The optimal diameter of a rounded log for a bathhouse. What diameter of rounded logs for the house should I choose? Minimum log diameter for home
Choosing the thickness of a log for a bath - important stage design and construction, affecting many aspects. Firstly, it depends on whether you can use the steam room in winter time or only in the summer. Secondly, the diameter of the log directly affects the cost of construction. Thirdly, the aesthetics of the building depends on the choice of material. Let's look at all these nuances in more detail.
Criteria for choosing logs for a bath
So, you should choose the diameter of the logs for building a bathhouse based on the following criteria:
- seasonality of operation;
- dimensions of the building;
- budget.
The first point affects the choice of material the most, so you should focus your attention on it especially. The size of the bath is a purely individual criterion. The building can be either small (4x4 m) or very large. And the diameter of the log house plays an important role here. And finally, the budget is, as a rule, far from flexible, and quite often forces you to sacrifice something.
Seasonality of bathhouse operation and maximum frosts
Let's go from simple to complex. First, let's deal with the case when a bathhouse is being built, for example, at a dacha, which you visit only in warm weather. season, since there is no home for permanent residence(or for other reasons). For summer use, the choice of log diameter is not very important, and in most cases it is based only on available funds and common sense. A 150-mm frame, and an even less thick one, will be sufficient. This will not reduce the pleasure of taking bath procedures in any way. But the budget is different.
It’s another matter if the bathhouse is planned not only for summer, but also for cold winters. In this case, you need to focus, first of all, on local climatic conditions. The simplest method is to select the thickness of the log according to the minimum low air temperature. For example, if frosts in winter are no more than -20°C, then for the construction of an all-season baths will do log with a diameter from 180 mm to 200 mm. Accordingly, if the temperature drops below, then it is worth considering options with logs from 200 mm to 240 mm.
In general, a log with a diameter of 200 mm is considered in central Russia to be the golden mean for the construction of baths. It should be remembered that this, after all, is not a residential building, and the requirements for thermal insulation properties here are not so high. Therefore, looking towards logs 36-50 cm thick is not particularly worth it. Although there are exceptions to this rule.
Bath dimensions
In some cases, the log is selected not only taking into account local frosts, but also according to the size of the building itself. And there are several reasons for this.
Firstly, a large two-story bathhouse with all kinds of zones and functional rooms it will not look entirely harmonious if it is built from too thin a log. For such buildings you should take thicker logs. And not only from an aesthetic point of view.
This will be secondly - a large building has significant weight and puts corresponding loads on load-bearing walls with a foundation. In order for the building to be reliable, not to sag or begin to fall apart over the coming years, the logs for its construction need to be selected thicker.
Budget for the construction of a bathhouse
What should those who simply do not have enough money for a log of sufficient diameter do? There are several simple and painless ways out of this situation. The first is to reduce the size of the project by removing unnecessary areas from it, and also optimize the space to the maximum. So you can build a warm sauna from a log required diameter, which can be used all year round.
The second way out is to use modern technologies. Be sure to seal the joints between logs with special sealants. If we look at the question from this side, then no one has canceled the laying of insulation under interior lining, especially since in the steam room you will have to do this anyway.
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Wood is one of the most common building materials on earth, dating back centuries. Houses, bathhouses, churches are built from wood, luxury cottages and temporary buildings are erected. The ubiquity and availability of wood provide this material with increased attractiveness in the eyes of developers.
Our portal has already described in detail, and. We continue the series of articles that we started.
So, from our material you will learn:
- How to build warm and comfortable logs.
- How to calculate required thickness walls
- What features should you pay attention to when choosing the width of the groove?
- What types of felling are there?
- What nuances do you need to know before starting construction? log house.
Calculation of the thickness of the walls of the log house and the diameter of the log
Will it be warm in a wooden house if the diameter of the logs is 25, 30, 35 or more cm? This is one of the main questions that any developer who plans to build a house from debarked or rounded logs should ask himself. Agree that it is unreasonable if it later turns out that the thickness of the walls is not enough to comfortably survive the harsh winter. Insulating the house from the outside or from the inside is also not an option: all the aesthetics of the log will be lost. It remains to heat intensely log house and increase energy costs or calculate in advance the sufficient thickness of the walls in relation to the region of residence.
In one of our previous articles, we already described in detail for a stone house. At first glance, it seems that making a calculation for a log house is simple - you need to find out the required normalized thermal resistance of the walls (R) of your region of residence. To do this, we find this data on the Internet. For example, for simplified calculation(for Moscow and the Moscow region) take R = 3.0 (m²*°C)/W.
Now we need to find out the actual value of the thermal resistance of a wall made of logs of a certain diameter. After which we will be able to find out (based on calculations) whether the heat transfer resistance meets the standards. To do this you need to use the following formula:
R= d/λ, where:
d - material thickness;
λ is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material W/(m °C).
This is where the first pitfall lies. The thermal conductivity coefficient of wood (λ) is presented in the following table:
As you can see, it contains three values. Which one should you take, and what do “normal” and “wet” conditions mean?
Hermes-sz User FORUMHOUSE
The thermal conductivity coefficient of a material (including insulation) largely depends on its humidity. And the operational humidity of the material depends on the climate zone and the mode of use of the room.
For example, the thermal conductivity of pine and spruce (dry) across the fibers ( thermal energy from a wooden house goes outside across a log ) is 0.09 W/(m °C). At normal conditions operation (A) and during operation in a humid zone (B), the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material increases and amounts to 0.14-0.18 W/(m °C).
If the material is waterlogged, its thermal conductivity coefficient increases and the thermal resistance of the structure decreases. That's why, for an approximate calculation, Let's take the following value: wall material - pine, thermal conductivity coefficient of the material (average value under normal operating conditions) - 0.15 W/(m °C).
Most often, the thermal conductivity coefficient of materials and insulation materials is indicated in a dry state, i.e. obtained from laboratory tests that differ from actual operating conditions. This must be remembered when making independent calculation.
So, we figured out the thermal conductivity coefficient of wood. All that remains is to select the thickness of the wall for which the calculation is required. And here lies the second pitfall. The logs are stacked on top of each other, i.e. there is a groove. Moreover, depending on the diameter of the log (D), the customer’s requirements, the width of the groove (H) changes, and therefore the actual width of this unit in relation to the thickness of the log. This relationship is shown in the following figure.
It can be seen that with the same log diameter, depending on design features junction of logs, the width of the groove may vary. Therefore, it is impossible to simply substitute the thickness of the selected log into the above formula. Need some common denominator, which can be used for calculations. To solve this problem, we will use the experience of a user of our portal with the nickname zaletchik.
zaletchik User FORUMHOUSE
I want to live in log house. There is no gas on the site, and there is no prospect of it. Region of residence - Moscow region. This means that the issue of reducing heating costs is urgent. I plan to heat the house with a boiler running on diesel fuel. These input data forced me to study the thermophysical properties of the log house.
At first zaletchik calculated thermal characteristics by calculating the average thickness of the enclosing structure. This approach was not entirely correct, because heat loss was considered directly proportional to the thickness of the wall. As a result of brainstorming and communication with FORUMHOUSE users, zaletchik made a more correct calculation.
zaletchik
To correctly calculate the thermal conductivity of the walls of a log house, I calculated the thickness of a log house made of timber, which has the same thermal insulation properties, as a log house made of logs of a certain diameter (D).
Leaving the details of the calculations, which can be found in the topic, outside the scope of the article, we will immediately move on to the obtained coefficients that we need for the calculation.
For different meaningsε (H/D ratio of groove thickness to log diameter) the corresponding values of μ (Heff*D ratio of beam thickness to log diameter, having the same heat-conducting properties). The results are summarized in a table.
For clarity, consider the following example. Let's say the diameter of the log used in the construction of the log house is 45 cm. The width of the groove is 23 cm. Hence: ε = 23/45 = 0.5. Now we find in the table the value of μ corresponding to the resulting figure. This is 0.83. Next, we find the thickness of a wall made of timber in relation to the diameter of a log that has the same heat-conducting properties: 0.83 * 45 = 37.4 cm. Convert to meters - 0.374 m.
R = d/λ, where:
d - material thickness;
λ is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material W/(m °C). In our version, pine logs – 0.15 W/(m °C).
R = 0.374/0.15 = 2.49 (m²*°C)/W
Or, you can use this formula:
R = μD/λ, where:
μ - coefficient, taken from the table above;
D is the diameter of the log in m;
λ - thermal conductivity coefficient of wood.
R = 0.83*0.45/0.15 = 2.49 (m²*°C)/W
One of the factors that determines the thermal resistance of walls is the diameter of the log and the type of wood.
Previously, we indicated that for Moscow and the Moscow region R = 3.0 (m²*°C)/W. Based on the result obtained, for walls made of pine logs, R = 2.49 (m²*°C)/W. Those. the wall does not reach the regulated value of thermal resistance. You can increase the diameter of the log or choose another wood - cedar pine. The thermal conductivity coefficient of this material (we leave the diameter of the log and the width of the groove unchanged) is 0.095-0.10 W/(m °C).
We make a calculation.
R = 0.83*0.45/0.10 = 3.74 (m²*°C)/W
That is, the standard for actual heat transfer resistance is exceeded.
You can take a different path and use another formula to find out the required diameter of the log from the ratio: the width of the groove is half the diameter of the log.
D = Rtp*λ/0.83, where:
Rtp – regulated thermal resistance of the wall;
λ - thermal conductivity coefficient of wood;
Let's do the calculation for pine.
D = 3.0*0.15/0.83 = 0.54 m.
Using this technique and “playing” with different values - changing the diameter of the log, the width of the groove, the wood - you can make your own calculation and choose optimal thickness walls of a log house.
zaletchik
My great-grandfather and grandfather were specialists in log building, logging and woodworking. From them I learned about the required groove width of 1/2...2/3 of the log diameter.
Also, the thermal efficiency of a log wall is affected not only by the width of the groove, but also by the profile of the log - its cross-section: round or so-called. half-log, hewn on both sides - carriage. By cutting down the wood, we reduce the thermal resistance of the wall, because... the log in the wall works with its entire section.
Of course the results this simplified calculation approximate. Most of heat loss in the house occurs through windows, ventilation systems, roofing and foundations. Those. warm wooden house is a balanced system where all nodes work in close cooperation and correspond to each other. There is no point in making walls from logs with a diameter of 0.4-0.5 meters and choosing a wide groove, if the house is blown through cracks, A the corners freeze.
Features of felling a log house
To choose best option felling a log house and thereby making it warm, you need to understand what felling options exist and how they differ from each other. First, we need to define such concepts as cutting and crown.
Hermes-sz
A notch is a connection of various wooden parts log house with each other.
With proper cutting, the loads are evenly distributed between the logs. To do this, all contacting parts must fit tightly to each other. Also, moisture should not accumulate in these places, which over time can cause the wood to rot.
Crown- this is a log house consisting of four logs laid in horizontal plane. At the corners the crown is connected with a notch. During the construction of a house, the crowns are stacked on top of each other - a wall is formed.
It should be remembered that the number of crowns depends on the diameter of the log and the width of the groove, which affects the material consumption, and therefore the final price and thermal properties of the log house. For example, to build a wall 3 meters high from a log with a diameter of 25 cm and 40 cm, you will need different quantities crowns When building a house from logs of larger diameter, the number of cuts, locks, and inter-crown connections is reduced. Those. places that can subsequently be blown out, which will lead to heat loss.
When choosing a log for a log house, it is necessary to maintain a balance between the diameter of the log, its cost (price for the material) and the price for working with such a log.
Masters working with logs large diameter physically more difficult. You may also need to use special equipment - a crane.
In addition, when choosing as building material debarked log, we remember such a parameter as flatness.
Convergence- the difference in the thickness of the log in the ratio of the diameter of the butt and the top. A debarked log that has not undergone machine processing, unlike a rounded log, cannot be completely flat. Its lower part (especially when the log is long) is always thicker than the top. To make the wall even, when building a log house, craftsmen alternate logs of different thicknesses when laying the crowns.
The cutting itself is usually divided into two types:
- Without a trace (in the paw).
- With the remainder (into the bowl).
Chopping without residue, or into a clean corner, involves maximum use of the entire length of the material.
With such cutting, a right angle is obtained, which increases usable area home and reduces log consumption. But based on practical experience, we can say that this type of corner is susceptible to freezing. To avoid this, back in the old days, the corners of a house cut down “in the paw” were sheathed with overhead boards, or, as an option, the house was subsequently lined with bricks. This prevented freezing and blowing through the corners.
Chop with remainder- a more expensive, but also more thermally efficient option. Because the ends of the logs protrude at the corners of the house; this unit is more protected from blowing, rain and freezing.
Leaving all the diversity beyond the scope of this article various types felling, let's focus on key features three main types of log cutting. This:
- Russian cutting;
- Canadian felling;
- Norwegian cutting.
In our country it is traditional wooden houses built from round logs. A semicircular groove is made along the log. The corner lock is made by cutting into the “oblo” into the bowl. The name comes from the word “obly”, i.e. round. The bowl can be positioned down or up.
If the bowl is located downward (cutting the bowl “in the middle”), then such a connection is considered more moisture-resistant, and the log is better preserved.
When choosing this type of cutting, you need to take into account one nuance.
Hermes-sz
The main disadvantage of Russian felling is that the logs dry out differently along and across the grain. As a result, after shrinkage, the logs do not sit tightly enough in the log house.
As the diameter of the log decreases, the shape of the connecting bowls changes. The bowls open up and turn from semicircular to oval. Gaps appear. As a result, the log house has to be caulked again. In addition, open insulation is exposed to adverse atmospheric conditions. It becomes saturated with water, and the logs can begin to rot.
A log house made in Finnish does not have this drawback. The principle is the same as in Russian cutting, except that in this version the inter-crown groove is made of a smaller radius (oval). Thus, the upper log rests on the lower one only with its edges (undercut).
As a result, when the logs shrink, the edges of the inter-crown groove do not open, the logs sit tightly, there are no cracks, and the insulation is not exposed to wind and rain.
Norwegian cutting. It is traditionally believed that a log house in Norwegian is a log carriage, although the main difference is the type of lock.
The difference between a bathhouse and a residential building is its smaller size (although there are exceptions), which leads to a significant reduction in the volume of internal space. This is what allows you to quickly and economically warm up the atmosphere of rooms to high temperature, as well as carry out its independent adjustment in them. Therefore, you should choose the diameter of a rounded log for a bath taking into account certain requirements.
What is the required diameter of a rounded log for a bathhouse?
Depending on the diameter of the rounded log, its scope of application in construction can be as follows:
- up to 18 cm – light summer buildings And interior partitions,
- 18÷22 cm – baths and houses exclusively for use in warm time of the year,
- 24÷28 cm – residential and bath buildings for all-season use,
- more than 28 cm – capital and large-area objects.
An important advantage of a cylindrical log is the constant diameter along its entire length. Thanks to this, the stability of the width of the inter-crown junction is ensured - a characteristic defined by the standards as the equivalent wall thickness. Numerically, it is equal to the log diameter reduced by 2 times, which is needed for a bathhouse (this dependence ensures optimal ratio between the reduction of its actual height and the volume of waste). According to current building standards, the relationship between the width of the crown joint and the minimum external temperature at which a comfortable microclimate is ensured in the premises is as follows:
- 10÷12 cm – up to -20°C,
- 12÷13 cm – up to -30°C,
- 14÷16 cm – up to -40°C.
Thus, the diameter of a log for a bathhouse should not be less than 24 cm if it is built in areas with a minimum winter temperature of at least -30°C and it is intended to be used all year round. In this case, not only will a reliable barrier be created against external cold, but also maximum heat conservation will be ensured, thereby reducing energy costs. If the bathhouse is not used in the winter season, then to cut it it will be enough to use a log with a diameter of even 18 cm.
Dimensions of the bathhouse and the diameter of the rounded log for its construction
The area of the territory on which the bathhouse will be built also influences what diameter of log is best for the bathhouse. For example, on a small summer cottage It is not advisable to build a bulky structure from thick logs. She will take up too much space and will focus attention on herself, not on the house. In such cases, it is better to assemble a log house for a bath from a log with a diameter of 18÷20 cm with additional external insulation, which is not required if the cottage is used only in the warm season. Besides, small sizes(for example, the classic miniature version 3x3 m) allow you to quickly warm up rooms and economically maintain the temperature.
And if the bathhouse consists of several rooms or floors (most often the upper attic), then without good thermal resistance of the walls it is impossible to warm them up. In such cases, it is better to use logs with a diameter of more than 25 cm. Do not forget about the annual check of the density of the inter-crown seams and, if necessary, restore it. This will allow, even using a smaller diameter of the log for the bathhouse than calculated according to calculations, to ensure the required thermal insulation coefficient of the wall.
Advantages of log bathhouses made of thick rounded logs
When using logs with different diameters, log houses built from them will, in addition to thermal properties, vary:
- the required volume of material,
- the cost of one log,
- number of inter-crown joints.
Despite the fact that thicker logs are more expensive, less of them are required in a log house (per unit height). For example, the difference in the volume of purchased material with a diameter of 20 cm and 30 cm is on average 50%. Therefore, the cost of a bathhouse made of thick timber will not be much more, but the comfort of staying in it will be significantly higher.
In proportion to the decrease in the number of crowns in a log house made of thicker logs, the number of joints between them also decreases. This achieves savings when caulking (on the purchase of material and payment for work). Therefore, we can recommend that when deciding what diameter of logs you need for a bathhouse, you should be guided: first of all, by the climatic features in the region, and secondly, by the results of a price analysis of several projects made from materials various sizes(you need to choose the one that will cost the least in construction, operation and maintenance).
11/10/2016Having decided on wall material for the construction of a future bathhouse - with a rounded log, then you need to select it suitable diameter.
Of course, each project is individual based on the needs and goals, but the most common choice falls on log with a diameter of 200 mm.
There are good reasons for the popularity of this diameter:
- Sufficient wall thickness to retain heat. Insulating the walls is not necessary; competent and thorough caulking is more important.
- This diameter “eats” less inner space. Even the most modest-sized bathhouse will be quite spacious.
- Not the largest weight and volume affect the cost of delivery, the speed of assembly of the log house, and lower costs for the foundation.
- Typically, a bathhouse does not require daily heating, unlike a house for permanent residence. Every time in winter it is necessary to heat a frozen log house, which can be done faster with a log of smaller diameter.
- Again, unlike a house, a bathhouse does not need heat accumulation in the walls. The sauna process rarely takes more than a few hours. Heat accumulation in a bathhouse is required not from the walls, but from the design of the stove ( fireclay brick, stones).
- In most cases, the steam room and sink are lined from the inside, so there is no point in having a large diameter log.
- The 200th diameter already looks quite solid and solid, but still saves the budget due to the smaller volume of logs in the log house.
- There are no perfectly straight and even trees in nature. If you adhere to strict requirements, it is not easy to select material for the production of large-diameter logs without any flaws. On the contrary, there is plenty of material for logs of smaller diameter, and therefore prices are often set at a discount.
Price of a rounded log with a moon groove:
Attention! Especially for those who want a log house, but who are embarrassed by the need to wait for significant shrinkage and shrinkage, we produce log houses from our dry rounded logs chamber drying.
| Diameter d, mm |
Volume 1 p.m., m 3 |
Width thermal groove S, mm |
Width jute, mm |
Working height h, mm |
Cost per 1 m 3 (spruce, pine), rub |
|
| Loading is free. |
Are they offering you cheaper? |
|||||
| 180 | 0.0254 | 100 | 100 | 150 | 8900 | |
| 200 | 0.0314 | 100 | 100 | 173 | 8900 | |
| 220 | 0.038 | 110 | 110 | 191 | 9000 | |
| 240 | 0.0452 | 120 | 120 | 208 | 9300 | |
| 260 | 0.0531 | 130 | 130 | 225 | 9100 | |
| 280 | 0.0615 | 140 | 140 | 243 | 9100 | |
| 300 | 0.0707 | 150 | 150 | 260 | 9300 | |
| 320 | 0.0804 | 160 | 160 | 277 | 9300 | |
Rounded log 3rd grade for only 6,500 rubles. per m 3. What is different about the 3rd grade?
Price of a rounded log with a Finnish groove (Finnish profile):
| Diameter d, mm |
Volume 1 p.m., m 3 |
Width thermal groove S, mm |
Working height h, mm |
Cost per 1 m 3 (spruce, pine), rub |
|
| Chamber drying, antiseptic, packaging and screeding services upon request. Loading is free. |
Are they offering you cheaper?
|
||||
| 200 | 0.0314 | 140 | 143 | 9300 | |
| 220 | 0.038 | 152 | 159 | 9400 | |
| 240 | 0.0452 | 174 | 165 | 9700 | |
| 260 | 0.0531 | 186 | 182 | 9500 | |
| 280 | 0.0615 | 186 | 209 | 9500 | |
Price of a rounded log with a tongue-and-groove profile (tongue and groove):
| Diameter d, mm |
Volume 1 p.m., m 3 |
Width thermal groove S, mm |
Working height h, mm |
Cost per 1 m 3 (spruce, pine), rub |
|
| Chamber drying, antiseptic, packaging and screeding services upon request. Loading is free. |
Are they offering you cheaper?
|
||||
| 200 | 0.0314 | 100 | 173 | 9100 | |
| 220 | 0.038 | 110 | 191 | 9200 | |
| 240 | 0.0452 | 120 | 208 | 9500 | |
| 260 | 0.0531 | 130 | 225 | 9300 | |
| 280 | 0.0615 | 140 | 243 | 9300 | |
| 300 | 0.0707 | 150 | 260 | On request | |
| 320 | 0.0804 | 160 | 277 | On request | |
* The price is given taking into account the cutting of a set of rounded logs for the construction of a house or bathhouse according to the project, with each item marked with a unique plastic tag.
**Price subject to change big side depending on the presence of a large amount of production waste, the presence of bowls at an angle of 45° and 60°, the presence of a non-standard groove.
A log house is a traditional bathhouse design used since ancient times. The durability of the structure and the comfort of its operation depend on the correct choice of log diameter. Optimal size lumber should be determined based on a number of factors.
Choosing a log type
At the moment, for the construction of log houses they can be used the following types lumber:
- A simple sanded log, the structures from which have a traditional appearance. The main advantage of the material is the protection of the core due to the preservation of the top layer.
- Planed log has beautiful texture And light shade due to processing hand planes. It is expensive and requires application protective compounds.
- Rounded logs, thanks to the use of special equipment in production, have smooth surface and the same diameter along the entire length. The disadvantages are similar to those of planed lumber.
- Timber with square section has a reasonable price. Structures made from it have smooth smooth walls. The disadvantage is the complexity of assembly, requiring adjustment of each element on the construction site.
Advice! Regardless of the type of lumber chosen, it must be treated with special compounds to increase the durability and aesthetic appeal of the structure.
What influences the choice of log diameter?
As a standard, lumber with a size of 20-36 cm is selected for baths. Rounded logs have a 1 cm smaller diameter than unprocessed logs, which are measured together with the bark.
Factors taken into account when choosing lumber:
- Air temperature in the region in winter;
- Frequency of use of the bath;
- Log size;
- Drying technology.
Advice! For construction in central Russia, it is advisable to choose conifers trees grown in northern regions. This material has greater density and less moisture absorption, which, accordingly, increases the service life of the structure.
Dependence winter temperature in the region:
*For middle zone the cross-section should be within 22-30 cm.
For one-story bathhouse on a summer cottage, used exclusively in summer, logs with a diameter of 18-20 cm are sufficient. The construction does not require the construction of a powerful foundation and can be erected with one’s own hands. Such a building warms up quickly, but retains heat for a short time.
A bathhouse for year-round use is built from logs with a diameter of at least 24 cm. The foundation requires a monolithic or massive strip foundation.
Important! When using large-diameter lumber for construction, it is necessary to involve assistants or special equipment.
It is more difficult to warm up a two-story bathhouse or a building with an attic, so to reduce heat loss and increase bearing capacity walls, they are built from logs with a diameter of at least 25 cm.
Wood drying technology affects its moisture content, which determines the degree of shrinkage of the structure, which is:
- Natural moisture lumber obtained manual chopping- minimum 15 cm;
- Winter forest and natural drying - no less than 4-6 cm;
- Rounded chamber-drying log - 3 cm.
This parameter must be taken into account when designing the height of the building and calculating the amount of wood required.
Logs must be free from insects and mechanical damage. You should choose straight trunks without curvature that have the smallest discrepancy in end diameters - up to 3 cm. For lumber over 3 meters in length, a permissible deviation of 1 cm per 1 is accepted. linear meter.
Important! The complexity of the work, as well as the cost of the log house, is directly proportional to the thickness of the logs - the thicker it is, the more difficult it is to carry out construction and the more expensive it will cost.
Self-harvesting logs:
- Self-cutting of forests is carried out in winter, when the wood has a moisture content of up to 10-12% - this ensures minimal shrinkage of the building and makes it possible to use material with a smaller cross-section.
- When choosing trunks, 1 cm is added to the calculated diameter of the logs for subsequent processing.
- When using an electric or chainsaw, it must be taken into account that after using these tools, the treated surface becomes significantly tousled, as a result of which it is more susceptible to rotting. To prevent this, craftsmen recommend not to reach the marking of 5-10 mm, to cut down the wood between pre-made cross-cuts and to do the finishing hew with an axe.
- For construction, freshly cut logs are used, which are easier to process. After drying in a laid frame, such wood is less deformed and cracks.
- After removing the bark, the lumber is stacked, placing bars between the layers to organize air circulation. Logs are stored under a canopy or covered with moisture-proof material, which also protects from direct sun rays. Drying lasts two weeks, after which the felling of the log house begins. Overdried wood is difficult to process.
- To reduce cracking of logs on the facades in each of them from the opposite longitudinal groove cuts are made on the side. Their depth should be up to ¼ of the diameter of the lumber. These cuts are designed to compensate for internal stresses arising during the processes of wetting and drying under the influence of atmospheric factors, and, as a result, to prevent the occurrence of cracks.
Proper selection and harvesting of timber for construction allows you to obtain a durable, warm and aesthetically attractive bathhouse.
