity of the roof design greatly simplifies the drainage of precipitation.
- Convenience of the roof for repair work if necessary.
- An excellent option for large houses.
- Can be fully used attic space, having designed an excellent attic with large windows.
But it was not without its drawbacks:
- The importance of accurately calculating the cross-section of all elements of the designed structure. Otherwise, the roof may simply not cope with the snow load.
- When designing a roof with a small angle of inclination, especially enhanced hydro- and thermal insulation will be required.
- Not particularly attractive appearance. In order to avoid this, you will have to use rather expensive roofing materials and carry out roofing in a particularly high quality manner.
Design features and operating rules
When building a house with a flat roof, there are several things to consider important features:
The pitched roof does not allow the installation attic space - If the project provides for a house without an attic and the roof is combined with the ceiling, then it is necessary to use roofing materials of particularly high quality and involve construction work construction professionals, so that the roof is made completely airtight and has good thermal insulation properties.
- If the attic is nevertheless provided according to the house design, then servicing the roof from the inside will be quite difficult and inconvenient due to the relatively low ceiling and the lower height of the roof from the top to the bottom edge.
- Difficulty of carrying out facade works. If the façade is of poor quality and roughly done, the house will simply look like a large barn. Small details will also have a significant impact on the appearance of the building.
Advice. Particular attention should be paid to decorative elements exterior finishing at home - all materials used must not only be highest quality, but a carefully selected color and texture range is also important. If a lot of additional details are provided, this will significantly reduce the requirements for facade finishing.
Since houses with a pitched roof are a rather unusual design solution, such a house should be operated without forgetting about proper and timely care of the roof:
- Clear the roof of snow more often, especially during heavy snowfalls and when the snow melts in the spring.
- Constantly monitor the condition structural elements roofs and eliminate any detected deficiencies or breakdowns in a timely manner.
Projects of houses with a pitched roof
For those who are ready to deviate from tradition and bring something new into their lives, designers offer original and high-quality solutions for the home. Let's look at them briefly.
One-story houses with a pitched roof. Similar design in the modern world building materials allows you to look at it in a new way. Projects with a pitched roof are perfect for those who want simplicity and at the same time originality in their home.
For a one-story house, the height of the roof is extremely important: the functionality and size of the attic space and the possibility of installing additional decorative elements. Very often, in projects for a house with a pitched roof, an additional roof is provided above the porch, inclined at the opposite side relative to the main roof.
One-story house with a flat roof Two-story houses with pitched roof you can build in such a way as not to focus too much on decorating the first floor of the house. At the same time, with such a roof design, you can arrange a spacious balcony on the second floor or install panoramic windows.
Very often, in projects of two-story houses with a flat roof, they rely on the contrast of floors, simultaneously combining an ascetic and restrained first floor and an elegant second. Such houses always look very elegant and modern.
Cottages with pitched roof. Houses of this type are most often represented by a laconic rectangular design with a small. Their distinguishing feature- a general idea for all structural elements of the house and at the same time a subtle difference between each of them. The roof is usually built at an angle of 30 degrees, which helps prevent the accumulation of precipitation during the cold season. This is a great option for country house.
Cottage with pitched roof Houses made of timber. The main tasks assigned to houses of this type: efficiency, environmental friendliness, rigor, warmth of construction. Usage flat roof This will reduce heating costs. In addition, a frame made of timber will make it possible to build truss structure with a large margin of safety.
Complex at first glance, houses with a pitched roof, as you can see, are reliable, original and simple. We introduced you in basic terms to the main features and capabilities of these structures. We hope the information was useful to you.
Projects of houses with a pitched roof: video
Pitched roofs are divided into 8 large groups, among which a special place is occupied by the type of roof with one inclined plane.
Of course, hardly anyone can compete with, whose peak of popularity fell in the second half of the last century.
However, nowadays specialists and construction workers Customers are increasingly paying attention to .
The essence and peculiarity of such a shelter is extremely simple. The load-bearing structure rests on multi-level external walls.
This phenomenon has a very attractive appearance, but due to structural features It is not advisable to use it to create the “top” of a house, cottage or any other important building or premises.
One inclined surface is ideal for verandas, terraces, as well as storage and utility rooms.
One of the main advantages of this eaves is wind resistance.. This option is determined by the design, since in this case we are not talking about serious slopes of the covered surface.
ATTENTION!
To reduce dependence on precipitation in the form of snow, it is necessary to take a more careful approach to calculating the cross-sections of the structural components during the design period. Regarding insulation - this aspect is especially important when minimum angles tilt
Thus, the area of influence of the wind force is significantly reduced, which leads to stable resistance to air gusts. If the room is located in an area prone to frequent winds, experts recommend installing curbs.
Consequently, these measures will reduce the likelihood of the roof being picked up to a minimum. It is advisable to use galvanized iron or tiles as upper layer border to avoid dampness of fences.
Very often, when it comes to construction or renovation, a person tries to buy necessary materials most profitable and budget prices. A canopy with one slope fits perfectly into the “economy” category, and besides, cheap prices are not reflected in its appearance.
Eg, costs are half as much as compared to a gable surface.
Construction maintenance of the roofing process of a pitched roof does not require special knowledge and many years of experience in the architectural field. Everything is extremely simple, so you can tackle this matter with your own hands. Quite uncomplicated and...
In addition to the above advantages, we note the following:
- Rational use of available space in the attic. As an option - creating an attic floor;
- Relatively light weight inclined plane, which excludes the connection to the process of installing lifting equipment;
- No restrictions regarding the area of the house;
- High level of maintainability;
- Possibility of choice (the only nuance is taking into account the angle of inclination);
- Preconditions for establishing solar panels.
Installation of solar panels
The list of shortcomings is several times shorter:
- For the sake of looks appearance you have to try. Focus on the quality of materials and facade work;
- Increased sensitivity to snow loads;
- The need to strengthen the hydraulic and inclined plane;
- Complicated organization due to fluid flow on one side.
Increased sensitivity to snow loads
Is it worth making a private house with a pitched roof?
Despite the fact that in most cases similar ideas do not receive approval from professionals, there are situations when a house with this type of roof is a reasonable and safe solution.
CAREFULLY!
A roof with one slope is difficult to withstand precipitation.
Therefore, no precipitation - no problem, therefore being in an area with a dry climate, this idea can be safely implemented.
The slope in such a situation should be set within 5%. In its turn, regions with cold or temperate climate , which is spent more or less under snowfall, not very suitable for almost flat roof.
But if 10-20 years ago a geographical “diagnosis” was perceived as a death sentence, now they will simply take up the task of increasing the strength of the future roof. If you also achieve a slope in the range of 90-100%, then the idea is really feasible. Nowadays there are many opportunities in construction industry, But be prepared for additional costs.
Designing a pitched roof - what do you need to know?
Inclined planes are classified according to different criteria. In particular, this concerns the emphasis. There are two varieties - with emphasis on load-bearing walls of different or equal heights .
The first option is used more often, but the stumbling block may be the lack of high external wall, which will prevent the establishment of a high slope. Second concept does not imply this, but this is probably where the advantages end - he much more expensive.
The issue of tilt is one of the main ones. Optimal range fluctuates around 10-30 degrees, extreme limits 5-60 degrees.
The figure depends on the following factors:
- Volume of precipitation;
- Wind flow indicators;
- Selected roofing material.
The more precipitation there is in an area, the greater the slope. For example, in regions with heavy snowfall, the slope should be at least 40 degrees. Otherwise there is a risk of damage load-bearing structures due to accumulated precipitation.
Below are the degree correspondences to the types of shelter:
- 5-7 degrees for roofing felt;
- 3 degrees higher range y;
- 25-35 - for;
- Slightly lower requirements are put forward for slate (20-30 degrees), practically the same for seam roofing (18-28).
It is advisable to increase the degree marks by several units in areas where a lot of snow falls. Such non-compliance does not apply to metal tiles, because this threatens water ingress due to the low density of the seams.
No less topical issue is to determine the type of roof in the context of ventilated/non-ventilated. In the first case, we are talking about a reliable and durable home surface, while the second option is suitable for “light” rooms like a terrace and, through a minimal slope (4-6 degrees), can bring a lot of trouble in the winter.
As a material for a single-pitch roof, the undisputed leader in demand is wood from the coniferous “family.” This is due to its resistance to rot, mold and other evil spirits. Pay attention to the percentage of humidity - the indicator should not exceed 20-22.
As a preventive pest control We recommend treating the wood with a fire retardant and antiseptic.
Houses with a pitched roof: photos of projects below.
House project
Two-story house project
One-story frame house project
Finnish house
Varieties of design and engineering
The top with one slope is not a limiter in the imagination of shaping the appearance of the roof.
A lot has been implemented successful projects , within which a “broken” roof or through facades were created.
It is not necessary to copy an idea seen live or on the Internet - this type of house top is favorable to various architectural collages.
Projects of houses with a pitched roof:
Project example No. 1. Private house with an area of 240 sq.m. Additional premises and ground floor are not provided. Used as wall material cellular concrete, and reinforced concrete slabs are the basis of the foundation. Facing - plaster or wooden slats to choose from.
Project example No. 2. A two-story house of 225 sq.m. with an attic, a garage, and a balcony on the 2nd floor. The foundation is the same as in the first example, the walls are made of aerated concrete with brick cladding. It is possible to use decorative tiles. Roof type - to choose from, taking into account climatic conditions.
The main task is to harmoniously reunite those examples that are collected into one project. You should pay attention to the possibility of installing solar panels, which were already mentioned above - this will make the roof even more functional. And a competent one will keep your home safe and sound for a long time.
Shed roofs: projects and drawings
Drawing of a house with a pitched roof
Frame house project
House diagram
Useful video
In this video you will see an example of a house project with a pitched roof:
In contact with
On the territory of the CIS countries and Russian Federation houses are often built with gable roof. Those who decided to create a building with a pitched roof type become discussed persons, as they break stereotypes and traditions familiar to everyone. By creating a one-story house with a pitched roof, you can not only build an original and attractive home, but also benefit from a number of factors. Which ones? Let's find out together.
Advantages of a lean-to rafter system
In the West and in European countries, a pitched roof is a common thing and therefore does not come as a surprise, but in our country it is rather a curiosity, since everyone is accustomed to the fact that a pitched roof is used only for outbuildings. Thanks to the original design solutions even simple roof is able to improve the house, make an attractive and aesthetically correct exterior of a private house. 
Most developers and construction companies It is recommended to use a gable or sloping (mansard) roof. However, if the customer has decided to bring his idea to life, then he should not abandon it and here’s why:
- The shed roof structure is economically profitable solution. In the case of a single-pitch rafter system, building materials are used as rationally as possible, because the amount of building materials here is minimal.
- A pitched roof is not picky about roofing; if you use cheap materials, you can also save a lot; installation is easy to do yourself.
- Independent creation of a rafter system.
- Low level of windage, which is especially important in regions with strong winds.
- Good resistance to precipitation in the form of rain or snow. They roll up easily and do not linger on the roof surface, so creating a drainage system will not be difficult.
- The pitched roof is easy to maintain and operate.
- The convenience of creating additional thermal insulation that can make the attic space not just warm, but also quite cozy and suitable for living.
- The ease of creating a project for a house and a roof in particular; even a person who is not good at the intricacies of construction can carry out the calculations.
- The construction of a heavy-duty foundation is not required, since the roof rests on two opposite load-bearing walls with different heights.
Inevitable disadvantages of a pitched roof
However, it is worth noting that a pitched roof also has its disadvantages and must be taken into account. Among negative points worth highlighting:
- Need to take care of high-quality thermal insulation and waterproofing, otherwise there will be a risk of leaks.
- Dependence snow loads(you need to take this nuance into account when designing, find out the average amount of precipitation in a given region).
- Appearance. Be that as it may, a one-story house with a pitched roof is not very attractive, since the roof is quite simple. In order for the house to look more interesting, you need to take care of quality and original finish facade and use only high-quality materials for the roof.
Design
Elements of a pitched roof:
- Rafter system. Spruce or pine is used to make the rafter system. It is important to choose the right boards; they should not have knots. Initially, you need to treat the wood with solutions and impregnations to increase fire safety and improve the properties of the wood, after which it needs to be dried.
- Thermal and waterproofing. IN economical option thermal insulation means fiberglass or basalt wool, and a vapor barrier film acts as a waterproofing layer.
- Lathing (base for installation of roofing material). Used as lathing wooden blocks, which are placed closely or at a short distance from each other. The cross-section directly depends on the two previous layers and the roofing material used.
- Roof. There are no restrictions here; you can use any option, the choice of which depends on the personal tastes, preferences and financial capabilities of the home owner.
Installation of a pitched roof structure
In order to install a pitched roof, you need to equip yourself with a standard set of tools:
- Axe.
- Hammer.
- Knife and hacksaw.
- Stapler with staples.
When erecting the walls of a house, you need to install a mauerlat (beam, the cross-section of which is 100-130 mm, secured with anchor bolts along the entire length load-bearing walls). The installation of the roof must begin with the installation of the rafter system. If the walls are different in height, then you need to ensure optimal angle tilting using rafter posts. 
After this, rafter legs are attached to the mauerlat (the distance between them depends on roofing). The rafters must be installed so that a front overhang half a meter long is formed. If the width of the house is more than 5 meters, then the rafters need to be supported, otherwise they will sag. All wooden structural elements are fastened with nails. 
Then comes the sheathing; the cross-section of the bars used depends on the thermal insulation and the weight of the roofing material. This is followed by laying the waterproofing, which is fastened with staples of a construction stapler.
The final stage of roof installation will be laying the roof. It is best to install the roofing material with an overlap of several centimeters so that the roof is not blown away by strong gusts of wind. Drainage systems, roof ladder and snow guards are installed last and at the request of the home owner. 
Features of operation
The pitched roof of a one-story house needs proper care:
- Constant cleaning of the roof surface from accumulated snow masses is necessary, which is especially important in snowy regions (this procedure will protect household members from avalanche snowfall and possible injuries).
- It is necessary to monitor the condition of the roof and all elements of its structure. Conducting renovation work In a timely manner, you can protect not only yourself, but also the house, thereby extending the period of its operation.
