Do-it-yourself country house: diagrams and instructions on how to build a country house. What is better to build a house from? What is cheaper to build a house from?
Without the financial resources to attract professional builders, you can, armed with special literature and patience, build a house yourself. In practice, this requires effort, but can save up to half the construction cost.
Many self-builders invite others to view their projects and provide detailed reports, accompanying the process of building a house with detailed photographs.
Features of the house layout
Through the efforts of two men it was built cheap house for permanent residence with attached garage. Initially, the project did not include a garage and was added after the house was completed.
In general, the project changed as the discussion progressed on the advice of other builders and the requests of the wife. The original layout of the house included 6 rooms on two floors.
During construction, it was decided to equip two bathrooms, while on the ground floor the toilet and bathtub should be separate. The area of the living room and the location of the stairs have also changed. Compared to the initial project, the living room was too narrow and elongated. The stairs were also planned to be awkward and steep. After the changes, these shortcomings were eliminated.
The cost of building a house with your own hands
In May 2010, the father of a small family planned to build a cheap house with his own hands for the amount of 300 thousand rubles. This amount included costs not only for materials, but also for connecting gas and electricity. According to the estimate, the following expenses were incurred:
- Concrete - 20,700.
- Edged and unedged timber - 70,000.
- Foam plastic - 31,200.
- Plywood - 8023.
- Metal profile - 16,200.
- Siding - 22,052.
- Used windows - 4000.
- Nails, screws, etc. - 15,000.
- Delivery of material and excavator services - 5200.
- Septic tank - 10,000.
- Plumbing, radiators - 35,660.
- GKL and finishing costs - 21280.
- Design and installation of a gas pipeline, connection fee - 37,000.
- Gas equipment (stove, boiler) - 29,000.
- Electrical connection with materials - 3000.
- Water supply connection - 2000.
According to the builder himself, the estimate lacks a number of small items. However, this also requires additional costs. It should also be noted that some of the windows were received from friends and did not require financial expenses. In total, 327,315 rubles were spent on the construction of the house without any small details. This amount does not include attached garage. It was added later according to a separate estimate. Additionally, the construction of the garage required an amount of about 34,000 rubles. Taking into account unspecified expenses, the house cost no more than 400 thousand rubles.
Installation of a shallow strip foundation
The foundation is pre-planned with a width of 35 cm and a height above the ground of 25 cm and 20 cm below the ground. A die-cut section of 2.5x100 mm was chosen as a reinforcing element. The reinforcement of the tape was planned in 2 layers, top and bottom, with three connected sheets of die-cutting in each.
On the advice of experienced builders, vertical elements were added, and the number of sheets to be connected was increased to 5 pieces. Additionally, the height of the foundation above the ground increased and amounted to 45 cm.
reinforcement with die-cutting - you can’t do that! 
After the foundation was poured, 20 anchor bolts for installation bottom trim.
Construction of the first floor
Before installing the walls of the first floor, the platform was installed and insulated and pipes for the sewerage system were laid. The bottom of the platform is left open, the insulation is fixed by means of fixed cuttings of boards. 3 layers of foam plastic, 15 cm thick, were used as platform insulation. The subfloor is made of 150x50 mm boards.
The walls were installed in a horizontal position. Foam plastic and 8 mm plywood protection are laid between the racks, and windows are also installed. The windows in the project were used second-hand. Installation assembled wall in a vertical position was performed by two men. It was decided to abandon the installation of jibs in the construction of the walls. The builder assumed that the frame would be sufficiently rigid due to the plywood sheathing.
After assembling the walls of the first floor, the installation of internal partitions was carried out. Polystyrene foam was also used as insulation.
The principle of assembling the second floor
After installing the frame, a temporary floor from unedged boards was partially laid and horizontal assembly of the walls and their vertical installation. Second-floor windows were also used.
To increase sound insulation in the interfloor ceiling, non-woven cloth was laid on the floor joists under the boards. This allows you to partially dampen vibration from steps.
Installation of rafters and roofing
Upon completion of the assembly of the walls of the attic floor, the rafter system was installed. The rafter overhangs were not extended. An inch board was used as lathing. The roof was covered with corrugated sheets 4 m long.
Exterior decoration of the building
Siding was used for the exterior of the building. It was mounted with ventilation gap 25 mm. Also at the stage of exterior finishing, a vestibule was added. The foundation for the vestibule was not installed; the structure was installed on pieces of concrete laid on the ground and sidewalk curbs.
Features of the staircase and its installation
The location of the staircase in the project caused a lot of controversy. Initially, its location suggested excessive emphasis on the attic ceiling. After changing the location and design of the staircase, it was made without a platform with slight turns.
The staircase is made of boards 50x150 mm, the width of the steps is 30 cm. The staircase was installed after the rough finishing of the first floor. Under the upper span there is space left for installing a toilet there. According to personal feelings, the staircase turned out to be comfortable and compact.
Interior decoration of the house
Before the finishing of the premises began, insulation of the interfloor ceiling and flooring of the second floor were completed. To increase the level of sound insulation, felt is nailed between the joists and floor boards. After this the rough finishing was done interior spaces both floors of a cheap house.
The rough finishing included three points:
- Installation of fiberboard as a wind barrier.
- GVL installation.
- Puttying joints and chips of GVL.
In finishing, painting with water-based emulsion was mainly used. The living room, kitchen and bedrooms are painted in different colors. The floors in the rooms are covered with linoleum, the ceilings are decorated with expanded polystyrene tiles.
Let's try to roughly compare how much the same building will cost us if it is built from different materials, as well as evaluate the pros and cons of each option.
Let's count
Let's imagine, for example, that we are going to build a standard one-story country house without a basement, with a residential attic, measuring 8 by 10 meters along the outer walls. The construction will be carried out by a construction company, and our site is accessible to transport and located near a large populated area. The price includes: monolithic (slab) reinforced concrete foundation with internal partitions, wooden interfloor ceilings, metal-plastic windows, doors, metal roofing with gutters, engineering systems, external finishing of the facade with siding (if necessary) and complete interior finishing of economy class. The price does not include: preparatory earthworks, installation of drainage and water disposal, equipping the house with a water supply and heating system, soil insulation, construction of a bathhouse (sauna), terraces and verandas, installation of local treatment facilities, purchase of furniture. This increases the real costs of building a house by 300,000-1,500,000 rubles. Some types of homes have other additional costs (see infographic).
Click to enlarge. Infographics: Ekaterina Kuznetsova
What to save on
Remember that it is better to quickly build a small house, but high quality made from durable materials, with full finishing And necessary equipment rather than live for years waiting for the construction of a “palace” to be completed. Rational: build a house of modest size and number of storeys, without architectural frills, excessive technical equipment and unnecessary country life elements (garages, basements, etc.). In addition, some of the work can be done in stages. It is unreasonable: to save on the project, carry out construction on your own or with the involvement of unqualified builders. Errors can entail significant costs to correct them or even lead to the inability to operate the home.
Clarification
“A turnkey house on average costs about 38–40 thousand rubles per square meter. However, there is no limit to perfection. Estimates can vary greatly. Mahogany floors and stucco on the ceilings and walls, statues on the roof, of course, will affect the value of the house,” Leonid Nesterenko, general director of the construction company, reminds us.Increasingly, there are country houses for holidays, comparable in terms of comfort to houses for permanent residence. This is no longer a summer house, but rather a lightweight version of a cottage. Winter cottage along with its advantages capital house involves a more economical approach to design, selection of building materials and engineering equipment, as well as further maintenance costs.
Subtleties of design
Large areas of glazing and an abundance of open space in the architectural appearance of the house are attractive, but terraces, verandas, balconies and loggias cause many problems if the planning is not correct. Specialists construction companies When constructing them, it is recommended to take into account the location of the future winter cottage.
In garden communities or holiday villages, which rapidly empty out in the fall, the issue of property safety is relevant - in contrast to guarded cottage villages. Here, safety may be more important than beauty: panoramic windows, on which it is difficult to install protective blinds or shutters, will have to be sacrificed. In addition, large areas of balconies and terraces do not retain heat in the house, which means they will increase heating costs.
Structure internal space depends on how often you visit your dacha in winter.
There are two options:
- Automatic maintenance of a slight positive temperature for heating season with an emphasis on effective heat conservation;
- Preservation of the house with shutdown of everyone utility networks. In this case, the decisive role is played by the layout and use of materials that allow you to quickly heat the room.
In any case, it is necessary to take care of constructing a vestibule at the entrance to preserve heat. Utility rooms may occupy smaller areas, and some, such as storage rooms, can be completely abandoned.
Foundation
You won’t be able to save money here even if you live seasonally: the type of foundation depends on the condition of the soil on the site and the choice of building material for the enclosing structures. Massive walls require more foundation costs. For light frame and timber buildings, a shallow one is suitable strip foundation or screw piles.
Engineering systems
- The heating system in a country house remains the most important. A simple “country” scheme - a stove or fireplace with support electric convectors- suitable only for small wooden buildings, finished with clapboard, cladding boards, plywood;
- When heating an inexpensive country house, it is convenient to use wall-mounted gas and diesel boilers. They are compact, they can be hung in the kitchen with the exhaust of combustion products through the wall (saving on the cost of the chimney);
- For a house that is not heated in winter, the most suitable simple systems water supply and sewerage systems from which water can be easily removed. An alternative to expensive local ones treatment plants(VOC) in such a house there will be waterless and composting toilets installed in the toilet room itself.
- A septic tank with a biofilter is suitable for those whose plot is located on well-filtering soils with a low level of groundwater. In other conditions, it is better to install VOC.
Wall to wall
Stone houses distinguished by thoroughness. Adherents of building “to last” choose between different types of bricks and concrete blocks. In both cases, save on quantity wall material It’s irrational, so a winter cottage in terms of investments will not differ from a house for permanent residence. But the differences between brickwork and cellular concrete are significant, not only in price (brick is more expensive), but also in properties. Due to their porous structure, lightweight blocks are close to wood, have low thermal conductivity and good breathability. A common disadvantage of stone buildings is that the walls take a long time to warm up if there are occupancies in the house, so the heating system must automatically maintain a constant temperature.
Frame technology construction of a house successfully competes with others in price, and significantly surpasses them in speed of construction. It’s not for nothing that the term “prefabricated” is attached to frame houses: on average civil works it takes 1-2 months. The record holders are highly prefabricated houses: their installation on site takes a matter of days. At the same time, frame houses amaze with their versatility: the same project, depending on the external decoration, can look like a brick or a wooden house. The thickness of the insulation in the walls for a winter cottage is chosen as an intermediate option between summer house and capital structure: 15 cm.
timber gives more options to choose from optimal design and the cost of the house. Walls made of ordinary or profiled timber require subsequent insulation and various methods of external finishing - from lining to brick cladding. You can find your ideal, for example, by varying the thickness of the insulation layer (from 5 to 20 cm) and the timber itself (from 10 to 15 cm). Peculiarity wooden house construction- a long, about a year, break between the construction of the log house and the start of finishing (the house shrinks). Elite laminated veneer lumber stands apart; the beauty of the walls, like log walls, is not hidden behind external finishing. The material does not warp, wall shrinkage is minimal. Finishing begins immediately after installing the box. The cost will be high - due to the labor intensity of production.
Log walls hand-cutting continues to attract connoisseurs traditional methods construction. The strict geometry of rounded log pipes also finds its admirers. Both types of houses are comparable in cost, largely dependent on the thickness of the walls. Considering that such buildings are usually not insulated or sheathed, trying to preserve their natural appearance, the diameter of the logs should be the same as that of the house for year-round residence: not less than 22 cm.
If all the pros and cons are weighed, but the building material has not been chosen, pay attention to the general reconciliation project combined house, where the strength and durability of stone are combined with the warmth and environmental friendliness of wood.
Roof
Type roofing does not depend on the frequency of stay in the house: its choice is based on the personal preferences and financial capabilities of the future owners. But roof structure winter dacha can be simplified: without serious insulation of the roof, if in winter it is planned to heat only the first floor. In this case, thermal insulation of the interfloor ceiling is required.
Choice finishing materials noticeably narrows when it comes to country houses. The most stringent restrictions are imposed on finishing in unheated rooms, because not every material can withstand sudden changes in temperature and humidity.
For walls in wooden houses, unpretentious lining and its varieties that imitate log or timber frames are most often used. In frame and stone buildings, the walls and ceiling are plastered or lined with plasterboard for finishing - painting, textured plaster or, less commonly, wallpapering, which is quite sensitive to changes in humidity.
Most coverings are suitable for flooring, excluding the capricious parquet. Classic wooden boards, not very durable but affordable linoleum, carpet and waterproof laminate adequately withstand not the most comfortable conditions.
Construction country house takes a lot of effort, energy and time, so you need to think everything through and choose the best option. Dachas can be built from various materials, so you just need to make a choice.
The main advantage of all houses built from timber is their environmental friendliness. This material allows air to pass through well and reliably retains heat, so they have a very pleasant microclimate for humans.
Houses made from timber look very stylish, modern and beautiful, but we must not forget that the construction of a summer house should only be carried out by real professionals who will carry out all the work efficiently.
For the construction of dachas from laminated timber, they are most often used conifers trees:
- larch;
- cedar;
- pine;
- fir
Every year, frame houses that have good technical specifications. Inside such houses, the internal climate is the same as in wooden ones. They are very warm in winter, and in the summer they are cozy and cool.
Frame houses are energy efficient, comfortable and environmentally friendly. It is pleasant to live and spend time in them.
When constructing frame houses, much less building materials are used, because the weight of such a structure is much less than that of cottages built from reinforced concrete, brick or logs. Such buildings can be erected in areas where there is very weak ground. In addition, by choosing such material for your dacha, you can make all your fantasies and dreams of a cozy house come true.
Dachas built from rounded logs have the same advantages as houses built from beams. The rounded shape of the logs makes it possible to tightly and reliably connect them together. The locks and necessary grooves in the rounded log are calculated very precisely, so the gaps are very small, and the logs are connected at any angle.
Dachas made from logs have good energy-saving, heat-insulating and environmental characteristics, so many people choose this type of building for themselves.
Today, in any village and town you can most often see brick houses, which are passed on by inheritance. They are very cozy, warm, comfortable. Brick houses have many advantages:
- durability;
- strength;
- low susceptibility to atmospheric influences;
- fire protection.
Dachas made of foam blocks
Foam blocks are a modern, environmentally friendly and reliable material that makes it possible to build the most different sizes. Foam blocks, compared to other materials, have much better thermal insulation and sound insulation characteristics.
Dachas made of foam blocks can be erected very quickly, but you only need to take into account the technological recommendations for their use in order to extend the life of the houses.
To build a monolithic one, one-story house it takes much less time than building a brick dacha. With this simple but quality material you can create a building of any shape and realize all your architectural fantasies. Internal layout The construction of a monolithic frame house is very free, so you can choose an open plan and build houses on any soil.
When it comes to dacha or garden house, and the main priorities are the price and speed of construction, this usually means that you need to choose which is better - a turnkey log house or a frame-panel house.
Why not brick or, say, cinder block? For several reasons.
Firstly, taking into account all the materials, a house made of blocks or bricks will definitely be more expensive.
Secondly, the work on its construction requires more qualifications, and, accordingly, will cost more.
Thirdly, a brick house is definitely inferior to a wooden one in terms of its ability to retain heat. It would seem that if the house is used only in the summer, there will be no problems. But the fact is that the ability to retain heat works at any time of the year, and, so to speak, “in both directions.” That is, in a brick house standard thickness(one brick) it will be hot in summer. And do in garden house walls are thicker - this is no longer economically feasible.
Fourthly, the weight and design of the walls matter. After all, the type of foundation depends on these parameters. Houses made of timber and frame houses can be placed on pile foundation. There is currently no simpler, cheaper or faster option to manufacture. The use of screw piles for houses made of brick, cinder block or foam block is, in principle, possible, but the complexity of the work increases. As always, along with its cost.
Fifthly, when we talk about a garden or country house, we almost always mean a house for seasonal living. That is, in winter it is not heated or heated irregularly. Brick houses do not tolerate this mode of operation well. This does not mean that the house will necessarily fall apart after the first winter (although this has happened), but its strength will deteriorate, and you should forget about the service life declared for the material.
Frame houses, houses and bathhouses made of timber take this completely calmly, provided that their construction was carried out in strict accordance with technology. In particular, when building from lumber with natural moisture, dowels were used, or the building was erected from dried material.
WITH brick houses everything is more or less clear, but the choice between a timber and frame-panel house causes certain difficulties.
Here you should be guided by the following considerations: in terms of speed of construction, “frameworks” certainly win. But in terms of durability, timber is the leader. The lifespan of a frame house is limited, first of all, by the effective service life of the insulation. And for most materials used today it does not exceed 50 years.
As for timber house, then, as with most wooden buildings, its service life can easily be 100 years or more. True, only with regular and proper care.
Perhaps in every industry one hears only: new technologies... However, not many solutions, especially innovative ones, are offered construction market for small country houses. At least in our region, where, due to climatic conditions, a straw house will not last long. Although a couple or three non-standard options we still found it. Let's figure out what materials experts recommend and why.
What to build a country house from?
timber
Classic of the genre. A tree is a tree, the smell alone is worth it! This is a relatively inexpensive and lightweight material, therefore a powerful foundation is not needed, it is easy to assemble and not as expensive to lay as stone, but for self-construction it is an order of magnitude more complex than the frame one. But it has an excellent microclimate.
It is for dachas that laminated veneer lumber of small thickness is now often offered - less than 150 mm. What's good about it? Glued laminated timber itself is quite beautiful and does not need any exterior decoration, except for treatment with a protective and decorative composition. And a small thickness gives significant savings on price and simplifies assembly.
Of the minuses: the house will be cold, in winter it will take a lot of energy to heat it. Builders say that a house made of timber with a thickness of at least 400 mm will be energy-saving. And this already increases the cost of a country house based on materials.
The most significant disadvantage of wood is its fire hazard. In addition, wooden houses require periodic treatment with antiseptics to protect them from the destructive effects of moisture and microorganisms.
Frame or sandwich panels
Wooden frame house considered the fastest and least expensive. Especially suitable for those who plan to live there only in the summer. It can be built in a few weeks. Wall structures, lightweight through the use of modern insulation materials, do not require a strong foundation. Multi-layer construction of walls, floors and interfloor ceilings allows you to hide utility lines. Such houses have high fire resistance and good sound insulation.
The disadvantages of sandwich panels include the short service life of the cladding (up to 50 years), the need for periodic treatment of the frame (from rotting, fungus or corrosion), poor ventilation and the inability of the walls to withstand additional load.
Concrete
Modern building materials- aerated concrete, foam concrete, expanded clay concrete and polystyrene concrete. All of the listed materials are blocks and differ from each other in size, density, weight, frost resistance, vapor permeability, and strength.
They are highly fire resistant and can survive a fire. In addition, such projects are distinguished by a variety of architectural forms and wall finishing options. Among the disadvantages of concrete houses are the significant cost of construction and increased thermal conductivity. You need to live in them permanently or install a system automatic regulation temperature.
Construction country houses made of foam blocks, which are not as spacious as cottages intended for permanent residence, provides an opportunity to further save money by installing simpler and cheaper floors, seismic belts and lintels.
Brick
Brick itself is one of the most expensive building materials. And the masonry is expensive (skilled workers are needed), and the foundation needs to be good and, accordingly, expensive.
The load-bearing walls of brick country houses are made, as a rule, of small thickness (one and a half to two bricks) and are insulated from the outside (pasted with sheets of expanded polystyrene followed by lining facing bricks or by plastering or insulated with mineral wool using the “ventilated facade” method). The method with brick lining is more expensive, with plaster or other finishing on a “ventilated facade” - more economical. There are additional ways to save money, such as installing wooden floors instead of reinforced concrete ones. Thus, the price range for the construction of brick country houses turns out to be extremely wide.
The advantage of bricks over wooden log house- the possibility of constructing walls of any configuration with niches and projections. Plus the notorious fire safety.
Earth
You can, of course, dig a dugout and arrange it. Or you can take an example from a very serious European technology called Earthbag building.
The material for such a construction project is literally lying under your feet, the main thing is that the soil is suitable for humidity parameters. Earthbags are bags of earth, from which houses are assembled in a very simple way. Damp soil fills bags or fabric pipes made of non-rotting material, for example, propylene. If the soil is too dry, moisten it slightly. The bags are then laid in rows and compacted. The layers are laid with ordinary barbed wire, which in this case performs a strengthening function - like cement in masonry.
Anything more or less suitable, including legs, can act as a tamping tool. The houses turn out to be dome-shaped; it is extremely difficult to build a straight wall in this way. Due to the stability of the earthen structure, such houses are especially relevant in flood-prone areas. In addition, such a house can be built from scratch in a week by three people who know nothing about construction.
In accordance with the Earthbag building technology, the most durable are domed houses, reminiscent of children's sand cakes. This form is stable and does not require additional efforts to strengthen it, however, if desired, an earthen house can be “lined” with clay. It will look prettier that way.
By the way, a scientist built a house from the materials underfoot in Tyumen back in 2013. This is a dugout made from oil waste, namely drill cuttings. The advantages of this unusual building material are lightness, practicality and low cost. It is unknown whether the experience had a continuation or successors.
Containers
Homes made from shipping containers are popular abroad. They are environmentally friendly and, again, inexpensive, because they are actually built from garbage. Such a house can be built on a foundation, or it can be made mobile. In principle, it also applies to former train carriages or cabins that have served in the fields.
The external beauty of the future building will depend only on the mood and imagination of the author. Like cubes, “boxes” can be stacked in arbitrary variations and patterns. The outer side of the building is treated with a compound that protects the base from corrosion. Then the walls are sheathed with thermal insulation and the design of the selected finish is completed. finishing. These houses are durable, which is why they are valued.
Bottles
What will never be in short supply are bottles. Glass and plastic, transparent and darkened, from wine or beer, mineral water and sweet soda - all this can be a material for the construction of residential buildings. This is international experience.
However, you can see such a structure in the suburb of Tyumen - the village of Zubarevo. The owner of the house built the house himself. I collected building materials in a trash can. The walls of the house were partially built from bottles. Bottles filled with cement are also used in the fence.
Used
To build a country house, you don’t have to buy expensive building materials, but get by with used ones. Some of these materials are not inferior in quality to new ones. So, when building a foundation, you can use used railway sleepers, reinforced concrete sleepers or foundation blocks as rigidity. To build walls, you can purchase bricks or cinder blocks from dismantled house construction.
If you are building a house according to a ready-made project, the amount of material you will need will already be calculated. If the project is yours, you will have to do the calculations yourself. Our advice is to take any material with a reserve.
The process of construction from this type of timber is characterized by efficiency. This is facilitated by the ideal shape of the material, the long edges of which have special grooves. They allow the beams to be perfectly stacked on top of each other without any adjustment. At the same time, glued lumber does not shrink. This all eliminates the formation of gaps between the beams. Therefore, when the owner of a garden plot is interested in how much it will cost to build a summer house, he needs to turn his attention first of all to laminated veneer lumber. This material will make it possible to erect the planned structure in a minimum period.
Conclusion
On a summer cottage, it is best to build a house from lightweight building materials. This will reduce construction time and reduce the costs of performing such work, since there is no need to involve lifting equipment, special equipment and tools in the processes. Moreover, laminated veneer lumber, which is a lightweight material, can be stored both in a separate specially designated area and in already installed load-bearing structures future home without any harm to them. It’s better to immediately turn to professionals who will carry out turnkey design and construction work. This is especially true for small summer cottages, which are widespread throughout the country.
Owners of suburban areas have an excellent opportunity to assemble inexpensive houses with very good performance characteristics. There are several ways to construct an economical and reliable building these days. In this article we will talk about what is cheaper to build houses from.
What factors influence the cost
Save money during construction country house Can:
- Having drawn up the project correctly. Compact house with a well-thought-out layout will cost less than a large “chaotic” building and will be no less comfortable.
- By choosing the right material for walls, roofing, ceilings and finishing.
It is the latter factor that often plays a decisive role in terms of project cost.
Materials for how to choose
When deciding what exactly the walls of the house, its floors and roof will be built from, you need to pay attention to the following factors:
- Climatic conditions. In cold regions it is better to use, albeit not so durable, but definitely warm materials. Owners of plots located in the southern regions of the country have a much wider choice. In this case, you can use absolutely any modern inexpensive materials.
- Specific properties of materials. Of course, buildings made of SIP panels or foam concrete are much cheaper than brick or log houses.
- Features of the local market. For example, wood may be cheaper in forested regions, and concrete in steppe regions.
The most economical building materials
So, now let's see what is cheaper to build houses from. A very economical and convenient building can now be erected using:
- Timber and modern insulation. This is the most inexpensive type of building at the moment. At the same time, despite their low cost, panel houses have very good performance characteristics. In this case, inexpensive materials are also used as cladding. Most often this is plywood and siding.
- SIP panels. Such a building will cost more than a panel building, but it will also be erected faster.
- Foam blocks. Buildings constructed from them are also very inexpensive and are considered somewhat more reliable than panel buildings.
All these modern materials for building a house are very suitable and at the same time can last long time. Next, let's talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. Perhaps this will help someone make the best choice.
Advantages of frame buildings
Houses made of wood of this type, in addition to being cheap, also have such advantages as:
- Ease of construction. You can build a frame-panel house yourself, without involving specialists. When constructing such a building, there is no need to use any expensive equipment. The most inexpensive foundation for a panel house can be poured - a columnar one (of course, only on reliable soil).
- Excellent heat-retaining qualities. Such houses are insulated from the cold using modern, inexpensive materials. Usually this is mineral wool or polystyrene foam. Even not too expensive non-profiled timber is used in this case in minimal quantities - only for the construction of the frame.
- Aesthetic If you use high-quality internal and external cladding, choosing this technology, you can actually get a very beautiful and at the same time comfortable building.
- No shrinkage. Unlike expensive cobblestone and log buildings, you can move into a house built using this technology immediately after its construction.
Disadvantages of panel buildings
timber and modern insulation- just an excellent answer to the question of what is cheaper to build houses from. But of course, like any other method, this building construction technology also has its drawbacks. The disadvantages of frame-panel houses include, first of all, not too high a degree environmental safety. The fact is that mineral wool and expanded polystyrene are materials that, in certain situations, can emit. When building a house, this must be taken into account and the interior lining must be made as airtight as possible. Mineral wool Expanded polystyrene releases toxic styrene.
The disadvantages of panel structures also include a not very high degree of fire resistance. It is best to entrust the wiring in such a house to a specialist. Even though this will entail additional costs. You will also have to spend money on processing wooden frame antiseptic and fire resistance-increasing compositions, as well as insect repellents. As you know, only if these products are used, wooden houses can be quite durable.
Owners of remote summer cottages often refuse to erect such buildings due to the not very high mechanical strength of the walls. Thieves may not even need to pick the lock to break into such a home without security.
Advantages of buildings made from SIP panels
This type of building is structurally very similar to the previous one. In fact, this is just a type of panel house. The only difference is that the elements of a building of this type are assembled from panels supplied ready-made. Of course, when using such material the construction is more reliable and durable. Houses made from SIP panels are not too expensive. However, their cost, as already mentioned, is slightly higher than that of conventional panel boards.
SIP panels consist of two OSB boards, between which polystyrene foam is fixed. Despite their apparent fragility, due to their structural integrity they are able to withstand enormous loads and are actually simply ideal for buildings. You can also erect a building from this material yourself. There is no need to pour an overly thick foundation under SIP walls. The advantages of this material include a very low degree of thermal conductivity.
As in the case of a frame-panel house, the construction of such a building does not require the use of expensive equipment. The panels are processed simply - using a regular hacksaw. Therefore, houses made from SIP panels can have any layout and architecture.
Disadvantages of SIP buildings
The disadvantages of such houses are approximately the same as those of conventional frame-panel houses. That is, they are no different fire safety and environmental cleanliness. In addition to polystyrene foam, in this case OSB panels are also used, the safety of which is highly questionable. Some disadvantages of SIP panels include the fact that they can only be used to build houses of limited height (maximum 2 floors). Engineering communications in buildings of this type it is quite difficult and expensive to carry out. This can also be attributed to the disadvantages of such buildings.
Advantages of houses made of foam blocks
This material is slightly more expensive than SIP panels. However, the cost of the foam block is still low, and the difference in price in this case is not critical. In addition, in comparison with SIP buildings and panel buildings, houses made of this material have many advantages. These include:
- The ability of walls to “breathe”. In this regard, buildings made of foam blocks are comparable to, for example, comfortable structures such as log houses. The microclimate in buildings constructed from this material is created almost the same.
- Fire resistance of walls. Concrete, as everyone knows, does not burn.
- Durability. By definition, such a building can last much longer than a wooden structure. Concrete does not rot and is not damaged by insects.
Disadvantages of houses made of foam concrete
The disadvantages of such buildings include, first of all, the need for careful waterproofing of the foundation and the use of materials that prevent moisture from penetrating the walls. Inexpensive houses made of foam blocks should be protected as thoroughly as possible. The point is that this porous material absorbs moisture very well. In this case, its heat-preserving qualities are lost. Moreover, wet blocks of this type crumble easily, which can even lead to the appearance of cracks in the walls.
Despite the fact that foam concrete is lightweight, the foundation for it should be sufficiently powerful and reliable. It's all about the fragility of this material. Foam concrete can crack even with small movements.
The disadvantages of this material, in comparison with SIP panels, include some difficulty in constructing houses when using them. To build, foam blocks need to be held together with special glue. In this case, the seams, unlike concrete ones, are very thin and do not allow cold to pass through. However, masonry using this method involves the use of blocks of ideal geometry. But despite existing standards, material with various kinds defects.
From all of the above we can draw a simple conclusion. You should buy foam blocks only from large manufacturers who value their reputation and supply the market with fairly durable material with ideal geometry.
Cost of materials
For the construction of building walls, structural and thermal insulating foam blocks are usually used. Their price depends on the size, manufacturer and supplier. For a D500-D600 block, for example, you can pay from 47 to 185 rubles. The cost of a foam block with the most convenient dimensions of 20x30x60 mm is usually 135-150 rubles.
The price of SIP panels of different sizes can be found in the table below.
Dimensions (mm) | OSB thickness (mm) | Cost (RUB) |
Thus, the price of a house made of SIP (or rather, only its walls) measuring 5x5 m with a ceiling height of 250 cm and a wall thickness of 12 mm will be 47,200 rubles, not including the cost consumables. Of course it's not too expensive. Foam blocks of the same size will cost about 55,000-60,000 rubles, which is also quite cheap.
What to make the floors and roof from
The use of SIP panels and foam blocks significantly reduces the cost of building houses. From different materials modern type, such as metal tiles, ondulin or corrugated sheets, can be assembled for a country building and a very inexpensive roof. Floor and ceiling in budget house usually sheathed with a simple edged board.
As for the frame of the floors and roof, there is, of course, not too much choice. Joists, beams and rafter system usually made from timber. And they use fairly thick material. After all similar designs are load-bearing and must withstand heavy loads. Therefore, of course, it is not worth saving on them. However, the price of ordinary non-profiled timber is not too high.
Thus, using the materials described above to build a house, you can save a lot of money and at the same time get reliable and environmentally friendly structures.
How to choose an edged board
When choosing this material, you should pay attention to two factors:
- Presence of knots. There should be as few of them as possible. Especially the dark ones. Such knots will inevitably fall out over time, and unsightly holes will form in the floor or ceiling.
- Geometry of the material. All selected boards must have the same thickness and be even in all planes.
Advantages and disadvantages of metal tiles
In addition to the low price, the advantages of this material used for assembly inexpensive roofing most often it can be attributed to:
- light weight,
- strength and durability,
- aesthetic appearance,
- ease of installation.
The disadvantages of metal tiles are:
- noisy when it rains,
- ability to rust and click in the sun if not installed correctly.
As you can see, the answer to the question of what is cheaper to build houses from is not too complicated. Choosing inexpensive materials for the construction of walls, floors and roofing of a building is very simple these days. Of course, when drawing up a project, everything should be carefully calculated and thought through. In this case, the house will be economical, reliable and comfortable.
Dream of own home often breaks down over the financial capabilities of a person and his family, since the construction process and the costs of materials are beyond the means of many. But modern builders claim that everything is not so dire, and building your own home is a very real task. We’ll look at which house is cheaper to build in this article.
What affects the cost of a cottage?
It is important to understand for what purposes you want to acquire country house: for permanent year-round residence or for staying in it only during the summer season. The following factors completely depend on this:
- space-planning solution;
- type of house construction;
- materials for the construction of building elements.
Which house is cheaper to build? If it is a country house, there is no need to arrange rooms for each family member; common areas with sleeping places, a kitchen, and a bathroom are enough. If you want to build a house for permanent year-round living, it requires heating systems and walls made of more reliable and functional material that will prevent the premises from freezing. winter time.
Selecting and creating a project
To build a house yourself cheaply, without once again resorting to the services of professionals, it is important to correctly develop future layouts of the facility and think about how the work will be carried out.
An affordable cottage should have compact layout. Main principle- maximum combination of general and usable area. How to achieve this?
1) Combine the hallway and vestibule, make the room insulated. This great solution, since they carry the same functional load.
- The length of the panels is up to 3000 (3500) mm, depending on the manufacturer’s capabilities.
- Width - 1250-1500 mm.
- Thickness - 168, 174 mm for external walls; 118 mm - for partition; 174, 224 mm - for interfloor ceilings.
- The weight of a standard slab 2500x1250x174 mm is about 50 kg. It turns out that a house with an area of 150 m2 will weigh about 15 tons, which is 4-5 times lighter in comparison with stone materials.
The thickness of the panel is calculated taking into account all temperature influences middle zone and north, no additional thermal protection device is required. For clarity: a 120 mm slab is equivalent in terms of heat retention to a brick structure with a cross section of 2.5 meters.
The disadvantages of the element include the inability to pass air and accumulate moisture with polystyrene foam. However, when protected with OSB boards and external cladding, this practically does not happen.
Price issue
When it comes to the question of what is cheaper to build a house from, sip panels definitely win.
The average cost of 1 slab 2500x1250x174 mm is about 3000 rubles. (on average - 1200-1300 rubles/m2). It is much more accessible than the most famous traditional material- wood, therefore, you can build a frame house cheaply.
We must not forget that the cost of erecting such a structure, in addition to sip panels, includes the cost of the skeleton itself, which can be made of metal or wooden beams. Obviously, using the latter is more profitable - natural raw materials are more accessible and easier to install.
You can build a frame house cheaply on a turnkey basis in many companies that provide this service. The price of a small two-story cottage with a terrace - about 1,000,000 rubles. If you neglect the services of professionals, you can save up to 30-40% of this cost. True, the timing will not be the same...
We build it ourselves
Finally, the most important point of saving is work without the participation of professionals. How to cheaply build a house with your own hands? Let's consider in order general outline using the example of a frame structure.
The first step is to decide on the materials. We've looked at what you can use to build a cheap house, so choose one that suits your budget. Most accessible view buildings - frame with sip panels, so determine required quantity slabs and volume of beams for the frame according to previously drawn up layout diagrams and types of structures.
Foundation
The correct choice of the type and material of the foundation is the first stage of the algorithm on how to build a house cheaply. The price of the foundation is about 20-30% of the total cost of the entire house.
There is no need to build a massive foundation for a frame house: as already mentioned, the mass of the entire structure is about 15 tons (and in the case of an economical layout, even less: 8-10 tons). The best and cheapest option is to install columnar foundation. It can be installed either independently or with the help of professionals. For concreting, it is enough to use a solution of grade M200-M250.
Walls
To build a house yourself cheaply, you will have to try and do the most intensive part of the work yourself - installing the frame.
For the bottom trim, take beams with a cross-section of 150x50 mm and lay them on edge on the surface of the finished foundation, covered with roofing felt. In the corners they are connected with 100-120 mm screws, and they must be attached to the base itself using anchors or large self-tapping screws. TO internal bars attach the boards of the middle and outer trim. You can use the method of cutting down the ends of the boards, then they are mounted end-to-end.
Then they level the surface of the resulting level, use a jigsaw to make recesses for the floor joists and install them.
TO inside The bottom trim is fixed with 50x50 mm bars - the floor boards will be attached to them.
Next, vertical posts are installed: notches are made on the outside of the frame and the timber is secured with the same screws. Along the perimeter, the step between them is from 1 to 1.2 meters - this makes it easier for an inexperienced assembler to connect all the components together and not make a mistake.
The fastening of the upper trim is similar to the lower one; installation is carried out using metal corners.
It is common to see cross boards between vertical posts. They are mounted to strengthen the structure when long spans or difficult decisions, for an economy house this is not so relevant, we can do without them. But the slopes at the top and base of the rack can be installed.
When the frame is ready, you can cover it with the panels themselves.
Thus, you can build a frame house cheaply. The prices for materials are not too high, and you will do the work yourself.
Finishing
To prevent the stingy from paying twice, it is necessary to carefully isolate external walls from influences environment, capable of soaking or destroying the structure of the sip panel. As budget option The finishing can be done by plastering, but first the surface must be covered with polystyrene foam. The price of 1 m 2 of such cladding is about 700-900 rubles.
It is also good to use vinyl or PVC siding. Perhaps this is the cheapest method - about 400 rubles. per square meter.
Finishing with decorative slabs or artificial stone will cost 900-1200 rubles/m2. This kind of cladding frame houses is rare: many believe that sip panels are not able to withstand this load, but this is a misconception.
The most expensive, but most reliable and durable type of cladding is brick.
We looked at how to cheaply build a house with your own hands. Everything is much simpler than it seemed.
To build or not to build?
We've found the cheapest way to build your own cottage. There is nothing complicated in this process, the main thing is to start. Then you can build a frame house cheaply in a relatively short time. Prices per square meter of such housing can vary, on average they range from 11,000 to 15,000 rubles, which is very cheap compared to other types of real estate.
Many criticize this type of house, believing that the material is short-lived and impractical. We looked at some properties of sip panels; they are more effective than other materials in some properties. Weaknesses Every material has it, and concrete can be criticized.
Residents of America know first-hand what material is cheaper to build a house from. This type of housing is widespread on the continent in northern regions, which clearly demonstrates its ability to withstand both temperature changes and the effects of precipitation. Hence the name - "Canadian House".
Don't limit yourself in making your dream of your home come true! There is always a solution.
