Plasterboard sheets have a flammability group. Classification of drywall: main types and its characteristics. How much does one square meter of material weigh?
Before you begin covering the walls and ceilings of rooms with plasterboard, install various boxes, arches, partitions and furniture designs, needs to be studied specifications this material and composition. Drywall has its own varieties that are applicable for different types premises. When assembling gypsum plasterboard structures, it is also important to take into account the characteristics of the room itself and the properties of drywall, because in different conditions applicable different material, the types of which you also need to have an idea about. Knowledge of the basic characteristics, types, properties and capabilities of the material will allow you to avoid many mistakes during its installation and further finishing.
Today, when carrying out repairs of varying complexity, the most common material is used - gypsum board sheets. The versatility, ease of processing and installation and properties of drywall make it the choice of novice home builders and craftsmen. However, not every one of them knows all the technical characteristics of drywall sheets or understands the markings specified by the manufacturer. In this article we will try to understand in detail issues such as the description, characteristics and application of gypsum boards.
What is drywall and what is it made of? Drywall is composite panels of different sizes and thicknesses, which are actively used in construction. The material is based on gypsum, the outer surfaces are covered with construction cardboard. To increase certain properties of plasterboard (strength, density, durability, etc.), as well as improve its performance properties, special components are added to the composition of gypsum during the production of the material. The cardboard “outfit” of drywall is a reinforcing frame for the material and the basis for the finishing cladding.
Cardboard has high adhesion, which makes it suitable for wallpapering, painting and other finishing. However, before decorative finishing It is recommended to prime the gypsum board and putty it with a starting and finishing layer of putty.
Drywall sheets are now produced both abroad and in Russia.
For the manufacture of plasterboard boards the following are used:
- Artificial or natural gypsum;
- Chemical soap, minerals, special additives;
- Cladding construction cardboard.
The drywall core has unique technical and physical properties, endowing the material big amount benefits.
Among them it is worth noting:
- Hygroscopicity;
- Non-toxic;
- Strength;
- Relative plasticity;
- Fire resistance;
- Versatility of use;
- Flexibility;
- Compliance;
- Easy to process.
The unbreakable adhesion of the facing cardboard to the gypsum core is ensured by special adhesives.
Drywall made from the above components has excellent chemical, physical and hygienic characteristics, making it possible to use this material for finishing premises for various purposes.
Drywall production
In order to understand what material you will have to work with, you should have an idea of how it is made and what raw materials are used.
The drywall production process is as follows:
- In a special bunker, dry gypsum flour is mixed with a modified form of starch and a synthetic foaming agent.
- The resulting mixture is fed into the next container, where it is mixed with the catalyst. This is necessary to speed up the hardening process of the gypsum.
- This composition is fed onto a conveyor, where it is evenly poured between two layers of cardboard.
- The resulting strip is rolled along the edges, and after drying, it is cut, dried, labeled, stacked and packaged for shipment to a dealer or official representative.
Material characteristics
When choosing drywall for a certain type of work, you must know for sure that you have chosen the appropriate material, so you definitely need to delve into its basic parameters.
Thanks to constant research and monitoring of the production process, as well as consumer feedback and expert observations, manufacturers have the opportunity to improve their products.
Drywall sheets have their own types and varieties, each of which has corresponding properties and characteristics on which their application depends.
Types of drywall
What types of drywall are there? The use of gypsum board showed the need for the manufacturer to improve the material in accordance with the conditions of its installation and operation. Depending on the type and presence of modifying additives in the composition of the material core, as well as on the type of mixture for impregnating construction cardboard, plasterboard has several varieties.
Main types of drywall:
- GKL - ordinary drywall. Standard plasterboard sheets are actively used for construction finishing works in rooms with stable humidity and temperature parameters. The leaf comes in gray or blue and has different sizes.
- GKLO – fire-resistant sheet. Drywall with increased fire-resistant properties is used in the construction and renovation of premises with an increased risk of fire. GKLO sheet is red or blue.
- GKLV – moisture-resistant sheet. This variety is resistant to high humidity in the air, in a humid environment it is able to retain its shape and hardness, the leaf is resistant to mold or mildew. GKLV color – green or blue.
- GKLVO – fire-moisture resistant sheet. Moisture-resistant plasterboard, which also has fire-resistant properties, can be used in the construction and repair of not only special premises, but also residential buildings or apartments. GKLVO protects the premises from accidental flooding and increases its fire safety. This type of leaf is red in color.
GVL – gypsum fiber sheet. GVL is called the younger brother of drywall. GVL is made from gypsum and crushed cellulose fibers by mixing with construction additives that increase performance material. GVL is very durable and has a high bearing capacity. Also, characteristic features GVL are homogeneity and the ability to influence the level of humidity in the room (absorb excess moisture and release it when there is a lack). GVL is plastic, has different sizes and weights. This type can even be used as a draft flooring when installing bulk floors. GVL also has sufficient fire resistance for use in fire hazardous areas. GVL has White color with a gray tint. GVL differs from gypsum plasterboard in composition and characteristics. GVLV is a gypsum fiber sheet with resistance to high humidity, is a subtype of GVL, used in rooms with increased operational requirements.
Is the material breathable? Any type of drywall is capable of moderately absorbing excess moisture in the air when there is an excess of it, and when there is a shortage, releasing it back. This applies to rooms with normal humidity levels. This property allows us to assume that the material breathes.
In addition to the main types, drywall also differs in purpose:
- Restoration material thinner than usual, used for finishing old gypsum board structures. The sheets are quite flexible, which allows them to be used when arranging shaped elements.
- Laminated or vinyl material is a standard sheet covered with PVC film, which allows for quick decorative finishing.
- Reinforced sheets plasterboards include fiberglass additives that increase the fire resistance of the material.
- Arch material has a fine structure, high flexibility and pliability. The material is intended to create arched structures and figured volumetric elements.
- Perforated drywall(acoustic) – soundproofing sheets used in rooms that require the installation of an additional sound barrier. Perforated plasterboard has an appropriate structure that allows it to be used in the decoration of lecture halls, cinema halls, recording studios, as well as classrooms in music schools and conservatories. The color of perforated plasterboard is predominantly white.
Numerous types of drywall provide flexibility in the conditions for its use. Conventional sheets, as a rule, are most often used in residential premises, and in rooms with other operational requirements, more adapted types are used.
Canvas sizes
What are the dimensions of drywall? Material parameters vary:
- Length - from 2000 to 4000 mm with a recommended fastening pitch of 40 - 50 cm;
- Width – 600 and 1200 mm;
- Sheet thickness – 6.5; 8.0; 12.5; 14.0; 16.0; 18.0; 24.0; 29.0 mm.
Each type, type and subtype of drywall has its own standard sizes.
Quality groups
Drywall sheets are manufactured according to standards state standard. There are two types of quality groups - A and B, the standards of which are regulated by GOST 6266-97. They correspond to a certain number of external defects that are allowed per length of the drywall sheet. For example, Knauf plasterboard, the characteristics of which are most often at the highest level, belongs to group A.
Types of gypsum board edges
- PC – straight edge;
- UK – thinned edge;
- PLC – semicircular edge on the front side of the sheet;
- PLUK - a semicircular and thinned edge on the front side of the sheet;
- ZK – rounded edge.
Fire technical characteristics
A certain type of drywall belongs to the corresponding group, which is determined by GOSTs. GKL, GKLV, GKLO and GKLVO - flammability group G1 (according to GOST 30244), flammability group B3 (GOST 30402), smoke generation group D1 (GOST 12.1.044), material toxicity group T1 (GOST 12.1.044).
Markings and symbols
Similar designations correspond to the characteristics of gypsum boards:
- Letter designation of the species;
- Group designation;
- Type of longitudinal edges;
- Numbers for length, width and thickness, as well as the designation of the standard.
Thus, gypsum plasterboard belonging to group A and having straight edges, length - 2500 mm, width - 1200 mm and thickness - 14.0 mm, will have the following marking: GKL-A-PK-2500x1200x14.0 GOST 6266-97.
Is gypsum board afraid of frost? Drywall is a material used for interior decoration, as a result of which the optimal temperature for its operation is room temperature. However, gypsum plasterboard is able to withstand any negative temperature possible in natural natural conditions, without being destroyed and completely restoring its qualities when it is normalized.
The technical characteristics of drywall will help you quickly select a material that meets your personal requirements and SNiPs. Thus, you can quickly choose moisture-resistant plasterboard for the bathroom, the characteristics of which correspond to wet rooms, or a fire-resistant sheet for finishing, for example, a generator room, and so on.
Pay attention to the technical characteristics of plasterboard layers and its markings. This will make it much easier for you to navigate and make only the right choice when purchasing construction and finishing materials.
Which drywall to choose (video)
There are plasterboard sheets of different parameters on the market. It is necessary to know their properties, which play a decisive role in the choice. For example, by using ordinary drywall when decorating a warehouse for flammable substances, we risk, after the first fire, receiving significant damage inside the premises. And all because we did not know what characteristics drywall has. Read our article on how to recognize fire-resistant drywall and much more.
What is this article about?
A few words about gypsum board
Drywall is one of the most popular materials for interior decoration. Arches, columns, ceilings and other things are made from it. It is highly in demand on the market due to its low cost, ease of processing, harmlessness and sound insulation properties.
Plus, it’s very dense, durable, and lightweight, which makes it easy to transport and install, despite its size. After work there is a minimum of waste left.
Ease of use
To work with drywall, you can get by with the tools that are in every home. Special properties drywall - once wet, it bends at the request of the builder, and will remain so after drying.
It is convenient to make partitions from drywall of any size - it takes much less time than if we did it from foam blocks or bricks. In addition, drywall hypoallergenic.
Flaws
The material is thin, not waterproof, and plasterboard, unlike gypsum fiber, has low strength - if you hang something heavy, you can collapse the entire wall.
Device
Inside there is plaster with additives, outside there is a cardboard lining attached with a special glue. Depending on the properties of drywall, dimensions may differ from standard ones.
Drywall weightand mass. Have you ever wondered - “how much does a sheet of drywall weigh”? The weight of drywall is no more than 1 s (kilograms per square meter). Fire-resistant plasterboard sheets - not< 0,8 и не < 1,06 s.
Thickness. The size of the plasterboard sheet is not so important; in the end, it can be cut the way you want, the main thing is the thickness. It happens different profiles– 6, 9, 12 mm, it does not depend on the place where we buy gypsum boards - on the market or in a specialized store. GKL 6 mm is used for bending sheets " wet method» – creating products with curves (designer fantasies, niches, arches). GKL 9 mm is usually used for ceilings, and is also used for bending sheets using the “dry method”. They make beautiful ceilings to reduce the weight of the structure. The thickest ones are used by builders to create partitions and wall cladding. They also create racks and columns, the height of which will indicate the status of the owner. There is little demand for other sizes; non-standard gypsum boards are rarely of interest to buyers.
Classification by area of application
Depending on the area of application and properties, there are:
Drywall for walls
The size of the plasterboard sheet has a length of 2.3 or 2.5 m. Width - 1.2 m. Plasterboard thickness - 12.5 mm, gray cladding. Blue markings.
Plasterboard for ceiling
Used for cladding ceilings, creating arches, niches, two-level ceilings. The size of the plasterboard sheet differs from the previous one only in the thickness of the plasterboard - it is 9.5 mm (which is why it is cheaper than the previous type).
Don't try to use drywall on walls on ceilings. It will sag under its own weight and everything will have to be redone.
Moisture resistant drywall
Used for finishing rooms with high humidity. It has standard dimensions of a plasterboard sheet, the thickness of the plasterboard is standard, the marking is blue, but the color of the sheet is different - it is green. If you cover it further waterproofing material, the service life of drywall will increase. The dimensions of the drywall guides depend on the area of application.
Fireproof plasterboard
This gypsum fiber material is used for high requirements fire safety, increased flammability. The size of drywall is almost standard, only it differs in length - up to 2, 3, 2.5 m. The color is gray, the markings are red. The property of non-flammability, as with all products like gypsum board, is present due to the gypsum fiber composition of additional additives. This effect is achieved by adding gypsum fiber material, which is difficult for fire to reach.
By the way, cardboard of any gypsum board and drywall, regardless of size, does not burn, but only chars. But only this type of core remains in the same shape after a fire.
Flexible arched plasterboard
The size of the drywall is 3 m long, standard width, the highlight is the thickness - only 6.5 mm. Gray sheets. This type of gypsum board is used to create flexible forms; it has the smallest thickness among all types of gypsum plasterboard, so it can bend to smaller radii. The greatest bending is achieved by piercing the surface with a needle roller and further wetting the surface. With this treatment, water penetrates into the sheet, the wetted gypsum becomes soaked and bends perfectly.
Resistance to external influences
Flexural strength. The maximum load (in kg) that drywall cannot withstand determines its strength. If the size of a plasterboard sheet with a thickness of 10 mm, then the sheet should withstand 15 kg, if standard size plasterboard with a thickness of 11 - 18 mm - 18 kg.
Flammabilitydrywall. Drywall is not flammable and resists fire for a long time. But if the flame reaches the core, it crumbles (with the exception of fire-resistant sheets).
Regarding GOSTs, they are:
- flammability - G1;
- flammability – B2;
- ability to generate smoke – D1;
- toxicity - T1.
Frost resistance. Low temperature does not affect the gypsum board, and does not cause much destruction to it. But the material is created for interior work, That's why room temperature– an ideal environment!
Water absorption and softening coefficient. Moisture-resistant plasterboards can absorb no more than 10% of liquid. The softening coefficient (Kp) is calculated by dividing the tensile strength in a water-saturated state (Rн) by the tensile strength in a dry state (Rс). The strength of sheets of conventional gypsum board when interacting with moisture is significantly reduced. Their softening coefficient is approximately 0.45. This indicates the low strength of the materials after getting wet and a short service life after that. For waterproof materials the coefficient is 0.8.
Interesting video “Crash test of drywall”:
Thermal conductivity. The size of the sheet is plasterboard, which perfectly retains heat, making it frost-resistant. The thermal conductivity coefficient of plasterboard is from 0.22 to 0.35 W/ (m×K). This means that gypsum board is excellent for improving thermal insulation. It's fast, inexpensive and, most importantly, effective. By the way, make a gap of 3-10 mm, you will create another air layer that will retain heat.
One option for improving thermal conductivity is to add insulation to the cavity between the wall that we are insulating and the plasterboard sheet. Such insulation materials can be mineral wool or polystyrene foam. The thickness of the thermal insulation layer is always a compromise - the thicker it is, the warmer it is, but the smaller the living area of the rooms.
GKL. Do you want to hang a shelf on a plasterboard wall? The load should not exceed 30 kg per square meter, including the shelf, otherwise you will simply destroy the gypsum board wall. You need to screw it on with screws, forget about nails!Varieties of edges
Marking
To find out the characteristics and groups of thin drywall that interest us, you need to know and be able to decipher the conditions indicated on the sheet.
- Designation by letter of sheet type (A or B);
- information about the group to which the plasterboard sheet belongs;
- longitudinal edge information;
- dimensions of drywall sheets in millimeters;
- manufacturing standard - GOST 6266-97.
Here, for example, is the size of KNAUF drywall “A”. Its length is 2500 mm, the width is standard, the edge is semicircular, the thickness of the plasterboard is 9 mm. These are the dimensions of Knauf gypsum boards. As you can see, the plasterboard standard sheet size applies to KNAUF.
What the marking looks like:
Reading time ≈ 4 minutes
Drywall is a relatively new building material that appeared in late XIX centuries. Due to its ease of use, wide range of different sizes and types, this material is widely used in construction. GKL sheet produced various manufacturers, despite the different ones releasing it trade marks and brands are easily recognizable: it consists of sheets of gypsum board of various sizes, covered on the outside with cardboard. The composition of drywall is extremely simple: building gypsum - 93%, standard cardboard - 6%, various modifying additives - 1%.
Types of drywall by purpose
There are several types of manufactured plasterboard sheets, differing in their basic physical parameters.
- GKL. The most widely produced manufacturers produce ordinary drywall, used for premises with demanded consumers standard requirements to humidity and temperature conditions. It can be easily distinguished by the color of the top layer of cardboard: such drywall is painted in grey colour, all markings on the surface of the sheet are made in blue.
- GKLV. For rooms with high humidity, plasterboard sheets are produced, covered with green cardboard with moisture-resistant additives and blue markings.
- GKLO. In rooms with temperature indicators above the norm, fire-resistant plasterboard produced by factories is used. It is covered with gray or red cardboard, and all technological inscriptions on its surface are made with red paint.
- GKLVO. For rooms with high requirements for fire resistance and humidity (for example, for saunas), manufacturers produce fire-resistant and moisture-resistant green plasterboard with red markings.
Standard sizes of gypsum board sheets
To meet all the demands of builders, factories produce a whole range of standard sizes of all types of plasterboard. The thickness of gypsum board sheets can vary widely:
- for the manufacture of arched structures, gypsum boards with a thickness of 6.5 mm are produced;
- for installation of ceilings and various boxes, sheets with a thickness of 8 are recommended; 9.5 mm;
- for various wall structures, sheets with a thickness of 12.5 are produced; 14; 16; 18; 20; 24 mm.
Characteristics of the edges of gypsum board sheets
The most popular and widely used thickness options for gypsum board sheets are 6.5; 9.5; 12.5 mm. In addition, in industrially produced sheets, the edges themselves differ, which is important when making joints between sheets. The edges can be straight, rounded, thinned on one side, semicircular or semicircular and thinned on the front surface, cut at an angle of 45 degrees.
Dimensions and weight parameters
Manufacturers offer consumers various sizes along the width and length of gypsum board sheets. As a rule, the width of the plasterboard sheet is 600 or 1200 mm, and its length can vary from 2000 to 4000 mm (50 mm increments).
The weight of gypsum board sheets can vary significantly: it depends directly on the thickness and type of sheet. The weight parameters of plasterboard are calculated according to the formula: the weight of 1 m2 is KxS (K - the indicator for ordinary and moisture-resistant plasterboard is no more than 1 kg per mm of thickness, for fire-resistant and moisture-resistant plasterboard it is from 0.8 to 1.06; S - an indicator equal to thickness in mm).
Technical characteristics of drywall
GOST 6266-97 normalizes the following properties of gypsum boards:
- strength of plasterboard sheets according to breaking load: the maximum strength indicator is for a sheet of 12.5 mm - 322 N in the longitudinal; 105 N in transverse directions;
- permissible deviations from geometric dimensions and the number of possible defects, according to which drywall belongs to class A or B;
- The deflection of the gypsum board should be no more than 0.8-1.0 mm.
Plasterboard sheets of all types include:
- to flammability group G1 (according to GOST 30244);
- to flammability group B3 (according to GOST 30402);
- to smoke-forming ability group D1 (according to GOST 12.1.044);
- to toxicity group T1 (according to GOST 12.1.044).
Advantages
The wide range of produced types and varieties of material allowed it to take a leading position in construction market. Using, together with various sheets of plasterboard, a whole range of products ( wooden blocks, galvanized profiles, Various types putties and adhesives, reinforcing mesh and screws, dowels), you can perform an impressive amount of finishing work, equip suspended ceilings, false walls, partitions of any complexity, implementing the most creative design solutions.
Due to its environmental friendliness, a large number of different sizes and types, and ease of use, plasterboard sheets have confidently occupied their niche among finishing materials.
Flaws
At the same time, although it has a large number of advantages, drywall has certain disadvantages that limit its use. In particular, it is not strong enough to withstand point loads, so it is not used as load-bearing structures. In addition, constant contact with water or open fire is contraindicated. Also, in the event of deformation or damage to plasterboard sheets, its repair is problematic, which, however, is compensated by the ease of replacing damaged sheets.
Be that as it may, drywall is one of the few modern materials, when studying the photo, video installation of which, as well as reviews, allows even a beginner to install a simple partition or level a wall.
Video
GOST 6266-97
Group Zh16
INTERSTATE STANDARD
GYPSUM CARDBOARD SHEETS
Specifications
Gypsum plasterboards. Specifications
MKS 91.100.99*
OKSTU 5742
_______________
* In the index " National standards"2013 ISS 91.100.10. -
Database manufacturer's note.
Date of introduction 1999-04-01
Preface
1 DEVELOPED by JSC "VNIIstrom named after P.P. Budnikov" and JV "TIGI KNAUF", JSC Russian Federation
INTRODUCED by the State Construction Committee of Russia
2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (INTKS) on December 10, 1997.
Voted for acceptance
State name | Name of body government controlled construction |
Republic of Armenia | Ministry of Urban Development of the Republic of Armenia |
Republic of Belarus | Ministry of Construction and Architecture of the Republic of Belarus |
The Republic of Kazakhstan | Committee on Housing and Construction Policy under the Ministry of Energy, Industry and Trade of the Republic of Kazakhstan |
Republic of Kyrgyzstan | State Inspectorate for Architecture and Construction under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic |
The Republic of Moldova | Ministry of Territorial Development, Construction and Communal Services of the Republic of Moldova |
Russian Federation | Gosstroy of Russia |
3 INSTEAD GOST 6266-89
4 ENTERED INTO EFFECT on April 1, 1999 as a state standard of the Russian Federation by Decree of the State Construction Committee of Russia dated November 24, 1998 No. 14.
Amendments were made, published in IUS No. 7, 2002; IUS No. 11, 2010
Amendments were made by the database manufacturer.
1 area of use
1 area of use
This standard applies to plasterboard sheets (hereinafter referred to as sheets) intended for finishing walls, installing partitions, suspended ceilings, fire protection of structures, manufacturing decorative and sound-absorbing products.
The standard establishes mandatory requirements set out in sections 4, 5, 7, 8, paragraphs 9.3-9.8.
2 Normative references
This standard uses references to the following standards:
GOST 12.1.044-89 SSBT. Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indicators and methods for their determination
GOST 166-89 Calipers. Specifications
GOST 427-75 Metal measuring rulers. Specifications
GOST 3560-73 Steel packaging tape. Specifications
GOST 3749-77 Test squares 90°. Specifications
GOST 7502-98 Metal measuring tapes. Specifications
GOST 11358-89 Indicator thickness and wall gauges with division values of 0.01 and 0.1 mm. Specifications
GOST 14192-96 Marking of cargo
GOST 15467-79 Product quality management. Basic concepts. Terms and Definitions
GOST 24104-88 * Laboratory scales general purpose and exemplary. Are common technical specifications
_________________
* GOST R 53228-2008 is in force on the territory of the Russian Federation, hereinafter in the text. - Note database production.
GOST 25951-83 Polyethylene shrink film. Specifications
GOST 30108-94 Construction materials and products. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides
GOST 30244-94 Construction materials. Flammability test methods
GOST 30402-96 Construction materials. Flammability test method
3 Definitions
The terms with corresponding definitions established by this standard are given in Appendix A.
4 Classification, main parameters and dimensions
4.1 Depending on the properties and scope of application, sheets are divided into the following types:
- ordinary (gypsum plasterboard);
- moisture resistant (GKLV);
- with increased resistance to open flame (GKLO);
- moisture resistant with increased resistance to open flame (GKLVO).
4.2 Based on appearance and manufacturing accuracy, sheets are divided into two groups: A and B.
4.3 According to their shape, the longitudinal edges of the sheets are divided into types shown in Figures 1-5.
Figure 1 - Straight edge (PC)
_____________________
Figure 2 - Edge thinned on the front side (UK)
Figure 3 - Semicircular edge on the front side (PLC)
_____________________
* Dimensions are given as a guide and are not considered a defect.
Figure 4 - Semicircular edge and thinned on the front side (PLUK)
Figure 5 - Rounded edge (RC)
4.4 The nominal dimensions of the sheets are given in Table 1. The maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions should not be more than those indicated in Table 2.
Table 1
In millimeters
Indicator name | Meaning |
2000 - 4000 in increments of 50 |
|
Width | |
Thickness | 6,5; 8,0; 9,5; 12,5; 14,0; 16,0; 18,0; 20,0; 24,0 |
Note - By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, sheets of other nominal sizes can be manufactured. Maximum deviations must correspond to those given in Table 2.
table 2
In millimeters
Sheet thickness | Maximum deviations from nominal dimensions for sheets of the group |
|||||
by lenght | in width | by thickness | in width | by thickness |
||
Up to 16 incl. | ||||||
4.5 Sheets must have a rectangular shape in plan. Deviation from squareness should not be more than 3 mm for sheets of group A and 8 mm for sheets of group B.
4.6 The symbol for sheets must consist of:
- letter designation of the type of sheets - according to 4.1;
- designations of a group of sheets - according to 4.2;
- designations of the type of longitudinal edges of sheets - according to 4.3;
- numbers indicating the nominal length, width and thickness of the sheet in millimeters;
- designations of this standard.
An example of a symbol for a conventional plasterboard sheet of group A with edges thinned on the front side, 3000 mm long, 1200 mm wide and 12.5 mm thick:
GKL-A-UK-3000120012.5 GOST 6266-97
or
GKL-A-UK-12.512003000 GOST 6266-97.
5 Technical requirements
Sheets must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regulations approved by the manufacturer.
5.1 Appearance
For sheets of group A, damage to corners and longitudinal edges is not allowed.
For sheets of group B, damage to corners and longitudinal edges (minor defects), the dimensions and number of which exceed the values given in Table 3, is not allowed.
Table 3
Indicator name | Value for one sheet, no more |
Damage to corners: | |
Length of the longest leg, mm | |
Number, pcs. | |
Damage to longitudinal edges: | |
Length, mm | |
Depth, mm | |
Number, pcs. |
The number of sheets with minor defects should not be more than two of the number of sheets selected for control.
5.2 Characteristics
5.2.1 The weight of 1 m of sheets (surface density) must correspond to that indicated in Table 4.
Table 4
In kilograms per square meter
Weight of 1 m sheets of type |
|||
No more than 1.00 | Not less than 0.80 and not more than 1.06 |
||
The value of the nominal sheet thickness according to table 1 |
|||
5.2.2 The adhesion of the gypsum core to the cardboard must be stronger than the adhesion of the cardboard layers.
5.2.3 The breaking load when testing sheets for bending strength at a constant span (350 mm) must be no less than that indicated in Table 5.
The deviation of the minimum value of the breaking load of an individual sample from the requirements of Table 5 should not be more than 10%.
Table 5
Sheet thickness, mm | ||
longitudinal | transverse |
|
The strength of sheets is assessed according to 5.2.3 if the manufacturer does not have control means to assess the breaking load and deflection according to 5.2.4.
5.2.4 The breaking load when testing sheets for bending strength with a variable span (40, where is the nominal thickness of the sheet in millimeters) and deflection must correspond to those indicated in Table 6.
Table 6
Sheet thickness, mm | Breaking load, N (kgf), not less for samples | Deflection, mm, no more for samples |
||
longitudinal | transverse | longitudinal | transverse |
|
Up to 10.0 incl. | ||||
St.10.0 to 18.0 incl. | ||||
* The maximum deflection value for an individual sample is indicated in parentheses |
||||
The deviation of the minimum value of the breaking load of an individual sample from the requirements of Table 6 should not be more than 10%.
5.2.5 Water absorption of GKLV and GKLVO sheets should not be more than 10%.
5.2.6 The resistance of GKLO and GKLVO sheets to open flame must be at least 20 minutes.
5.2.7 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in plasterboard sheets should not exceed 370 Bq/kg.
5.3 Marking
5.3.1 Sheets are marked on the back side of each product with indelible paint using stencils, stamps or another method that ensures the required quality of marking.
The marking must be clear and contain:
- trademark and/or name of the manufacturer;
- symbol sheets, except for designating a group of sheets according to 4.2.
The inscriptions must be made on sheets:
- GKL and GKLV - in blue;
- GKLO and GKLVO - in red.
5.3.2 Transport packages of sheets are marked using labels attached to the package in any way that ensures its safety during transportation.
The label must indicate:
- name of the manufacturer and (or) its trademark;
- symbol of sheets;
- batch number and date of manufacture;
- number of sheets in square meters and (or) in pieces;
- service stamp technical control.
5.3.3 Each package must have transport markings in accordance with GOST 14192, and handling signs must be applied to it: “Fragile. Caution” and “Keep away from moisture.”
6 Fire technical characteristics
Gypsum plasterboard sheets GKL, GKLV, GKLO and GKLVO belong to the flammability group G1 according to GOST 30244, to the flammability group B3 according to GOST 30402, to the smoke-generating ability group D1 according to GOST 12.1.044, to the toxicity group T1 according to GOST 12.1.044.
The assignment of plasterboard sheets to a higher (less fire hazardous) flammability group can be carried out based on the test results of a specific manufacturer's products.
7 Acceptance rules
7.1 Each batch of sheets must be accepted by the manufacturer’s technical control service in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
7.2 Sheets are accepted in batches. The batch must consist of sheets of the same type, group, type of longitudinal edges and sizes, manufactured using the same technology and from the same materials.
The volume of a batch of sheets is set in an amount not exceeding the shift output of the production line.
7.3 Acceptance control is carried out by conducting acceptance tests according to the following indicators:
- appearance;
- shape and size;
- weight 1 m;
- breaking load when testing sheets for bending strength;
- adhesion of the gypsum core to the cardboard;
- water absorption (for GKLV and GKLVO sheets).
7.4 The manufacturer must conduct periodic tests of GKLO and GKLVO sheets for resistance to open flame at least once a quarter and every time when technological parameters of production and raw materials change. Three sheets are selected from a batch for testing.
If unsatisfactory test results are obtained, you should proceed to control the resistance to open flame of each batch of products.
If positive test results are obtained from five successive batches, they proceed again to periodic testing.
The test results apply to all supplied lots until the next periodic tests are carried out.
7.5 Fire-technical characteristics are determined when products are put into production, as well as in the event of changes in the composition of products that may lead to changes in fire-technical characteristics.
7.6 The value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in plasterboard sheets is taken to be the value in the gypsum binder (gypsum stone) used for the manufacture of sheets. This value is established on the basis of the supplier’s document on the quality of the gypsum binder (gypsum stone).
In the absence of data on the value in the gypsum binder (gypsum stone) used, tests of sheets for this indicator should be carried out at least once a year in accredited testing laboratories and each time the supplier of the binder (gypsum stone) is changed.
7.7 To carry out control, sheets are selected at random from different places in the batch.
7.8 For the manufacturer to carry out acceptance tests, five sheets are selected from the batch.
Selected sheets are checked for compliance with standard requirements in terms of appearance, shape and size. In case of positive control results, three sheets out of the five tested are used to control the remaining indicators.
The batch is accepted if all sheets selected for control meet the requirements of this standard in terms of the indicators specified in 7.3.
If unsatisfactory control results are obtained for at least one of the indicators specified in 7.3, repeat tests are carried out for this indicator, for which a double number of sheets are selected from the same batch.
If the results of repeated tests satisfy the requirements of this standard, then the batch is accepted; if they do not satisfy, then the batch is not subject to acceptance.
7.9 If a batch of sheets does not comply with the requirements of this standard in appearance, shape and size, it is allowed to be re-presented for control after sorting.
7.10 A batch of gypsum plasterboard sheets (GKLVO), which does not meet the requirements of this standard for resistance to open flame, can be accepted as a batch of gypsum plasterboard sheets (GKLV), if in all other respects it meets the requirements of this standard for the specified sheets.
7.11 A batch of gypsum plasterboard sheets (GKLVO) that does not meet the requirements of this standard for water absorption can be accepted as a batch of gypsum plasterboard sheets (GKLO), if in all other respects it meets the requirements of this standard for the specified sheets.
7.12 In the cases provided for in 7.10 and 7.11, the product must be relabeled to ensure compliance with its requirements of 5.3.1; this must be indicated in the accompanying document.
7.13 When testing sheets by the consumer, inspection control and certification tests, the sample size and assessment of control results are carried out in accordance with the requirements of section 7.
7.14 The manufacturer must accompany each batch (part of a batch) of sheets with a quality document indicating:
- name of the manufacturer and his address;
- name and symbol of the sheets;
- batch number, date of manufacture;
- number of sheets in pieces and (or) square meters;
- stamp and signature of the head of the technical control service.
8 Control methods
8.1 Appearance control
8.1.1 The presence (absence) of minor defects is checked visually.
Measurements of minor defects are carried out with a ruler in accordance with GOST 427, with a caliper with a depth gauge in accordance with GOST 166 using a square in accordance with GOST 3749.
Damage to the corners of the sheet is measured along the length of the longest leg with a ruler using a square. A square is applied to each damaged corner of the product, restoring its shape, and the distance from the inner vertex of the square to the damage boundary of the corresponding side of the sheet is measured.
The length of damage to the longitudinal edges of the sheet is measured with a ruler or caliper.
The depth of damage to the longitudinal edges of the sheet is measured with a caliper with a depth gauge using a ruler at the point of greatest damage.
8.1.2 Compliance of marking with the requirements of the standard is checked visually.
The marking is considered to satisfy the requirements of this standard if it includes all the information required by the standard and the possibility of challenging its content is excluded.
8.2 Control of size and shape
8.2.1 Controls
Metal tape measure with a division value of no more than 1 mm according to GOST 7502.
Metal ruler according to GOST 427.
Thickness gauge according to GOST 11358 or caliper according to GOST 166.
It is allowed to use other measuring instruments whose error is not lower than the requirements of this standard.
The error of the measuring instruments should not be more than: ±0.1 mm - when measuring thickness, ±1.0 mm - when measuring other sheet sizes.
8.2.2 Taking measurements
8.2.2.1 The length and width of the sheet are measured with a tape measure at a distance of (65 ± 5) mm from the corresponding edges and in the middle of the sheet; the measurement location can be shifted from the middle of the corresponding side of the sheet by no more than 30 mm.
8.2.2.2 The thickness of the sheet is measured with a thickness gauge (vernier caliper) along each end edge in three places: at a distance of (65±5) mm from the longitudinal edges and in the middle of the end edge; the measurement location can be shifted from the middle of the end edge by no more than 30 mm.
8.2.2.3 Deviation from squareness is determined by the difference in the lengths of the diagonals.
The length of each diagonal is measured once with a tape measure.
8.2.3 Processing results
8.2.3.1 When measuring the length, width and diagonals of a sheet, the reading of the measuring instrument is rounded to 1 mm.
When measuring sheet thickness, the reading of the measuring instrument is rounded to 0.1 mm.
8.2.3.2 When measuring the length, width and thickness of a sheet, the result of each measurement must comply with the requirements of section 4.
8.2.3.3 Deviation from squareness is calculated from the difference in the lengths of the measured diagonals. The obtained result must meet the requirements of 4.5.
8.3 Determination of the mass of 1 square meter of sheet (surface density)
8.3 Determination of the mass of 1 m of sheet (surface density)
8.3.1 Controls
Laboratory drying cabinet with perforated shelves, allowing you to automatically maintain the temperature within (40-45) °C.
GOST 24104, average accuracy class.
Ruler according to GOST 427.
Tape measure according to GOST 7502.
8.3.2 Samples
Tests are carried out on samples prepared in accordance with 8.4.1.3 or 8.4.2.3 and intended to determine the breaking load after testing in accordance with 8.3.3.
8.3.3 Test performance
The samples are dried at a temperature of (41±1) °C for 24 hours and weighed. The samples then continue to dry to constant weight. The mass is considered constant if the differences between the results of two consecutive weighings do not exceed 0.1%. The drying time between two successive weighings must be at least 2 hours.
When conducting tests, the manufacturer is allowed to reduce the initial drying time to 2 hours if the condition of constant mass of the samples is met.
Next, the samples are cooled under conditions that exclude exposure to moisture and weighed, the result is rounded to 0.01 kg. After weighing, measure the length and width of the sample, rounding the result to the nearest 1 mm.
8.3.4 Processing results
The mass of 1 m of sheet, kg/m, is calculated using the formula
where is the mass of the sample dried to constant weight, kg;
- sample length, m;
- sample width, m.
The calculation result is rounded to 0.1 kg/m.
The mass of 1 m of a batch of sheets is taken as the arithmetic mean of the test results of all samples.
8.4 Determination of breaking load and deflection of sheets
8.4.1 Determination of the breaking load when testing specimens at a constant span
8.4.1.1 The essence of the method is to destroy the sample with a concentrated load applied in the middle of the span according to a single-span pattern.
8.4.1.2 Controls
A device of any design that provides the ability to apply a load according to the scheme shown in Figure 6, with a load increase rate of 15-20 N/s (1.5-2.0 kgf/s), and has a device that allows you to measure the breaking load with an error of not more than 2%.
Figure 6 - Scheme of testing samples for bending strength at a constant span
The supports and the part transmitting the load at the point of contact with the sample must have cylindrical shape radius from 5 to 10 mm; the length of the supports and parts must be no less than the width of the sample.
8.4.1.3 Sample preparation
From each sheet selected for control, one longitudinal and one transverse sample with a length of (450 ± 5) mm and a width of (150 ± 5) mm are cut out. Samples are cut at a distance of at least 100 mm from the edges of the sheet at the opposite ends of any of its diagonals. The samples are marked (longitudinal or transverse) and dried according to 8.3.3.
Specimens are tested in accordance with 8.3.3 and then used for tests in 8.4.1.4.
8.4.1.4 Test performance
Longitudinal samples are placed face down on supports, and transverse samples are placed with the back side down. The load is increased at a speed of 15-20 N/s (1.5-2.0 kgf/s) until the sample fails.
8.4.1.5 Processing results
The test result is rounded to 1 N (0.1 kgf).
The breaking load of a batch of sheets is taken as the arithmetic mean value of the test results of three longitudinal and three transverse samples separately, and the test result of each individual sample must comply with the requirements of 5.2.3.
8.4.2 Determination of breaking load and deflection when testing specimens with variable span
8.4.2.1 The essence of the method is to create bending stresses in a sample tested according to a single-span scheme, with a load applied in the middle of the span, at specified loading levels, by measuring the deflection of the sample in the middle of the span, and then bringing the sample to failure.
8.4.2.2 Controls
A device of any design that provides the ability to apply and measure load according to a given pattern, with a load application rate of 15-20 N/s (1.5-2.0 kgf/s) to the required values, withstand this load for a specified time and have a device , allowing you to measure the breaking load with an error of no more than 2% and the deflection of the sample in the middle of the span at given loads with an accuracy of 0.01 mm.
Supports and part transmitting the load - according to 8.4.1.2.
8.4.2.3 Sample preparation
From each sheet selected for control, one transverse and one longitudinal sample is cut out with a width of (400 ± 5) mm and a length of [(40 + 100) ± 5] mm, where is the nominal thickness of the sheet in millimeters. Samples are cut at a distance of at least 100 mm from the edges of the sheet at the opposite ends of any of its diagonals. The samples are marked (longitudinal or transverse) and dried according to 8.3.3.
Specimens are tested in accordance with 8.3.3 and then used for tests in 8.4.2.4.
8.4.2.4 Test performance
Set the span - the distance between the supports - depending on the nominal thickness of the test sample. Span = 40, where is the nominal sheet thickness in millimeters.
Longitudinal samples are placed face down on supports, and transverse samples are placed with the back side down.
An initial load of 50 N (5.0 kgf) is applied to the sample placed on supports, it is held under this load for 1 minute and the deflection is measured at the middle of the span. Then the load is increased at a speed of 15-20 N/s (1.5-2.0 kgf/s) to a value of 100 N (10 kgf). The sample is held under this load for 1 min and the deflection is measured at the middle of the span. Then the load is increased at the same rate until the sample fails.
8.4.2.5 Processing results
The result of measuring the load is rounded to 1 N (0.1 kgf), deflection - to 0.1 mm.
The deflection of the sample, measured under a load of 50 N (5 kgf), is taken as zero.
The difference between the sample deflection value under a load of 100 N (10 kgf) and a load of 50 N (5 kgf) is calculated, the resulting value is taken as the result of the sample deflection.
The breaking load of a batch of sheets is taken as the arithmetic mean value of the test results of three longitudinal and three transverse samples separately, and the test result of each individual sample must comply with the requirements of 5.2.4.
The deflection value of a batch of sheets is taken as the arithmetic mean value of the test results of three longitudinal and three transverse samples separately, and the test result of each individual sample must comply with the requirements of 5.2.4.
8.5 Determination of the adhesion strength of the gypsum core to the cardboard
8.5.1 Controls
A knife with a pointed end.
8.5.2 Test performance
At any point along the length of each sheet selected for control, two cardboard cuts are made, intersecting each other at an angle of approximately 30°, with a length of at least 100 mm to intersect. Cardboard cuts are made from the front and back sides of the sheet to the gypsum core. At the intersection of the cuts, the acute-angled part of the cardboard is lifted with a knife and manually torn off from the sheet in a vertical direction. The strength of its adhesion to the gypsum core is assessed by the nature of the cardboard’s separation.
The result of each test shall comply with the requirements of 5.2.2.
8.6 Determination of water absorption of sheets
8.6.1 Controls
Drying cabinet with perforated shelves, allowing you to automatically maintain the temperature within (40-45) °C.
Technical laboratory scales according to GOST 24104.
Water container.
8.6.2 Sample preparation
From each sheet selected for control, one square sample with a side length of (300 ± 5) mm is cut at a distance of at least 100 mm from the edges of the sheet.
8.6.3 Test performance
To carry out the test, use tap water, the temperature of which should be (20±2) °C.
The sample is dried to constant weight at a temperature of (41 ± 1) °C in accordance with 8.3.3. Dried samples, after cooling under conditions that exclude exposure to moisture, are weighed and placed for 2 hours in water in a horizontal position on pads, and the water level must be at least 50 mm above the samples. Before weighing water-saturated samples, drops of water present on its surface are removed from each sample.
Weighing of each sample must be completed no later than 5 minutes after removing it from the water.
8.6.4 Processing results
Weighing results are rounded to the nearest 10 g.
Water absorption,%, is calculated using the formula
where is the mass of the sample dried to constant weight, g;
Weight of sample saturated with water, g.
The calculation result is rounded to 1%.
The water absorption of a batch of sheets is taken as the arithmetic mean of the test results of all samples.
8.7 Determination of sheet resistance to open flame
8.7.1 Controls
A schematic diagram of the installation for testing samples for resistance to open flame on both sides is shown in Figure 7 and includes two gas-burners 30 mm in diameter, a frame with a pin for suspending the sample, two thermocouples and a device for suspending the load from the sample. The burners should be located coaxially in the center of the sample, perpendicular to its surface at a distance of 45 mm from it. Thermocouples are placed at a distance of 5 mm from the surface of the sample and at the level of the upper cut of the burner outlet.
The installation must be equipped with shut-off valves to regulate the gas supply (propane).
8.7.2 Sample preparation
From each sheet selected for control, two longitudinal samples with a length of (300 ± 0.5) mm and a width of (50 ± 0.5) mm are cut with a fine-toothed saw, taking into account the requirements of 8.4.1.3. Along the centerline of the samples, at a distance of 25 mm from the transverse edges, two through holes with a diameter of 4 mm are drilled to hang the sample on the frame of the testing apparatus and the load.
1 - burner; 2 - frame; 3 - thermocouple; 4 - device for hanging cargo; 5 - sample
Figure 7 - Installation diagram for testing samples for resistance to open flame on both sides
8.7.3 Test performance
The sample is suspended from a frame pin. A load is movably suspended from the bottom of the sample, the mass of which in grams corresponds to a value equal to 80, where is the value of the nominal thickness of the test sample according to Table 1. After installing the burners and thermocouples in the desired position, both burners are simultaneously lit, at the temperature at which the test is carried out , must reach the value (800±30) °C no later than 3 minutes from the start of the test. Fire exposure continues until the sample is destroyed. The resistance of a sample to open flame on both sides is measured in minutes.
The result of each test shall comply with the requirements of 5.2.6.
8.8 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides is determined according to GOST 30108.
9 Transportation and storage
9.1 Sheets are transported by all modes of transport in accordance with the Rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport and the requirements of other documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
9.2 Sheets are transported in packaged form.
Transport packages are formed from sheets of the same type, group, type of longitudinal edges and sizes using pallets or linings, which are made from wood, plasterboard sheets and other materials. Steel tape in accordance with GOST 3560 or synthetic tape is used as strapping. Transport bags can also be packed in polyethylene shrink film in accordance with GOST 25951. The number of strappings, their cross-section, dimensions of pads and pallets are established by technological regulations.
By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to transport sheets unpackaged (without strapping or packaging in film).
9.3 The dimensions of the packages should not exceed 4100 mm in length, 1300 mm in width, 800 mm in height; The weight of the package should not be more than 3000 kg.
9.4 When transported in open railway and road vehicles, packages must be protected from moisture.
9.5 Sheets should be stored in rooms with dry and normal humidity conditions, separately by type and size.
9.6 Storage of sheets by the manufacturer must be carried out in accordance with 9.5 and technological regulations approved in the prescribed manner, in compliance with safety requirements and product safety.
9.7 Transport packages of sheets when stored at the consumer can be stacked on top of each other in accordance with safety regulations. In this case, the total height of the stack should not exceed 3.5 m.
9.8 During loading and unloading, transport, storage and other work, impacts on the sheets are not allowed.
10 Directions for use
10.1 When using sheets, you should follow project documentation, approved in the prescribed manner.
10.2 GKL and GKLO plasterboard sheets are used in buildings and premises with dry and normal humidity conditions in accordance with current standards for construction heating engineering.
10.3 Gypsum plasterboard sheets GKLV and GKLVO are used in buildings and premises with dry, normal, wet and wet humidity conditions in accordance with current standards for building heating engineering.
When using GKLV and GKLVO sheets in buildings and rooms with damp and wet conditions, they should be protected from the front surface with waterproof primers, putties, paints, ceramic tiles or PVC coverings. These premises should provide exhaust ventilation, providing standard air exchange in accordance with current building codes for heating, ventilation and air conditioning, residential buildings, public buildings and structures, administrative and service buildings.
10.4 It is advisable to use GKLO and GKLVO sheets for cladding structures in order to increase their fire resistance limit in rooms with increased fire hazard.
APPENDIX A (mandatory). Terms and Definitions
APPENDIX A
(required)
Plasterboard sheets- sheet products consisting of a fireproof gypsum core, all planes of which, except for the end edges, are lined with cardboard firmly glued to the core
Regular plasterboard sheets (GKL)- plasterboard sheets, used primarily for interior decoration of buildings and premises with dry and normal humidity conditions
Moisture-resistant plasterboard sheets (GKLV)- plasterboard sheets with reduced water absorption (less than 10%) and increased resistance to moisture penetration
Plasterboard sheets with increased resistance to open flame (GKLO)- plasterboard sheets, which are more resistant to fire than ordinary ones
Moisture-resistant plasterboard sheets with increased resistance to open flame (GKLVO)- plasterboard sheets that have both the properties of gypsum board and gypsum board sheets
Longitudinal edge of plasterboard sheet- side edge lined with cardboard along the length of the sheet
Longitudinal sample of plasterboard sheet- a sample cut from a sheet, the direction of its length coincides with the length of the sheet
Cross section of plasterboard sheet- a sample cut from a sheet, the direction of its length coincides with the width of the sheet
Damage to corners and edges of plasterboard sheets- chipping (dents) of corners and edges together with cardboard or only one gypsum core
Minor defect- a defect that does not significantly affect the intended use of the product and its durability (GOST 15467) Heating, ventilation and air conditioning Residential buildings Public buildings and structures
Administrative and service buildings
Electronic document text
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
M.: Gosstroy of Russia, State Unitary Enterprise TsPP, 1999
The German company Knauf is rightfully considered the standard among European manufacturers of building materials. One of the most popular areas of the company is the production of finishing materials, including drywall.
In this article we'll talk about moisture-resistant Knauf drywall, its main characteristics and scope of application. We will describe the features of wall finishing with plasterboard sheets and give step by step instructions performing installation work.
Production and composition of moisture-resistant plasterboard Knauf
The Knauf company has its representative offices in 40 countries around the world, and the number of enterprises of this corporation exceeds 200. The company has developed and produces four types of plasterboard sheets: regular (GKL), with increased fire resistance (GKLO), moisture-resistant (GKLV) and fire-resistant moisture resistant (GKLVO). Moisture-resistant drywall contains fungicidal and hydrophobic additives, which give the material the necessary stability and allow the material to be used in wet areas.
According to generally accepted markings, the color of cardboard on the back and front sides of gypsum boards is green.
Following from the title building material, drywall is made from cardboard and gypsum. However, to form the sheet and give it additional functions Drywall contains glue and various additives that improve the technical characteristics of the material.
Knauf moisture-resistant plasterboard has the following composition:
- cardboard - sheets 1250 by 1180 mm wide;
- gypsum - powder 85%;
- starch - 70%;
- glue (polyvinyl acetate emulsion);
- foaming agent;
- hydroresistant, antifungal and impregnated solutions for treating plasterboard.
For the production of drywall, not one machine is used, but a specialized automatic line. It includes a number of machines that perform different functions: kneading, dosing and supplying components, forming gypsum boards, drying, cutting and packaging. A line for the production of plasterboard sheets costs from 120 thousand dollars.
The entire production process can be divided into several stages:
- Formation of gypsum mass, mixing with fillers and additives.
- The gypsum mixture is automatically placed between sheets of cardboard, which are fed by a separate installation.
- Gluing layers and folding edges.
- Drying and cutting pressed fabric.
- Packaging of finished products.
Moisture-resistant drywall is subjected to additional processing. Antifungal compounds protect the material from the spread of mold, which can appear in a poorly ventilated or damp room. The waterproofing solution does not allow moisture to penetrate deep into the material, and impregnated impregnation reduces the rate of moisture absorption. This dispersion creates a kind of balance of moisture levels inside and outside the material.
Moisture-resistant drywall absorbs 90% less moisture than regular drywall
Technical characteristics and properties of GKLV Knauf
Let's look at the main technical characteristics of moisture-resistant plasterboard Knauf:
Performance properties of moisture-resistant plasterboard:
- Environmentally safe material. When used, it does not emit toxic substances hazardous to the human body.
- Increases the sound and heat insulation of the room, making living conditions more comfortable.
- Able to maintain the natural level of humidity in the room - absorbs excess moisture or releases moisture in dry air.
- The acidity level of the finishing material corresponds to the acidity level of the human body - this balance ensures a favorable atmosphere in the room.
Based on the number of permissible defects per product area, moisture-resistant drywall is divided into two categories “A” and “B”. For cladding it is better to choose sheets of group “A”; for hidden work you can use more cheap material- sheets of category “B”.
Scope of application of moisture-resistant plasterboard
The characteristics of Knauf moisture-resistant plasterboard allow the material to be used when performing various repairs. construction work. You can use it to create a lightweight interior partition, suspended ceiling, various functional and decorative designs, used for cladding and leveling walls in rooms with high levels of humidity: swimming pool, sauna, shower, bathroom, toilet and others.
Moisture-resistant plasterboard is suitable as passive fire protection for various structures located in “wet” rooms. GKLV can be used not only for internal, but also for external construction work. Moisture-resistant panels, unlike ordinary ones, can be washed.
When choosing between regular and moisture-resistant plasterboard, for example, for a kitchen, preference should be given to the second option. The difference in the cost of the material will be insignificant, and the service life of the structure will be moisture resistant sheets it will be longer
Methods for installing drywall sheets
Installation of Knauf drywall is carried out using one of the following methods.
Frame method used on walls with significant unevenness, to create a decorative structure or interior partition. In this case, plasterboard slabs are mounted on a metal sheathing made of galvanized profiles. The frame itself is attached to the wall with self-tapping screws and dowels.
Important! Moisture-resistant plasterboard cannot be mounted on wooden sheathing, if the structure will be used in a damp room
To create the sheathing use metal profiles different sizes:
- W - profile bigger size, intended for the manufacture of a general wall frame;
- D - for creating internal sheathing with subsequent fastening of plasterboard panels.
Each standard size has a U-shaped guide profile with smooth surface(UW, UD) and support profile with ribbed walls (CW, CD).
When leveling walls, the second method of installing drywall is often used - on adhesive base . It is much simpler and faster than the wireframe method. Glue is applied to the plasterboard sheets, and the slab is pressed tightly against the prepared wall surface.
On walls with unevenness up to 4 mm, plasterboard sheets can be mounted using putty, for example KNAUF Fugenfüller. If the walls have unevenness of 4-20 mm, then gypsum cortan must be “planted” with Perlfix type glue.
Installation technology for moisture-resistant plasterboard
Frame method
Let's consider the procedure for performing work when installing drywall on a frame:
Installation of gypsum boards with glue
Despite the simplicity of the technology, installation of drywall sheets with glue must be carried out following a certain algorithm:
Advice. Drywall sheets must lie for at least two days on the floor in the room so that after installation the sheathing does not become deformed
After completing the work, you need to let the glue harden completely (2-3 days), glue the seams with reinforcing tape and putty them. From bottom clearance remove the wedges and fill the space with silicone or acrylic-based sealant.
Transportation and storage conditions
Drywall is transported in packaged form. In vehicles, packages with material are installed on pads or pallets made of wood. For tying, you can use synthetic or steel tape.
If it is necessary to transport small volumes, drywall can be transported without special packaging. If finishing material is transported in open transport, it must be covered. plastic film for protection from rain or snow.
During unloading and loading operations, impacts on plasterboard sheets are not allowed.
It is advisable to store drywall in a dry room with normal humidity levels. Packages with material can be stacked on top of each other, but the total height of the stack should be no more than 3.5 meters.
