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Very often people have to make an extension to their house. The reason may be the need to increase space, but simple redevelopment does not solve this problem, and you have to expand. Or the house was initially inconveniently designed - for example, with the “box” that was previously adopted by architects, which today is completely out of date, because complex projects are in fashion these days. Perhaps the early construction did not take into account the “wind rose”, so it was necessary to make additional protective structure in the form of a garage, veranda or workshop.
In general, there are many reasons why people decide to interfere with the integrity of their home. At the same time, very often it is necessary to remodel wooden housing - especially if it is an old housing stock. Let's look at how an extension is made to wooden house and how realistic it is to build it with your own hands.
Not an addition, but a full-fledged part!
It is important to understand that an extension is not at all an add-on to the main building, as the name might suggest. She's the same important element the entire structure. Structurally connected with it and subsequently influencing the entire viability of the house. If this is not taken into account, problems with the stability of the entire house may arise in the future. Not to mention the fact that the appearance of the house may be ruined. Therefore, do not try to save money on good foundation, a well-thought-out project - these flaws will come out after an increase in the cost of maintaining the house, an increase in heat loss and many other surprises. And, of course, you need to coordinate construction projects and obtain all the necessary permits.
The foundation is the basis in every sense
No matter what kind of extension construction you start, you cannot do without a foundation. Since the extension is a structurally independent structure, it is also advisable to carry out its construction in two steps to make the foundation, and after a year, when it has settled down and shrinks, continue the construction of everything else. This will help to avoid deformation changes in the structure and, therefore, prevent the occurrence of cracks and other defects.
The foundation is always built taking into account the terrain, soil, and the weight of the house and extension. It may be U-shaped adjacent to the house, or it may not be connected to it at all (this also happens when they decide to build a fourth wall in an extension).
Concerning wooden house, then the foundation of the extension requires special attention. Depending on the choice of material for the extension and on the method of docking it to the house, the foundation base can be either tied to the house with reinforcement or separated from it expansion joints- so that parts of the house different in materials sit independently and do not lead to the corners of the house.
Frame-based extension
The frame extension fits organically into the design of the house
The construction of an extension to a wooden house can be started from any wall material. However, preferable to others in terms of price-quality ratio would be an extension frame technology. It will not require a complex foundation and heavy walls. At the same time, the shrinkage of such a structure is minimal; finishing can be done quickly and construction can be completed. At the same time, it is quite possible to do such work with your own hands. By the way, the frame construction method involves more thin walls extensions without reducing thermal conductivity, so the building is smaller, and the living area itself is larger.
The foundation with such material is sufficient without deepening; it is easy to make with your own hands, for example, strip or tiled. Lays on top of it waterproofing material- roofing felt.
The important point is compliance general style main building. After all, if an old house built from timber or logs, then making and installing an extension from a completely identical material will not be easy both from a technical and material point of view. But it is possible to sheathe a frame extension with a material that imitates the walls of a house. In this case, it will be possible to repeat the cuts, the ends, and other structural elements.
To attach an extension to a wooden house, racks-bars are attached to the walls of the house; wall cladding elements will subsequently be nailed to them. The frame itself can be made with your own hands according to the diagram below.
Stages of work:
- Lay the perimeter of the strapping with timber at least 15 cm. Use the same timber or board to set corner posts using a level.
- Make the top trim from edged boards. Secure the boards to the top frame with self-tapping screws.
- Insulate the walls with expanded polystyrene, polystyrene foam or mineral wool.
- Lay hydro- and vapor barriers, also securing them with self-tapping screws.
- Sew up the insulation OSB boards, plywood, plasterboard, etc.
Extension using frame-timber technology
An extension to a house made of timber can be used as part of the house
In general, these are all variants of the frame method. In this case, the frame is also a load-bearing part, and the cladding is made of glued or profiled timber of small cross-section. The timber simultaneously acts as an external facing material.
At the same time, if everything is done correctly, adding an extension to a wooden house with your own hands will turn out no worse than in the picture about wooden architecture.
The new part may shrink during the first six months, and to prevent distortion from occurring, it is attached to the old building either with metal brackets or special metal corners. Both are not tightly attached to allow the extension to “play” a little as the timber shrinks.
The connection of two foundations occurs best when both foundations are made using the same method - if using a strip method, then they are fastened with reinforcement. If everything is connected correctly, the extension will be securely attached to the main building, despite the movement of the ground.
Extension made of foam concrete
Foam blocks during construction allow the developer to take advantage of additional architectural opportunities
This material has advantages - it is light, warm, and easy to build with. But at the same time, foam concrete is fragile and subject to deformation. Cladding work cannot be postponed until the next season, so as not to burst the seams, and the quality of the blocks often causes criticism.
Another point is that the heterogeneity of the materials of the extension and the house can lead to displacement from the effects of weather and other factors. Therefore, if you intend to build from foam concrete, then the best option will not connect them, but lay a layer of mineral wool between them, which will then be sewn up with any suitable material.
The same method should be followed with a brick extension. By the way, brick, as well as foam blocks during construction, allow the developer to take advantage of additional architectural opportunities.
Using metal frames for extensions
Metal frames are suitable for the construction of low-rise private housing
Modern manufacturers have recently introduced a new offer - strong and durable metal frames. They are applicable for the construction of low-rise private housing or an extension is needed.
However, compared to frame method this method is more expensive and more difficult. Therefore, private developers are still increasingly resorting to reliable wooden frames.
A frame wooden extension is the easiest way to increase the size of your home and get additional usable area. This is one of the most common options, since it is erected quickly, construction requires a minimum of effort, and as a result you can get a completely strong, durable and warm structure. Device frame extension to the house with your own hands is not a very expensive process, so it is quite possible to do without the involvement of professionals.
Materials for building an extension and necessary calculations
A frame wooden extension, as the name implies, is built on a frame - a wooden “skeleton” made of timber, to which the insulation and outer skin. Such an extension can be attached to the front of the house, it can be either open or closed. However, it can be turned into an additional room in the side of the building, and a separate exit from the house can be arranged so that, for example, you can quickly go out to the garden.
The construction of a frame extension to a house with your own hands begins with the design and selection of materials: for construction you will need timber with a section of 150x150 mm, boards for horizontal lintels, insulation material, OSB boards for external and interior lining frame. The extension will require finishing: for internal space You can use plasterboard; the outside can be finished in accordance with the overall design of the building. OSB boards can be plastered or a ventilated facade can be equipped with installation external insulation and covering with clapboard, siding or other materials.
How to make a frame extension? When making calculations, you need to take into account the following information:
- Distance between vertical posts should be 1 cm less than the width of the insulation boards. If you choose for insulation mineral wool 60 cm wide, the pitch of the racks should be 59 cm.
- The horizontal jumpers of the frame are also calculated depending on the size of the insulation boards. If the height of the sheet is 1 m, then the distance between the jumpers is 99 cm. The thickness of the insulation is middle lane Russia should be 15 cm, then in the extension there will be comfortable temperature in any season.
- It is necessary to calculate the location of doors and windows. For door and window boxes use boards 150x50 mm.
Main stages of construction
Having calculated the size and location of the extension, you can proceed directly to construction. Required area near the house is cleared and leveled, everything unnecessary needs to be removed from it.
Needs to be arranged reliable foundation: for a frame extension, a columnar option is most often chosen, although a strip base is sometimes used. The depth of the shallow foundation is 70 cm.
If selected columnar foundation, for it you need to prepare square-shaped pits with a side of 50 cm. A layer of sand and crushed stone is poured onto the bottom and compacted; you also need to install formwork to create the base part. The reinforcing metal frame is laid and the base is poured concrete mortar, it must be given time to dry completely.
The duration of the process depends on air humidity; at first it is necessary to water top part water so that the concrete dries evenly and does not crack. When the base is ready, the formwork is dismantled, and you can proceed to the construction of the frame. A do-it-yourself frame extension is built as follows:
You can build frame extensions to a house with your own hands in a matter of days, and this is one of the main advantages of such construction. The room can be quite large, so the additional usable space can be used as desired.
Insulation and finishing of frame extension
Frame extensions to a wooden house will require full finishing, and in regions with cold climates it is necessary additional insulation. Finishing materials are selected depending on appearance main house: for wood construction The most common option is a ventilated facade with external cladding made of siding or block house. To insulate the extension, you can use polystyrene foam, mineral wool, polyurethane foam and other materials.
To build a ventilated façade, a vertical sheathing is placed on the walls, with insulation placed between the uprights. It should be positioned as tightly as possible, otherwise each crack will become a “bridge of cold.” Each insulation board is attached to the wall in several places with special dowels with mushroom-shaped caps.
The insulation is closed from the outside waterproofing membrane, after that the second layer of sheathing is filled. The external cladding is attached to it, after which the extension will take on a finished look.
The floor also needs to be insulated, otherwise the building will lose a large amount of heat through it. Skull blocks are attached to the floor beams, on which rough boards are laid. They are covered with a layer of waterproofing, and insulating material is laid between the joists.
It is covered with a second layer of waterproofing, after which the finished floor is laid. It can be leveled with sheets of plywood, after which parquet is laid, parquet board, laminate or other type of flooring.
Insulating the ceiling involves laying insulation between the rafters, which are hemmed on the underside with boards. The ceiling can be simply painted, or modern tension or suspended coverings can be installed.
The interior decoration of the walls can also be very varied, it depends on how the extension is intended to be used. In a wooden house, most often the maximum environmentally friendly materials, such as lining or cork panels, but you can use regular plasterboard sheet. Drywall can be covered with wallpaper or another finishing material can be chosen.
Options for using a frame extension
The extension can be not only closed. It can be used as summer veranda, in this case, insulation and completely closed walls are not required.
Such a room will allow you to communicate with nature and spend time on fresh air without leaving home, so she will become profitable solution for the dacha. There are several other options for using the extension:
- Rest zone. The room can be turned into a hobby room for which there is no place in the main house. This could be a mini-workshop, sewing room, etc.
- Winter Garden. If you build a glazed frame extension and bring water into the room, it can be turned into a real mini-greenhouse.
- In old houses, the extension room is often equipped with a bathroom, which was not included in the main design. In this case, it will be necessary to carry out work on waterproofing the floor, connecting water supply and sewerage. Ceramic tiles are most often used as wall and floor coverings.
You can build an extension with your own hands and completely finish it in one season. This work is quite possible home handyman, you can also involve one or more assistants.
One of the advantages of living in the private sector is the opportunity self-construction in my own way own project– you can build a house of any size (of course, within the available area land plot) and then, if necessary, increase it in size. If the strength of the foundation allows, the house can be increased in height or, conversely, increased in length or width - so to speak, make an extension to it, which will be discussed in this article. Together with the site, we will look at the materials and technologies that will allow us to independently solve the question of how to make an extension to the house? And we’ll start by studying materials, where we’ll figure out which materials are best used and under what circumstances.
How to make an extension to a house with your own hands photo
How to make an extension to a house: choosing materials
In general, there is one iron rule that is better not to break. It sounds like this: what the house is built from is what you need to make an extension to it from. At least that's how it used to be, when choice building materials and technology was limited to brick, other blocks and clay. Today, during advanced technological progress, things are a little different - there are technologies that make it possible to violate this rule, and rudely. Nowadays you can easily attach a brick building to a wooden house, cover it with the same material and get a solid-looking structure. In general, it is not at all necessary to become attached to the old building in terms of material.
Now, in more detail about the most popular materials, with which you can quite simply solve the question of how to make an extension to the house with your own hands?
- Blocks of various formats and bricks. There is no point in dividing them into separate subgroups, since the technology for their use is, in general, the same type - a foundation is erected, on which the walls of the extension are laid block by block, brick by brick. The only point that distinguishes this whole matter is the properties and qualities of the materials - this is important, and it is imperative to take them into account when choosing materials. Let's start with the classics - . Strong, durable material - considering it is quite expensive. Moreover, the brick is enough cold material, which will additionally have to be insulated, and this will add to the cost of the extension. In addition, this material requires a solid foundation. In this regard, it looks much more attractive - its price is a couple of times lower, the blocks are larger and the material itself is much warmer. Where the brick will need to be laid out in three rows, it is enough to lay the cinder block in two rows. Aerated concrete looks even more attractive - it is lightweight, and the question of how to properly build an extension to a house can be solved even on a shallow (0.5 meter) foundation. Moreover, it is very warm and porous material, which, with a thickness of 200 mm, is capable of effectively retaining heat in rooms. After plastering, it acquires very decent strength, which makes the structure reliable. In principle, you can consider other block materials - for example, shell rock is often used; it has shown good results in terms of preserving heat in rooms (popularly called sawdust concrete).
How to make an extension to a house photo
- . Today, this is the most optimal option not only for extensions, but also for the construction of private houses in general - the essence of this technology is the production of wooden and metal frame followed by covering it like this sheet material, How . Insulation is placed inside the frame, which makes the structure very warm. By and large, this is now the cheapest technology, which, among other things, boasts simplicity and a very fast pace of construction. The only thing that a frame extension cannot boast of is its durability. Although, who knows - with proper technology and proper care, it can last for about a century. We’ll talk a little further about how to make a frame extension to a house.
In addition to the options described above, you can consider the technology of building an extension using the monolithic concreting method. Moreover, real heavy concrete for these purposes it is not necessary to use - the best option In such a case, the so-called cinder concrete may turn out to be. Slag houses are very warm in winter and cool in summer - they are durable and can last for a very long time.
How to properly make the foundation of an extension to a house: features
The main problem in making the foundation of an extension is connecting the new and old foundations. If it is done incorrectly or not done at all, then no matter how you join the walls of two separate buildings, a crack will still appear at the place where they join. Moreover, end-to-end, with all the ensuing consequences - heat loss, condensation formation and, as a consequence, the appearance of fungus and mold in this place. In general, it’s not very pleasant. That is why special attention must be paid to the following points.
In principle, these three nuances will be quite enough to reliably connect two foundations together. Alternatively, if, of course, you can get to the bottom of the base existing house, the extensions can be added a little under it.
How to make an extension to a brick house: nuances of joining walls
Dock to brick or any other block house frame structure not a problem at all - vertical beam wooden frame or the profile of the metal frame of the building is simply attached to the wall of the building using anchors and that’s it! There are practically no nuances here - except perhaps maintaining the vertical level of this beam and sealing the joint. Last operation produced either using polyurethane foam, or by means of the so-called PSUL tape (pre-compressed sealing tape).
How to make an extension to brick house photo
Another thing is joining a brick or block building with a similar house. Here things are somewhat more complicated, and you cannot do without special embedded parts or ligaments. Provide reliable connection walls without ligating the blocks is possible only by driving iron embedded parts every 4-5 rows of blocks. Holes are drilled in the wall of the existing building (two, one on each side of the block at a distance of 3 cm from the edge) - reinforcement is driven into them, which should protrude from the wall of the house by at least 30 cm. When it fits new block, the cement will reliably connect the two walls into a single whole product. As an option, again, you can use a hammer drill to make potholes, which, when paired with reinforcement, will ensure a reliable connection between the two block walls.
How to make an extension to a wooden house photo
And in conclusion to the topic of how to make an extension to a house, a few words about connecting walls with block or brick extension. This combination of buildings is also common, and it would be useful to know how they are connected. In fact, you will have to make a metal girth for the blocks - it is attached to the wall of a wooden house using powerful screws and is some kind of channel, into which the block or Brick wall. By and large, this is the same option that is used to join wooden extension to a brick house, only exactly the opposite.
When for some reason there is a need to increase living space country house, then the simplest and at the same time economical way to do this is to build a frame extension to the house. Its main advantage is that it can be erected independently in a minimum amount of time and no serious skills in using carpentry tools are required.
In order for the building to turn out not only useful, but also beautiful, it is best to familiarize yourself in advance with how it should be built.
Purpose of the extension
To avoid transformation of the extension in the future, it is advisable to carefully consider all the details of the structure being built during planning. First of all, it is important to decide what special purpose DIY extensions to the house.
The first and most common option is additional room. In fact, building another room according to the scheme will be similar to building a house with a small area. The main thing is not to forget to properly insulate each of the structures of the new building so that the heating of the room is effective and in the future simply avoid heat loss.
This is not the moment on which you can save, as well as on insulating the foundation and implementing waterproofing, since otherwise mold will form on the walls and dampness will make it simply impossible to stay in the room for a short time.
The second option is a bathroom or kitchen area. Having looked at the photo of the extension to the house, you probably already realized that in this case the main thing is to provide all the necessary engineering Communication before the construction of the foundation begins.
It is also necessary to thoroughly insulate the places where the sewer and water pipes through the foundation. Important point: in order to save money Money, it is better to carry out all the work during construction.
Another popular extension option is a veranda. She may be open type or glazed. Most often used for recreation in the summer. Due to the fact that the building is usually not additionally heated, the structure is quite easy to construct.
All that is needed is a roof on supports, as well as a deck with walls. When building a veranda important point is that it must necessarily be combined in size, materials used for construction and style with the house.
What material to choose for the walls of the extension?
When thinking about how to make an extension, you first need to think about what materials will be used for the walls. With panel or frame technology, as a rule, this is a sandwich:
- Wind protection, that is, external waterproofing film
- Stone wool or polystyrene foam placed between OSB sheets
- Vapor barrier membrane for internal protection
If you are interested expensive ways, then you can make masonry from any lightweight blocks. It can be foam or aerated concrete. When purchasing foam concrete blocks for a developer without any construction experience, it is worth considering that this material has its own characteristics:
Firstly, in almost 90% of cases, even walls made today will be covered with the most expensive foam concrete in the future big amount small cracks.
Secondly, all facades will need to be plastered using pre-selected compounds directly along the grid.
When choosing walls from various foamed concrete, it is worth paying attention to the fact that for any roofing materials, such as ceramic / slate tiles, they are all not strong enough. For this reason perfect option to cover the building - this is corrugated sheeting or ondulin.
Extension made from high-quality SIP panels
Today one of the most budget options self-construction is an extension to a house made from popular SIP panels, which standard sizes. During construction, a number of nuances should be taken into account.
All screw piles with a wooden grillage, that is, the timber is always fixed in specially designated heads using large nails.
It is stipulated that all communications must be removed inside the panels, that is, wiring engineering systems hidden type here.
Due to the fact that the roof and ceiling sheathing is made of the same material, an equal resource is provided for all load-bearing structures.
There are no cold bridges, which guarantees rational arrangement of everything thermal circuit in the future extension.
Since this material is described as self-supporting and structural, the timber that is used to perform their mandatory joining does not serve as the load-bearing frame of the house. It will be possible to achieve the strength and absolute rigidity of the completed structure only after installing the last of the panels.
In conclusion, it is worth noting that extensions consisting of several floors are rarely found, so homemade scaffolding As a rule, a minimum amount of lumber is consumed.
And finally, an important point: it is better to legalize the extension to your house in advance in order to avoid unwanted dismantling in the future if the decision of the relevant authorities suddenly turns out to be not positive.
Photo of the extension to the house
