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Ready extension to a wooden house. Designing an extension to a private house. Extension to a wooden house made of timber: installation nuances and style features

Extension to the house – perfect solution to expand the free space in any type of home. It is important that all construction work can be completed independently.

Of course, this will require certain construction skills and knowledge of work technologies, but there is nothing particularly difficult about it. The help of specialists may be required at the design stage of the structure, as well as when connecting communications inside the structure. In addition, certain problems often arise when legitimizing an extension with regulatory authorities.

The attachment can perform a variety of functions.

Most often, an extension is built to form an additional room, summer kitchen, garage, veranda, terrace, canopy, porch. There are a huge number of options - everything will depend on personal requirements and wishes. Of course, building something will be very difficult from a technological point of view, but often all construction is done with one’s own hands.

The main thing here is to correctly construct the foundation, walls, roof, insulate and isolate the room from moisture, and also correctly attach the new foundation to the old one.

Types of extensions for country houses

Before starting any construction work, it is necessary to clearly determine the type of design, because making an extension to the house is possible only if you have a clear plan and project. There are several of the most common types of extensions in our country:

Canopy

This is the simplest and most cost-effective extension for country house. Main functional task similar design– ensuring the protection of people and things located under the canopy from sun rays, rain and other precipitation. It will be good to relax under such a canopy warm time year and have lunch, or you can park the car.

Carport.

An important advantage of installing a canopy is that the construction of a foundation is not required, because the foundation will be support pillars(made of metal, wood, concrete). The canopy frame is attached to these supports.

Summer room

To form summer room More capital construction will be required than in the case of a canopy. Such rooms are intended for relaxation in the warm season, gatherings, reading books, etc. Naturally, a foundation will be required.

It is recommended to use a columnar or strip base, depending on the type of building material and the dimensions of the room. Boards are usually used to create walls, foam concrete blocks, frame panels. For better lighting, the walls and roof, entirely or partially, can be made of glass.

Summer room.

Such an extension usually has a pitched or gable roof. It is recommended to use the lightest roofing material. Installation of thermal insulation materials, as a rule, is not carried out, because such premises are not used during the cold season.

Living room

Before adding a room to the house, it is necessary to complete all the required calculations and draw up a project. In this case, a thorough approach will be required, involving the construction of a foundation, capital construction of walls and roofs, installation of waterproofing and thermal insulation materials, and supply of all necessary communications.

Warm living room.

Particular attention is paid to the insulation of the premises, so that one could live here in winter time without spending a lot of energy on heating.

Kitchen

As a rule, extensions are not intended to accommodate a kitchen. Such a structure must be capital, so it needs to be insulated as efficiently as possible.

Kitchen made of wood.

Such an extension can only be built correctly using a high-quality project created by professionals, because the kitchen needs all communications: sewerage, water supply, electricity, gas, ventilation system. This, of course, leads to serious financial costs, which not everyone is ready for.

Garage

Using an extension to create a garage is a very common trend in last years. A garage will require the construction of a strip or monolithic foundation, and foam concrete blocks or bricks are usually used to build walls.

Two garages.

The roof, in most cases, is made of profiled sheets or metal tiles, slate or roofing felt. Mandatory communications for the garage - ventilation system and heating.

Connection of an extension with a country house

Many people spend a long time choosing where to add a new room to their home, so that it would be easier to connect it with the main building. Here you have to choose from two options:

• Independent building. In the event that difficult conditions are observed in the area ground conditions(For example, heaving soils or high level groundwater), then it is recommended to build an independent structure that will not be connected in any way to the main house. In this case, the extension and the main structure have no points of contact, so they do not depend on each other. In this case, the minimum possible distance is maintained between the two buildings, which is a technological gap that must be filled with thermal insulation and waterproofing materials.
• Implementation of an extension to the structure of an old building. Such a solution involves a certain amount of labor, because construction will require compliance with all necessary technologies and carrying out many calculations and studies. First of all, you will need to properly build and insulate the foundation, which must be correctly connected to the base of the country house. This is usually done using reinforced rods. Using approximately the same technology, the walls and roof of structures are connected.

Features of roof construction for an extension to a house

The roof of an extension to a house can have any shape - here again everything will depend on the requirements and wishes of the owners. At the same time, most often country homeowners choose a pitched roof because it is simple to implement, it is easy to insulate it yourself, it combines well with other types of roofs that the main structure may have, and also removes precipitation well, preventing the entire structure from experiencing additional loads.

To ensure that rainfall from the roof of the extension drains normally, the design of the roof involves installing a roof slope of 20 degrees or more.

In addition, special attention must be paid to installing the roof of the extension under the roof of a country house. If everything is done correctly, the wall located between the extension and the country house will be protected from water entering through the joint between the two structures. In addition, the roof of the extension must be extremely harmoniously combined with the roofing material of the main building and fit harmoniously into the exterior of the building, without standing out from the general background.

During the design process, it is very important to correctly calculate the load that the roof structure will provide. You should take into account the weight of rafters, roofing material and other structural elements, used in roof construction.

It is important to understand that an extension to a house on screw piles or pillars is not designed for too heavy loads, unlike a monolithic or strip concrete foundation. You also need to insulate the roof (you can insulate it using any suitable thermal insulation materials, with which it is recommended to cover the top with waterproofing).

How to legalize construction?

Build an extension to the old or new one country house- that's half the battle. Any additional premises erected on plot of land, it is necessary to document and obtain permission to carry out construction work from regulatory authorities.

An extension to the house can be done with your own hands; no one will force you to invite builders, but the homeowner must submit a well-drawn design of the structure to the employees of the regulatory services.

The procedure for completing all the documentation for an extension to an old country house usually takes from several months to a year.

An interesting point is that you can start collecting documents and obtaining a building permit after all the work is completed. This is permitted by current law.

At the same time, when reviewing documents, employees of the regulatory authority may have some complaints that will have to be corrected (for example, the location of the building relative to underground communications or the use of inappropriate building materials).

Let's consider buildings to the house and not extensions

Pergola is the simplest structure and perfect place for relax.

A barbecue is a great place for entertaining guests and celebrating.

Sooner or later, every homeowner begins to think about expanding their living space. And here many questions arise, the main one of which is how to do this? Nowadays, the range of materials on construction markets is quite impressive, which means that there are plenty of options for how to increase housing. Today we will look at some of them. Let's find out what an extension can be like (projects and photo examples will help with this), and also try to understand how complex such construction can be. It wouldn’t hurt to learn how to do this kind of work yourself.

You can find it on the Internet various projects extensions to the house. And before starting such construction it is worth familiarizing yourself with them. This will allow you to adopt any solutions and then add your own. Only then can you get a unique structure that will not only be, but will also increase your living space.

Many may say that such construction is too labor-intensive and practically impossible to do with your own hands, but this is a misconception. At the right approach and learning all the nuances is not so difficult, although you will have to face some difficulties. But, as they say, the eyes are afraid, but the hands do. But as a reward you can get not only a do-it-yourself extension to wooden house, but also satisfaction from the work performed. In addition, the money saved on paying specialists will not be superfluous.

Let's consider various options outbuildings in general outline, as well as examples of similar work done with their own hands by ordinary home craftsmen without any experience.

Solutions for adding a veranda to a wooden house in photo examples

This type of construction is quite relevant for summer residents who like to sit in the evenings over a cup of tea with family or friends. After all, on fresh air It’s much more pleasant to communicate than indoors. In addition, it is possible that the veranda will be designed in such a way that it is possible to install. This will protect it from snow, and will also add warmth to the house itself.

Another advantage of such a building is that you can spend it there in the winter. In this case, it can even be used as an additional room. But this is more suitable not for summer residents, but for owners in the private residential sector who live in the premises for a whole year.

The material for such buildings is most often wood. Sometimes, if there is such a possibility, they are done on those sides that are not adjacent to the house. We invite you to look at a few photos of wooden verandas attached to the house:

Looking at these photos wooden verandas, attached to the house, it seems that they were built by professionals, but this is not so. Today we will definitely look at how you can do this with your own hands.

Options for terraces attached to the house - how they differ from a veranda

We should start with the fact that many people confuse. But the differences here are fundamental. The fact is that the veranda is always attached to the house, but the terrace opposite is located and is not adjacent to the house. In addition, terraces are often without roofs and walls. At their core, they represent open . Hence the consequence - they are often built from more durable material that can withstand precipitation.

Of course, there are options for adding terraces to wooden ones, but this is rather the exception. Moreover, if we go back just a few decades ago, then at that time a terrace was considered to be an open (without roof) area of ​​natural or artificial origin.

Now many people confuse these two concepts, calling verandas adjacent to the house terraces on stilts, but still, historically this is not true. Although time does not stand still, a person tries to make his life more comfortable. This is probably why they called the area with a roof adjacent to the house a terrace. After all, it stands on stilts, while the veranda must have a foundation.

Here are some examples of terraces in photo illustrations:

How to attach a garage to a house and why it is needed

An extension to a house is quite good decision. Indeed, in this case, in the cold season there will be no need to go out into the cold to reach it. However, there are pitfalls here too. The garage needs an ideal one that will not allow carbon monoxide to enter the home. And no one doubts that the car will start in the garage for sure. Here are some photos of garages attached to the house:

Adding a garage to your home is not an easy task, but it is quite doable. You just need to understand how capital it will be. Will a foundation be needed, what will the floor and walls be like? The most common material for such buildings is foam block. But many, as a garage attached to the house, use several racks made of timber, on which it rests. Thus, although the car is not protected from snow and rain in the wind, the roof will protect it from the sun.

Examples of residential extensions to a wooden house

An extension to a wooden house as a living space or - this is perhaps the most common type of all listed. This is not surprising, because not everyone has the opportunity to buy land and build a new, large and spacious one. And the construction of an additional room is possible even at a relatively small area. But here the situation is a little more complicated than with the construction of a veranda or carport. Do not forget that the building must not only be capital, but also be sufficient to allow one to live in it comfortably.

Important! When constructing such an extension, it is necessary to carefully study the soil, calculate a foundation that can support the weight of the structure, and also draw up a detailed project. Do not forget that such a capital structure must be registered with the cadastral chamber. Otherwise, you can not only lose money on fines, but also receive a notice of demolition of an illegal building.

And yet the extensions to country house are a good solution. After all, no one bothers you to collect all the necessary papers on time. And additional living space never bothered anyone. Moreover, it will not require too much money.

Extension to a wooden house: projects, materials and photos of possible layouts

Although it is difficult to make an extension to the house with your own hands, it is quite possible. But this will require some knowledge. The main thing that needs to be decided before undertaking such work is what material the structure will be made of. The following materials can be used:

• Boards on a timber frame. Such a building requires a minimal foundation;
• Rounded timber or logs– such a building also does not require too strong a foundation. The fact is that its lower crown will already play the role of support. In addition, such a structure will be warmer and more durable, but at the same time more expensive;
• . Here you will need a very strong foundation that can support the weight of the building. Otherwise, the extension will begin to collapse in a year or two, and may not last even 3 months. It all depends on the soil;
• - it also requires a strong base, perhaps even stronger than for a foam block. As a result, such extensions are very expensive.

Important! Regardless of what material it is decided to build a residential extension at the dacha, it must be firmly fixed to the house itself. Otherwise, the building will not have the required strength. In this case, there is a risk of collapse, and this is already life-threatening.

Let's try to understand each of these materials.

Extension to a frame house: nuances of construction, design and photo examples

An extension to the house is convenient because it requires the least cost and is easy to do with your own hands. And there is no need to work big amount people – two people is enough. But a foundation is still needed.

It is also convenient to make a frame extension to the house because there is no need to hire a designer who would calculate everything. This is another budget saving item. Of course, the extension will need to be insulated very well, but with the huge assortment on the shelves these days, this will be quite easy to do.

The most difficult stage in such construction will be the installation of the foundation. Well, assembling the frame, fixing it to the wall of the house and sheathing it is much easier. Today there are more simple ways. Available for sale special material. It's oriented particle boards. Moreover, with their help, the so-called one is manufactured at the factory, two sides of which are made of OSB, and between them a layer of foam plastic. Similar material It is quite durable and strong, and it has another important advantage - it is an excellent insulator. Thus, the home craftsman can only assemble a durable frame and cover it with similar material.

External finishing is also important in such cases, because the durability of the frame extension to a wooden house largely depends on it. You can read about similar work in our other articles. And now we invite our dear reader to look at several photo examples of similar extensions made by home craftsmen:

Extension to a house made of timber - some installation nuances

When planning an extension, you should understand that both its foundation and service life depend on how it is designed. After all, no one will start construction with the expectation that in a couple of years the living room will need to be demolished. Also, don’t think that you don’t have to “bother” with the design of such buildings. This is not a barn or closet, which means everything should be taken care of in advance.

Let's start with the fact that the best option (of course with low weight) would be a pile-screw. This will be a cheaper and less labor intensive choice. Yes, and you can drive piles into the ground to the required depth yourself using special equipment or even manually. The main task here is to calculate the load on each pile to select their number and diameter.

Important information! When installing a pile-screw foundation, it should be understood that the supports must pass under each wall. If there is a partition in the room, then they are also required under it.

You should also pay attention to lower crown. It needs to be made from something more durable. Ideally, it will be made of logs. You should not think that to install a timber extension to log house only 3 walls are needed - this is a misconception. 4 walls are also being built, because a joint one is necessary here. It makes sense to pay special attention to the fastening between common walls. It depends on this whether cracks will appear in this place over time.

Here are some photo examples of such solutions:

Extension to a house made of foam blocks - advantages and disadvantages

This is probably the most common option. After all, foam block has a relatively low cost, can provide fairly good insulation (compared to brick), and the installation speed is considerable. But when compared with timber, foam block has a big drawback - it requires a fairly strong foundation. And you can’t get by with pile-screws.

A foundation for a foam block extension to a wooden house is required. The best option here would be a grillage pile foundation. This means that the cost of the foundation automatically increases significantly.

Installation of extensions to houses made of gas silicate blocks is also quite common. But some home craftsmen do not understand the difference between them and foam blocks. It's quite simple. a little heavier and more expensive than foam concrete, but at the same time its strength is much higher. In addition, it does not require coupling from concrete mortar(special glue is used). As a result, there are virtually no seams, which contributes to greater thermal insulation, and therefore lower heating costs in the future.

Important! No matter what is selected building material, you should consider the communication systems in the future living room. After all, if this is not done, you will have to drill holes for heating and trench walls for electrical wiring. Without this, there can be no talk of any kind of living, much less a comfortable one.

We offer our dear reader several examples of such buildings:

Extension to a brick house - differences from previous options

The main difference here is that there is no fourth wall required. This means that three general ones are quite enough. The foundation can be either strip or columnar. And you can choose any material for construction - it all depends on the wishes and capabilities of the home craftsman.

Grip with load-bearing wall at home happens with the help. When building an extension to a house made of brick or concrete, a reinforcement coupler is also often used. The load-bearing wall is drilled using a hammer drill, and the drill should be slightly smaller in diameter than the rod for a more rigid coupling. After this, a piece of reinforcement (it should not be smooth) is driven halfway into the drilled hole, and the second part is laid into the joint of foam blocks or bricks.

Important information! You should not start construction if the house is quite old. This is irrational, because the brick softens over time, which will have a bad effect on the adhesion to the new building. In addition, drilling the wall, as well as new building create additional stress on it.

Perhaps the dear reader will be interested in looking at some solutions of home craftsmen:

Construction of a foundation for an extension to a house and its types

The foundation is the foundation that supports the entire structure. This means that you should treat its design with great responsibility. Most simple solution with a small weight of the building there will be a pile-screw foundation. To do this, piles are screwed into the ground at a certain distance from each other, which will bear the main load.

If the building is heavier, you will have to pour a strip foundation. In this case, piles will also not hurt, they will provide additional strength. But the strongest of all types of foundations can be called a pile-grillage foundation. To install it, you need to dig a trench around the perimeter of the future walls. Afterwards, they drive along this trench screw piles or they drill holes into which the reinforcement cage is lowered and filled with concrete. This is done in such a way that their upper edge is slightly above ground level. And the last stage is to install the formwork and fill it with concrete. More details about how to make a foundation for an extension to a house or for a bathhouse are described in one of our articles.

Before pouring the foundation for an extension to the house, you should decide whether the ready-made solution will be ordered and delivered to finished form or make it yourself. In the latter case, it is necessary accurate calculations components for its required strength.

How to make a roof for an extension

The simplest option would be a device pitched roof for an extension to the house. This option is easy to implement and requires the least cost. However, such work also has its own nuances. If we compare it with gable roofs, then simpler ones do not retain heat so well.

When constructing a veranda, the three-slope option is often used for an extension to the house, but such work is quite complicated. If you have some skills and knowledge of carpentry, then a home craftsman will be quite capable of it.

Important! The roof should be designed so that snow can easily roll off it, but at the same time, safety should not be forgotten. After all, an accumulated snowdrift can fall on a person. That is why they try to make the slope steeper. In this case, the accumulation of snow will be small, and its removal will not be dangerous.

If House master I’m not sure that he knows how to make a roof on an extension to a house and will be able to do it, it’s better to seek help from specialists.

Instructions for installing a house extension with your own hands

Let's try to explain in general terms all the stages of constructing a veranda on a site adjacent to the house. We will discuss more detailed instructions for each type of building in the following reviews. Here's how to add an extension to your house:

Illustration	Actions Performed
	First of all, we start with the foundation. In our case, this is a well. Lowered into it metal pipe which is filled with concrete. Depth is about 1.7 m.
	The distance between the piles needs to be calculated. In our case, the weight of the veranda will be quite small, and therefore the distance can be made larger.
	We assemble a frame from the piles metal beams, which will play the role of the first crown, taking on the main load.
	The channels are welded together. In this case, the seam must be very strong.
	We also took care of communications. The water drain from the sink in the house ended up in this exact spot. Well, let's deal with this too.
	The holes in the channel are necessary for fastening the timber on which the entire structure will be built.
	We lay the beam around the perimeter and fasten it. You can begin building the main supports and roof.
	Having assembled the main frame from timber, we strengthen it cross beams. In their role we have, 50 mm thick.
	We place the boards supporting the roof in pairs and tighten them together.
	It should look something like this. It should be noted that the boards that support the roof also give strength to the frame. They are secured to the main beams using tie rods.
	The roof can be covered with corrugated sheeting. It is quite resistant to any weather conditions.
	Diagonal board plays pretty important role– it prevents the building from tilting due to the supporting beam of the frame. In our case, ordinary railings were made, but it is fashionable to sheathe or deglaze the building.
	Here the diagonals are decorative and therefore made of thinner boards.

In general terms, the answer to the question of how to add an extension to a house looks like this.

The cost of specialist services for such construction

It is unlikely that you will be able to build an extension to your house inexpensively if you turn to specialists. But for general information It wouldn’t hurt to consider the prices for such services using the example of various verandas:

Photos of verandas and terraces attached to the house: the work of professionals and not only

For those who still doubt that without special knowledge and skills it is possible to make a rather beautiful extension to the house - photo examples of verandas and terraces made by ordinary home craftsmen. Perhaps the dear reader will find some solutions for his work. If not, then you can just admire it. It's really beautiful.

Surely many people liked the photos of verandas attached to the house with their own hands.

Finally

It is unlikely that anyone can refuse an additional room attached to the house. But it’s one thing when this work was done by strangers, and completely different if everything was done with your own hands. Moreover, as it turned out, although this is difficult, it is quite doable. Is it then worth paying money to “someone else’s uncle”? And it’s not a fact that the construction will turn out to be of high quality and beautiful (there are plenty of hacks these days). The veranda described in the step-by-step instructions, including painting, took about 10 days. This means that in a maximum of 15-20 you can make it completely perfect. Experts promise to do all the work in 30-60. It's worth thinking...

We hope that the information we presented today was useful to the reader. All questions (if you still have them) can be asked in the discussions for the article. Write, share your experience, because it may help someone.

Is it true that the foundation for an extension differs from the main one, what are its features? Many people are looking for the answer to this question, because when adding additional rooms to an existing house, they want these rooms to also have solid foundation. The most important tips and we have collected instructions in this article.

Everyone knows what role the skeleton plays in the human body; similar functions are assigned to the foundation. In fact, this is the basis that is responsible for the reliability and durability of the building. Also, it is the foundation that ensures warmth and dryness in the room. If the base is of poor quality or does not suit specific conditions, then dampness will appear inside, the floors may become deformed and completely deteriorate. It also levels the ground level and prevents carcinogenic gas from entering the living room from the soil.

Extension base

The choice of foundation should be treated with particular care. After all, it is necessary that it can easily withstand loads and correspond to the type of soil. At the same time, there is no need to overdo it, for example, if you can fill the tape or, then there is no point in replacing these more simple options complex monolithic base. Firstly, it is too expensive and not worth the investment. Secondly, the first ones are much easier to perform and you can do them yourself even without outside help, but lay it down concrete slab There is no way you can do it on your own.

It is mainly built from stone or concrete, but there are also wooden structures. If the construction is lightweight, then you can give preference to a shallow foundation located above the freezing point. But most often its depth should be below this level. According to its purpose, it is divided into load-bearing and combined. The latter, in addition to standard load-bearing functions, must also provide seismic protection. There is also a special type, which includes “swinging” and “floating” foundations, their pressure corresponds to the pressure of the excavated soil.

In this paragraph, we will consider what types the foundation for an extension is divided into. Tape can rightfully be called universal, because it is perfect for both heavy and lightweight structures. It is located only under external and external load-bearing walls. It is mainly poured from concrete; to make the structure more reliable, it should be reinforced with iron rods. If you are going to make this type of base with your own hands, then it is better to give preference to the prefabricated version. The disadvantages include high cost.

Universal strip foundation

But columnar, on the contrary, refers to budget options. But it is advisable to use it only if we are talking about lightweight structures, for example, you need to attach a frame extension to a wooden house. The supports are special pillars located at intervals of 1.5 to 3 meters. These pillars must be placed at the intersection load-bearing walls. It is best to make such elements from brick or reinforced concrete, but larch beams can also be used. However, such supports are expensive, and wood is not durable.

If you are going to build a rather massive building, it will predominate soft ground, then you should give preference to the pile type of foundation. This design consists of supports connected by means of a strapping beam.

The foundation for the extension can be rigidly adjacent to the base of the housing, resulting in the formation of a single structure. This solution is relevant if the site has a weak or non-heaving type of soil. You should also give preference to this option when you are going to make an extension of several floors and want to connect it with the main housing through one roof.

If the base is a slab, then additional housing should also be poured monolithic foundation. In this case, it is necessary that its thickness is at least 400 mm or that the base of the residential building has protrusions. In this case, you can weld the slab reinforcement to the frame of the new foundation. In addition, if you wish, you can do everything yourself.

Monolithic foundation slab

The “tape-to-tape” connection requires the presence of a sand cushion and reinforcement with a longitudinal slot. Metal rods are driven into specially prepared holes in the base of the house and form a frame for the new foundation. Next, the joint is made using a release about 40 cm long.

You can also build a separate foundation for an extension, which will be located in close proximity to the house. A sheet of roofing material should be placed between the two bases. This material acts as an excellent waterproofer; you can also place a layer of thermal insulation or get by with simple tow. In this case, it is very important that this layer allows new basis Do not collect water during precipitation and do not damage the foundation of the house. On the outside, special decorative overlays are fixed to the wall to cover the seam.

Now let's move on to the practical part and look at how to make a foundation for an extension with your own hands. This detailed instruction will help you save on the services of a specialist, because it is designed for independent execution of construction work.

Building a foundation for an extension with your own hands

How to make a foundation for an extension to a house - step-by-step diagram

Step 1: Selecting a Base

The new foundation must fully correspond to the type of the previous foundation. In addition, the load and soil type are taken into account. For example, if we are talking about a massive extension to brick house, then you need to lay the tape or do pile base. But if additional room adjacent to wooden housing, then it is possible to get by with a cheaper columnar option.

Step 2: Calculations

Regardless of whether you choose a rigid connection type or a separate foundation, the depth and width, as well as the dimensions of the foundation pillars, if any, should be the same as those of the foundation of the house. Determining these parameters is quite simple. It is necessary to dig a hole next to the wall of the house and measure the dimensions of the base. If there should be no questions about how to measure the depth of the structure, then to measure the width, you should take a rod, bend one of its edges 90° and insert it in a horizontal position under the foundation. Then we turn the rod until its bent part rests against reverse side. After this, you need to make a mark on the rod and pull it out. By measuring the distance from the hook to the mark, we know the width.

Step 3: Preparatory work

Before pouring the foundation for the extension, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work. If you decide to give preference to a rigid connection, then we dig a trench of the given dimensions and drill holes in the existing base. Moreover, their diameter must exceed the thickness of the reinforcement. Metal rods should also be prepared. It is necessary to make a longitudinal slot at their end and insert a special wedging insert into it.

Step 6: Pouring the Mortar

We prepare a mixture of cement, sand, crushed stone and water. It is very important to keep the proportions correctly. For example, for M300 you can take 10 kg of cement, 30 kg of sand, 40 kg of crushed stone, mix everything well and fill it with 40 liters of water. If the concrete is too dense, you should dilute it with liquid, but only add it in small parts so as not to spoil the solution. We pour concrete into the formwork and wait several days until it completely hardens. We moisten it periodically, otherwise cracks may appear.

Step 7: Formation of a columnar foundation

Making such a foundation is important when a lightweight extension is adjacent to a wooden house. We drill wells so that they are below the freezing level of the soil. We form a sand cushion and install fiberglass reinforcement. This material has excellent properties and does not require additional processing waterproofing compounds. Formwork of specified dimensions is also formed and filled with concrete. This foundation for an extension is the easiest to implement, and everyone can create it with their own hands.

Step 8: Construction of a separate foundation

But when the number of floors of the main and adjacent housing is different, then you should do separate foundation in close proximity to the former. The distance between the two bases is from 2 to 5 cm, depending on the number of floors of the new room. The higher it is, the wider the seam is selected. Let's fill this gap thermal insulation materials or tow. Then a special decorative overlay is attached to the wall of the home. It is very important to correctly mark the base. To do this, we pull the cord onto the pegs around the perimeter of the future site and check whether the diagonals are equal. If a heaving type of soil predominates on the site, then the floor of the extension must be made so that it is not lower than the flooring of the main housing by the amount of possible deformations.

According to their purpose, all extensions to the house are divided into:

• living room;
• garage;
• terrace;
• summer cuisine;
• porch.

Depending on the type of material used, extensions are:

• frame;
• brick;
• from foam blocks;
• from timber.

At the first stage of preparation for construction, it is necessary to decide whether it is planned to construct a capital building or not. Construction of a canopy or terrace is quite possible without a project carried out by a specialized organization; a plan or diagram may be sufficient. The construction of a living room or garage is best done using a specially designed or linked to specific conditions already finished project extensions to a wooden house. Savings at this stage, as a rule, result in additional, much larger costs during construction.

Capital buildings

Frame room extension project

Advantages of using a frame structure:

• speed of construction;
• no settlement of the structure during the first stages of operation;
• small load on the foundation, and as a result, minor requirements for it;
• excellent compatibility with wooden structures main private home.

Particularly suitable frame construction in the case of constructing a two-story extension to a country house, since it is much lighter than other types of construction.

Foam block extension project

An extension made of foam blocks is one of the most common options, as it simultaneously combines the relative cheapness of the work and its simplicity. In addition, these are not all the advantages of using this technology.

Advantages:

• speed of construction;
• durability of the structure (at least 50 years);
• light load on the foundation (a foundation on pillars is sufficient instead of a strip foundation);
• structural strength;
• simplicity of construction technology;
• the ability of the material to “breathe”.

Flaw:

• necessity exterior finishing facade due to the unattractive appearance of the blocks.

Timber extension project

Structurally and technologically, everything that was said about frame extensions can also be applied to structures made of timber. In fact, a combination option is most often used.

Key points when building an extension from timber:

• the foundation for it must be similar to the foundation for the main building and connected to it;
• it is possible to use a more economical pile foundation, naturally, in the case of carrying out structural calculations;

• it is necessary to create an expansion joint between the house and the extension, which will prevent damage to the walls during shrinkage of the new structure;

• The technology for constructing the structure of the walls and roof of the extension is similar to the technology for building a house.

Non-permanent buildings

Veranda made of polycarbonate

The established opinion that a veranda is a warehouse for storing unnecessary things (tools, bicycles, skis and other junk) is fundamentally wrong. In fact, this is an excellent opportunity to create a convenient and beautiful area recreation. Especially if you use it for this modern designs and materials.

Key points when building a veranda:

• can have almost any configuration - rectangle, square, semicircle with an arch-shaped roof;

• the lightness of the structure allows its construction on a minimal foundation, for example, a strip foundation with a depth and width of only 30 cm. sand cushion 20 cm thick;

• it is advisable to construct a small plinth to which the frame structures are attached;
• Due to the properties of the material, polycarbonate itself is easy to cut and mounted on an already assembled frame.

Canopy

A canopy is constructed, as a rule, in order to protect any used space from precipitation. In this way, you can arrange almost the entire area adjacent to the house as a summer dining room, playgrounds and much more.

The canopy structure usually consists of:

• pillars dug to a depth of about 0.5 meters and filled with concrete;
• horizontal beams, one of which must be attached to the wall of the house;

• rafters and lathing on them;
• roofing material.

The existing variety of materials and various structural elements allows you to create the most different combinations during the construction of sheds. But most often, when building an extension to a wooden house, wood and metal tiles are used.

To live in a more spacious and comfortable home, you don’t need to build a new one, just make an extension to the existing one. Of all construction technologies, the simplest and most accessible is frame construction. It is ideal not only for frames, but also for other buildings. It’s possible to make an extension to a frame house with your own hands, if you have one step-by-step instruction. To do this, it is enough to have minimal carpentry skills and the necessary tools.

Options for frame extensions to the house

To avoid having to change plans during the construction process, you must immediately decide what functions the frame extension to a wooden house or brick building will perform. Purposes of use may vary.

Another living room. Adding an additional room is not so easy. You need to do all the same steps as when building a full-fledged frame house: prepare the foundation, build the frame, insulate it. If this is not done, the use of the room will be ineffective, since heat loss will be large. It is also important to waterproof the property to prevent mold and dampness.

Additional bathroom or kitchen. Before you begin to build on this structure, you will need to install the appropriate utilities, and only then pour the foundation. All places where sewer and sewer lines pass through the foundation water pipes, it is necessary to insulate. And it’s better to do all this during construction, and not later.

Frame veranda. Today frame houses with a veranda are very popular. They can be either open or enclosed with glass structures. Verandas are useful for relaxing in the summer. This extension is much simpler than a room, since it does not need to be insulated and there is no need to install communications there. To build a veranda, a deck is made, walls and a roof are erected. The dimensions of the structure should be considered so that frame house looked harmonious with a terrace or veranda.

How to make a foundation

There are built-in and attached verandas.

• Built-in veranda is being built together with the house, so it is built on a common foundation.
• For attached veranda do separate foundation, maintaining a gap of 40 mm from the wall. If this is not taken into account, the new foundation will collapse when shrinking.

Selecting a base type

When planning the foundation, the seismicity of the soil is also taken into account, total weight buildings and other parameters. If mistakes are made at the planning stage, the extension may move away from the overall house.

To build a foundation, you can use the following materials:

• wooden, metal or concrete piles;
• concrete;
• stone;
• brick.

To build a frame extension to your house with your own hands, you can choose one of following types foundation:

• slab;
• tape;
• pile;
• columnar.

Usually used for verandas in private houses strip and column foundations.

Strip foundation

If the additional extension is heavy, you need to choose concrete. Do it as follows:

1. The area where the trench will be dug is marked with twine, and it is secured in a taut position with pegs.
2. They begin to dig a trench, cover its bottom with sand, then lay some crushed stone, which is compacted.
   They make formwork whose height is equal to base height. Waterproofing is laid inside along the perimeter, and pre-prepared reinforcement is laid directly on the crushed stone.
3. Prepare a concrete solution using proportions of 1:3:6 for cement, sand and crushed stone, respectively.
4. The resulting mixture fills a third of the formwork and waits for it to harden. Next, fill the remaining volume. To compact concrete, a vibrator is used to remove remaining air. You can also periodically hit the formwork with a hammer.
5. To top part was level, it is poured according to the level, after which it is covered with film. The surface must be wetted periodically to avoid possible cracks.

If you build a frame extension to your house with your own hands as light veranda, you can save on the foundation and choose the columnar option. Not only concrete is suitable for it, but also brick, rubble stone or a combination of both.

The operating algorithm is as follows:

1. They dig deep holes for the pillars, the distance between which is 60 cm. The shape of the holes is square, size - 50x50 cm.
2. The bottom is covered with sand.
3. A small layer of concrete is poured onto the sand and waited for it to set.
4. Then brick pillars are erected. The masonry must be perfectly level, so it is checked by level.
5. Concrete supports are made similarly strip foundation, but only in the form of pillars.
6. When the structure has completely hardened, the formwork is dismantled and then waterproofing, for example, roofing felt.
7. If there are any voids left in the holes, they are filled with crushed stone and soil, and compacted tightly.

The optimal height of the posts is considered to be one that provides a distance of 30 cm from the ground to the finished floor.

Which floor to choose for an extension

If the foundation is of a strip type, you can choose any floor (wooden, concrete) for the frame extension. If it is columnar, then it is only wooden.

Let's consider both cases:

1. Concrete. After pouring the foundation, 30-35 cm of soil is selected inside the concrete rectangle. Next, sand is poured into this mini-pit, and crushed stone or expanded clay is poured on top. The thickness of the layer is 20 cm. A reinforced lattice is installed on top of this pillow and a full-fledged screed is poured. A completely flat surface is achieved, after which tiles, laminate or wood are laid on top.
2. Wood. Install massive floor beams on top of the waterproofing, connecting them to the foundation with anchors or other fasteners. Next, logs are stuffed onto the beams, they are insulated, and the flooring is laid on top.

Construction of frame walls

Timber is used to construct the walls of a frame extension. Vertical posts and beams are made from it. First, the main frame of the walls is assembled in a horizontal position, and then it is erected vertically.

Installation rules:

1. Define lower bars strappings and make a cut on them every 50 cm for vertical beams.
2. Install the racks into the grooves and secure them with special screws and corners.
3. Assemble the upper beams for strapping.
4. They fasten the veranda together with the house using vertical beams.
5. Anchor bolts are used to secure the veranda posts to the house.
6. The resulting veranda frame is immediately sheathed on the outside with boards, plywood or OSB to increase the rigidity of the structure.
7. Next, the frame is insulated, the roof is built and secured, and then doors and windows are installed.

Roof construction

Most the best option for a frame extension - pitched roof , it matches with any basic roof.

Mount it as follows:

1. First, the rafters are secured on one side under the slope of the existing building, and on the other - on the wall of the veranda. Used as fastening metal corners with a pre-calculated angle of inclination.
2. Make sure that the ledge rafter legs behind the wall was not less than 30 cm. Thanks to such a canopy, the veranda will be maximally protected from getting wet by sewage.
3. The choice of roofing is made in advance. The best option will the same material as for the roof of the house. Slate can be installed directly on the rafters or on the sheathing, and soft roof– only on OSB sheets or plywood.
4. The rafter structure is sheathed with a layer of waterproofing, depending on the type of roofing.
5. All roofing materials installed from bottom to top.
6. To insulate the roof, it is best to use mineral wool.

Insulation of an attached building

In order for a frame extension to a house to be suitable for habitation, it must be insulated. The best insulation is normal mineral wool. It can be cut into the required squares and laid between the sections of the frame. If the wool is laid in several layers, you need to move the slabs together so that there are no joining seams.

Insulation is sheathed inside and outside vapor barrier film so that moisture does not collect inside and spoil the material. After that they do decorative finishing. From the inside of the extension, the frame walls can be sheathed with wood, plasterboard, chipboard, and on the outside - with siding and other decorative materials.

In total, it looks like this:

• vapor barrier layer;

  Floor insulation V frame extension do in the same way. Mineral wool is placed in the cracks between the subfloor joists, and the boards are covered with a layer waterproofing film. Once the insulation is installed, the waterproofing is placed over it again, and then the floor is sheathed with plywood and the final covering is installed.

  If you are planning to add additional space to your home frame technology, it is extremely important to follow all safety precautions. This means you shouldn't skimp on money. personal protection, it is better to purchase a high-quality tool that will not let you down in a critical situation. Then the construction will be a successful event.

  Video: construction stages