home > Window > Technology for welding a barbecue so as not to lead. We make a grill with our own hands: instructions, drawings and photos. Brazier made of metal and brick. Advantages of metal structures

Technology for welding a barbecue so as not to lead. We make a grill with our own hands: instructions, drawings and photos. Brazier made of metal and brick. Advantages of metal structures

Barbecue masters can prepare this dish even in the middle of a deep forest without a single device for this. But it’s still much nicer and more convenient to use reliable, proven and durable devices for cooking outdoors. But most often this process occurs with the participation of barbecues.

Peculiarities

The most common barbecue device is a metal grill.

Here are its main advantages.

Simplicity. Most often, a barbecue is a box with legs, into which firewood or coals are poured, a fire is built, and skewers with meat or a grill with vegetables are placed on top.
Mobility. Some metal models can be used anywhere: on the ground, on a concrete platform, on a terrace and even on a sandy beach.
Functionality. Even the simplest inventions can be decorated with ornate forging, which can serve as additional hooks for hanging skewers or a net. You can build a structure with a roof or with additional shelves.

Safety. The metal does not burn, does not melt and does not create fires. And this is a big plus.
Economical. Even in the absence required material and the desire to make a metal grill yourself, you will spend a small amount of money on its purchase.

The disadvantages include the not always aesthetic appearance and fragility of some models. However, all these nuances are eliminated and adjusted individually for each user and for each case.

The unique feature of metal barbecues is that you can easily make them yourself.

To do this you do not need to have any special knowledge or skills. You just need to decide on the model and materials, listen to the advice of professionals or simply knowledgeable people, and also be sure that your plan will be realized 100%.

Design and principle of operation

Starting to look at the device from bottom to top, you definitely need to pay attention to the legs. As a rule, these are four metal corners, pointed downwards, so that they can be stuck into the ground. The height of this element is selected individually if the product is made to order. In construction and gardening stores, you will most likely come across standard universal models with a length of 80 to 120 cm. Metal ones are sometimes chosen as this element reinforcing bars, some craftsmen resort to forging the base of the barbecue.

There are also unique homemade structures installed on the lower iron part sewing machines, unusable tables, etc. Almost anything that holds firmly on any surface and can withstand the weight of a metal box and its contents during cooking over a fire is used.

The steel box, which consists of four sidewalls and a bottom, represents the basis of the barbecue structure. Often the lower part of this box is reinforced to increase the service life of the entire structure. The side walls must be perforated so that heat does not accumulate in one place and air circulation occurs. Thus, a kind of blower is created, like in stoves.

On the upper edges of the long sides of the metal box, recesses are made, into which skewers are then very conveniently inserted. This allows minimizing the movement of mini-spits on metal.

The principle of operation of such barbecues is known to everyone. Coals or logs of firewood are laid out at the bottom of a metal box and a fire is lit. When the fire dies down and only coals, ash and the heat from them remain in the grill, skewers with pre-prepared meat or vegetables are laid out on the structure in orderly rows. The heat in the hearth is maintained by improvised means, which create a powerful flow of air into the structure, but do not re-light the fire in the ashes.

Types of structures

As for various designs, which involve comfortable cooking of barbecue, then here you should first understand the main types of metal barbecues.

There are four types in total.

Disposable. Grill on a quick fix. Everything that can be found nearby is used - from tin cans to two U-shaped metal profiles.
Stationary. The second step in the evolution of metal barbecues. Simple, economical, sustainable. Can be used as outdoors, and under a canopy. If necessary, you can add a roof, a hood (or even a chimney), a pot stand and a double bottom.

Collapsible. It differs from the stationary one in the way that the barbecue elements are attached to each other. In the first, all joints are spot welded. In the second, they are screwed with metal bolts or hinges, which allows it to be disassembled for a time when it is not in use.
Folding. Original models of mobile barbecues made of metal, which are very convenient to store right in the trunk of a car in case of a sudden trip to nature. They are suitcases in which you can put skewers and legs of a folding metal structure.

Each of the modifications has both positive aspects and disadvantages. By making a metal barbecue with your own hands, you take responsibility for its design and operation. And this is to your advantage.

Having decided to take this important step, you can plan to have a smokehouse or barbecue grill.

Some projects also include a lid in the overall design of the barbecue. By covering the barbecue, you can ensure the fastest preparation of your dish and be sure that all the most valuable and beneficial properties and vitamins will be preserved in it.

In order for proper air circulation to occur inside the metal barbecue box, it is better to make slits, called a blower, at the bottom of the sides of the structure. They are done in the bottom special holes with a diameter of 10-12 mm, so that the oxygen entering these holes burns out, thereby enriching the meat over the fire.

For the legs of barbecues, metal rods or even pipes are sometimes easily used. The main thing is to cut, weld or fasten it to the main structure correctly.

Craftsmen make metal barbecues practically out of thin air.

So, there are options from a barrel, a gas cylinder, and even from the drum of an automatic washing machine.

Drawings and dimensions

Before you start production process, it’s worth deciding on the model, size, and material. The next step will be to create a small but correct project plan, in which you need to display all the nuances and necessary numbers. The sketch should show a schematic representation of the future structure.

Let's look at the main components and tools that will be needed for the job.

Sheet of metal or pieces thereof. The thickness of the material, according to the recommendations of professionals, ranges from 3 to 5-7 mm. Of course, the higher this indicator, the longer the service life of the metal structure itself will be. In this case, it is convenient to manufacture a prefabricated structure, when the bottom can be made denser and the walls thinner.
Metal corners or profile pipes. The first ones are suitable both for installing the legs of the barbecue and for strengthening the thin-walled sides of the box. Pipes are only suitable for creating two pairs of legs on which the entire structure will stand.

Grinder with metal discs.
Drill for drilling ventilation holes or holes for fastenings.
A welding machine, if you decide to make a stationary grill from one or more sheets of metal.

The main dimensions of a standard stationary metal grill are shown in the diagram. But to make your measurements, you need to understand why these particular numbers were chosen. The width of the box is always based on the length of the skewers minus 8-10 cm. On average, it will be somewhere around 30 cm.

The length depends on the number of skewers that will be simultaneously used in preparing kebabs. The distance from one semi-finished product to another is also taken into account here, because they should not fit tightly to each other. So, the figure taken as a basis is 10 cm per one threaded skewer.

The depth of the metal barbecue box is clearly calculated and has parameters of 20-25 cm. This distance is enough to fry the meat, but not burn it. If the depth is made more than 25 cm, fuel consumption and barbecue cooking time will increase.

There are also original mini-models, all sizes of which will have to be cut down, depending on the reduction of the layout itself.

They usually have short legs and are located close to the ground. But even such designs look beautiful and practical thanks to a systematic and careful approach to manufacturing and assembly.

Step-by-step manufacturing instructions

It's worth understanding step by step process creating stationary metal barbecues with your own hands.

The first step is marking. Draw a silhouette on a single sheet of metal future design in disassembled condition. You should get a cross.

The second step is to cut out the drawn figure using a grinder. Next you will need to bend all the sides and weld them together. The box is ready.

Then we drill holes in the bottom for air and cut air vents in the walls of the box. Here it is also important to observe a certain system. The holes must be approximately the same distance from each other and from the edges of the box. Approximately - about 60 mm in one row.

Considering that the holes are staggered, the distance from the bottom to the top is only 30 mm. This is necessary to ensure that oxygen enters the grill evenly.

The next step is to cut grooves to securely fix the skewers on the grill. These “teeth” are located on the upper side of the long sidewalls of the structure. The manufacture and fastening of the legs is planned to be done last.

The stationary metal grill is ready. You can attach additional handles to it (for ease of moving from place to place), hooks, grilles and even wheels for transportation.

You can make a collapsible iron grill for your dacha yourself.

All work is carried out in four stages.

Marking and cutting out the walls and bottom. All elements must be drawn taking into account the allowance for folded seams.
We make blowers and air ducts in the walls and bottom.
On the allowances left when cutting the elements, holes are made for attaching them to each other.
The legs will also be attached without welding. A metal corner is suitable here, which is screwed to the box with fireproof screws or self-tapping screws. It would also be a great idea to use tubes on which you need to make threads, weld bolts to the structure and screw tube legs into them.

A homemade collapsible iron grill can be used for its intended purpose immediately after all work is completed.

After cooking, it can be easily folded and stored in the shed or garage. It won't take up much space and won't get in the way.

A traveling “suitcase” can also be easily made at home. To do this, you need to make a drawing on a metal sheet, where 4 cm is added to each side. Holes are made on the long sides. The bottom and walls are fastened together with door canopies. Bolts are welded to the bottom to secure the legs. We complement the design with a hook and loop so that the grill itself does not fall apart. We weld a handle to the side to make it convenient to carry the metal “suitcase”, even if you are traveling to nature on public transport.

Making an original kebab maker from scrap materials is as easy as shelling pears. The most popular projects today are a barbecue made from a metal barrel, from a gas cylinder and a washing machine drum.

The barrel design can combine two functions at once: a barbecue grill and a smokehouse.

There are at least three ways to make it. In the first case, the barrel is placed on its side, its upper part is cut out, leaving the ends intact. The cut out lid is attached to the main body of the future barbecue using ordinary door canopies. Legs, for example, metal rods, are welded to the ends of the barrel. At the cut line of the upper part, corners are attached with a welding machine, on which notches are made for fixing the skewers.

The second option for cutting a barrel is to divide it into two parts. Having placed the base of the grill on a flat surface, we make a vertical cut from the top end to the bottom. The percentage of parts can be different: from 30/70 to 50/50. But the lower one must be greater than or equal to the upper one. Then the whole process happens identically.

Making the perfect smoker is also easy. But for this you will need two barrels. One will become the base cabinet for the smokehouse, inside which a fire will be built. The second will be cut into two parts horizontally and will become the smoking unit itself. Sawdust must be placed on the bottom of this barrel. The lid must be kept closed throughout the entire process.

Making a metal barbecue from a used gas cylinder is schematically very similar to the same process for a barrel.

The main nuance that you should pay attention to is preparing the used container for use.

The cylinder must be at least 50 liters in volume for the grill to turn out well. The next step is to clean the container from any remaining gas.

To do this you need to do three steps.

release the remaining gas through the valve and turn the cylinder upside down;
moisten the valve with soapy water; if bubbles or a corresponding odor appear, the gas has not yet completely come out, you need to wait;
Rinse the empty container.

In order to carry out the third step as safely as possible, it is recommended to carry out this procedure with an assistant.

First of all, while one is sawing off the faucet with a grinder, the other periodically pours water over the cut area so that sparks do not get inside and react with the remnants of the gaseous substance on the walls of the cylinder.

A hose is inserted into the resulting hole, from which water is supplied under good pressure. While the liquid flows inside, the container is periodically shaken to thoroughly wash all the walls. Fill the container full and leave for several days. After the allotted time, the water is drained, but remember that this is already poison. To remove the acrid smell of gas from the cylinder, it is burned inside before starting to make a barbecue from it. Further manipulations look and are performed in the same way as in the case of a metal barrel.

Original designs barbecues are made from old cars. Using the hood and front part of the old one vehicle, you can get an excellent heat-resistant and unusual grill with a lid.

The simplest is considered to be a barbecue made from improvised means.

The fastest and most durable in this category is a fryer made from the drum of an automatic washing machine. The average time required for processing is 10-15 minutes. The main condition is to find the drum. You can use it completely, or you can cut off the unnecessary part if you think it is too tall. As for the support, the convenience of this option is that it can be placed directly on the ground, bricks or stones. Or you can make legs specially for it from rebar rods. Both options are worth considering. Choose it individually for yourself.

It is impossible to get by with just assembling the component parts of a metal barbecue. Exists whole line features in the operation of this device that need to be adopted and implemented to improve its functional qualities and performance characteristics.

After all the manufacturing work is completed, it is necessary to clean the finished grill from dirt and rust. To remove the latter, use a grinding machine or drill with a special attachment.

The inner walls of the grill do not need to be cleaned of carbon deposits during operation. It is believed that this is what gives kebabs a special aroma and “health”.

It happens in two stages:

surface degreasing;
keeping the barbecue elements in a solution of caustic soda for about one and a half hours.

This treatment will not only provide a special heat-protective film, but will also protect against metal corrosion for the entire duration of the device’s operation.

If in general design are used wooden parts, special attention should be paid to their treatment with various antiseptic, moisture-resistant and heat-repellent agents.

The place where you plan to place the barbecue must be cleared in advance of dry grass, branches or other flammable objects, and be sure to place a container with sand nearby, which will be used to extinguish the fire in the event of a fire.

To prevent the acrid smoke from the fire from interfering with cooking and enjoying nature, you can independently build a hood for a metal barbecue. It is made from the same material as the outdoor cooking device. It differs from standard barbecue structures installed indoors in that it looks like a cut-down pipe. The area of the hood dome is usually equal to the area of the grill itself. This allows you to minimize the emission of smoke outside the cooking area. The hood dome is welded to the grill body. It is also important to take into account the mass of the structure so that everything stands stable together.

Beautiful examples

An original stationary metal grill made with forged elements. In this case, the forged parts are a table-stand for a brazier. There is a space under the table for storing firewood or coals, so you don’t have to run far for them. Such a barbecue will not be light, but quite mobile. That is, moving it to a convenient place or storing it in a shed for the winter will not be difficult. Forged products o

A metal grill with a roof allows you to cook over a fire even in bad weather. If you don’t have a canopy or gazebo in your yard, but want meat or vegetables fried over a fire, this option is an excellent solution. In addition, the design is equipped with a stand for installing a cauldron and also convenient place for fuel placement.

Unusual models are also found among stationary barbecues. Two large wheels are very successfully attached to the legs of this design. Imitating a garden wheelbarrow, the device easily moves around your site and stands firmly and steadily where you need it.

This configuration of metal barbecues in the shape of a boot is quite common. It combines a kebab maker, a barbecue maker and even the ability to cook meat on a spit. A convenient grid table allows you to optimally place all the necessary tools and ingredients at hand.

A folding metal grill when packed resembles a suitcase. This allows you to take it with you wherever and whenever you want. If necessary, you can put skewers and other necessary items inside. The only disadvantage of this design is the height. It is as compact as possible, and therefore you will only have to cook on it while sitting.

Another example of a suitcase barbecue, which is already equipped with legs. These additional spare parts are conveniently folded inside the box, which is closed with a special clasp so that nothing falls apart. The photo also shows other models of folding barbecues, which are also compact in size and easy to use.

A spacious stationary grill made of sheet metal with the addition of forged patterns. It is also equipped with a device for cooking in a cauldron, has a convenient mini side table and space for firewood or dishes under the box itself.

An original way to install a hood over a barbecue. Suitable for those who do not want to fix the kebab maker in one place and install a bulky exhaust structure in the gazebo or on the veranda. All the nuances have already been taken into account here. Some manufacturers even offer benches and chairs in the same style.

A fabulous barbecue in the form of a carriage with a roof will not leave even the most skeptical buyer indifferent. However, the price of such a forged model may not be the most pleasant value. One of the features of this design is the presence of a lid on the kebab grill.

The original hearth comes from the front of the car. This allows you not only to surprise your guests and get convenient device for cooking over fire. Thanks to this non-standard approach, you also get rid of an unnecessary vehicle that was just taking up space.

Chic wrought iron grill in the form of a house on wheels, equipped with a roof and a chimney, will become a true decoration of your site. The design is bulky, but it allows you to cook for a large group at once, both on skewers and on a barbecue grid.

You can find a lot of beautiful and practical examples of metal barbecues. It is important to remember all the important safety features when using them so that the external aesthetics do not turn into trouble. Making metal barbecues for your own use with your own strength and hands is a responsible and creative process that requires concentration, caution and an individual approach.

To learn how to make a metal grill with your own hands, watch the video below.

Different craftsmen, describing the production technology of barbecues, indicate different parameters for the thickness of the product. Indeed, products may have different parameters, which depend primarily on the intended operating conditions of the fryer. If the product is used periodically, its thickness will be small, with frequent use For a grill, you should opt for a model with thick walls.

Key parameters

The basic requirements for a barbecue box are strength, durability, and long-term retention of the required temperature. If the thickness of the product is chosen correctly, the product becomes durable and does not warp when heating and cooling (this is due to the fact that greater thickness increases the working cross-sectional area). In other words, the stresses that occur during heating and cooling will be less likely to distort the fryer if the structure is more rigid and durable.

Information worth knowing

There is an important rule: no matter how durable and high-quality the grill is, it is unacceptable to subject it to sudden cooling or, conversely, heating (accordingly, it is unacceptable to water a hot grill cold water or cover it with snow, as this shortens its service life).

If the product has a thickness of 1 mm or less, it is probably not of high quality and is not worth purchasing. Most often, barbecue boxes with a thickness of 2-4 mm are found on sale, much less often - 6 mm or more. For use at home, a product with standard thickness bottoms and sides, and for restaurants the best solution The product will become thicker and will last longer under intensive use conditions (about a hundred times). As a rule, at dachas and personal plots The grill is used several times a year, for 2-3 hours a day, but in a restaurant it works daily for 5-6 hours or more.

Products with walls 2 - 3 mm thick

The grill in which the coals will be burned will not burn out, even if its walls are 2 mm thick. Moreover, in such a design it is possible to burn wood harvested from a summer cottage (with the exception of birch or larch) without the risk of deforming the object. Manufacturers often cover the perimeter of such braziers with a rod, which gives rigidity to the product, but even without such a rod the brazier will be suitable for use.

If the wall thickness of the barbecue is 3 mm, its characteristics will be the same. Accordingly, it can be used for cooking over coals, and if there is a rod around the perimeter, for firewood. The only exception is that you can burn birch firewood in this design, but this possibility is also determined by the design of the brazier (compact metal products often have a more rigid structure, but long ones can warp at too high a temperature, since they have significantly less rigidity).

Barbecues with side thickness 4-6 mm

Products with similar materials are considered the most durable and durable, their owners can use any firewood and not worry that the barbecue will become unusable. Even birch logs, which have the highest combustion temperature, will not cause any damage. However, it is worth taking into account that structures with wide walls are quite heavy and difficult to move from place to place.

Production subtleties

Manufacturers often offer braziers made from a single type of iron with the same thickness of all elements (more budget-friendly), but on sale you can find metal products with walls 4 mm thick and a bottom 2 mm thick. The second option is undoubtedly the highest quality and most durable. In a mixed structure, the bottom, on which there is no load, has minimum thickness, and the sides, which act as a load-bearing element, are made of thick steel. Naturally, sooner or later each bottom will become unusable (burn out), but mixed structures can serve their owners well for at least ten years.

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PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE DESIGN

The metal grill is designed for preparing meat dishes outdoors. The design of the barbecue is in the form of a welded metal box for lighting a fire inside it.

Metal thickness 4 mm. Grill size 1000 x 200; leg height 600 mm

The walls are welded together and to the bottom using a fillet weld. corner connection.

PREPARATION OF PARTS FOR WELDING

Clean the metal from dirt and rust. The quality of cleaning is determined by external inspection. The editing is checked with a ruler placed on the edge. I draw contour lines. I do it manually, using a scriber, ruler and square. The markings are checked by repeated measurements. I cut out the blanks according to the applied markings. Sheet parts with straight edges made of metal 40 mm thick are cut using guillotine shears. After cutting, check for the presence of burrs and deformations by external inspection. Bending - obtaining the desired shape of a product by bending. For this design, you need to use an edge bending machine to bend the legs. Cutting edges for this design is not necessary, since the sheet thickness is 40 mm

WELDING MODE

To weld the barbecue, I used a VD-306C rectifier, which is designed for manual arc welding on direct current.

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS VD-306S

Rated welding current - 315A.

Rated operating voltage - 33

Open circuit voltage -75V

Current regulation range, A - 80…400

Primary power -21Kv A.

Overall dimensions - 785x780x795 mm.

Weight - 164 kg.

Brand of electrode for welding containers for UONII parts

Strength welding current for welding the container was selected according to the formula:

Ist = K*de=2*40.

ASSEMBLY AND WELDING OF THE BBQ

Assembly is performed on the table. Place the first wall No. 1 on the table, then install the first wall No. 2 vertically and make a tack in the center between the 1st walls. After this, place two more potholders along the edges. Assemble the second walls No. 1 and No. 2 with tacks in the same way. Then assemble both parts together. Each of the remaining corners has one tack in the center and two at the edges. After this, attach the bottom to the walls assembled together. Each side of the bottom - one tack in the center and two at the edges. Lastly, grab the four corners of the leg, each with two potholders. Gaps of 1 mm can be maintained by placing sheets of appropriate thickness in the walls.

The walls are welded to each other and to the bottom using a fillet weld. The tack areas are cleaned with a brush. If the potholders are defective, I cut them out and make new ones. I perform welding using direct current. reverse polarity with a short arc, it is advisable to cook with widened seams. The seams are welded in the lower position. The angle of inclination of the electrode is 15°-20°. oscillatory movements of the electrode are zigzag. The seams are made in one layer, since the sheet thickness is 4 mm. The seams are welded in the following order (see Appendix 1, Fig. 2). After this, all parts of the grill are welded together. Stepping back 5 - 10 cm from the bottom, holes of 10 mm in diameter are cut in the sides using a cutter, oxygen and propane. To obtain holes of a given diameter, hold the cutter without oscillating movements, thereby bending the metal and making a hole of the required diameter. The distance between the holes should be approximately 7 cm. This operation is performed in order to improve the access of oxygen to burning fuel (wood, charcoal). After this, all parts of the grill are welded together. Metal legs should be welded to the base of the metal structure. The height of the barbecue should be such as not to create inconvenience for the person who will prepare the barbecue, and the width of the product should correspond to the skewers used

detail welding brazier wire

QUALITY CONTROL OF WELDED JOINTS

After completion of all technological operations, the welded product is presented for technical control. Control is carried out in stages. An external inspection checks the absence of undercuts, sagging, lack of fusion, large pores and in accordance with technical requirements drawing, defects can be eliminated by cutting and welding. If there are no external welding defects, the dimensions of the product are checked in accordance with the requirements of the drawing, and then the quality of the welds is monitored. The outer surfaces of the welds are covered with chalk coating, and the inner surfaces are moistened with kerosene. Kerosene penetrates into existing pores and cracks and colors the chalk coating in yellow. Such a breakdown can reveal through cracks and pores.

The assembly of the product is checked by repeated measurements with a ruler, and the accuracy of the angles is checked with a square. The tack areas are cleaned with a brush. If the tacks are defective, they are cut out and new ones are made.

SAFETY WHEN PERFORMING WELDING WORK

When working with gas cylinders The following safety precautions must be observed:

o the cylinders should not be allowed to fall or hit each other;

o cylinders must be carried on stretchers or transported on trolleys;

o in the summer, cylinders must be protected from heating by the sun's rays with a tarpaulin or other means;

o open the cylinder valve smoothly, without jerking, use a special key;

o if cylinder valves and reducers freeze (which happens during intensive gas extraction), they can only be heated with hot water (open fire cannot be used);

o to reduce the pressure to working pressure, you should use serviceable gas reducers designed for a given gas and painted in a color corresponding to this gas.

When gas welding, the following basic safety rules must be observed:

o It is prohibited to hold the gas welding sleeves under your armpits, on your shoulders or pinching them with your legs while working;

o It is not allowed to move a worker with a lit burner outside the workplace, as well as climb ladders or scaffolding;

o During breaks in work, the burner flame must be extinguished and the valves on it must be tightly closed;

o During long breaks in work, the valves on oxygen and acetylene bolts or on gas dispensing stations must be closed, and the pressure screws of the gearboxes must be turned out until the spring is released;

o If the burner overheats, work should be stopped, the burner should be extinguished and cooled with water to ambient temperature;

To avoid popping and backlash, it is prohibited to work with dirty outlet channels of the mouthpieces.

FIRE SAFETY

The causes of fire during welding can be sparks and drops of molten metal and slag, careless handling of the torch flame in the presence of flammable materials near the welder’s workplace.

The risk of fire should be especially taken into account at construction and installation sites and during repair work in rooms not suitable for welding. To prevent fires, the following fire safety measures must be observed:

o it is not allowed to store flammable and flammable materials near the welding site, and also to carry out welding work in rooms contaminated with oily rags, paper, wood waste, etc.;

o it is prohibited to use clothing and gloves with traces of oils, fats, gasoline, kerosene and other flammable liquids;

o It is not allowed to weld or cut freshly painted oil paints structures until they are completely dry;

o it is prohibited to weld devices that are under electrical voltage, and pressure vessels;

o it is not allowed to weld and cut liquid fuel containers without special training;

o when performing temporary welding work in premises, wooden floors, decking and platforms must be protected by sheets of asbestos or iron;

o it is necessary to constantly monitor the availability and serviceable condition of fire-fighting equipment - fire extinguishers, sand boxes, shovels, buckets, fire hoses, etc., and also maintain the fire alarm in good working order;

o after completing welding work, you must turn off the welding machine and also make sure that there are no burning or smoldering objects. Fire extinguishing agents include water, foam, gases, steam, powder compositions, etc.

Special water pipelines are used to supply water to fire extinguishing installations. Foam is concentrated emulsion carbon dioxide in aqueous solution mineral salts containing a foaming agent. When extinguishing a fire with gases and steam, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, flue gases, etc. are used. When extinguishing kerosene, gasoline, oil, and burning electrical wires, it is prohibited to use water and foam fire extinguishers. In these cases, sand, carbon dioxide or dry fire extinguishers should be used.

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

To avoid defeat electric shock When welding, the following safety rules must be observed. Housings welding machines, devices and switches must be reliably grounded. Insulate the welding cable, electrode holder and switch handle. Do not work in rainy weather in open places, or in damp clothing and shoes.

Literature

1. D.L. Glizmanenko ( Gas welding and metal cutting). Textbook for individual and team training of workers in production. Ed. 5th, revised and additional M: “Higher. School" 1969

2. Chernyshov G.G. Welding: Welding and cutting of metals. Textbook for beginners prof. education. - M.; IRPO; Prof. arr. published 2002

3. Yukhin N.A. Gas welder: textbook. Guide for beginners prof. education / N.A. Yukhin; edited by O.I. Steklova. - 3rd ed., St.-M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2009.

4. Maslov V.I. Welding work: Textbook. for the beginning prof. education.- M.: IRPO; Ed. Center "Academy" 1998

5. Vinogradov V.S. Electric arc welding: textbook for prof. education / V.S. Vinogradov - 3rd ed., St.-M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2009.

6. Ovchinnikov V.V. Gas cutter: textbook. allowance / V.V. Ovchinnikov. - M.: Publishing center "Academy", 207.

7. Handbook of electric and gas welders and gas cutters / Textbook for beginners. prof. education / G.G. Chernyshov, G.V. Polevoy, A.P. Vybornov et al.; edited by G.G. Chernyshova. - 3rd ed., erased. M.: Publishing center "Academy", 2007.

8. Ovchinnikov V.V. Occupational safety during welding work: textbook. allowance / V.V. Ovchinnikova - 2nd ed., erased. - M.: Publishing center "Academy". 2009

9. Pokrovsy B.S. Labor protection in metalworking. Textbook allowance / B.S. Pokrovsky. - M.: Publishing center "Academy", 2009.

APPLICATION

WELDED JOINT AND SEAMING PROCEDURE

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Types of welded barbecues

A special design for frying kebabs is usually made in the form of a standard rectangular metal body with dimensions depending on the tastes and requests of its owner.

Hot coals are placed in the lower inner part of the grill. They provide the heat necessary for high-quality roasting of meat. Holes are made from the sides to supply air.

However, according to a number of signs related to constructive and decorative features, homemade metal barbecues can differ significantly from both industrial and well-known household samples.

Welding helps create barbecues with retractable tables, shelves, a blower system, and grates.

It is customary to distinguish the following types of welded barbecues, most often used for cooking meat in the open air:

stationary barbecues, made in the form massive construction, which is placed on a permanent foundation (“Grill with a roof”);
mobile or portable devices made of thin metal, easily transported in the trunk of a car;
mobile barbecues that can easily be moved to any place convenient for a picnic.

Collapsible barbecues, convenient for both carrying and transportation, can be considered as a type of mobile product.

Stationary

Stationary metal barbecues, due to their solidity and the presence of a number of decorative details, can become a decoration for any country house.

Among other things, they are distinguished by a wide variety of shapes and enviable durability, since they are made of metal sheet blanks significant thickness (more than 2 mm).

Portable bolted

Portable barbecues attract users not only with their compactness, but also with their high mobility. They can be made without welding.

To do this, a blank is cut out of a thin sheet according to a template and bent into the shape of a box. All parts are fastened with bolts.

However, for the manufacture of such devices, fairly thin metal blanks are used, which has a significant impact on stability finished product to deformations, as well as on indicators of its durability.

Without using welding, you can make a folding barbecue by attaching the walls with hinges and providing hooks for fixation.

The option of assembling portable devices, as a rule, is chosen in case of reluctance or impossibility to use welding. Such models are easy to move from place to place, and some of them are equipped with small wheels that make moving easier.

The simplest option

After choosing a barbecue model that suits the owner, first of all, drawings are prepared, in accordance with which the assembly will be carried out.

As one example, consider a sketch of a simple welded structure consisting of a minimum number of parts. This grill contains steel body, made in the form of a regular box, and four legs (stands) welded to it.

Heat-producing coals are prepared at the bottom of the metal box, and the skewers are laid with support on the longitudinal walls.

Manufactured according to the simplest scheme designs are different small in size and are convenient for carrying to any place not equipped for cooking.

To weld a more substantial device, the performer needs to stock up on a set of corners with a length corresponding to the dimensions of the future barbecue. In addition, you will need to prepare four metal racks And special fasteners, used when installing a prefabricated structure.

Please note that when welding a barbecue with your own hands, a metal sheet of a certain size with a thickness of about 2 millimeters is used as the starting material.

If you want to extend the service life of a welded structure, you should choose workpieces of greater thickness.

Stationary design

To assemble a capital structure, which looks more like a smokehouse, in addition to welding, you will need a grinder and a drill with a set of metal drills. After preparing the tools and blanks, the barbecue is assembled according to the previously developed drawing.

From the stored corners, you first need to weld the body of the fryer, at the corners of which four support posts. Then, directly below it, a shelf for firewood and auxiliary tools is welded.

For the convenience of containing products from one of the ends using welding machine Another shelf is welded to the body.

The width of the working box of the barbecue or smokehouse is selected taking into account the length of the skewers, which are usually used in the house for preparing kebabs. This size should be 8-10 centimeters less than the length of the skewers or the length of the grate (if cooked on it).

The length of the box is determined by the number of kebabs being made at the same time, depending on the appetite and preferences of the owner of the future barbecue.

The length of the legs is chosen based on the convenience of working on the fryer (standing at an angle for a long time), as well as taking into account their possible subsidence into the ground.

Sometimes this is done specifically for the purpose of better fixing the entire body with the roasting pan, in which small recesses are made along each of the longitudinal walls to accommodate skewers.

Unlike a barbecue, which has a broiler round shape, and the meat is placed directly on the grill - the quality of its cooking in the grill depends on the correct choice of the height of the sides of the brazier.

In a typical barbecue, the depth should be within 13-15 centimeters. If the box is shallow, the meat will burn due to the proximity of the heat, and if the box is too deep, it will take a long time to cook.

Sometimes another additional plate with longitudinal perforation is placed at the bottom of the roasting pan, used as a grate. It is believed that this technique protects the metal bottom of the structure from burning out.

Options for capital structures

In the example discussed above, on one side of the brazier, you can weld an extension in the form of a metal box with large slots. It plays the role of a decorative element and at the same time improves air circulation.

Sometimes, partly for decorative purposes, and partly for protection from blinding sun rays or rain, a roof in the form of a canopy is welded over the entire structure.

To manufacture it, it will be necessary to additionally weld four racks, on which the hinged structure is subsequently fixed.

Using welding, you can make a compartment for storing firewood and coals, weld racks instead of ordinary legs and decorate them with forging elements. There are many options for making a beautiful grill. In addition to standard braziers, a number of original solutions are also possible in practice.

From an old gas cylinder

Original barbecue designs for a summer residence can be welded from items that have already served their purpose, such as an old unnecessary barrel. It is not recommended to use barrels in which fuel was stored for welding.

In addition, convenient barbecues can be made from a gas cylinder that has long fallen into disrepair or has expired its intended life. You will need a grinder for sawing the original workpiece, as well as a drill and a set of metal corners.

When preparing all this tool, it is naturally assumed that an apparatus for welding metal workpieces is already available.

Before cutting a used old cylinder, they first mark it so that only top part. When working with a grinder, you must ensure that the ends of the original workpiece remain in place.

A lid is subsequently made from the cut off upper part of the balloon product to cover the grill while preparing the coals.

Upon completion of the preparatory operations, it will be possible to begin the main work, which is recommended to begin with the manufacture of legs. They are most conveniently made from standard steel angles, which are subsequently welded to the ends of the original workpiece.

On final stage skewers are made from previously prepared corners into stands for skewers, which are subsequently welded to the inner walls of the barbecue. Comfortable handles will need to be welded to the blank, which is supposed to be used as a grill lid from a gas cylinder.

The legs of such a homemade barbecue can be constructed from metal rods of suitable diameter.

In the absence of welding, butt fastenings of individual workpieces can be designed in the form threaded connections using appropriately sized bolts. This technique allows you to obtain a structure no less durable than welding.

And in the case when materials were used High Quality– the resulting structure will serve the owner for many years.

It is difficult to imagine outdoor culinary processes without barbecues. These devices allow you to create incredibly delicious dishes at your dacha. There are many models of barbecues on the market. However, owners often build such devices themselves. How to cook a grill? Often it just turns out different designs. Their formats are determined by the owner’s goals, financial capabilities, site parameters and the working skills of the creators.

Design selection criteria

Very often, when choosing a material for a barbecue, preference is given to metal. It is characterized by durability, resistance to serious temperature conditions and other factors. Some components of the structure are fastened in different ways. But the welding method is the most reliable and optimal in this matter.

Today, properly cooking a barbecue is a basic task. Many owners do not want to create any ordinary designs. And therefore they are equipped with additional elements. These include:

A firebox in which you can heat food.
Special compartments for drying firewood.
Shelves for various culinary additives and spices.

If you set out to cook a barbecue with your own hands, then before creative process study photographs and diagrams different modifications. They are easy to find on the Internet. So you will choose a specific model for yourself. It is also useful to watch video instructions. In them, the craftsmen describe in detail and practically the welding of the structure. This helps to be aware of the potential difficulties of the upcoming case in advance.

In practice, creating a metal barbecue is not so difficult.

Just decide the following questions in advance:

Will the structure be disassembled or will it be monolithic?
Dimensions. How many people is the device intended for? This aspect affects its parameters and the number of skewers that can be used in it at one time.
What service life will the product have? These criteria are determined by the choice of a particular metal.
What appearance will the structure have? To do this, you should study many photographs and options with different designs. You can choose the one that suits you in style and color. It’s best if you find video material on the construction of this particular model.

Dimensions calculation

The parameters of the planned barbecue are the key criteria. They determine the ease of use of the unit according to intended purpose.

If it is used by a family with standard quantity people (3-4), then a 60 x 35 cm model will do.

For a team with a large number of people, it is necessary to use a larger structure.

Photographs of standard and non-standard versions are easily found online. You may come across photographs in which the traditional version is supplemented with many components and devices. They expand its functional range and decorate its appearance. It is not difficult to create any metal modification. And the welding process can be carried out with your own efforts.

For example, you can act according to this drawing:

There are plenty of similar and other drawings on the Internet. You can easily build your work on their basis. It is important to solve the dilemma with the number of skewers simultaneously on the welded grill.

An equally important aspect is the depth of the device. Its approximate value is 15 cm. In this situation, there will be the necessary clearance between the product and the coals for cooking. The height of the grill should be as comfortable as possible for the cook.

Selection of materials

Self-created metal structure possible using different materials. The main thing here is not to make a mistake with the metal. The chosen option should guarantee the maximum operational period of the future structure. Basically, one rule works here: the thinner the metal thickness, the shorter the operating life of the unit. For this reason, a material with good density should be used. Under no circumstances use sheets whose maximum density is 1 mm. They will make a rather weak structure.

Another example of a drawing:

To obtain high quality material with a long working period, the following materials and tools are required:

Metal sheets. Their parameters and thickness are optimal.
Metal corners. These form the legs for the apparatus.
Welding equipment for connecting metal components.
Electric drills.
Bulgarians. She must have disks cutting metals.
Set of electrodes.
Measuring tools: tape measure, level, regular ruler.

Additionally, drawings are prepared. You can borrow them from the Internet, or you can make them yourself.

The technological process of creating a barbecue using welding

Here it is important to decide what kind of structure you are planning - stationary or portable. The first one can be installed in a certain place and on for a long time. The second one can be transported without problems.

Typically, the use of welding equipment is necessary when producing a stationary version. Before the work process itself, be sure to watch the video tutorials and decide how you will decorate the future device.

The work algorithm here is as follows:

Stage 1. Initially create cuttings. On metal sheets lines need to be marked. The guideline in this process is a previously made or copied drawing.

Stage 2. All the main components of the intended design need to be cut out of the working material. The work proceeds in accordance with the existing markings on the sheets. A bottom should form. This is the largest component. It is formed by four lateral parts. Two of them are short, and the other two are long.

Stage 3. Be sure to make holes in the long side components. They can simply be drilled in one line. They guarantee the penetration of oxygen into the firebox to the coals. And then the heat required for normal working process will be maintained in your device. The distance between the holes should be approximately 5.5 cm. Make sure that there is at least 2.5 cm left to the edge.

Stage 4. All side components (both long and short) are connected to each other by welding. A rectangular structure without a bottom and a lid should form. Incisions are made on the upper extreme sides of the long walls. For this work, you should use a grinder. This tool must have special nozzle for cutting and processing metal products. It is recommended to make cuts on two side parts at the same time. They should fit perfectly together. The cuts will be aligned. If you do everything correctly, you will be able to place skewers here without any difficulties in the future.

Stage 5. All side components, already welded, need to be welded to the bottom of the planned structure. Good welding skills and the ability to work with welding equipment. The task is this: all welding joints must be of the highest quality possible. This will give you a box. If you have material with a thickness of 2-3 mm, it is better to work with inverter welding equipment. To create a box, four seams on each side are enough. If the density of the material is 1.5 - 2 mm, the bottom and walls are curved in a certain way. This must be prevented. Therefore, these components are reinforced using a profile pipe or angle.

Stage 6. The legs are welded to this box. It is not difficult to prepare them for work. Will help with this task metal corners. The legs can be mounted along the corners of the created structure, or at the end of the bottom.

The lower ends become slightly sharper. This guarantees the barbecue reliable stability.

The outcome of the completed working stages is the creation of a high-quality and durable unit

If you have a lot of metal accumulated, but it is presented in small pieces, then you need to cut the correct blanks. Then weld them. In this situation, you need to weld more carefully and efficiently. And the length of the seams turns out to be longer.

An example of a homemade barbecue:

Frame from corners

This version of the frame is considered more durable. There is no bending of the metal here. The work algorithm is as follows:

1. Take corners. The frame is cooked from them. Example:

You can weld from profile pipes:

2. The bottom is attached to this frame.

3. The walls are welded.

Advanced version

A metal grill created independently can always be improved and supplemented with useful components. One of these is a canopy. Example:

In this design, both a table top and a frame for placing skewers will not hurt. The top of the roasting pan can be strengthened profile pipe. You need to cook it so that there is room for possible additions.

It is not necessary to cook a barbecue of this format. There are other design variations.

Other design variations

Barrel based

For creating required design will do metal barrel. When using it, the work is done quite dynamically and simply. Since barrels usually have impressive parameters, barbecues from them are created large and massive. They provide for preparing meals for a large team.

If you use a barrel like this, be sure to make a lid for the intended apparatus. During its operation, it must be closed with a lid. This ensures uniform and perfect roasting of the cooked food.

Balloon based

There are two ways to work here. One by one, more are created complex design. The second one is simpler.

In any case, you must first secure the cylinder. His tap is unscrewed. A hose with water is supplied. Water follows under gentle pressure. The cylinder is filled completely. After which metal cutting is allowed.

Usually a 50-liter container is used, the outer diameter is 96 cm. This is the optimal data for creating six large servings of kebab.

Markings are made along the longitudinal seam. All distances are calculated using it.

A distance of 24 cm is calculated from the seam on both sides. Lines are drawn. The balloon is in a horizontal position. On one line, markings are created for skewers. The indentation from the circular seams on the right and left sides is 3 cm. Then marks are placed constantly every 8 cm. Total – 6 marks. Holes are drilled in them. The approximate diameter of each is 1 cm.

You need to move 10 cm upward from the marking line. Here is the end of the device cover. Then she marks herself. This is the distance between the starting line and the last one. Between them, at a distance of 3 cm from the circular seams, lines are indicated.

Then the hinges are immediately welded. An assistant is needed here.

The door is cut off with a grinder. Water pours out of the bottle.

The lid should not fall back. Therefore, two corners 3-4 cm wide are welded between the hinges along the cut line. They should be on the right and left sides of the lid.

The degree of bending of the corners determines the opening distance of the lid.

The bottom rim is removed. A wooden handle is mounted to the lid.

To prevent the lid from falling inward, you need to weld a metal strip to the cutout. Its density: 1-3 mm, width – 3 cm.

Holes for skewers are made according to the markings. A drill is used. The same holes are also placed on the opposite side in the same positions.

The cylinder turns upside down. There is a 10 cm indent from the seam on both sides. From such lines there should be another 10-12 cm indent, lines are drawn. The seam created two stripes in the middle. Their width is 10 cm. Slots for air are made in them at a distance of 5 cm. Instead of slits, you can drill many holes.

The tap is removed. The hole is welded.

Legs are installed.

A simpler version is created like this: the cylinder is sawn lengthwise into two equal parts. Many air holes are drilled along the edges. Legs are attached.

Creating portable versions

They are great for saving in nature. You can buy them or make them yourself.

Their types: prefabricated and folding. The format of the second is a suitcase. Example:

Here the fastenings are door hinges. The legs are thin.

Another version:

Here the legs are folded at the bottom. Other components are stacked one by one. The side parts are connected by cuts.

Collapsible versions are formed by components that do not have fastenings. Assembly takes place on site. It can be bolted. Maybe with grooves and cuts. Such products are made without welding. The work is done with a grinder (it has a diamond blade) or a metal saw.

Creation:

A cardboard mock-up is made in advance. It fits perfectly to the dimensions of the product.
The patterns are transferred to metal.

More versions:

Here are the legs from the corners. The legs have slightly bent cuts. There are holes in the sides for them. During assembly, the side parts are threaded onto the cuts.

The bottom has no fixation. The underside of the sidewalls is bent inward by 4 mm. The sides are attached to the legs. A side is formed around the perimeter. The bottom is laid on it.

Painting issues and results

For a metal device, it is better to use heat- and heat-resistant paints.

CERTA (Certa). Maintains load up to +900°C,
Rust-oleum. Potential – up to +1093°С, Color options: matte, white, gray, black.
"KO-8101". Potential - +650°C, 12 are provided color options default.
KO-8111 Thermika has anti-corrosion characteristics. Strengthens the effects of +600°C.

How much does such a product cost? consumables and welding work? Of course cheaper than ready-made barbecues in a private workshop or from the manufacturer.

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