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What is the best way to make a floor on a balcony. What to make a balcony floor from: a review of the best solutions. Preparing for work

Repairing a balcony room seems to be a simple process that does not require significant time or money. But we must not forget that this room most of all requires protection from temperatures and precipitation, because it is located on outdoors and consists of fragile facing structures. Open balconies are especially affected, the interior decoration of which, along with external materials, is susceptible to constant corrosion and destruction. And how can we forget that it is from the balcony that the draft and cold from the concrete floor enter the apartment. Therefore, the question: what to lay on the floor on the balcony is of interest to the average person.

The need for insulation

Most of all, the need to insulate the surface of the balcony floor arises in winter time years, when a merciless draft enters the apartment. Housewives save themselves by covering the floor cracks, but this is not the most effective way. Some people prefer to lay warm carpets on the floor on the balcony, but this option is only suitable for glazed rooms.

Raising the floor level on the balcony

The most common and economical ways to insulate a room are to raise the floor level and use additional heat-saving materials. We must not forget that facing materials can also slightly increase the warmth of the floor surface.

Raising a concrete pad

A universal option that is suitable for both open rooms and glazed balconies is the application of an additional layer of cement mortar. This method will save you from questions about how to lay the floor on the balcony. This technique has a number of undeniable advantages, including the durability of the material, ease of laying the floor, increasing the level of the surface and its heat resistance, short time to complete the work, as well as the possibility of surface coating with any facing material.

Applying an additional layer of cement on the balcony

Before starting work, you should prepare everything necessary materials, namely: level, spatula, dry mortar, clean water and mixing cavity. First you need to clean the surface from dust and excess moisture, if any. Then you need to measure the floor level and its unevenness. It is important to remember that pouring work should begin from the side where the floor height is greater. Next, gradually, moving from one edge to the other, an even layer of cement is applied, which takes about two days to harden. This rough coating, which after drying will need to be leveled with facial fill.

After all the work is completed and the finishing fill has dried, you should decide how to cover the floor on the balcony in the apartment. From facing material depends on the warmth of the floor and its comfort during operation. The modern consumer is offered a lot of available options, which vary in prices, color schemes and operational features.

Logs - a method of insulation

If you decide that you should put a wooden covering on the floor of an unheated balcony, then you cannot do without the help of logs. By the way, this is one of the most effective ways of insulation. The fact is that the organization of a wooden covering is associated with the creation of an air cushion between the concrete surface and wooden flooring, which prevents the transfer of cold from the main structure to the floor covering. Also, creating such a niche allows you to place various types of heat-insulating material in it.

Working with lags begins with cleaning the surface, as well as measuring its level. Since concrete can accumulate moisture, it is necessary to first cover the surface with a layer of fiberboard treated with stain. This will prevent the entry of water and dampness. What is better to lay on the floor on the balcony as waterproofing, if not this kind of material? The fiberboard is attached using self-tapping screws. After this, wooden logs are placed on the floor at the same distance. They not only adjust the height of the future floor, but also make it possible to level the surface. To do this, durable, non-sagging material should be placed under the beams in the right places.

Floor insulation with logs and fiberboard

After the procedure is completed, you will have a surface with uniform niches in which the insulation is placed. You can choose any type of insulation material, from expanded clay to all types of fiberglass. What to lay on the floor on the balcony as insulation should be decided according to your personal needs and capabilities. The final stage- This is the fastening of a facing board surface, which is then covered with varnish, paint or laminate.

Linoleum and laminate

The facing material is no less important than the layer underneath, so the selection of materials must be taken with full responsibility. If you are deciding what to lay on the floor on an open balcony, then linoleum will be for you ideal option. This is a material that is practically unaffected by atmospheric phenomena. The only thing that may be damaged is the paint of the design. But this will not reduce the quality of the base at all. Also, linoleum is a budget material and its fastening does not require significant effort. The advantage of this option is that it can equally be fixed both on a concrete pad and on wooden floor. The main thing is to pay attention to the fact that the edges of the covering at the walls of the balcony do not create gaps for the passage of moisture.

Laminate on the balcony

Laminate flooring is more susceptible to weather conditions, especially with regard to frequent precipitation. Therefore, when choosing what is best to put on the floor on the balcony with an open facade, laminate should be excluded from the list. This material will not retain moisture and will not prevent dampness. If the coating is used on a glazed facade, then a warm carpet can be laid on top of the laminate, which will add comfort and coziness to your balcony room.

Decorative tiles

Cladding tiles are a good option if you are busy looking for solutions on what to put on the floor on your balcony. It can only be laid on a flat concrete pad, since the installation method implies the presence of gaps between the units of material. Tiles are a durable material, so they will serve you for a long time and reliably. The technique also has disadvantages. In particular, when moisture gets on the surface, it becomes slippery and dangerous, so additional coverage should be provided to protect you and your family from accidents. You also need to pay attention to the fact that the material may be damaged by mechanical shock. In general, this is one of the best options for laying the floor on a balcony when there is a lack of time and resources.

If you have not yet decided what is best to lay on the floor on the balcony, then pay attention to more expensive options. Major renovation surfaces and the use of only reliable and high-quality materials will allow you to forget for a long time about the problems of leveling and insulating the balcony room. Moreover, the balcony area is small, and you can do all the work yourself.

We make wooden floors on the balcony ourselves

After reading the article, you will learn what materials and tools are needed to build a wooden floor, how to properly mark and prepare the slab (base), fix the flag and adjust it according to the insulation level of the balcony floor and cover it with laminate.

And so you decided to do the interior decoration of your own balcony.

It begins with the installation of the floor - this is the main phase of the work, since the mark of the wall frame with plastic, MDF or wooden underlay is made from ground level.

This involves binding the bottom rod or profile to which the platform is attached.

The balcony floor can be cement, bulk, wood, tile, linoleum, carpet or other floor covering.

Let's consider the technology of attaching a wooden floor to a standard three-meter balcony of an ordinary five-story building.

Photo of the balcony after exterior finishing and removal on the window shelf.

Materials and tools

To complete the job you will need:

• console 50 * 100 - 6 m;
• straight suspension 47 * 17 - 20 pieces;
• dowels 6 * 30 without cover - 40 pieces;
• 32 mm end pieces with press - 40 pieces, 35 mm wood - 100 pieces, 45 mm - 50 pieces;
• OSB sheet 2500 * 1250 * 21 moisture resistant - 1 piece;
• foam assembly;
• outflow (mineral wool) - 3 m2;
• limited - 2.5 m2;
• pedestal 2.5 m - 3 pcs.

  Corners and connectors;

• standard set of tools - drilling with a concrete drill with a diameter of 6 mm, drilling, hammer, construction knives, saw, tape, pencil and construction level.

Installation and preparation of the balcony panel

Installing a balcony floor begins with clearing the panel of debris and foreign objects. Fill the assembly foam into the slots left after closing the balcony from the outside. Not only wind and humidity can penetrate through them, but also insects and even birds!

Particular attention should be paid to the cut along the periphery of the plate, which is located between it and the external finishing material, usually exceeding a distance of several centimeters. The outer skin falls off so the foam is not visible from the outside. If the distance is too high, place it with a stick, polystyrene or galvanized cover.

Continue marking the panel.

The magazines are finished, the distance between them is 60 cm. The size was not chosen at random. Firstly, depending on the rods, which lie at such a distance from each other, the OSB board under the weight of a person will not be difficult. Secondly, with this support arrangement, the OSB sheet can be practically used without residues with the smallest number of pieces.

The first lag from which the marking begins is on the side of the balcony, which is at a distance of 10-15 cm.

from the edge of the panel. Using the line, we remove the line, we can pour it out, roughly lay it out, and we already explain them along the bedside counter. The tape measure determines the location of the third and fifth lags.

Yes Yes! She was third and fifth! They will combine the joints of the cut parts of the OSB sheets.

I'll repeat this. The first gap is located at a distance of 10-15 cm from the edge of the panel, the third - 126 cm. The distance is taken along the width of the panel - a distance of 125 cm + 1 cm. The center of the fifth interruption should be at a distance of 125 cm from the center of the third, with the following OSB plates 125 cm , the edges of which lie in the center of these two rays.

All magazines must be perpendicular to load-bearing wall Houses.

You can control the market.

The second and fourth lags are among the open ones, and the distance between the fifth and fourth, and the fourth and third is 60 cm, and between the first three it is reduced to about 50 (due to the first beam moving 15 cm, the plate lies on the edge ).

This will result in stiffness and power on the floor when exiting the balcony.

The last 6th lag is placed at the end at a distance of 10-15 cm from the other end of the balcony.

Place the uneven rods, mark their location on the concrete and remove.

Magazine montage

On towed lines, attach dowels to the hanger - three fasteners to each stop.

Dissolve the dimensions narrower and the size.

Reliable floor on the balcony - what to do, choose the material

Since flat plates are extremely rare, the level is controlled by a wire at the highest point, and the remainder is adjusted using wooden blocks or plastic wedges. We eliminate congestion by securing them through hangers.

Photos backlog on the balcony.

The height of the floor on the balcony is adjusted in accordance with the floor in the apartment and the presence of a door before departure.

Heat and place the base plate on the balcony

Soil the soil with mineral wool.

As an alternative, you can use foam, polystyrene foam or penofol foam. Thermal insulation between support stops and cover with pre-impregnated OSB plate.

The procedure for installing a wooden floor on a balcony.

The table is over. The measured soil width is reduced by 1-2 cm taking into account the gap. We receive 2 parts 1250 mm. (width of leaves) by 750 mm, which are completely located on predetermined flags.

The last piece is cut to the size of the rest of the irregular bottom and adds the missing door piece.

The plates are screwed into the flag using screws, with “foam” on the threshold. The floor is ready!

Laminate on the balcony

Photo of laminate on the balcony.

The laminate is laid on the inner wall of the wall.

To avoid shrinkage and rattling, use a soft base, starting with the entire tape along the balcony. Leave a gap of 5 mm from the edge of the covering to the perimeter walls. For presentation, you can use cut bars with half or special plastic wedges.

Interior decoration of the balcony with wooden flooring.

The laminate at the edges is compressed by a plastic sheet and gives the entire appearance floor.

Profile Views:

Selection of materials
Leveling the floor on the balcony
Installing a wooden floor on logs
Laminate flooring for balconies
Linoleum
Floor heating on the balcony
Plate for closing the bottom of the loggia

Most homeowners enjoy an outdoor balcony and strive for glazing and insulation using the best technology available today.

Regardless, the floor on the balcony is not difficult. The approach to this should be professional, take into account all stages of work, and then the floors will be warm, beautiful and last a very long time. for a long time. Think about how the floor will be with your own hands.

Selection of materials

It is difficult to imagine a comfortable house that does not have glazing and insulation.

Thus, a microclimate suitable for indoor flowers or for filling fresh air, improves in the room. Simple glazing can increase the temperature on the body by about 5-7 ° C, and if the apartment is on the south side - about 10-12 ° C. An insulated loggia is another complete apartment.

If you decide to combine a loggia and next room, warm the walls and floor well.

When choosing material for the floor on the balcony, you must analyze everything available options and remain the most suitable.

You can insulate your floor in several ways. For example, installing a “warm floor” system.

But before that you need to do other types of work:

• soil leveling;
• thermal insulation;
• fire protection.

You can then begin the underfloor heating and final finishing.

Depending on the capabilities of the owners and the properties of the premises, the materials necessary for all stages of floor installation are selected.

Note:

• characteristics of the device on the balcony;
• degree of insulation;
• Glazing type;
• financial opportunities;
• target temperature after heating.

Even if insulation and glazing are not carried out, the installation on the balcony floor takes the following steps:

• surface leveling;
• finishing.

Economy, reliability and beauty are an integral part of the balcony floor.

The building materials from which it is made must convey:

• environmental impact;
• sudden changes in temperature;
• precipitation and weather surprises.

You should also consider the type of house.

If this open balcony, concrete screeds with expanded clay should be made, and at the end - ceramics or tiles, porcelain stoneware, artificial or a natural stone. And if it is closed, finishing the floor on the balcony can be done using materials such as laminate, lining, warm linoleum (read: “Reliable floors on the balcony - what to do, choose the material”).

Leveling the floor on the balcony

Typical homes have poor surfaces and curved surfaces. Since almost all finishing materials must be laid on a flat surface, the floor must be level on the balcony.

This will also prevent water from accumulating and entering the room.

If upon superficial inspection it is clear that the bottom of the stock is uneven, then the quality of the final extensions must be maintained.

Minor irregularities and deficiencies should also be avoided. A self-leveling mixture is used for this purpose. In case of serious surface defects, a screed or lag on wooden floors is used for leveling (see “On the balcony we level the soil: leveling possibilities”).

No additional load should be placed on the base plate; the installation of the floor on the balcony should be made of lightweight materials.

Regardless of what final materials will be used, installing the floor on the balcony with your own hands is carried out using the following technology:

• removing old gaskets;
• get rid of rot and moisture;
• seal all existing seams and cracks;
• treatment with an antifungal drug;
• leveling and sealing;
• introduce the surface or prepare the base for finishing.

Level the floor in the house in several ways:

1. Standard cement screed without thermal insulation and without filler.
2. Dry screeds with foamed polystyrene or expanded clay insulation;
3. Dry and semi-dry screed with heater.
4. Harmonization in the “warm floor” system.
5. Wooden floor on a log with or without a heater (read more: “How to make wooden floors on a balcony - installation and processing instructions”).
6. Under linoleum or laminate, leveling can be done in any way.
7. Slate under tiles.

The layer of expanded clay for good heating should be at least 3 cm.

Dry sawing is allowed with expanded clay, but this only occurs if the soil is sealed on the glass box.

It is made from a mixture of sand and cement, the ratio of which depends on the ratio between water and sand. The cement brand should also be considered. There is little water in a semi-dry screed, and the cement and sand mix well. The grout will crack if it is dry, especially if the temperature is high or low. The solution for guests is not difficult.

The solution for leveling the soil should be thick with sour cream. This solution completely covers the expanded clay, and if the mixture is very liquid, it may float.

DIY balcony floors: step-by-step instructions

Dry screed is laid out from gypsum fibers or fibrous sheets on a well-balanced cliché surface. The joints of the sheets are glued together and secured with screws at intervals of approximately 20 cm. Then set aside the polyethylene foam foil and apply laminate or linoleum to it.

Installing a wooden floor on logs

If it is difficult to choose materials for the floor, it is better to use wood.

This is a natural material that is wear-resistant. Wood has been used longer than other finishing materials to complete floors in homes.

Not only can you make a floor from wood, but you can also make an inverted balcony wall.

You should also choose the color of the floor on the balcony.

Conventional installation of a floor on a balcony with your own hands is carried out using the following technology:

1. Clean the surface and prepare for leveling.
2. A simple screed is performed.
3. When the screed has dried, the floor is waterproof on the balcony.

   To do this,
   expanding the waterproof film.

4. The magazines are stacked and attached to the base.
5. Claydite or other insulation covered.
6. The base layer or backing is placed at the end.

In soil on logs, it is necessary to take into account the height of the threshold of the door on the balcony and the insulating layer.

The size of the sticks is selected separately, since the height of the floor on the balcony may be different. For example, if you intend to install multiple layers of insulation, then you must raise the floor height. Wooden covering produced directly on the concrete slab. It is recommended to apply a waterproofing film.

If you want to put a flag on your balcony, you need the same distance from each other and better in all directions.

This will make setup easier horizontal level. The space between the flags is covered with expanded clay.

The end plates are tied to the logs. You can use a ready-made wooden shield and secure it with a tripod.

Do not forget about the existence of a threshold, which should be beautifully decorated (more: “We produce balconies: what material to choose”). It will open a gap and widen the difference in floor height between the balcony and the living areas.

Laminate flooring for balconies

If the area of ​​the house is small, you can buy expensive and high-quality laminate flooring. It will take a little time, and therefore its purchase will not have a significant impact on the budget. For a balcony or loggia, buy a laminate that is resistant to moisture, as water will become damp with regular laminate and weaken (also read: “The laminate was placed in a log installation with your own hands”).

If you intend to install a "warm floor" system, you must choose a laminate with the appropriate label. However, such material will cost more.

Linoleum

The floors are also sealed in logs using insulated linoleum.

This flooring is practical. Unlike simple thin linoleum, there is a large thickness and fibrous base. The price of insulated linoleum is higher, but the difference is obvious. The soils will be much warmer than regular linoleum, you can walk barefoot.

The base for linoleum is also stable and warm. Thin linoleum can also be warm if you insulate the base or use a “warm floor” system.

Ideally, the whole piece will be there. If the floor is complex on the balcony, the maximum space and length are measured, and these dimensions add 2-5 cm. When you buy linoleum of the appropriate size, it needs to be stretched at home, so it will be level. After a few days, the leaf shape spreads under the floor of the box with sharp knife. The edges must be crushed by something heavy.

If you suddenly remove an extra 2-3 cm, don't worry, these defects will hide the pedestal. How well the edging works depends on the quality of the linoleum.

It is advisable to use removable strips with an adjustable edge. It completely surrounds the surfaces of the joints.

You can hide under the footer:

• communications and wires;
• fixed telephone line;
• electrical cable;
• Internet cable;
• Antenna cable for TV.

Measuring the length of the knitting is necessary taking into account the connection that fixes the decorative corner.

After placing the platform on all sides, the corners are assembled. All corners should be well secured and secured to the wall. The entire length of the base is attached to the wall using a self-tapping screw with the same pitch.

How to make log floors from linoleum? This task is not easy. "Cold welding" is used to fasten parts with completely straight edges. To heat the adhesive that applies to the back of the linoleum, cardboard or other host material is placed under the bundle. The heating must then be extended either by construction hair dryer or a hot iron to “take” the glue.

The glue is very difficult to remove, so it should not protrude through the seam. Once the glue is complete, the boxes and cartons will be removed. The result is a smooth seam.

Floor heating on the balcony

Think about how to make a warm floor on the balcony. To obtain high-quality insulated floors, all seams and cracks must be very well sealed. There should be on the balcony good waterproofing floor. For this purpose it is easier to use pre-assembled foam, silicone or sealant.

Care must be taken to ensure that everything is pleasant to see. To clean silicone pigments, any remaining foam must be removed.

When designing a heated floor, there are two layers:

1. Draft with installed heating system;
2. Finish with finishing.

For the top cover you can choose:

• marble slabs;
• porcelain tiles;
• tile;
• carpet covering;
• parquet board;
• laminate;
• linoleum.

The height of the base layer for insulation of any type of “warm floor” should be 10-15 cm.

Thresholds will hide the difference in levels.

It is better to have heated floors installed by professionals. To save money, you can create your own zip ties.

Plate for closing the bottom of the loggia

In an open box perfect finish any tile will work, especially if the base is a cement screed. The choice of color, pattern, texture is huge. Most often, you will end up finding tiles, ceramic tiles and porcelain pots.

The soil of such materials will, of course, be reliable and durable if you do not fall into heavy objects. The bottom of the tiles has disadvantages: slippery and cold. As a rule, a warm carpet is installed on such a floor.

The floor is laid on the balcony as follows:

• Old surfaces are removed and the surface is ready for leveling.
• The waterproofing film is washed.
• The heater is foldable.
• We evaluate or make a mixture.
• In the usual way, using “crosses”, which are necessary to ensure that the seams are of equal thickness, the tiles are placed on the appropriate adhesive.
• Treatment of joints using an injection mass or sealant.

The balcony floor is better than a hard porcelain pot.

However, there are problems with installation: due to its power, it shrinks significantly. There is also a special tile that is laid without seams. It even forms a hard surface, such as under marble.

It was figured out how to properly make balcony floors with different materials, so it turned out beautiful and lasted a long time.

Types of flooring
Features of linoleum
Laminate characteristics
Carpet on the balcony
Laying ceramic tiles
Wood floors
Self-leveling floors - modern coating
Which coating should you choose?

Everyone who decides to equip their balcony strives to make it beautiful, high-quality and functional.

To do this, the floor, wall and ceiling decoration are changed. Let's consider what is better to lay on the floor on the balcony.

Types of flooring

There is no single option than to cover the floor on the balcony.

Almost all floor coverings have the same characteristics and perform their functions perfectly.

To make floors on the loggia, the options may be as follows:

• linoleum;
• laminate;
• carpet;
• ceramic tile;
• wooden floors;
• Self-leveling floors.

Let's look at the features of each type of coating and decide which floor is best for the balcony.

Features of linoleum

Linoleum has a number of positive characteristics:

1. Low price.
2. Easy to use.
3. Quite easy to install.
4. A variety of colors and types, which allows you to easily and quickly choose exactly what you need.
5. Long service life.
6. Quite high quality.

Linoleum, in addition to the listed advantages, has several disadvantages.

The floor on the balcony should be made of a single piece of material. If you cover the floor with several pieces, then moisture will accumulate under the linoleum, and this is bad.

And one more minus: after some time the coating fades and loses its original appearance.

Laminate characteristics

What else can you lay on the floor on the balcony? As finishing You can use laminate flooring. A wide range allows you to choose a coating suitable for any design.

The laminate is laid on a flat concrete base, on which a backing is spread that prevents friction between plastic and concrete, and also serves as insulation (more details: “Laying laminate on loggias - do-it-yourself installation”).

In winter, laminate flooring cannot be laid on the balcony. Especially if the temperature is below 10 degrees and the air humidity is more than 70%.

Work can be carried out at temperatures above 5 degrees.

This material is beautiful and lightweight, however, it has significant drawback- can't stand it high humidity. Can be used on a balcony only if it is glazed with high quality and moisture does not get inside.

Carpet on the balcony

You can also use carpet on the loggia.

This material has a long service life. Adapts perfectly to various conditions. Carpet can also be used on uneven surface. However, to make it convenient and comfortable to walk on it, it is necessary concrete screed make it as smooth as possible.

You can walk on the carpet barefoot, as it is pleasant and soft to the touch. Big choice color range, which makes it possible to select materials for any interior.

The disadvantage of this coating is that it absorbs a lot of dust, so you need to vacuum it often.

Laying ceramic tiles

When choosing what to put on the floor on the balcony, you can decide in favor of ceramic tiles.

Beautiful appearance, a huge number of color variations and patterns. You can lay tiles on the balcony yourself. The service life is quite long. The appearance does not change for approximately 10 years. Easy to clean: most often just wipe with a damp cloth.

The tiles are of high quality.

However, this material is very cold and requires additional insulation. This can be done using various underfloor heating systems (for more details: “How to make a heated floor on a loggia with your own hands”). Ceramics is a heavy material, and it is not advisable to overload the balcony slab. Therefore, you should pay attention to lighter types of ceramic tiles.

Wood floors

The pressing question that arises when a loggia floor is being made is: what should it be made of?

You can use wood. It's the easiest to work with. The material itself is warm, so it requires almost no insulation. Your feet will always be warm and comfortable on a wooden floor. The advantages of the boards are their light weight and wear resistance (read: “How to make a wooden floor on a balcony - installation and processing instructions”).

When choosing boards, you should pay attention to their humidity; it should be no higher than 10%. And also for distortions along the edge and thickness, no more than 2 mm and 1 mm, respectively.

To prevent the wooden floor from rotting and to serve for a very long time, the boards must be treated with special protective compounds and apply varnish.

Making such a floor on a balcony is not difficult; even a non-professional can handle it.

The disadvantages of such a floor include the need to periodically update the coating. After some time it will lose its attractive appearance.

Self-leveling floors - modern coating

Self-leveling floors are not in great demand.

This is a pretty high quality coating. The floor can be made of absolutely any color; for this you need to add the appropriate color scheme.

You can also draw a design you like or cover the floor with various patterns (read more: “How to fill a self-leveling floor on a balcony with your own hands”).

The self-leveling floor requires additional insulation. In order for the coating to last as long as possible, it must be coated with several layers of varnish. This floor needs periodic updating.

How to lay the floor on the balcony

Which coating should you choose?

It was decided to improve the floor on the balcony, what to make better of - a question that everyone asks. When choosing a material, you need to take into account all the features of a particular floor covering.

The final decision is influenced by the service life and quality of the material, ease of installation, range, cost and weight.

Under any selected floor covering it is necessary to install vapor and moisture insulation. They will not allow moisture to enter from lower tiers into the room. In this case, there will be no high humidity on the loggia (read also: “How to make a floor on a loggia with your own hands - finishing stages”).

If you are finishing a balcony in an old house, then it is better to choose lighter materials. You should not create additional load on load-bearing concrete slabs that have lost their original strength.

The easiest material to install is linoleum.

All you need is a sharp utility knife and a tape measure. If the humidity percentage in the room is higher than allowed for linoleum, then you should not lay it.

Then what should the floor on the balcony be made of? In this case, you can make the floor from wood (oak or hornbeam). This option is simple and high quality. A floor made from this material is very simple to make; moreover, it is warm and has a long service life.

Wooden materials are considered the best in terms of price and quality.

Repairs to such a coating will not be necessary soon. It only needs to be re-varnished or painted every few years to maintain its original appearance.

Let's sum it up

There are a large number of flooring materials that will make the flooring warm and cozy, and will also match the interior. And yet, what floor is better to make on the loggia?

Among the coatings that are in great demand in terms of price-quality ratio, wooden floors occupy a leading position.

The price of wood is lower than, for example, tiles.

Tools and materials you will need to install the floor on the balcony with your own hands:

Layout diagram

• perforator;
• bolt drills and nozzles;
• sawing machines (as far as possible);
• hammer;
• construction knife;
• balloon mounting foam;
• construction gun;
• pencil;
• roulettes;
• dowels;
• self-tapping screws;
• heater 5 mm thick;
• I don't know;
• plywood;
• polystyrene or expanded polystyrene.

Laying insulation

All work on a balcony or loggia, especially for processing, must begin with cleaning.

You need to thoroughly clean the soil, wash it and carry it properly. First, flags are placed to provide a higher layer of insulation.

Installation diagram on glass mesh.

Then you need to engage in such a creative process as insulation isolation. Thermal insulation should be thin and placed over the entire surface of the balcony.

It should be cut back where necessary and try to be set in such a way that the outputs and conclusions are as small as possible.

When the first layer is laid, you should carefully review the result. If this is satisfactory, you can proceed to install the embedded foam around the entire circumference of the insulation. Each seam and seam is foamed and then the results are looked at again.

Finally, the excess foam must be cut with a knife.

Then you need to put another layer of insulation.

On the balcony we produce floors: 3 simple steps from concrete slab to laminate or tiles

To make this layer precise and of good quality, it will be necessary to do the laying movement, while we try to avoid the impact of the bottom and bottom seams. All this ripens together, dries and reduces the excess again. After this, isolation is no longer needed.

You should know that you don't need to install logs. In some cases you can do this without them.

Laying order

The next step will be laying the wood and plywood.

Before doing this important work, you will need to measure the balcony. The soil is measured from the wall to the parapets, after which some measurements are taken.

Particular attention should be paid to measuring angles, which are often asymmetrical, so the distance to the balcony fence may vary.

Once the required data is obtained, the lattice and plywood will be measured and cut.

The first stick should not be placed close to the wall, but with an alignment of 10 cm. All subsequent segments of rods should be placed parallel to each other, the distance between them should be at least 40 cm.

The last part should be installed in the same way as the first.

Balcony location.

Expanded polystyrene or polystyrene foam is firmly inserted into the cells between the rods.

The second option is better. This is due to the fact that the foam releases small amounts of toxic substances and is therefore not even advisable to use it in logs that will be used as a flat. In addition, foam can break easily. Remember that you will need to fill the slots left after installation by fixing foam.

Then the second layer of the beam is applied.

It should be perpendicular to the first one. This insulation method can create an air cushion that can improve insulation and add strength to the substrate.

On the second layer of the beam is plywood, in which the finishing material should be laid in the future.

It should be noted that not all boilers will be located on the balcony. We do not recommend using expanded clay instead of plywood. This material is a poor thermal insulator and requires a thick insulating layer to work. You can use mineral wool, but this may cause additional inconvenience in the form of vapor barrier equipment, which must be carried out in the highest class.

Electric floor heating device

It should be noted that you can simply install electric heated floors on the balcony.

In this case, the heating cable must be installed under a special parking panel. This arrangement can be done in winter period, while you use it on the day of installation.

Electric heating installation diagram.

Electric floor heating will not lead to high energy costs.

In this case, the main thing is the correct installation of equipment and its economical use. Another advantage of this floor is that it does not require additional heating of the balcony.

If other methods are used, even with the strictest work technological process and high quality insulation in winter, it can get quite cold. You will need to install additional heat sources.

It should be noted that heating the loggia using central heating is strictly prohibited.

The most suitable sources of additional heat for insulating a balcony are electric heaters.

In addition, oil heaters and convectors can fit perfectly inside and provide a comfortable temperature. Installing air conditioners will perform a double service: you will get coolness in the summer and a warm-up in the winter.

Various conclusions are possible

Everyone understands that the easiest way to complete a painting.

Several types of colors are suitable for this: pentaphentine, alkyd and silicone.

First, the surface must be washed and dried.

In the case of wells and irregularities, they can be cemented with cement mortar. Don't forget that you will need to set a flag.

The advantage of this method is its low cost.

Weaknesses - This floor cannot last long.

Another option is to heat it and cover it with a wood panel. The panel should run along the length of the balcony. In this case, plywood can be useful (for wall decoration). First you must set the flag.

The downside is that wood is not a solid substance and has a tendency to burst due to differences in humidity and temperature.

The next option is linoleum. In this case, you should measure the dimensions of the balcony before purchasing and buying linoleum in one piece.

Stacking is done in one piece. Linoleum should be chosen thick, lined to provide at least extra heat. In this case, no deviation is required.

Just like with paint trim, you'll need to repair any cracks or cracks. If this is not done, the linoleum can be sold.

The advantage of this option is that linoleum has nice view and can be washed usually with a damp cloth.

Instead of linoleum, you can use laminate.

It is very easy to maintain, has a stylish appearance and does not require calling in experts to install laminate flooring. If the bottom is uneven, you will need to install logs.

Making a wooden floor on the balcony with your own hands

After reading the article, you will learn what materials and tools are needed to install a wooden floor, how to properly mark and prepare the slab (base), secure the logs and level them, how to insulate the floor on the balcony and cover it with laminate.

And so, you decided to do the interior decoration of your balcony yourself.

It’s worth starting with installing the floor - this main stage work, since marking the frame for wall cladding with plastic, MDF or wooden clapboard is made from the flooring level.

It is also bound to bottom beam or profile to which the plinth is attached.

The floor on the balcony can be cement, self-leveling, wood, covered with tiles, linoleum, carpet or other floor coverings.

Let's consider the technology of installing a wooden floor on a standard three-meter balcony of an ordinary five-story building.

Photo of the balcony after exterior finishing and removal along the windowsill.

Materials and tools

To complete the work you will need:

• timber 50*100 – 6 m;
• straight suspension 47*17 - 20 pcs.;
• dowels 6*30 without cap - 40 pcs.;
• sharp self-tapping screws 32 mm with a press washer - 40 pcs., for wood 35 mm - 100 pcs., 45 mm - 50 pcs.;
• OSB sheet 2500*1250*21 moisture resistant - 1 pc.;
• polyurethane foam;
• isover (mineral wool) - 3 m2;
• laminate – 2.5 m2;
• skirting boards 2.5 m – 3 pcs.

  Corners and connectors;

• standard set of tools - a hammer drill with a concrete drill with a diameter of 6 mm, a drill, a hammer, construction knives, a hacksaw, a tape measure, a pencil and a construction level.

Marking and preparing balcony slabs

We begin installing the floor on the balcony by cleaning the slab from debris and foreign objects.

We fill the gaps left after covering the outside of the balcony with foam. Through them, not only wind and moisture can penetrate under the flooring, but insects and even birds! Particular attention should be paid to the gaps around the perimeter of the slab, since, as a rule, there is a distance of several centimeters between it and the exterior finishing material.

The outer skin is lowered, so the foam will not be visible from the outside. If the distance is too large, cover it with timber, polystyrene or cover it with a galvanized strip.

Let's start marking the slab. The logs are placed crosswise, the distance between them is 60 cm.

The size was not chosen by chance. Firstly, resting on beams lying at such a distance from each other, the OSB board will not bend under the weight of a person. Secondly, with this arrangement of supports, the OSB sheet can be used practically without residue with a minimum number of cuts.

The first log, from which the marking begins, is located on the side of the balcony exit at a distance of 10-15 cm.

from the edge of the slab. Using a level, we draw a line; you can cut the logs, roughly lay them out and outline them along the lying timber. Using a tape measure, we determine the location of the third and fifth logs. Yes Yes! Exactly the third and fifth! The joints of the sawn parts of the OSB sheet will fall on them.

I repeat. The first lag is located at a distance of 10-15 cm.

from the edge of the slab, the third - 126 cm. The distance is taken along the width of the slab - 125 cm + 1 cm of gap. The center of the fifth log should be at a distance of 125 cm from the center of the third, the next 125 cm piece will fall on them OSB boards, the edges of which will lie in the center of these 2 beams.

All logs must be perpendicular to the load-bearing wall of the house.

You can control it with a square.

The 2nd and 4th logs are placed between the exposed ones, the distance between the fifth and fourth and fourth and third will be equal to 60 cm, and between the first three it will decrease to approximately 50 (due to the fact that the first beam was shifted from 15 cm, and the slab lies to the edge). This will give rigidity and strength to the floor at the exit to the balcony.

We lay the last 6th log at the end at a distance of 10-15 cm from the other edge of the balcony.

Having laid out the beams, we draw their location on the concrete and remove them.

Installation of logs

Along the drawn lines we fasten the suspensions with dowels - three fasteners for each joist.

We arrange the logs already cut to size in them and set them according to the level. Because smooth slabs are extremely rare, we control the level from the beam, which is located at the highest point, adjusting the rest using pieces of wood or plastic wedges placed under them.

We fix the logs by screwing them through the hangers.

Photo of leveled logs on the balcony.

The height of the floor on the balcony is adjusted relative to the floor in the apartment and the presence of a threshold in front of the exit.

We insulate and lay the base floor slab on the balcony

We insulate the floor with mineral wool.

As an option, you can use foam boards, polystyrene foam or foil foam. We lay the insulation between the load-bearing joists and cover it with a pre-sawn OSB board.

The process of installing a wooden floor on the balcony.

The slab is sawn across.

We reduce the measured width of the floor by 1-2 cm, taking into account the gaps. We get 2 pieces of 1250 mm. (sheet width) by 750 mm, which will fit perfectly on pre-set logs. We cut out the last piece to the size of the remaining part of the misplaced floor and add the missing part of the threshold.

We screw the slabs to the joists with self-tapping screws, and “foam” a piece at the threshold.

The subfloor is ready!

Laying laminate flooring on the balcony

Photo of laying laminate flooring on the balcony.

Laminate flooring is installed after internal lining walls

What floor to lay on the balcony

To avoid squeaking and knocking, we use a soft substrate, starting with a whole strip along the balcony. From the edge of the covering to the walls around the perimeter we leave a gap of 5 mm. To set it up, you can use half-centimeter bars chopped or special plastic wedges.

Interior decoration of balcony with wooden floor.

The laminate is pressed at the edges plastic skirting board and gives the floor a finished look.

Setting up a wooden floor on a balcony or loggia with your own hands is not difficult if you take the advice of the experts. It is only important to remember the necessary protective measures against temperature and humidity. If you follow the technology, you can get a beautiful and environmentally friendly coating that is pleasant to step on even barefoot.

Advantages of a wooden floor

If you like to go out onto your balcony or terrace barefoot, you will certainly appreciate the benefits natural material, warm not only due to low thermal conductivity, but also, according to experts, due to its natural origin.

• Laying boards on joists, provided that all operations are performed accurately, allows you to obtain a flat surface.
• A large selection of coatings opens up wide design possibilities. Wooden floors that retain their natural color, pattern, and texture are popular.

The advantages of a wooden floor on joists include:

• the ability to raise the level (relevant for balconies with high steps),
• floor leveling,
• long service life of boards,
• possibility of high-quality insulation,
• environmental friendliness and beautiful appearance,

Preparing for work

Before installing a wooden floor on a balcony with your own hands, it is important to choose the right materials. To avoid problems caused by moisture, special impregnation of all structural elements is required.

• If cost-effectiveness of the project is a priority, you can impregnate the boards and joists yourself, but the process will take time (including a drying period).
• You can speed up your work by purchasing ready-made elements with impregnation. They are more expensive, but you can start working immediately after purchasing everything you need.

If you purchase “raw” lumber, before installation you will need dry it at room temperature. It is important to carefully inspect the timber and boards after drying. If some of them are deformed during the process, they are discarded; they are not suitable for installing a wooden floor.

Before you make a wooden floor on the balcony with your own hands, you should carefully prepare the surface:

• dismantle the old covering,
• remove the trash
• sweep or (at best) remove dust and small debris with a vacuum cleaner,
• dry (if necessary).

Tip: If the slab has a lot of unevenness, then it makes sense to make it out of wood before installing the floor.

Materials and tools

To lay a wooden floor on a loggia with your own hands, you will need a certain set of tools, which are important to prepare in advance along with the materials so that there are no interruptions in work in the future.

• The best logs are timber made of hard wood (for example, oak). Metal structures can give excess weight, which is undesirable for a balcony. This option can be used, but is not optimal.
• Flooring is easiest and most practical to make from floorboards. The elements of such a coating have the necessary impregnation, they are equalized in thickness and have embossed ends for connection using the tongue-and-groove principle. Edged board requires sanding when performing flooring; a sanded board has carefully leveled surfaces on all sides, so that the boards fit tightly to each other. Budget options flooring - plywood and.
• For thermal and waterproofing, you will need to cover the cracks with waterproof plaster. At large size holes, it is optimal to use polyurethane foam for these purposes. You will also need a waterproof film.
• For the heat-insulating layer choose: penoplex, polystyrene foam or other materials with low coefficient thermal conductivity.

To make a wooden floor on a loggia, you will need the following tools:

• screwdriver,
• drill,
• electric jigsaw or hacksaw,
• construction stapler,
• hammer,
• level (length more than 1 meter),
• knife for cutting insulation.

Sequence of work

Precise adherence to the sequence of work will help avoid mistakes.

Waterproofing

To protect materials from the penetration of moisture from the outside, all cracks are carefully sealed. After this, a waterproofing film is laid. Now the wooden floor on your balcony is reliably protected from moisture, but you will also need to protect the heat-insulating layer from water that may get in during wet cleaning. The second layer of film is applied after installing the insulation. You can use it as the first layer, which will create additional insulation.

Installation of logs

Longitudinal logs are mounted along the balcony, parallel to the load-bearing wall. On typical balconies, three are usually enough - one is fixed in the center of the floor, and two are fixed at the edges. Anchors or dowel-nails are used as fasteners.

Installation of joists is a critical stage of installation; at this time, the future floor is leveled horizontally. The position of each log is checked with a level; if there is a tilt of the concrete base of the balcony or its unevenness, in the right places the height of the log is adjusted with a wooden or plastic lining. When fastening it, like the joist itself, it is stitched through and through with a self-tapping screw.

More reliable basis there will be a structure consisting of transverse and longitudinal logs. The transverse ones are installed first with an interval of 40-50 cm. The longitudinal logs are laid on top of them. As a rule, longitudinal logs are more massive than transverse ones. Fastening of longitudinal logs is carried out through the passage of self-tapping screws, which are recessed into the body of the log by 1.5-2 cm.

All logs are installed so that they do not come into contact with the walls.

Important: When installing joists, you must take into account the final height of the floor along with the finishing coating, which should not exceed the height of the balcony threshold.

Insulation

The insulation is placed in the space between the joists, maybe a little short of them top level. The air-filled space becomes additional thermal insulation. Cutting thermal insulation materials is easily done with a stationery or construction knife. A film is laid on top of the heat-insulating layer; it can be fixed to the joists using a construction stapler.

As mentioned earlier, you can increase the insulation of the floor by laying heat-reflecting material before installing the insulation. When laying it, as well as when laying film, it is important to ensure an overlap of 20-25 cm on the walls on all sides.

Laying the covering

The boards on the joists are laid in the direction from the wall. When laying, the position of the first board must be checked with a square or level. The covering must be positioned strictly perpendicular to the wall. Having retreated 1 - 1.5 cm from the wall, the first board with the cut tenon is fixed with self-tapping screws. At this stage It is important to fulfill certain conditions:

• Three edges of the first board (the fourth will be in contact with the second board) do not touch the walls, the size of the gaps is 10-15 mm.
• The fastening screws are screwed in at an angle of 45°.

After this, perform the following steps:

1. Having measured a distance slightly larger than the width of the board, install an auxiliary rail using self-tapping screws.
2. The second panel is laid next to the first and connected by end fastening.
3. To press the boards closer together, 2-3 wedges are inserted between the second board and the batten. When they are hammered in, the gap decreases. It’s also convenient to fit the boards close to each other without using a batten. using an impact block, which you can make yourself from wood.
4. Each board is additionally fixed with self-tapping screws into a groove at an angle.
5. The first and last flooring boards are additionally secured with self-tapping screws to the joists along the longitudinal line.

These steps are repeated required amount times, after which the laid floor is framed with baseboards.

The question “how to cover a wooden floor on a balcony” can also be resolved in favor of plywood or pressed sheets if subsequent flooring of linoleum or laminate is planned. Laying such materials on logs is not difficult. The joints of the sheets must run along the joists. The sheets are fastened to the joists using self-tapping screws at intervals of 20 cm. It is most convenient to drill holes in the sheets before doing this.

Finish coating

It remains to decide how to treat the wooden floor on the balcony or loggia after installation. The classic solution to the problem is painting. It is only important to choose the right paint that will be moisture resistant and can retain its qualities when exposed to ultraviolet rays and temperature changes. For the best quality of paint coating, it is made in multi-layers with the obligatory drying of each layer before applying the next.

The final stage is coating the wood floor with varnish.

You can preserve the beauty of the natural wood pattern by using colorless varnish. To batten bought it on the balcony original look, use stain or coloring impregnations before applying varnish. Types of materials for covering lining.

Choosing a floor covering is not as simple a process as it might seem at first glance.

The floor on the loggia must meet certain characteristics.

It must be warm and resistant to negative impacts(for example, changes in humidity and temperature), pleasant to the touch, dry and easy to use. The modern market offers many types of flooring that meet such requirements. You can lay the floor with your own hands, since any coating options, by and large, allow you to carry out the work yourself.

Preparatory work

Before choosing a floor covering, you need to carry out preparatory work, because prepare the rough base for laying the finishing coating. First we make a cement screed, with which you can level the rough base. Work on its installation is carried out in the following sequence:

1. First of all, it is completely cleaned working surface from dirt, dust, oil stains and other contaminants.
2. Next, a concrete-contact composition is applied to the surface, which will ensure high-strength adhesion of the cement mortar.
3. If the loggia is large, then it will be necessary to make temporary wooden formwork around the perimeter of the room.
4. Then, using a building level, beacons are installed, which will allow you to properly level the surface.
5. Next, prepare the leveling solution in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
6. Cement mortar or self-leveling screed is applied to the rough surface. The solution will dry for quite a long time (several weeks), while a self-leveling screed will dry much faster, so many experts recommend using it.

The screed also allows you to raise the rough foundation, for which a high-quality cement mortar enough large quantities. For this type of screed to dry completely, you will need to wait about a month.

Self-leveling floors for loggias

It is quite difficult to talk about which is better to make the floor on the loggia.

The flooring can be anything: linoleum, laminate, wood flooring, tiles.

It is also possible to use ordinary plywood. In recent years, self-leveling floors, which are created on the basis of self-leveling compounds, have become widespread. This type of coating is not subject to negative weather and temperature influences, so even in an open loggia nothing will happen to it.

Polymer self-leveling coating for a loggia it has an important advantage - the composition is leveled without any additional intervention. But for self-leveling floors, you need to carefully prepare the rough base: a screed is made that will level the surface, after which a polymer leveling compound is applied to it. It is also possible that the cement screed will not be too smooth.

The principle of applying the polymer composition to the prepared surface is exactly the same as in the case of the device cement screed(the screed just takes longer to dry). It is worth noting that a polymer composition cannot be applied to a plywood base. Raise the floor surface on the loggia using polymer coating will not work.

Ceramic tiles for loggia

Ceramic tiles will look good on both open and closed loggias. This material is not exposed to atmospheric influences, so it is not afraid of moisture, snow and wind.

For loggias and balconies, experts and designers recommend choosing ceramic tiles that will have a rough surface.

The best option is tiles with an anti-slip surface. This will ensure high level safety when using the floor covering. Which tile option is best to choose for the loggia is up to the owners to decide.

Before installing the tiles, it is necessary to level the rough surface. The tiles cannot be laid on a base with defects and height differences. For leveling, a cement composition or a self-leveling screed is again suitable, which can not only level the surface, but also raise the base, which is often required when.

Ceramic tiles cannot be laid independently - for this it is not necessary to invite specialists, because installation work in a small loggia area can be carried out quite quickly. It is important to understand that ceramic tiles cannot be laid on a plywood base. It is better to make a high-quality screed for it.

Terrace board for loggia

Terrace boards are a relatively new type of flooring with high performance and performance characteristics. The board is great for use on open loggias without glazing.

This material is not subject to negative influences and is quite durable.

Leveling the surface can be done using a screed, but laying the decking boards is done, in most cases, on wooden logs or bars that are attached to the rough base. Before installation, it is recommended to raise the floor surface in any way. The boards can be adjusted during the laying process, for which special fastenings are used.

In stores today you can find big choice terrace board models. The material can have different shades and colors, have a unique structure and texture. Which better option Suitable for a loggia – it’s up to the homeowners to decide. Special fasteners are used that come with the material, so the coating can be done quickly and with your own hands.

Before laying the floor, careful leveling of the rough surface is not required. It is worth noting that when using a decking board, it will be possible to raise the floor surface well. It is not recommended to lay boards on plywood sheets.

Wooden floors for loggias

The floor on the loggia, if it is wooden, is the most common option for finishing a closed loggia. This coating can be done by hand. And you can even choose which one better way suitable for installation wooden boards. For use in loggia conditions, it is recommended to buy lumber with high moisture-resistant characteristics, even if the room is well insulated and protected from moisture penetration and condensation. Wooden floors should also be treated with antiseptics.

Wooden floor on the loggia.

The wooden floor is laid on logs. Ideally, you need to make a lag sheathing, which is presented in the form of a durable box placed around the perimeter of the loggia.

Between individual lags you need to maintain a distance of 0.4-0.5 m.

It is recommended to fasten the lags using wooden bosses. Between the lags, after installing the sheathing, it is strongly recommended to lay insulation with your own hands (which one is up to the owners to choose), and also raise it to the level of the finishing coating.

Floor joists with filler.

It is best to choose soft specialized materials that can be stuffed into the space between the joists (for example, slabs mineral wool). With the help of logs, the final leveling of the base for laying the boards is performed. During the installation process, the boards are adjusted to each other - the formation of cracks and gaps should not be allowed, after which they are attached to the joists using long nails or self-tapping screws. You can do all this with your own hands. Wooden floors should not be laid on plywood sheets.

Linoleum and laminate for loggia

If leveling the rough base of the loggia is done using plywood, then laminate or linoleum can be used as a finishing coating. Leveling using plywood is the easiest option. Of course, plywood will not be able to raise the surface of the subfloor, but it is an excellent base if you plan to install laminate or linoleum.

Linoleum on the loggia.

Laminate is the same as a wooden floor, but with much better performance and performance characteristics.

On the modern market, laminate and linoleum are presented in a wide variety.

The most interesting thing is that most of these models imitate a wooden floor.

Laminate flooring can be laid independently because modern models Laminate floors are equipped with a special locking system, so installation is carried out using a “floating” method, i.e. without attaching the coating to the sub-base. Linoleum can also be laid on its own - everything must be done in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

Modern linoleum has very good performance indicators and can last in a loggia for decades.

Floor coverings made from wooden planks are popular not only when installing floors in residential premises, but also when making surfaces on a balcony, loggia or terrace. The wooden floor on the balcony is beautiful and warm. Moreover, the comfort of the surface is ensured not only by the possibility of laying insulation under the plank floor, but also by the characteristics of the material. Provided that the installation technology is followed, the balcony decking will serve you for decades. If you don’t know how to make a wooden floor on a balcony with your own hands, step-by-step instruction from our article will help you in your work.

Advantages and disadvantages of wooden flooring on the balcony

Before making a wooden floor on the balcony, let's consider the main pros and cons of such a covering. Wooden floorboards are a material natural origin, which is traditionally used for flooring. Wood has low thermal conductivity, so the floor on the balcony made of boards is the best option devices for comfortable and warm covering in a room without heating.

The advantages of such flooring include the following:

• aesthetic appeal;
• Possibility of use in any interior;
• ease of processing (fastening and cutting wood is carried out without the use of special equipment);
• environmental cleanliness is very important for homes with children and allergy sufferers;
• if you lay the floor from durable beech, oak or larch wood, the surface will serve you for several decades while maintaining all its performance characteristics;
• the best solution for balconies with a low floor is to cover it with plank flooring along the joists (in the end it will be possible to understand it to the level inside the room);
• to level an uneven base made of a concrete slab, the easiest way is to lay a plank covering;
• installation of a wooden structure will allow you to perform high-quality insulation balcony;
• It is possible to lay plank floors even on dilapidated concrete slabs, since the structure does not load them at all.

Wooden flooring on a loggia or balcony has its disadvantages:

• wood is susceptible to rot, mold and insect damage;
• the material is flammable;
• Wood quickly absorbs moisture from the air and becomes deformed.

Important! All wood defects are minimized if the elements are treated with antiseptics to protect against rotting and fire retardants to prevent fire. To ensure that the coating does not absorb moisture so quickly, the floors are painted and varnished.

It is best to cover the floor with boards on glazed balcony, so the operating conditions will be as close as possible to a residential premises. If you decide to cover an unglazed balcony with a plank floor, then carefully choose the wood. Give preference to moisture-resistant species, such as larch, and get ready for more thorough surface care.

Preparing the concrete base of the balcony

If you are making wooden floors on your balcony with your own hands, then pay special attention to preparing the base. If the concrete slab is strong enough and in good condition, then the preparatory work is as follows:

1. Using a cement-sand mortar, we seal all the cracks, holes and crevices in the base. Using polyurethane foam, we seal all joints of structures.
2. Let's start leveling the surface. To do this, we cut off the protruding mortar, concrete and mounting loops.
3. We prime the surface using deep penetration primer solutions. They are applied to the concrete slab and the lower part of the walls.

If the concrete slab is old and has many defects, make a new screed:

1. Apply to the junction of the house wall and the slab waterproofing mastic. The composition is applied to the wall and slab to a width of 10 cm.
2. We attach temporary formwork around the perimeter to a height of 100 mm.
3. We install lighthouse slats along the slab. Align them in horizontal plane by level.
4. Pour in the cement mortar and level it over the beacons.
5. The next day, we remove the lighthouse slats and fill the voids with mortar.
6. Let the screed dry for a couple of weeks.

Floor waterproofing

When making a wooden floor on a loggia with your own hands, do not neglect waterproofing the base. It will protect the floor from dampness, mold and mildew. For this purpose, the surface can be treated with impregnation, paint, waterproof plaster, rubber, liquid glass and cover with roll materials.

When performing waterproofing, pay attention to the following recommendations:

• The easiest way to waterproof using polyethylene film. The material is laid with an overlap, and the joints are taped. Use two layers of film and place it on the wall to a height of 150 mm.
• Ruberoid is laid on bitumen mastic, applying it with a spatula to the base. And the rolled material with the mastic already applied is simply heated before installation.
• Painting waterproofing Suitable for do-it-yourself. Typically, latex-acrylic compounds are used, which are applied with a wide brush to the floor and bottom of the wall.
• Penetrating waterproofing mixtures applied in several layers to walls and floors. The substance crystallizes in the pores of the material and reliably protects against moisture.
• For application moisture-resistant plaster compositions use a brush or spatula.
• Liquid rubber and the same glass are the most reliable materials for waterproofing.

Installation of wooden floors on joists

Balcony floor wooden house It is often located below the floor level in the room, so when walking you have to overcome a step, which is not very convenient. Thanks to the arrangement of the floor along the joists, it will be possible to smooth out the difference in heights and bring the surface to the same level as the floor in the apartment.

Installation of floor joists

To make the frame, dried timber is used. Its cross-section is determined from the height to which the surface is raised, minus the thickness of the boardwalk.
We carry out the work in this order:

1. We lay two beams along the longitudinal edge of the balcony and against the wall.
2. Next, measure the distance between them and cut bars of the same length. You need enough cross bars so that they can be laid in increments of 800 mm across the balcony.
3. We treat the blanks with an antiseptic and cover them with drying oil.
4. We lay out the bars and align them in a horizontal plane. We fasten the outer longitudinal and outer transverse bars to each other metal corners and self-tapping screws. We align the structure horizontally by placing scraps of plywood or wedges under it.
5. We install the remaining transverse bars inside the frame and fasten them to the sheathing with corners and self-tapping screws.

Important! Received wooden frame We fix it with dowels to the concrete base.

Insulation of floors with joists

Despite the low thermal conductivity of wood, the structure needs to be additionally insulated. This is simply necessary if there is an unglazed balcony or open space below. Rigid materials are used for insulation slab materials And roll insulation based on mineral wool:

• extruded polystyrene foam;
• slag wool;
• perlite cement slabs;
• glass wool;
• basalt wool.

The insulation is cut into rectangles of suitable size and placed between the joists. For dense installation, the dimensions of the insulation are taken a couple of centimeters larger than the gap between the structures.

Important! A balcony without glazing is not insulated due to the lack of such a need and due to the possible accumulation of moisture in the thermal insulation material.

It is also allowed to use bulk materials as insulation. Expanded clay, sawdust, granulated polystyrene foam, ecowool, and vermiculite are suitable for filling the voids between the joists. The selected insulation is poured into the space and lightly compacted. If necessary, add more material.

Plank flooring

It is better to use boards with interlocking joints as flooring. We impregnate all elements with antiseptics before installation. This is done especially carefully on the back side and at the ends, because after installation it will not be possible to get to these places.
We carry out installation in the following sequence:

1. We lay the first element with a groove against the wall with a distance of 1 cm from it. We fix it to the joists with self-tapping screws or nails.
2. We insert the tenon of the next floorboard into the groove of the previous one and press it tightly. We also fix it to the joists.
3. We arrange all the following elements in the same way. We cut the last board to the required size and also lay it.
4. If two boards are used in one row, then the place where they meet should fall exactly in the middle of the joist.
5. We install a wooden plinth.

Many people living in apartments need to carry out balcony repairs themselves, which means that the installation of the floor on the balcony should be done in the best possible way.

Housing prices are very high today, and a couple square meters on the balcony they definitely won’t disturb anyone, especially if the apartment itself is small. For this reason, special attention should be paid to repairing the balcony and insulating its floor, because the largest amount of lost heat is lost through the floor.

Kinds

Depending on the purpose and purpose of the balcony, flooring technologies may be different. There are three main types, each of which varies in the degree of complexity of self-installation:

• flooring – the flooring is installed on a finished concrete slab;
• fill, subsequently covered ceramic tiles or similar materials;
• wooden floor.

All of the above options allow you to make a warm floor if a heating system is installed in the process. It can be electric or (not so often) water.

You should also pay attention to the fact that unauthorized installation of a heating pipeline connected to central heating, is prohibited. To carry out this kind of work, you need to have a special permit, which can be obtained from the architectural supervision authorities.

What can it be made from?

There are several types of balcony floors. Like any other floors, they can be wooden, tile, self-leveling or polymer. Any type can be equipped with electric heating (cable or infrared):

• Polymer floors made from rolls of linoleum (possibly insulated) or from PVC tiles. They can be used both as an independent coating and as a decorative one.

• Self-leveling floors are made from special self-leveling mixtures based on cement or artificial resins.

• Tile floors made of tiles or ceramic granite. Not so often, but still, natural stone is used for their manufacture. The rare use of these materials is due to their heavy weight, which can have an undesirable effect on the balcony slab itself.

• Wooden floors are the most popular solution for balconies, since they are not as heavy as tiles and at the same time retain heat better. There are several main varieties wooden floors: parquet, tongue and groove boards, laminated wood.

Any coating, regardless of type, must be resistant to stains. It should also be durable and visually appealing.

When choosing the type of floor, it is necessary to take into account the design of the balcony. If the balcony is open, then the preferred option would be tiles, or simply a painted concrete slab. When choosing materials, you need to take into account how capable they will be of withstanding all seasonal cycles involving freezing and thawing. If the balcony is glazed, then almost any type of floor from those previously listed will be suitable for it.

Required Tools

You may find it useful:

• perforator;
• screwdriver;
• jigsaw;
• hammer;
• roulette;
• dowels;
• drill;
• marker or pencil;
• screws;
• acrylic or silicone sealant;
• cement or glue;
• Styrofoam;
• insulation or thermal insulation coating.

Preparing the slab and base

First you need to check the evenness of the surface of the balcony base. This is done using a building level. If the base is not level enough, you must first level it using a screed.

Next steps:

• The initial stage of installing a balcony floor is to pour the screed. In order for the screed to be level, you first need to solve the problem of leveling the floor. This is done by installing beacons, which are reinforced strips of metal. These strips are cut into a number of parts (depending on the size of the balcony) and installed at a distance of 60 cm from each other, perpendicular to the base.
• Beacons need to be leveled using a building level and a semi-dry solution with which they are fixed. In the case where the balcony is not glazed, you should make a slight slope towards the street. All beacons should be aligned separately. When the work is completed, final leveling should be done over the entire area.

There is no need to rush, the work must be done very efficiently and accurately.

• When the beacons are fixed and leveled, you need to leave them for a day so that they harden. You can prevent the solution from spreading by using formwork. To do this, you will need a block of wood or a board that is installed on the outside of the base. The remaining cracks should be covered with a thick solution. Once the pouring is complete, this formwork can be removed.

• Expanded clay is good for insulating screeds, which must be placed on the profile level, filling it along with it. There is no need to worry about having time to do this in one go, since the surface area is not so large. When the floor is poured, you should wait until it hardens completely, which will take a certain number of days.
• Once the floor has hardened, the final finishing can be done. Ceramic tiles can be a suitable material for this finishing.

Insulating the floor: step-by-step instructions

Insulation of the floor begins with the installation of wooden formwork on it. For this you will need wooden slats:

• First of all, you need to measure the width of the floor using a tape measure. After this, you need to transfer the measurements to wooden block using a marker or pencil. When the marking is ready, using a jigsaw you need to cut off part of the block to the required length, resulting in a wooden log. It must be attached to the attachment point, after which impact drill drill holes in it at the same distance (30-40 cm). This must be done so that the holes are through, because the joist will be attached to the floor.

• Then you need to insert the dowels into the holes, drilled into a wooden plank and hammer them into the floor with a hammer. After this, insert screws into the dowels and hammer them in with a hammer. The log will thus be attached to the floor.

• When the widthwise bar is secured, you can take on the lengthwise bar. It is attached in exactly the same way. The only difference is the interval between the holes, which may be slightly larger (50-60 cm). Then several more planks arranged in length are attached, so that it looks like a “lattice”, between the planks of which foam plastic will be laid.

Installation of foam plastic and the second layer of formwork

• The foam is cut into plates and placed between lengthwise wooden planks. The width of the foam strips should be about 7-8 cm. For cutting, it is best to use a simple construction knife. After the foam has been laid, you should begin installing the second layer of formwork, the installation of which is carried out in the same way as the first layer, with the difference that the fastening will be carried out without dowels.

• The wooden planks will no longer be attached to the floor, but to the wooden planks of the first layer. Fastening, therefore, will be carried out using self-tapping screws and a screwdriver. When the second layer of formwork is ready, pouring should be done. The prepared cement or glue solution is applied with a spatula along the inside of the perimeter.
• After filling, you can begin installing the wooden planks along the width. There should be a distance of about 15-20 cm between them, which must subsequently be filled with another layer of foam. When all the planks are installed, you will need to once again eliminate all the gaps using cement or glue.

Laying insulation

When the solution hardens, it will be possible to lay insulation. It is important not to make a mistake with the installation side, installing it so that the reflective side is on top. When installing insulation, you must adhere to the following points:

• it must be laid with an overlap, so that the insulation extends 3-4 cm onto the walls and frame of the balcony;
• the remaining insulation must be rolled back into a roll;
• Excess insulation is trimmed off using construction knife;
• at the end it is necessary to straighten and smooth the material so that its surface is even.

When the insulation is laid and straightened, it will need to be secured with wooden logs, the installation process of which has already been described earlier. In fact, now you need to mount another layer of “grid”, between the slats of which another layer of foam plastic will be laid, already the third in a row. The new layer of foam must also be secured on top with another layer of wooden planks.

At this stage, the installation of the floor can be completed by covering the resulting multilayer structure with clapboard. In another case, wooden slats that fit tightly together can be used for sheathing, on top of which the floor covering will be installed. To make the floor more durable, it is also advisable to lay the slats in two layers.

Cold floor covering options: installation steps

Wooden floor

In order to install a wooden floor on the balcony, the surface on which the installation will be carried out must be flat. There are two ways to level the slab:

• knock down bumps;
• complete the screed.

When the support bars are installed on a flat surface of the slab, You can begin installing and painting the sheathing. In the case where the screed is perfectly level, you can install the boards directly on the screed. However, with this option, the floor will be without insulation, air will not circulate in it, and it will be quite difficult to fit the boards. Positive side Using boards as sheathing is precisely the availability of the necessary space for insulation.

In order for the sheathing to be more durable, it is advisable to paint the boards or treat them with special compounds that prevent exposure to moisture and, as a result, rotting.

The bars are attached to the concrete slab using dowels and screws. The sheathing itself is assembled in the following way: first, a perimeter is made, and then longitudinal or transverse strips are installed at a certain distance from each other. If the balcony is long, it is preferable to lay the boards crosswise.

Laminate

Laminate is a fairly popular material for covering the floor on a balcony. The advantage of this material is the presence of several layers that provide:

• rigidity;
• thermal insulation;
• noise suppression;
• moisture resistance.

Upper layer This coating is decorative and contains a pattern. When choosing a laminate as a floor covering on a balcony, you should take into account that this material does not tolerate exposure to water very well, so waterproofing is important when installing it.

The surface on which the laminate is laid must be flat, so before installing it, be sure to carry out all the relevant preparatory work, such as screeding and installing sheathing.

Between the sheathing and the laminate it is necessary to make a layer of substrate, the material for which can be polystyrene or cork. This layer should form an angle of 90 degrees with the laminate. The joints between the fragments of the substrate layer must be taped with tape.

It is necessary to carry out installation starting from the side opposite the entrance to the balcony. There are three options for laying laminate:

• diagonal;
• longitudinal;
• transverse

Each new row of laminate must be laid with an offset of 40 cm, as this will contribute to greater durability of the coating. A small (about 10 mm) distance should be left between the laminate and the wall. Laying such a coating is quite easy, since fragments of material are installed “in the lock”.

Plywood covering

A relatively easy to implement option for a balcony floor. As with all other methods, first of all it is necessary to level the surface balcony slab, doing this using a screed or by knocking down irregularities. Then logs are installed on the concrete base using screws and dowels, which should preferably be painted.

Further plywood sheets cut according to the length and width of the balcony. It is advisable to carry out cutting using electric jigsaw. This tool will make the edges of the sheets smooth, and the cutting process itself will be easy and convenient. When installing plywood sheets on the sheathing, you should leave a small gap. This is done so that the floors do not creak later.

In order to plywood floor was more durable, it is advisable to lay the sheets not in one, but in several layers. The finished plywood floor can be either a stand-alone covering or good reason, on which you can lay linoleum or carpet.

Ceramic tile

Another possible option is to cover the floor on the balcony with ceramic tiles. This option is also quite simple to implement. You should pay attention to the surface of the tile: it must be textured or rough, but not glossy, otherwise the floor will be slippery.

You can handle laying tiles on the balcony yourself.