Self-leveling houses with permanent formwork. Technology of building houses from permanent formwork. Pouring formwork with concrete
What is a thermohouse? This building was built using permanent formwork from expanded polystyrene. It is quite simple to build a building using this technology with your own hands. Correct Application our advice is already 100% success in construction. Get to know everyone necessary actions in construction, you can read this article.
Many appear every year latest technologies and developments in modern construction. The method of manufacturing permanent formwork is one of them. He gained popularity because of his merits. Inexpensive, time-saving, easy to use. This method contains many innovations and meets all the relevant requirements. The strength of the structure and simplicity influenced the speed of construction. - this is some kind of large construction set that is assembled into one, and the void is filled with reinforcement and mortar. The construction of a thermal house is impossible without the use of permanent formwork, only it is used for this type of house.
Pros and cons of permanent formwork
Every design and every material has both positive characteristics and negative sides. To know what to work with, you need to know more about them. Let's take a closer look at what these qualities are. For quality work everything must be taken into account character traits permanent formwork.
Advantages of permanent formwork
- The shortest time for wall construction compared to other technologies;
- Ease of implementation, which reduces the work time;
- The wall turns out to be very strong;
- Affordability, which has a positive effect on financial condition developer;
- Convenience for carrying out independent work. Such work does not require the use of additional construction equipment;
- This design will allow you to save up to 40% on heating;
- Expanded polystyrene is highly resistant to aging.
Minuses
- Increased humidity in the constructed room; due to this drawback, frequent ventilation of the room is necessary;
- Material such as polystyrene foam is still under great doubt regarding its safety for health;
- At temperatures above 90 degrees it can emit harmful substances for life;
Installation of the first row of blocks
The formwork is removed after approximately 20-25 days. Smooth openings remain; later they are lined with other materials. After completion, the walls are finished on the outside. The most commonly used type is siding or blockhouse.
Video of building a house using permanent formwork
About the environmental friendliness of polystyrene foam
There is a lot of controversy about the environmental properties of this material. Styrene, the substance from which expanded polystyrene is made, is considered poisonous to the human body. The most harmful thing is that when the temperature increases to +90 degrees and above, this substance begins to actively release toxins in environment. However, according to MPC standards, it is completely suitable for the construction of individual housing.
A house made of permanent formwork is also called a thermal house. And that's why. The walls of the house are initially assembled from hollow polystyrene foam blocks. These voids are then reinforced to provide longitudinal rigidity to the frame and filled concrete mixture. It turns out to be a single monolithic design. With the thickness of such walls of a house made of permanent formwork being 25 centimeters ( standard size block 1200x250x250 mm) its heat saving indicators are comparable to brick wall 50-65 centimeters thick.
Benefits of technology
Having analyzed the reviews of owners of houses made of permanent formwork, we can highlight the following advantages:
- Accelerated time for building a house frame combined with low cost;
- The pressure on the foundation is reduced, which makes it possible to reduce its cost;
- No need to use powerful lifting mechanisms(they may be required for laying floor slabs);
- Pouring the concrete mixture can be done using a low-pressure concrete pump or manually through a funnel specially designed for this purpose;
- High thermal efficiency of walls;
- The ability to build a house of any configuration, ease of assembly of the frame (the blocks are easily sawed and attached according to the Lego principle);
- Long service life of a structure built using this technology;
- The strength of the walls, with their smaller thickness, is comparable to brick;
- Increasing the usable volume of the room;
- Insulation (as well as sound insulation) of the constructed walls is not required, except for buildings located in cold climatic conditions. For areas with low temperatures blocks of increased thickness are produced (up to 50 cm);
- Reducing heating costs in the house;
- A large selection of types of polystyrene foam formwork elements (corner elements, blocks with plugs for making openings, etc. are available);
- Simplicity of finishing. Such walls do not need leveling before finishing work. Any can be used for them Decoration Materials(siding, non-combustible drywall, ceramic tile etc.);
- A house built using polystyrene foam permanent formwork is not susceptible to rotting, mold, or destruction by rodents;
- Possibility of laying communications (cables, pipes) inside the walls. For this purpose, the blocks have special holes for this;
- The corners of the building have precise geometry;
- Possibility of using blocks of such formwork for the device strip foundation. To waterproof such a foundation, it is sufficient to install a drainage system.
Disadvantages of technology
The disadvantages of polystyrene foam permanent formwork include:
- There is a danger of destruction of unprotected polystyrene foam walls when interacting with aggressive liquids (gasoline, solvents, acids, etc.). Therefore, such walls require mandatory finishing;
- Limiting the load on the walls of the building (for example, the pressure on a load-bearing wall should not exceed 70 kilograms);
- Release of harmful toxic substances when foam is heated. Therefore, protection with the help of special fireproof layers is often used.
Important! Some owners of such buildings prefer to dismantle the inner layer of polystyrene foam. You can tear off the foam inside. It is worth noting that in this case the heat capacity of the walls decreases.
- Due to the poor vapor conductivity of such formwork, it is necessary to carefully design the ventilation in the house;
- Mandatory grounding of the house is required.
What buildings are being built using this technology?
There are practically no restrictions here. Using this technology the following can be built:
- private houses, dachas, cottages;
- low-rise apartment buildings up to 9 floors high;
- outbuildings (shed, chicken coop, etc.);
- warehouses, hangars;
- sports facilities (swimming pools, ice arenas, sports and recreation centers);
- various public spaces.
Important points
According to reviews from the owners of such houses, we can give advice - do not use permanent formwork from little-known companies. The density of polystyrene foam in it should be at least 25-35 kg/m3. Otherwise it is fraught with:
- crumbling or cracking of polystyrene foam blocks, which will subsequently lead to a spill of concrete mixture from the formwork;
- curvature of the formwork under the weight of concrete and, as a result, unevenness of the walls;
- inconvenience of laying reinforcement and tying formwork blocks together;
- release of toxic substances during building operation;
- and ultimately, a loss of time and money.
Before purchasing formwork of this type, be sure to ask the seller to present a hygienic certificate for it.
Other types of industrial permanent formwork
These types include:
- Expanded clay concrete blocks. By appearance they look like cinder blocks. This is the very first type of permanent formwork. Today it is rarely used due to high cost and the need for insulation.
- Glass-magnesite structures. They are lightweight, but cannot be used for load-bearing walls.
- Arbilite structures. Consist of cement and wood shavings. They have high thermal insulation properties, but are quite expensive.
You can make permanent formwork yourself from moisture resistant plywood, cement particle boards or sheets flat slate. It turns out to be quite durable and resistant to moisture. However, the wall has low thermal insulation properties. Therefore, insulation of the building will be required, for example mineral wool. You will also need enhanced waterproofing and fasteners.
If the time to complete construction work limited, you can speed up the process by building a house from permanent formwork. The structure is assembled from factory-made polystyrene foam blocks, reinforced and filled with concrete. This technology allows you to save significant money on heating the room and allows you to erect buildings up to 9 floors high.
Advantages of houses made of permanent formwork
Houses made from permanent formwork have many advantages over brick and block buildings:
- Reducing the weight of the building, the wall is thinner and lighter, and the heat saving is higher.
- Increasing usable space inside the house.
- Reducing the cost of building the foundation of a house.
- Precise geometry of all shapes, ease of connecting blocks, similar to the construction set.
- Conducting construction at any time of the year.
- Easy to assemble the frame, the ability to mount a structure of any configuration.
- Possibility of conducting communications inside the walls.
- Significant reduction in heating costs through the use of polystyrene foam blocks.
- Formwork blocks are not susceptible to moisture and serve as water protection for internal concrete elements.
- The walls do not need to be leveled before execution finishing works.
- Long service life.
To construct a strip foundation, you can also use polystyrene foam formwork.
Concrete solution is poured into the mold manually or using a low-pressure hose.
Flaws
Like any technological process, building houses from permanent formwork has some disadvantages:
- Can't load load-bearing walls more than 70 kg per 1 m2.
- Walls need finishing to protect the foam from destruction under the influence of external factors. The unprotected layer is destroyed when interacting with aggressive substances.
- Polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam are combustible materials. When heated, substances harmful to health are released. To protect the inside of the house, special fireproof layers are laid.
- Such houses have poor steam conductivity, so it is necessary to provide equipment ventilation ducts.
- The building requires grounding.
Sometimes, after the construction of a building, owners dismantle the layer of foam plastic located inside the room, which leads to a decrease in heat efficiency in the house.
Monolithic construction technology
Permanent formwork blocks are most often made of polystyrene foam in the form of two plates connected by partitions. There are cavities inside into which concrete mortar is poured.
Thanks to technology monolithic construction At the stage of one technological cycle, several operations are performed simultaneously. A monolithic wall insulated on both sides is being erected.
The outer layer of expanded polystyrene protects the wall from atmospheric influences. The inner layer serves as a barrier to heat exchange between warm air located in the rooms and walls.
Types of permanent formwork for home
There are several types of permanent formwork for houses. It is classified depending on the materials used for manufacturing.
Chip-cement blocks
Blocks were invented in the Netherlands. Made from wood chips coniferous species wood treated with special compounds. Cement clinker, gypsum, Portland cement and other compounds are used as binding materials. Block size 30 x 500 x 2000 mm.
Advantages:
- the blocks are light in weight and yet have high strength;
- high rates of sound insulation and heat saving;
- resistance to moisture and temperature changes;
- not subject to rotting;
- steam passes through, thanks to this a healthy microclimate is formed in the house;
- the material is easy to cut and process; when installing the formwork, the elements are tied together with wire.
For achievement fire safety The material is treated with special compounds. Reinforcement of chip-cement blocks is carried out in increments of 250-300 cm. Concrete is poured in one go at a distance equal to two rows. The cement mortar is compacted using the bayonet method.
Expanded clay concrete
The blocks are made from cement, thanks to which the material allows steam to pass through and breathe. They produce masonry elements for load-bearing structures, beams of horizontal and vertical floors, partitions, for the installation of columns, strapping belts.
Expanded polystyrene
Most often used to build houses. They are hollow blocks with walls of different thicknesses. External side thicker than the inner one, as it provides thermal insulation.
The material is affordable and durable enough to withstand the pressure of the concrete solution that will be poured into the mold.
To increase the strength of permanent formwork, assembly is carried out with an offset of 1/3, according to the type brickwork.
Reinforcement is carried out in increments of 1 meter, vertical rods are interconnected with an overlap.
Before pouring concrete, communications are laid through holes made in the structural elements.
Expanded polystyrene does not breathe and does not allow steam to pass through. When using such formwork, installation of ventilation ducts is required.
Permanent formwork can also be made from cheaper materials: moisture-resistant plywood, cement-bonded particle boards, profiled flooring or sheets of flat slate. It turns out strong, withstands atmospheric influences, but does not provide high thermal insulation. The house will need to be insulated with polystyrene foam or mineral wool.
What you need to know when choosing formwork
In order for the mold for the house to be of high quality, durable and serve for a long time, you need to choose materials from famous manufacturers with a good reputation.
The density of expanded polystyrene should be at least 25-35 kg/cub.m. If the density is less, the structure may not withstand the pressure cement mortar. The blocks will crack and concrete will leak out. If rupture does not occur, the pressure of the mixture may deform the shape, resulting in curved walls.
If the density of polystyrene foam is low, it may crumble during installation of the reinforcement frame.
The guarantee of quality is the presence of a hygienic certificate.
Installation of a house from permanent formwork
The construction of a house from permanent formwork can be designed in various configurations. Due to the fact that polystyrene foam is easy to process, almost any design can be obtained.
They mark the area, pull the cord strictly according to the level, and use it to guide them when assembling the structure.
On the end parts of the blocks there is lock connection tongue and groove type. This type of fastening can withstand the mass of concrete mortar.
Foundation installation
The foundation for the house is chosen based on the characteristics of the soil, the level of location groundwater, climatic conditions and the design features of the house. We build a house on a foundation that best suits the calculated indicators.
The tape base is used most often due to its simplicity and reliability. The foundation is laid below the soil freezing level, on average this figure is 1.5 m.
If there is a large difference in height construction site, install a columnar base.
For soil prone to movement or if future housing construction is located in seismically active areas, a slab foundation is chosen. Its device is expensive, but sometimes it’s the only thing possible variant reliable basis for home.
To save money, they build a foundation without construction ground floor. Savings will be 15% of total cost, in this case a prefabricated strip-type foundation structure is used. For this type of construction, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing layer.
Laying the first row
Installation of formwork begins from the corner. A reinforcement frame is inserted into the blocks, and the elements are fastened together using a wire tie.
It is very important to lay out the first row of formwork in a quality and level manner; it will determine how smooth and strong the walls will be.
Be sure to make bends for installing internal partitions, leaving a gap for installing entrance doors.
At the first stage, all communications are carried out and installed inside the formwork cavities. Provide openings for ventilation ducts.
Laying the second, third row
The second and each subsequent row is laid offset, like brickwork. This will ensure the rigidity and strength of the formwork. When connecting blocks, it is important to ensure that they snap tightly together and do not deviate from the horizontal and vertical level.
The third row is the most important, it serves as a control indicator of how evenly the blocks are installed.
Pouring formwork with concrete
After installing the third row, the formwork is poured concrete mortar. It is necessary to prepare such a volume of concrete that it is enough to fill the entire perimeter of three rows of formwork blocks. Use cement of at least grade M200.
Filling is carried out from the corner, gradually moving towards the center. This will help minimize the formation of air bubbles in the solution.
Fill the form with concrete in one go either manually or using a hose under low pressure. If you release the solution under high pressure, it can tear the formwork.
The outermost row is filled halfway so that when compacting the solution does not spill out and flood the locking connection from above. The surface is not leveled in order to increase the degree of setting with the solution poured into subsequent rows.
It is important to compact the solution tightly so that there are no voids inside and all air bubbles come out.
Laying the top rows
Subsequent rows are laid according to the scheme described above. After every third row, concrete is poured.
A recess is made in the row where the floor beams or floor joists will be located. The cut element should not exceed ¼ of the formwork fragment. Then the beams are installed and pouring is performed.
Finishing
For exterior finishing work of a house from permanent formwork, you can choose almost any material: decorative plaster, a natural stone, siding, etc.
Polystyrene foam cannot be left open, as it is destroyed under the influence of sun rays and may catch fire from accidental fire.
The walls do not require leveling, but for additional protection, plasterboard sheets can be mounted on polystyrene foam.
Walls can be covered decorative plaster, which makes it possible to create unique design in room. If you invite a specialist, he can create a real masterpiece on the wall. By applying a pattern to wet or dry plaster, paintings of various themes are created.
A cheaper option is to putty the walls, prime them and wallpaper them. You can choose rolls to suit every taste: paper, vinyl, non-woven and other types. The most expensive and durable wallpapers are fiberglass wallpapers that can be painted.
More details about houses made of permanent formwork can be seen in the video:
When all steps are carried out in accordance with the standards technological process, the frame of the house can easily withstand all load-bearing loads and will last more than 100 years without loss of strength. Buildings with permanent formwork made of expanded polystyrene are also called thermal houses. The walls retain heat well in the room, reducing heating costs in winter and air conditioning in summer.
Today, the main requirement when building a house is efficiency. But how can we make sure that the house is economical not only in construction, but also in operation? One of the most optimal options— application of permanent formwork technology
Features of material and technology
Construction technology using permanent formwork cannot be considered new. The first houses using this system in Europe and America were built more than 25 years ago. It is difficult to answer clearly who is the founder of this technology. To a certain extent, it can be considered the DOW CHEMICAL company, which in 1940 invented extruded polystyrene foam. In the early 50s. In West Germany, a technology for producing polystyrene foam by hot molding was developed, which was used in construction in the USA for the production of simple concrete forms. As for Russia, the technology of permanent formwork is not yet so widespread in our country. The reason is the tendency of private developers to more traditional types house building (wooden and brick), as well as the manifestation of distrust in everything new and little tested. Nevertheless Russian companies There are quite a few people building houses using foamed polystyrene foam formwork.
Features of expanded polystyrene
A house built using permanent formwork technology combines the advantages of walls made of monolithic concrete with properties inherent in polystyrene foam. Expanded polystyrene is produced by foaming polystyrene during heat treatment. One of its main advantages is its high thermal insulation properties due to the cellular structure of the material. Expanded polystyrene consists of foamed granules, the cells between which are completely closed and sealed. With low density, it is characterized by high compressive strength, low dynamic stiffness, providing high-quality insulation from impact noise; low diffusion of water vapor and water absorption; fire resistance (self-extinguishing material that does not support combustion). Expanded polystyrene has high stability to alkaline and saline solutions, weak acids, etc. According to research conducted at the Research Institute of Building Physics (Moscow) using a special technique with temperature fluctuations from -40 to +40 ° C and keeping in water, polystyrene foam can be used without loss of the original physical properties at least 80 years old.
Wall construction made of polystyrene foam blocks
The word “formwork” in private housing construction is usually used when talking about building a foundation. This is the name for a structure made of boards (and plywood), which allows you to form a foundation strip when pouring concrete. As soon as it gains the necessary strength, the formwork is removed. In the technology we are talking about, the foundation is being built traditional way, and permanent formwork is used only for the construction of walls. Its elements are lightweight polystyrene foam blocks various sizes and forms connected to each other by bridges made of the same polystyrene foam, polypropylene or metal. It is no coincidence that the blocks are called “Lego sets for adults”: on top they have protrusions, on the bottom - similar to them in size and location of the cavity. The blocks are connected by lightly pressing on their edges. In this case, the locks, which are located in the upper and lower parts of the edges, close tightly, without gaps. In one row, the blocks are joined using locks provided at the ends of the elements.
Expanded polystyrene modules fit so tightly to each other that during concreting, the leakage of cement laitance, as well as the ingress of air or atmospheric moisture into the technological cavities is absolutely excluded. In addition to blocks, reinforcement and concrete are mandatory “participants” in the construction process according to this technology. Reinforcement is laid horizontally and vertically in expanded polystyrene blocks, and then the cavities of the modules are concreted. As a result, a strong building structure is formed with a thickness of reinforced concrete walls of 15 cm (this is the distance between internal surfaces ribs of blocks), surrounded on both sides by a shell of polystyrene foam. The thickness of the inner part of the block is 5 cm, the outer part is 5 or 10 and 15 cm (for northern regions).
A professional team of builders spends two and a half to three weeks to build a house frame with a total area of 200-300 m² from elements of permanent formwork
Advantages of permanent formwork technology
Permanent formwork technology has a number of advantages over traditional ones. First of all, thanks to its use, it occurs significant savings financial, time and labor costs. As practice shows, a turnkey house can be built in 4.5-5 months. The light weight of the blocks makes it possible not to use heavy construction equipment. The thickness of the walls is half that of brick walls, which increases the usable area Houses. Lightweight wall structures allow the use of more economical types of foundations, for example shallow foundations. The construction process occurs simultaneously with thermal insulation (therefore, during operation of the facility, heating costs are significantly reduced) and sound insulation of the building. The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.036-0.039 W/m·K, acoustic insulation is 49 dB. It is important that permanent formwork technology can be used in winter. Thanks to the thermal protection created by the formwork, the water in the concrete does not freeze even in severe frosts and all of it goes into a chemical reaction with the cement, forming a strong monolithic wall.
Main stages of work
We offer to get acquainted with the features of construction technology using permanent polystyrene formwork using the example of the construction of one of the cottages near Moscow.
The owner of the future building came to the construction company with a project developed for a brick building. Finished projects, created for the technology we are talking about, today there are few. And customers often do not want to use standard projects, which is why, as a rule, it is necessary to adapt house designs from other materials to the concrete-polystyrene combination.
When the project was ready and the estimate was drawn up, the builders began creating a strip foundation. They dug trenches to the depth of soil freezing (1.7 m), put together plank formwork, and lined it with sheets of roofing felt. Then the reinforcement cage was tied together. Above the upper plane of the foundation, under the future perimeter of the walls, vertical reinforcement outlets with a height of 60-70 cm were made, so that in the future it would be possible to lay two rows of blocks ( overall height 50 cm) and there would still be a segment left for tying together the next reinforcing bars. The solution was supplied to the formwork using a concrete pump. Due to the difference in relief, the base has different heights above ground level.
It is also possible to erect buildings using polystyrene foam modules in regions with harsh winters. In this case, blocks with an outer wall of 10 or 15 cm are used
The next stage - laying cut-off waterproofing, without which traditional construction is essential, was absent in this case. The specialists who built the house explain this by saying that both the foundation and the walls are made of the same material - monolithic reinforced concrete, so there is no need to cut off the foundation from the walls. Horizontal waterproofing is required if, for example, the foundation is cast from concrete, and the walls are made of wood, brick, foam blocks, etc.
After dismantling the formwork, the first row of polystyrene foam blocks was installed along the entire perimeter of the future building. Three types of elements were used: corner, ordinary (wall) and end. They have standard length 120 cm and height 25 cm. The builders placed horizontal reinforcement in the grooves of the modules. The second row of blocks was laid with an offset (based on the principle of brickwork) that is a multiple of 250 mm. In this row, horizontal reinforcement was inserted in a checkerboard pattern into another groove from the center, and in the third - above the reinforcement of the first row. Then vertical reinforcement was installed in the center of the blocks. As a result, it turns out that the horizontal reinforcement covers the vertical one.
Three rows of blocks are laid at a time, but only two and a half are poured. If you fill all three blocks with concrete mixture, the connecting protrusions of the upper module will be stained with the solution. And when it hardens, it will be impossible to ensure reliable joining of the elements. To protect the mounting tabs, special covers are placed on the top of the modules. They are removed after pouring concrete.
According to the project, having laid three rows of blocks, the builders began constructing the ceiling of the first floor. To do this, they hammered it into the ground wooden racks, connected them with intermediate beams, on which they laid laminated plywood. A double reinforcement frame 16 cm high was tied on top of it, beacons were placed and the entire area of the future ceiling was poured using a concrete pump, leaving a technological hatch for laying engineering communications. Once the concrete has set, you can walk on it and continue further construction. The concrete pump is used only for casting floors. As for the walls, concrete grade 300-350, prepared directly at the construction site, is used for their construction. This requires washed quarry sand, gravel crushed stone of fraction 5-20, cement grade 500 and a concrete mixer. The solution is poured into the grooves of the modules in buckets, the main condition is to do this work carefully. No more than three rows of blocks are laid per day, otherwise the weight of the poured concrete may tear the lower modules.
Simultaneously with the construction of the walls, door and window openings are formed. To maintain their dimensions and geometry, wooden spacers are used.
The construction of houses using permanent formwork technology takes place in three stages: installation of polystyrene foam blocks, laying of reinforcement, concreting
The overlap between the first and second floors was made similarly to the previous one. Then the second floor walls and gables were erected. The latter were lined up in this way. They placed three rows of blocks and drew a line along which the cut of the pediment would pass. Then the elements were numbered, removed, cut along the intended line and installed in place. Then it was reinforced and filled with mortar. No more than three rows of modules were also laid at a time. Then the construction of the pediment continued. To prevent concrete from leaking out of the modules cut at an angle, workers made a temporary wooden formwork, which was fixed on scaffolding.
Traditionally, for the manufacture of foundations and walls in monolithic concrete houses, concrete was poured into temporary formwork, which was removed after the concrete had dried. Construction technology using permanent formwork is an alternative to such construction. The formwork is made of polystyrene foam, which folds like Lego blocks. After the formwork is installed, the reinforcement is installed, the formwork is leveled and concrete is poured into it. After the concrete has dried, throughout the life of the building, polystyrene foam works as insulating material. It seems, it seems very good technology quick construction of a house. Lightweight formwork that does not need to be removed ensures virtually no waste. Buildings constructed using permanent formwork have increased strength and are positioned as energy efficient and environmentally friendly. But is permanent polystyrene foam formwork really that good?
First, about the environmental friendliness of polystyrene foam
It should be noted that polystyrene foam, with a very big stretch, can be classified as environmentally friendly materials. Yet it is often labeled as such. This is true unless you look at it from the point of view of:
Impact on humans - styrene, from which polystyrene foam is made, is a poison for humans; in polystyrene foam it is polymerized, but not completely, so the poison is gradually released into the environment, and under the influence of light, oxygen, heat, etc. it begins to stand out more actively. In a fire, it burns at very high temperature 1100 °C, destroying even metal constructions, and releases toxic substances. Of course, modern polystyrene foam is treated with fire retardants, so they talk about fire safety, but fire retardants are also not harmless to humans.
Impact on the environment - after the end of its service life, polystyrene foam is sent to a landfill, but there it will lie for hundreds of years, poisoning the environment, since it has poor biodegradability properties.
Question: is such an “eco-friendly” material necessary?
Remodeling a house from permanent formwork
Houses made from permanent formwork are difficult to reconstruct. It is necessary to carefully consider the design of the house and anticipate all possible necessary changes in the future. For example, to add a window or door, you will have to cut a monolithic concrete wall, which is not at all easy and will take a lot of time. It is also important to take into account all communication systems in advance: electrical wiring, plumbing pipes, ventilation, etc., since after construction is completed it will be difficult to carry out all these communications.
Insects or water can get into the walls
Block segments must be installed very tightly, otherwise the outer wall insulation may become susceptible to insects great place residence and will be able to infiltrate groundwater. But this is a partly solvable problem; there are blocks treated with insecticide and protected from water. However, as a rule, such blocks are more expensive than regular ones.
Need skilled labor
This construction technology is relatively new to Russia, so it is difficult to find qualified practicing builders who have fully mastered the construction method. This also increases the cost of construction because skilled workers are in demand and their work costs more.
Can only be built in the warm season
At temperatures below 0°C, concrete hardening practically stops; it must be poured at temperatures above 5°C. Also, during hot periods, it may be necessary to moisten the concrete with water.
High humidity in the house after construction
Immediately after building a house, problems with high humidity may arise. Increased humidity in the home occurs because the concrete is still in the curing process. Once it has completely hardened, the air humidity level may return to normal levels. You can use a dehumidifier to dry the air.
Thermos house
Walls built in this way do not “breathe” well, since polystyrene foam has low vapor permeability. Therefore, it is imperative to provide a forced supply and exhaust ventilation system in the house.
Mandatory grounding and zeroing of the house
The use of metal fittings requires the installation of a grounding and grounding circuit.
The technology of building a house from permanent formwork has obvious advantages, but it also has a number of disadvantages, which are mostly associated with the use of polystyrene foam. If, when choosing a technology for building a house, we take into account not only the speed of construction and cost, but also other factors, then the technology using permanent formwork will not be the best choice.
Screenshot of the video youtube.com/House made of FOAM formwork. (Part 3) (28,553 views | 1 views today)
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