Combined house with a pitched roof in the Urals. DIY pitched roof: drawing and step-by-step installation instructions. Rafter system of a pitched roof for a two-story house
Completed projects of houses with pitched roofs or roofs with several slopes at different levels are becoming popular. Modern technologies open up to designers and architects the most daring and original solutions.
Advantages of houses with pitched roofs
A flat roof for private houses still looks unusual in our country. More often we see them in foreign films with actions taking place in southern countries New World. Or in southern Europe, for example, in the Balkans, where flat red tile roofs are popular. For us, the reason for the low popularity lies in the harsher climate. Heavy snow cover requires durable roof and conditions for the sliding of snow crust that has not reached a large mass.
For these reasons, a shed roof is not used as often as a traditional gable or hipped roof.
However, the benefits of using pitched roofs are undeniable, and therefore the number of customers is gradually increasing. The list of advantages of this solution is convincing:
The disadvantages of a pitched roof are obvious only if the design and construction are unsuccessful and concern appearance, the danger of overload from snow cover and the need for high-quality waterproofing.
Options for design solutions for houses with a pitched roof
Currently, design and construction companies offer different variants the use of single-pitched roofs or roofs with several slopes located at different levels and in different planes. It is safe to say that in this diversity you can always find a solution that will suit the most demanding customer.
When designing houses of this type, several technical and regulatory aspects should be analyzed. Unlike houses with a gable roof, wind resistance single-slope option higher. However, if designers propose the continuation of the roof in the form of a canopy over the veranda or over the parking lot, then such a solution requires careful calculations. The additional open roof area dramatically increases windage and can cause destruction. Therefore, it is important to provide additional fastenings in the form of reinforced racks or additional beams.
Project of a house with a pitched roof
Houses with one pitched roof are usually of medium size and have a small area. When designing them, you should pay attention to rational use usable space. Due to the uneven height of the ceilings, the highest rooms should be reserved for common rooms and living rooms. Rooms with lower ceilings can be allocated for bedrooms and utility rooms.
For example, let's take a project country house, originally integrated into the surrounding landscape. Such a house represents a harmonious and practical solution. Single wooden roof over everything internal space home gives it a natural, natural look.
Large roof overhangs do not pose a danger of destruction, since the surrounding trees reliably protect the house from the wind Practicality when using different heights of rooms is brought almost to the ideal. The staircase, terrace and large windows on the slope side provide additional views, and also leave space for a hallway and utility compartments under the upper part of the roof. Additional reaction supports provide reliability to the roof fastening. Warmth, comfort and a realized dream emanate from such a house.
Project of a log house with a pitched roof
The design of this log house in nature is unpretentious, but very harmonious. An ideal place for family recreation, fishing and hunting. And not only in the summer, since a house made of timber can be heated quickly enough in winter, turning it into a warm, cozy place for spending leisure time. The pitched roof makes it possible to arrange additional camp sleeping places. Terrace and summer area without special costs can become a comfortable place for family and friends. A canopy or tent will quickly turn it into a comfortable overnight camp.
A pitched roof successfully crowns an elegant house on the shore of a reservoir, which can be used for living when going fishing or hunting. Houses made from ordinary logs are traditionally built with a gable roof. However, now there are often cases when the option of a pitched roof is used.
Photo gallery: options for log houses with a pitched roof
A log house with two pitched roofs is quite suitable for year-round use. A log house with a pitched roof is ideal for installing a bathhouse. The roof slope can have a wavy shape.
Projects of houses with a pitched roof and a garage
A pitched roof, with its inherent disadvantage of incompleteness, is radically transformed in a solution with several slopes at different levels. Separate blocks of the house, a garage or a terrace perfectly balance the appearance, giving it a complete and harmonious look. At the same time, all the practical advantages of a pitched roof are preserved.
- A garage space fits well into this composition. This is especially true when there is a separate passage from the house to it. For dynamic people who value every minute, such an advantage is undeniable.
An auxiliary garage roof with an oppositely oriented slope successfully compensates for the height of the main house - Similar associations are evoked by a site with a house and a full complex of buildings made of pitched roofs. The uniform style of all buildings creates a harmonious ensemble.
If all the buildings on the site have the same roofs, it looks stylish and quite unique - The project of a two-story spacious house with a built-in garage seems interesting and original. Flat roof, large area of the house on small area land solves the issue of using usable space with maximum efficiency.
Large pitched roof with minimum angle tilt allows for maximum efficient use of the space on the second floor - An original result when designing houses based on pitched roofs is achieved if the dwelling is divided into separate blocks. Each such block can have its own pitched roof, but their direction can be very different. Architects develop original versions of such structures, each of which carries its own individuality. For northern regions, the slope of the roof should ensure guaranteed removal of snow cover without the accumulation of large masses on the surface.
The originality of such a project is achieved due to multidirectional planes of pitched roofs
Country house with a pitched roof
Country house with a pitched roof it is convenient to build on a sloping plot. Wherein natural slope can be practically used to reduce costs by fitting part of the living space into the existing topography. Such a “dugout” for utility rooms can be practically useful: cool in summer, warm in winter. Large terrace with glass walls successfully opens a view of the open part of the landscape.
In the part of the house located on a slope, utility rooms are successfully placed, in which a comfortable climate is always created Sloping roofs on non-residential buildings and structures
The sloping roof is gradually becoming familiar to the buildings of the for various purposes from summer country houses For seasonal residence to various types of outbuildings. This roof design is well suited for installation and maintenance of elements solar panels. The high cost of energy and its shortage make any alternative energy supply solutions a priority. This is one of the reasons that many cannot afford to live in environmentally friendly areas due to the high cost of heating.
Greenhouse project with a polycarbonate pitched roof
A sloping pitched roof for a greenhouse is a good solution for minimizing the monetary costs of its construction. Since such structures are often made on their own, it is recommended to properly design them in terms of strength and efficiency. Excessive strength requirements can lead to an unjustified increase in the cost of the object. At the same time, insufficient strength can cause destruction from wind or snow load.
At correct calculation height and slope of the greenhouse roof, snow can be easily removed from it Projects of sheds with a pitched roof (3x6, 4x6)
The most common use of pitched roofs is in the construction of various utility buildings, sheds, and poultry houses. When using logs to build a shed, there is no need to build a strong foundation, given the light weight of the tree. The issue of ensuring tightness to prevent the penetration of rodents is relevant. To do this, the joints of the walls and roof must be connected with minimal gaps, and buried masonry made of special bricks can be used as a foundation.
Sheds made of blocks with a pitched roof are equipped with strong beams to prevent destruction from the wind. Fastening to such beams allows you to evenly distribute the load on the walls.
For outbuildings, the use of pitched roofs is the most common option. Features of designing pitched roofs
Designing houses with a pitched roof has a number of technical and architectural features. If you take them into account correctly, the result will be High Quality. It is also important to follow all the necessary rules for roof operation. Let's list some of these features and rules:
- Must be carefully designed external finishing Houses. Participation will definitely be needed here experienced designer, architect. A flat roof eliminates many of the finishing options that are acceptable on a gable roof.
- When designing a roof, it is necessary to provide high-quality waterproofing, since a flat roof is much more vulnerable and prone to leaks. For example, the need to periodically clear the roof of snow mechanically can easily damage the outer protective layer roofs, and therefore durable materials should be used.
- Participation is also required during the construction of the roof. professional roofers to exclude defects or deviations from building standards.
- It is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of the roof, since timely elimination of defects will significantly reduce the cost of maintaining the house.
When designing pitched roofs, the initial data for calculations are the following information:
- Technical task for design. This can be a traditional regulatory document or a design project, sketch, drawing.
- Data on maximum snow load.
- Planned roof angle.
- Load-bearing wall material.
- Maximum loads on walls.
- Preferential wind direction data.
- Layout of premises.
- Foundation design.
- The total budget of the facility.
The most important point when designing a pitched roof is the choice of version of the rafter system. Type roof trusses and the number of spacer elements is determined by the distance between the walls of the house.
The design of the rafter system is determined by the length of the building span Any roofing material can be used to cover a pitched roof. Depending on the planned covering, appropriate changes are made to the roof structure. This applies to the lathing design, size and strength of the materials used.
Video: Designing a Roof Slope
Shed roofs, roofs with several inclined slopes at different levels, and awnings open up many rational options when designing a home. Modern durable materials allow you to realize the most original design solutions. These and other factors allow an increase in the number of developers who have chosen pitched roofs.
Hope is beautiful female name and we decided to give it to this particular house, a very modest size of 8x4 meters. The idea of this little Finnish home has been ripening with us for a long time. We created it for loving couples, young families, single people who are just about to start a family.
Despite the fact that this is a small and therefore inexpensive house, it embodies the most important principles of Finnish architecture: environmental friendliness, simplicity, style, quality, reliability.
Nadezhda - Finnish house with a pitched roof and veranda
To create a beautiful home you need inspiration. Or luck. In this case it was the second - we saw a beautiful project country house from laminated veneer lumber on one of the professional design sites.
We really liked the veranda and the style of the house, and we transferred the idea to frame technology. Due to this, the house became twice as warm and more suitable for permanent residence in the conditions of the Middle Urals. However, thanks to its well-thought-out design, Nadezhda is suitable for any other regions of Russia - except for the Arctic regions. The proven "Rowan" is more suitable there.
Hope Concept
The first point that distinguishes Nadezhda from most of our projects is the pitched roof.
The advantages of a pitched roof are simplicity of design, low cost, and stylistic brevity. It is not without reason that among the Scandinavian peoples, houses with pitched roofs are quite common.
The second idea for the house is a spacious veranda, which significantly increases the usable area of the house during the warm season.
The third idea is versatility: a country house project easily becomes a house project for permanent residence. Let's look at the layout.
Layout of a one-story country house Nadezhda size 8x4 plus veranda
Veranda - 16 square meters in area. If desired, it can be enlarged, made open and, for example, partially glazed.
The entrance hall is 4 square meters, this area will allow you to optimally arrange this space.
From the hallway there are doors to three rooms. Bathroom, I won’t tire of repeating – a bathroom is necessary in a country house.
Kitchen living room to the left - 11 square meters. Optimal size for premises of such purpose. A large window will fill the room with light and visually add additional volume.
Bedroom in our country house also 11 meters in area. The standard size of a bedroom, which can accommodate a large bed, a wardrobe and a chest of drawers. In our opinion, the bedroom should not have any unnecessary cluttering furniture. Under ideal conditions, you can discard the closet by placing items from it in a closet or another room.
Traditional Russian huts, alpine chalets, Finnish houses, Western European half-timbered houses were always built with a gable roof. This is the most practical option for regions where there is a lot of rainfall and there are no problems with wood. A roof with one plane is most often chosen for outbuildings, terraces or verandas. However, modern materials make it possible to build even a two-story house with a pitched roof, provided that the climate of the area is suitable for such a structure.
Advantages and disadvantages of two-story houses with a pitched roof
A two-story house will require considerable financial investment. One of the opportunities to save a little on materials is a pitched roof.
Advantages of a pitched roof:
- suitable for any type of building (residential building, outbuildings, garage);
- simplicity of design;
- relative cheapness;
- Almost any coating applicable to the selected roof slope is suitable;
- the frame can be made from a variety of materials (wood, plastic, metal);
- original appearance.
A pitched roof can be of any shape. It doesn't have to be a rectangle or a square. Round or slightly curved pitched roofs look impressive.
As a rule, a house with a pitched roof does not imply the presence of an attic or attic, since fire safety standards prohibit constructing an attic below 1.6 m, that is, there are some restrictions associated with the use of space. In addition, the disadvantages of a house with a pitched roof include the possibility of debris accumulating on the roof. Leaves, branches and other objects will have to be removed regularly.
Important! Shed roof for one- or two-story house Most suitable for areas where the wind constantly blows in one direction.
What materials are two-story houses with a pitched roof made of?
After the location for construction has been chosen and all details have been completed Required documents, you can proceed to construction. A two-story house requires a reliable foundation:
- Tape design suitable for houses with heavy walls, cellar, basement, underground garage. Depending on the load, the materials used are reinforced concrete blocks, brick, concrete with coarse filler (gravel).
- Pile foundation can withstand significant weight, is convenient for soft soils, and is economical. Concrete or reinforced concrete piles are used, metal pipes, specially treated wood.
- Monolithic slab suitable for weak ground, compensates for vertical and horizontal deformations. Most often, a monolith is used for two-story houses and buildings with more floors. Made from reinforced concrete directly on the construction site.
- Columnar foundation the most economical. Suitable for one- and two-story houses with relatively light walls and frame buildings. Concrete, treated wood, and brick are used for construction.
The walls of a two-story house must withstand significant weight. When choosing a material, consider the following points:
- lightweight material will save foundation costs;
- the larger the brick or blocks, the less labor costs;
- material with good thermal insulation properties will reduce heating costs in winter;
- an attractive material will allow you to save on finishing costs.
The materials used for the walls of a two-story house are brick (regular, silicate, facing), ceramic block, aerated concrete block, foam block, wood, and ready-made frame panels made of wood and metal.
Each of these materials has its pros and cons. Brick is durable, but heavy, ceramic block is an elite type with a considerable price, aerated concrete block does not stand the test of time well, wood is expensive and is afraid of fire, rot, and fungus. Most cheap option- a two-story frame house with a pitched roof. It can be built in just a few weeks. But ready-made shields are not very strong, they do not “breathe”, good ventilation will be needed. And there is not enough room for imagination - standard panels are chosen for standard projects.
Important! Before the start of construction, all documents must be completed: design permit, architectural and planning assignment, technical specifications of water, gas, electricity suppliers, house design, examination and approval of the project, construction permit.
Types of pitched roof for a two-story house
The roof is a kind of “pie” of layers various materials: vapor barrier film, insulation, waterproofing.
Depending on the chosen ventilation system, there are several types of pitched roofs:
- With ventilation. Suitable for closed structures, including residential one- and two-story buildings with any bevel angle. There is free space between the roof and the ceilings, and there are special openings on both sides of the roof.
- Non-ventilated pitched roofs are recommended for outbuildings, terraces, and verandas with a slope of up to 5°. In order to prevent the formation of condensation, an unventilated roof should be well insulated, and vapor and waterproofing should be installed.
Important! To wooden elements structures last as long as possible, they should be reliably protected from high humidity.
How to calculate the angle of inclination of a pitched roof for a two-story house
The roof slope is positioned so that the most high wall. Then, in the upper part of a two-story house, you can conveniently arrange living quarters, and the lower floor can be used for economic needs. For example, connect a two-story house with a garage under one roof.
The difference between a flat roof and a pitched roof is the angle of inclination. If it is higher than 10°, the roof is considered pitched. The optimal angle of inclination for snow removal is 45 °.
The area in which the two-story house is located should be taken into account. In a windswept steppe, the angle of inclination of the roof can be much less than in a wooded area. The more precipitation a region receives, the steeper the slope should be.
The dependence of the angle of inclination on wind load and precipitation is presented in the table:
The angle of inclination of the roof of a two-story house is determined by the weather conditions of the area, operating conditions, the selected roofing material and the architectural features of the building. This is the basis of the entire project. The slope of a pitched roof determines the possibility of self-cleaning from snow cover, ice, and the load on the roof during precipitation.
The Bradis tables and the following formula will help to bring together the angle of inclination of the roof, the length and height of the wall: the height to which you need to raise the wall = the length of the wall x the tangent of the selected angle of inclination (from the Bradis table).
The dependence of the angle of inclination on the material selected for coating is presented in the table:
These are indicative data. The manufacturer always indicates what slope a particular material is designed for. This information cannot be ignored.
Important! The steeper the roof slope, the larger its area, which increases the cost of construction.
Rafter system of a pitched roof for a two-story house
Rafter system the house consists of several elements:
The design of truss systems for a pitched roof depends on the size of the building. If the distance between load-bearing walls does not exceed 4.5 m, additional supports are not needed. The rafter beams rest only on the mauerlat. With sizes from 4.5 to 6 m, another support is required - a bench. When the distance between load-bearing walls is from 6 to 12 m, a run is needed. If the size is from 12 to 15 m, use a run and a bed at the same time. For larger sizes, several runs and laydowns are needed.
How to make a pitched roof for a two-story house with your own hands
Experts believe that almost anyone with at least a little knowledge of construction can make a pitched roof. This is the easiest type of roof to install. However, without reliable tools, strong ladders, life belts and other safety measures, it is at least unwise to undertake construction at great heights.
The roof of the house must withstand static load (its own weight) and dynamic:
- wind pressure;
- snow cover;
- the weight of people during roof repair or maintenance.
Rafter legs made of logs, beams are installed in increments of 1.5-2 m, from boards - in increments of 1.0-1.75 m. Minimum size timber for the mauerlat - 100x200 mm, the log can be 180-200 mm in diameter. Selection of material for struts when large size pitched roof:
- timber with a side of 8 mm;
- log with a diameter of 10 cm;
- twin board 25x150 mm.
For spans above 12 m, purlins and supports will be required (beams 180x180 mm, logs with a diameter of 200 mm).
Operating procedure:
- Install the Mauerlat on the inner surface of the wall. Fix with anchor bolts.
- On the higher wall of the house, make recesses for the rafters. Install beams into the grooves, the top point of which should be slightly greater than the height of the roof. Secure them with slate nails to the guide beams.
- Nail a board to the beams, the upper edge of which is located at the height of the future roof of the house. Align the board strictly according to level. Then cut off all protruding parts of the timber. Install rafters. To protect the house from precipitation, the outer edge of the rafters is moved beyond the wall by 0.2-0.5 m.
- Install the sheathing: nail the boards to the supporting system at a certain pitch. The step depends on the selected coating. For example, for slate the value is 0.15 m.
- Secure a water barrier (roofing felt, polyethylene, etc.) over the sheathing. Laying the roll should begin from the base of the roof. Roll out the material along the sheathing boards with an overlap of 0.1 m, secure with staples. Lay and secure the finishing coating in accordance with the standards and recommendations for the selected material.
If insulation is necessary, it is laid on a vapor barrier layer, which should be directly on the sheathing. Basalt mats, fiberglass, glass wool, and heat-insulating boards are used as insulation. The final version of the roofing “pie” looks like this: vapor barrier, insulation, waterproofing.
Important! All wooden elements of the house must be well dried, free from rot and wormholes. Antiseptic treatment is required.
How to choose roofing material for a pitched roof of a two-story house
To construct a pitched roof on a two-story house, the following materials are used:
- Coniferous wood (pine, spruce without knots) for the rafter system. The wood must be well dried and treated with an antiseptic, moisture-repellent and fire-resistant coating.
- Special film for hydro- and vapor barrier. Fiberglass or basalt wool for a heat-insulating layer.
- Bar 20x40 or 50x50 mm for sheathing (roof base). The size of the bar depends on the type of thermal insulation and roofing.
- Metal tiles, roofing felt, corrugated sheets, tiles, ondulin, bitumen material in rolls, slate as roofing material.
Construction regulations, a list of materials and recommendations for their use contain SNiPs ( Building codes and rules):
- 08.02-89 " Public buildings and structures";
- 04.01-87 “Insulating and finishing coatings”;
- II-26-76* “Roofs”.
Additional information is provided by standards EN 13859–1:2005 (E) (waterproofing characteristics); EN 1304:2005 (clay tiles); EN 502:1999 (metal sheeting).
Important! Each roofing material is designed for a certain angle of inclination. This should be taken into account when choosing coverage for your home.
Projects of two-story houses with a pitched roof
A roof with one plane is not necessarily a boring, flat surface. They can be combined into original designs. There are houses with two or more pitched roofs:
Roofs at different levels visually divide the house into two parts:
Two pitched roofs, separated by a flat section, make the parts of the building completely independent at the second floor level.
Photos of some two-story houses with a pitched roof look very unusual, but these are real buildings:
Construction of a pitched roof for a residential building will require certain knowledge and experience. Before starting construction, you will have to take care of paperwork: make calculations, draw up all the necessary documents. Then think over the order, select the tools, and do not forget about safety precautions when high-altitude work, select, purchase and deliver materials.
- A pitched roof of complex configuration will make the house unique, but will require significant costs, skills and time.
- It is impossible to build the walls of a two-story wooden house alone.
- Depth strip foundation for a two-story house it should be 1.6 m or more.
- A columnar foundation is only suitable for light construction. A pile foundation is ideal for areas with difficult terrain.
- If selected for construction wooden beams, it should be borne in mind that wood changes size depending on humidity and air temperature, and long elements can “sag” under load.
- When a pitched roof is tilted at 30°, the risk of snow accumulation and the formation of heavy crust increases, which leads to increased pressure on the entire structure.
- Wind pressure increases fivefold when the angle of inclination changes from 10° to 45°.
A house with a pitched roof is economical and relatively simple, but this design is not suitable for every area. If you plan to build a two-story house in a region with big amount precipitation or strong winds, it may be more practical to choose a traditional gable roof, despite the fact that it will require more funds.
Conclusion
A two-story house with a pitched roof is economical due to the simplicity of its design. Modern roofing materials allow you to create original combinations and shapes, which will make the building unique. Whether it is worth doing the construction yourself or entrusting the work to professionals is up to the owner of the future home to decide. The final result largely depends on a well-designed project. If you do not have the necessary skills, it is wiser to seek help from specialists: even the smallest mistake in the project can cause big problems during operation, even leading to the collapse of structures.
Completed projects of houses with pitched roofs or roofs with several slopes at different levels are becoming popular. Modern technologies open up the most daring and original solutions for designers and architects.
Advantages of houses with pitched roofs
A flat roof for private houses still looks unusual in our country. More often we see them in foreign films with actions taking place in the southern countries of the New World. Or in southern Europe, for example, in the Balkans, where flat red tile roofs are popular. For us, the reason for the low popularity lies in the harsher climate. Heavy snow cover requires a strong roof and conditions for the sliding of snow crust that has not reached a large mass.
For these reasons, a shed roof is not used as often as a traditional gable or hip roof.
However, the benefits of using pitched roofs are undeniable, and therefore the number of customers is gradually increasing. The list of advantages of this solution is convincing:
The disadvantages of a pitched roof are obvious only if the design and construction are unsuccessful and relate to appearance, the danger of overload from snow cover and the need for high-quality waterproofing.
Options for design solutions for houses with a pitched roof
Currently, design and construction companies offer different options for using single-pitched roofs or roofs with several slopes located at different levels and in different planes. It is safe to say that in this diversity you can always find a solution that will suit the most demanding customer.
When designing houses of this type, several technical and regulatory aspects should be analyzed. Unlike houses with a gable roof, the wind resistance of the lean-to version is higher. However, if designers propose the continuation of the roof in the form of a canopy over the veranda or over the parking lot, then such a solution requires careful calculations. The additional open roof area dramatically increases windage and can cause destruction. Therefore, it is important to provide additional fastenings in the form of reinforced racks or additional beams.
Project of a house with a pitched roof
Houses with one pitched roof are usually of medium size and have a small area. When designing them, you should pay attention to the rational use of usable space. Due to the uneven height of the ceilings, the highest rooms should be reserved for common rooms and living rooms. Rooms with lower ceilings can be allocated for bedrooms and utility rooms.
As an example, let’s look at a project for a country house that fits into the surrounding landscape in an original way. Such a house is a harmonious and practical solution. A single wooden roof over the entire interior space of the home gives it a natural, natural look.
Large roof overhangs do not pose a danger of destruction, since the surrounding trees reliably protect the house from the wind
Practicality when using different heights of rooms is brought almost to the ideal. The staircase, terrace and large windows on the slope side provide additional views, and also leave space for a hallway and utility compartments under the upper part of the roof. Additional reaction supports provide reliability to the roof fastening. Warmth, comfort and a realized dream emanate from such a house.
Project of a log house with a pitched roof
The design of this log house in nature is unpretentious, but very harmonious. An ideal place for family recreation, fishing and hunting. And not only in the summer, since a house made of timber can be heated quickly enough in winter, turning it into a warm, cozy place for spending leisure time. The pitched roof makes it possible to arrange additional camp sleeping places. A terrace and summer area can become a comfortable place for family and friends without any special expenses. A canopy or tent will quickly turn it into a comfortable overnight camp.
A pitched roof successfully crowns an elegant house on the shore of a reservoir, which can be used for living when going fishing or hunting.
Houses made from ordinary logs are traditionally built with a gable roof. However, now there are often cases when the option of a pitched roof is used.
Photo gallery: options for log houses with a pitched roof
A log house with two pitched roofs is quite suitable for year-round use. A log house with a pitched roof is ideal for installing a bathhouse. The roof slope can have a wavy shape.
Projects of houses with a pitched roof and a garage
A pitched roof, with its inherent disadvantage of incompleteness, is radically transformed in a solution with several slopes at different levels. Separate blocks of the house, a garage or a terrace perfectly balance the appearance, giving it a complete and harmonious look. At the same time, all the practical advantages of a pitched roof are preserved.
- A garage space fits well into this composition. This is especially true when there is a separate passage from the house to it. For dynamic people who value every minute, this advantage is undeniable.
An auxiliary garage roof with an oppositely oriented slope successfully compensates for the height of the main house
- Similar associations are evoked by a site with a house and a full complex of buildings made of pitched roofs. The uniform style of all buildings creates a harmonious ensemble.
If all the buildings on the site have the same roofs, it looks stylish and quite unique
- The project of a two-story spacious house with a built-in garage seems interesting and original. A flat roof, a large area of the house on a small plot of land solves the issue of using usable space with maximum efficiency.
A large pitched roof with a minimal angle of inclination allows for the most efficient use of the space of the second floor
- An original result when designing houses based on pitched roofs is achieved if the dwelling is divided into separate blocks. Each such block can have its own pitched roof, but their direction can be very different. Architects develop original versions of such structures, each of which carries its own individuality. For northern regions, the slope of the roof should ensure guaranteed removal of snow cover without the accumulation of large masses on the surface.
The originality of such a project is achieved due to multidirectional planes of pitched roofs
Country house with a pitched roof
It is convenient to build a country house with a pitched roof on a sloping plot. At the same time, the natural slope can be practically used to reduce costs by fitting part of the living space into the existing topography. Such a “dugout” for utility rooms can be practically useful: cool in summer, warm in winter. A large terrace with glass walls provides an excellent view of the open part of the landscape.
In the part of the house located on a slope, utility rooms are successfully placed, in which a comfortable climate is always created
Sloping roofs on non-residential buildings and structures
Sloping roofs are gradually becoming commonplace for buildings for a wide variety of purposes, from summer country houses for seasonal living to various types of outbuildings. This roof design is well suited for the installation and maintenance of solar panel elements. The high cost of energy and its shortage make any alternative energy supply solutions a priority. This is one of the reasons that many cannot afford to live in environmentally friendly areas due to the high cost of heating.
Greenhouse project with a polycarbonate pitched roof
A sloping pitched roof for a greenhouse is a good solution for minimizing the monetary costs of its construction. Since such structures are often made on their own, it is recommended to properly design them in terms of strength and efficiency. Excessive strength requirements can lead to an unjustified increase in the cost of the object. At the same time, insufficient strength can cause destruction from wind or snow load.
If you correctly calculate the height and slope of the greenhouse roof, you can easily clear snow from it
Projects of sheds with a pitched roof (3x6, 4x6)
The most common use of pitched roofs is in the construction of various utility buildings, sheds, and poultry houses. When using logs to build a shed, there is no need to build a strong foundation, given the light weight of the tree. The issue of ensuring tightness to prevent the penetration of rodents is relevant. To do this, the joints of the walls and roof must be connected with minimal gaps, and buried masonry made of special bricks can be used as a foundation.
Sheds made of blocks with a pitched roof are equipped with strong beams to prevent destruction from the wind. Fastening to such beams allows you to evenly distribute the load on the walls.
For outbuildings, the use of pitched roofs is the most common option.
Features of designing pitched roofs
Designing houses with a pitched roof has a number of technical and architectural features. If you take them into account correctly, the result will be of high quality. It is also important to follow all the necessary rules for roof operation. Let's list some of these features and rules:
- It is necessary to carefully design the exterior of the house. This will probably require the participation of an experienced designer and architect. A flat roof eliminates many of the finishing options that are acceptable on a gable roof.
- When designing a roof, it is necessary to provide high-quality waterproofing, since a flat roof is much more vulnerable and prone to leaks. For example, the need to periodically clear snow from a roof mechanically can easily damage the outer protective layer of the roof, and therefore durable materials should be used.
- When building a roof, the participation of professional roofers is also necessary to avoid defects or deviations from building regulations.
- It is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of the roof, since timely elimination of defects will significantly reduce the cost of maintaining the house.
When designing pitched roofs, the initial data for calculations are the following information:
- Technical specifications for design. This can be a traditional regulatory document or a design project, sketch, drawing.
- Data on maximum snow load.
- Planned roof angle.
- Load-bearing wall material.
- Maximum loads on walls.
- Preferential wind direction data.
- Layout of premises.
- Foundation design.
- The total budget of the facility.
The most important point when designing a pitched roof is the choice of version of the rafter system. The type of trusses and the number of spacer elements are determined by the distance between the walls of the house.
The design of the rafter system is determined by the length of the building span
Any roofing material can be used to cover a pitched roof. Depending on the planned covering, appropriate changes are made to the roof structure. This applies to the lathing design, size and strength of the materials used.
Video: Designing a Roof Slope
Shed roofs, roofs with several inclined slopes at different levels, and awnings open up many rational options when designing a home. Modern durable materials allow you to implement the most original design solutions. These and other factors allow an increase in the number of developers who have chosen pitched roofs.
Houses with a pitched roof are simple in design and unusual design. They are convenient, practical and often cheaper. But they are rarely built in Russia. Usually they prefer standard designs with gable roofs.
The peculiarity of lean-to houses is their low ceiling height. Therefore, it is not always possible to make an attic or attic. But we have collected all the tips that will help you get another room under an unusual roof.
Find out about:
- technical features of a pitched roof;
- pros and cons of the design;
- how to make the most of space;
- interesting projects houses with a pitched roof.
We tell you everything you need to know and show interesting architectural solutions.
Key features of a pitched roof
First, briefly about the pros and cons of a pitched roof. The most basic information, nothing superfluous.
Pros of a pitched roof
. Compared to gable roofs. Single-pitch design weighs less. But as the width of the house increases, this advantage disappears. All due to the complication of the support system and redistribution of loads.Disadvantages of a pitched roof
- Making an attic is more difficult. It is necessary to raise the height of the walls, the angle of the roof or the width of the house. Sometimes combine these methods. Otherwise, there will not be enough space under the roof even for the attic. All this increases the cost of construction.
Important. By increasing the height of the walls, very high gables are obtained on one side. Most often they are used panoramic glazing so that everything looks beautiful. It is expensive. - You need to clean your roof more often. Relevant for slopes up to 45 degrees. A lot of snow accumulates on them. You will have to regularly climb onto the roof and clean off the excess cap. Think about installation.
- Need a reliable drainage structure. Larger pipe diameter. More common metal fasteners. The water will flow in one direction. Everything that ends up on the roof. It is necessary that the drainage system can withstand such a flow.
What kind of pitched roofs are there in house designs?
Simple pitched roof. Option #1 in standard projects one-story houses. A roof that rests on a low wall on one side and a high one on the other. Everything is simple, nothing superfluous. Suitable for lovers of minimalism.
Shed roof in two directions. An option for high-tech lovers. In one half of the house the roof slopes to the right, in the other - to the left. If you look at such a cottage from the outside entrance group, you will see a cross made of roofs. It looks unusual.
The design can be complicated and made at different levels. Attach a roof slightly lower to the high gable. Someone's window will look out onto the roof. Original solution.
Shed roof with decorations. Different inclinations on different areas, protruding dormer windows, viewing balconies. You can combine anything. But the more complex the design of a house with a pitched roof, the more expensive the calculations, materials and construction are.
Technical features of a pitched roof - what you need to know before starting construction
In Russia, shed roofs are usually used for non-residential, seasonal or temporary buildings. Cottages, cabins, garages. Cottages usually have a gable roof. Because she is more familiar.
Single-pitch options are suitable for amateurs modern designs. Visually light, with good lighting and strict forms. An interesting version of the attic is made with them - full-wall windows are placed on the protruding pediment. Get a beautiful panoramic view from the rooms.
In many ways, the internal structure of a pitched roof is similar to a gable roof. But there are nuances that we will discuss further. To compare everything yourself, read the article about the rafter system of a gable roof.
When placing a project for a house with a pitched roof, you need to take into account the wind rose
One of the most important points. An architect, when trying on a project for a house with a pitched roof on the ground, needs take into account the compass rose.
He will look from where the wind is blowing and with what force in order to place the roof of the house in that direction. Then air flows will flow around the building. This will reduce the load on the structure as a whole.
Consider the wind rose if you do everything yourself. Incorrect placement of the cottage increases the load on the wall and roof. A pitched roof is a sail. On the one hand, it completely absorbs the wind. There will be a strong squall, and the roof could be torn off. You definitely don't need this.
Advice. In addition to the wind rose, take into account snowfall in winter. The larger it is, the higher the angle of inclination must be for the natural descent of precipitation. But you cannot make the roof higher than 45 degrees - this will also give too high a load.
If the roof slope is low, make a convenient exit to the top. You will have to use it often to remove accumulated ice or knock off ice that blocks precipitation.
Internal organization pitched roof
- transition from tree to stone walls. Without it, a point load will destroy and knock out bricks. With a Mauerlat, the pressure evenly transfers to the wall.
- Armopoyas. An analogue of the Mauerlat for houses made of concrete blocks is Sibita. This is a belt with reinforcing reinforcement inside. It is needed to protect fragile blocks from damage from pressure from above.
- Sill. It lies on the floor, takes the load from the racks and redistributes it. Without it, the floor will be pierced by high point impact.
- Run. A horizontal beam that relieves the load from the rafters. Increases the rigidity of the sheathing. Does not allow the rafter system to bend.
- Racks and struts. Supports that connect the purlin and the bed. Along them the load goes further towards the floor.
- Spacers. Supports between spans. Create additional rigidity of the frame. Increases the stability of the rafter system.
How to make rafters
There are several options for rafter systems: layered, hanging and sliding. They are selected based on the characteristics of the roof.
We tell you which system is best to use where.
Layered rafters
Reliable, but you will have to sacrifice some space in the attic.
The rafters rest on external walls and racks between them. The greater the distance, the larger and more difficult the supports need to be made.
The advantage of layered rafters is reliability and low cost. But the wider the house and the more complex the lintels, the higher the cost. So you need to strike a balance.
Keep in mind that with this design there will be less space in the attic. It will be eaten by additional supports. You will have to sacrifice part of the room or decorate the beams with partitions.
The larger the width of the house - the more complex the design of the rafter system
The greater the width of the house, the more complex the design of the truss system of a pitched roof. This is due to a different load distribution.
Up to 4.5 meters. They make the simplest design. There are walls on both sides, on which lie rafters and everything. You can continue making the roof.
From 4.5 to 6 meters. Reinforcements are already needed for the stability of the structure. They install a rafter leg, which removes the load from the roof and transfers it to the floor. The bench rests against the wall.
From 6 to 9 meters. A purlin is installed in the center on the rafters and a shelf is placed on the floor. A stand is made between them. A rafter leg is supported on the bench on each side.
From 9 to 12 meters. They make the system as in the previous case - two struts, a run on the rafters, a lie on the floor, a stand. Additionally, a strut and a bench are made near the high wall.
More than 12 meters. The most complex design. In the center they make a system of two purlins with racks and beds. They are connected by a contraction, which prevents the structure from moving apart. The struts rest on the beds.
The wider the house, the more complex and expensive the rafter system.
Hanging rafters
The best option for creating a residential attic. Because they don't need side racks.
Hanging rafters are made from ready-made trusses. They are produced to specific sizes at the factory. So a structure with ideal parameters arrives at your site. The influence of the human factor is minimized.
Trusses are made from metal and wood. Both options are good, but wood is preferable in most cases. It behaves better in residential areas and does not create additional cold bridges.
To install the trusses you will have to hire construction equipment. They are gradually delivered to construction site, assembled on the ground and installed on the roof.
Sliding rafter systems
This separate species only within the scope of the article. In fact, sliding systems are a method of attaching rafters for shrinkage houses. If you are building from raw wood or profiled timber, then be sure to use such a fastening.
During shrinkage, the geometry of the house changes. If you fix the rafters tightly, the resulting tension will damage them. As a result, the entire roof will be broken. Will no longer protect against precipitation and low temperatures.
The solution is sliding fastenings. They do not have a rigid fixation. The walls take on water and become larger - the rafters rise up. The tree dried up and shrank - the rafters returned back. Everything works on its own.
How to use the space under a pitched roof to create comfortable attic
A pitched roof is beautiful and unusual, but it is more difficult to create a comfortable interior in it. All due to the slope of the roof. It gradually eats up the height of the room.
Interior design depends on the height of the walls. The higher they are, the more functional space there is.
The nuance is that too high walls increase the cost of building a house. Most often this is due to installation high windows or the creation of a second light. You can get by with ordinary windows, but then the attic will look less beautiful.
A wall that is too low on one side can severely limit the available space. Sometimes it is not possible to place even a small bedside table under the slope. In this case, you have to fence off part of the room with plasterboard and create a new wall.
You can put anything you want under the ramp Will you use it sitting or lying down?: beds, desks, chairs, ottomans, low cabinets and so on.
Together with the designer, make an interior design. It will show the location of the furniture, the proximity of the ceiling and a comparison of all this with the average height of a person. You can evaluate how convenient it will be for everyone to use.
Make the most of the space along a high wall. Everything that is there you can use to its fullest extent. Therefore, first of all, try to put everything that will not fit on a low wall against a high wall. Wardrobes, children's sports complexes, bunk beds and work tables with add-ons.
If you are not saving space, then a high wall is perfect for a bed. You can put a huge double model, next to it there are bedside tables and a chest of drawers at the feet. A classic approach to design, as in the rooms on other floors.
Choose house designs with pitched roofs, where they use second light and install many windows. Natural light is a huge plus of such cottages. The house will be light with the first rays of the sun, just like in the Alpine style.
Examples of non-standard pitched roofs
Shed roofs can be more complex than you are used to seeing in typical designs.
We have collected several interesting options, which were actively used before or have just begun to be used in construction. Yes, they are more difficult to make, but they look unusual and sometimes provide additional functionality.
Saw roof - one slope and many windows
The saw-roof was created for the sake of functionality. But its unusual design has made it an interesting choice for modern homes.
The shape, which looks like saw teeth, comes from old factories. Previously, this was how workers and equipment were protected from direct sunlight. But diffused light was released through the side windows, which covered a large area. We received comfortable working conditions.
Now the functions of such a roof remain the same. With its help, you can make a very bright house, without significantly increasing the heating of the air and objects.
The main disadvantage is the cost. Very complex architecture. Therefore, design and construction are expensive. This is one of the reasons why you don't see such roofs in typical projects.
Rounded roof for hi-tech
Rounded roofs are not much different in functionality from ordinary pitched roofs. But you win in design if you build something modern. Rounded roofs give the house an unusual look.
This roof can be combined with other options. Cover a separate section with it - a garage or a guest extension to the house. It all depends on the idea.
The rounded roof can be adapted to regions with any weather. Just play with the tilt. Create a sharp, low fillet in windy regions. Or increase it in snowy conditions to remove precipitation faster.
The design is even more complex than the previous type. So it will also be expensive.
Projects of houses with a pitched roof
We have collected projects of houses with a pitched roof and an attic to make it easier for you to find inspiration.
The selection was varied. Different styles- European and American classics, modern minimalism, just a non-standard combination of materials. Different shapes and combinations of roofs. Different sizes. There is plenty to choose from.
Remember, any project can be improved. All you have to do is talk to the architect and tell him what you want to see. He will help you remodel the house to suit your wishes.
Project of a bright house with a pitched roof and an attic
Project of a light and spacious house with a pitched roof. The architect used an option where the slopes at different levels are directed in different directions. It looks unusual and simplifies the removal of sediment.
Lovers good views will appreciate the second light that is made in the living room.
What's on the first floor
- Terrace of 8 m2.
- Entrance hall 1.8 m2.
- Hall of 6.1 m2.
- Bathroom 3 m2.
- Boiler room 7.8 m2.
- Dressing room 2.3 m2.
- Kitchen 17.5 m2.
- Living room of 16.8 m2.
- Bedroom 14.8 m2.
A small living room can be turned into a complete entertainment area. The kitchen is spacious enough to accommodate a dining table for the whole family.
The first floor bedroom windows overlook the courtyard. Good decision to see flower beds and a well-kept garden in the morning.
What's in the attic
- Hall of 3.1 m2.
- Bathroom 4.6 m2.
- Bedroom 16.8 m2.
- Bedroom of 21.2 m2 with access to a balcony of 4.1 m2.
The large room is suitable as a master bedroom. It has higher functionality - access to the balcony, additional square meters, a high window.
Another room can be used as a nursery. In size and layout it is closer to the bedroom, which is located on the first floor.
Project brick house with a pitched roof in a minimalist style
Simple geometric shapes. Large window by the balcony in the attic. Several small viewing windows. All this creates an unusual image in the spirit of minimalism. So this house project with an attic and a pitched roof will appeal to lovers of simplicity.
What's in the plinth
- Household block 5.4 m2.
- Tambour 3 m2.
- Dressing room 5 m2.
- Bathroom 1.7 m2.
- Shower room 4.2 m2.
- Steam room 5.9 m2.
- Rest room 19.8 m2.
The basement is completely dedicated to a recreation area. There is a spacious steam room, shower room, and a place to relax. An interesting feature for those who do not want to build a separate bathhouse on the site.
Plus there's room for washing machine and a dryer. Free up some space on the first floor.
What's on the first floor
- Terrace of 17 m2.
- Entrance hall 5.7 m2.
- Hall of 7.6 m2.
- Toilet 4.2 m2.
- Pantry 5.5 m2.
- Boiler room 8.4 m2.
- Living room 44.7 m2.
- Kitchen-dining room 31.5 m2.
Spacious rooms for a large family. The large living room provides plenty of space for gatherings and creating an entertainment area. In the kitchen, besides dining table, made a place for a bar counter to quickly drink coffee.
Lunch lovers fresh air A spacious terrace awaits, accessible from the kitchen. There is already a designated place in the corner for cooking kebabs.
What's on the 2nd floor
- Hall of 6 m2.
- Bathroom 6.9 m2.
- A bedroom of 19.3 m2 with a bathroom of 3.7 m2 and a balcony of 2.7 m2.
- Bedroom of 27.6 m2 with a loggia of 9.6 m2.
- Bedroom 20 m2 and wardrobe 8.5 m2.
The bedrooms are made as functional as possible. Each has additional rooms so that the owner has a place to relax and do his own business.
The private bathroom in the master bedroom is convenient for parents to shower without queues before bed and in the morning.
What's in the attic
The total area is 34.1 m2.
The attic in this house project with a pitched roof is completely dedicated to the entertainment area. In the photo you can see one of the ideas for separating functionality. Build an entertainment area on one side and use the other as a sports complex.
Project of a spacious frame house with a pitched roof
Spacious house with simple design and thoughtful layout. There is everything for comfortable life- large living room and kitchen, several bedrooms, separate utility rooms and a garage-shed.
The project will appeal to a large family with different hobbies.
What's on the first floor
- Garage-canopy for 23.2 m2.
- Terrace of 12.9 m2.
- Tambour 2.9 m2.
- Entrance hall 6.2 m2.
- Corridor 2.5 m2.
- Bathroom 2.4 m2.
- Pantry 2.5 m2.
- 4.5 m2 utility block.
- Pantry 10.4 m2.
- Boiler room 7 m2.
- Living room 25.4 m2.
- Kitchen-dining room 22.9 m2.
Clear separation of rooms by purpose - strong point project. Separate spaces have been allocated for installing a boiler, storing garden tools and household items. Convenient for unloading the house from unnecessary cabinets.
