Chinese rose - growing conditions and signs about the flower. Chinese rose - care at home Chinese rose indoors how to care
Hibiscus or Chinese rose is unique plant. The variety of its species has found its application not only in decorating the interior of a home, but also in everyday life: they are used in cooking, used in making clothes, dyes and tools are made from them, used as medicine, etc. For example, from Sudanese rose , one of the varieties of the plant, produces hibiscus tea, famous all over the world for its taste and beneficial properties. And in the Hawaiian Islands the Chinese rose is considered national symbol, which is called “a flower for beautiful women" In Brazil and India, many generations of women have traditionally been decorated with flowers of this plant. He is also the patron saint of couples and beautiful women. In this article you can find information on how to grow this plant at home, as well as learn about the rules for caring for it.
Hibiscus (Hibiscus) belongs to the mallow family. This family is quite numerous and includes approximately 300 species. It contains trees, shrubs, perennials and annuals. You can often find another name - Chinese rose (rosan).
The homeland of the Chinese rose has not been precisely determined, but a number of scientists attribute its origin to China. The indoor plant usually reaches a height of 1.5-1.8 m and has large, deep green leaves with serrated edges. But the most remarkable thing about it is the flowers. They come in large sizes, delicate, slightly velvety petals and a variety of colors and shades - from soft pink to purple-red.
Hibiscus is commonly called the ideal indoor flower. Since it is quite unpretentious, and does not require any special arrangements for watering, fertilizing, etc. But you should know some rules for caring for it so that it is healthy, strong and delights with its flowering as often as possible.
Caring for hibiscus (Chinese rose) at home
As already noted, hibiscus is quite easy to care for, and even a novice flower lover will be able to create the minimum conditions required for its normal growth.
Watering and fertilizing
The intensity of watering will depend on the specific species. If it is a tree or shrub, then the watering regime will be such that the surface of the soil in the pot becomes dry between waterings. For herbaceous species provide more intensive watering to keep the soil moist at all times. During dormancy, the death of the above-ground part of the plant, watering is practically stopped, avoiding complete drying of the soil. To water Chinese roses, use soft, not cold, and settled water. In the hot season, the intensity of watering is slightly increased, and in winter it is reduced.
During intensive growth of hibiscus, fertilizing is carried out at the rate of 1 serving per 3 weeks. For feeding, complex fertilizing compositions suitable for different types indoor plants, with a small amount of nitrogen. Since excess nitrogen triggers abundant growth of the bush, slowing down flowering. During the winter season, fertilizing is not carried out.
Soil features
It is better to choose soil for Chinese roses that is nutritious, light and neutral. You can use ready-made soil mixtures for begonias and roses, or prepare the substrate yourself. To do this, mix leaf, turf and humus soils and coarse sand in proportions 3: 4: 1: 1. You can include a small amount of charcoal in the soil, which prevents the appearance of rot. It is also necessary to ensure thorough drainage so that the water does not stagnate after watering.
Illumination
This point should be given special attention, since hibiscus loves light very much. The light level should be 3000-3900 lux. If there is insufficient light, it stops blooming. The ideal placement would be windows facing west or east. During the cold period with a lack natural light, you need to organize additional lighting, otherwise the bush will stretch out and be weak.
Temperature and humidity
During the cold period, it is necessary to ensure that the room temperature does not fall below +10 degrees, the optimal would be +14 +16. In the hot season +18 +22 degrees. The rose does not require any special features in maintaining air humidity, and can grow well in the dry air of urban housing.
Transplantation and propagation
As a rule, Chinese roses are not replanted, but transshipped. This applies to both the acquired plant and the overgrown old one. New flower After purchase, leave it for a while to get used to the new place; after a week, you can start replanting. An adult bush requires replanting every 3-4 seasons, usually spring is chosen. If the hibiscus is healthy and not infected with pests or diseases, then it is better to carry out the transshipment process. To do this, take it out of the pot and, having replaced part of the soil, transfer it to a new pot with high-quality drainage, adding the required amount of soil.
To carry out the propagation process, seeds or cuttings are used. The seeds are placed in sand and peat soil in the middle of winter, covered with glass on top. For good germination, seeds are soaked for 12 hours in any stimulant. After 2-3 leaves appear, the sprouts are transplanted into separate containers.
To form cuttings for planting, use the upper shoots with 2-3 internodes. A cut of the cutting can be dipped in a growth stimulator, then buried in soil made from a mixture of sand and peat. The shoots give roots well, after a month a fairly strong plant develops. root system. You can pinch a young twig a little so that the bush grows well.
What pests and diseases should you be wary of?
The most common problem would be a rose being infested with spider mites. At the initial stage, it is necessary to treat with a special chemical preparation (Aktelik, Fitoverm, Neoron and others). Infestation by aphids, whiteflies or thrips is also possible. The fight against these pests will be similar.
The appearance of hibiscus diseases is usually provoked by improper care:
- the presence of abundant green mass and the absence of flowers may indicate an excess of fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizer or insufficient lighting;
- the falling of buds that have not yet opened indicates insufficient feeding, lighting or watering, as well as exposure to low temperature;
- if the leaves turn yellow and do not fall off, this may be caused by the appearance of chlorosis due to watering with hard water with a high content of chlorine and calcium;
- yellowing of young leaves and falling of the lower ones can be caused by waterlogging of the soil and low temperatures;
- complete death of shoots autumn period for some types herbaceous hibiscus is the norm, they will appear again by spring;
- lethargy of leaves in dry soil indicates a lack of watering.
Read more about diseases and pests.
Tips for caring for indoor flowers.
Dracaena and caring for it at home
What is an indoor rose tree and how to care for it
The indoor rose tree is also called hibiscus. There are two main varieties - Chinese rose and Bengal rose. These amazing plants have been famous for their beauty and benefits since ancient times. Therefore, many gardeners prefer to grow them at home. Such tree roses are considered rather unpretentious house plants compared to other species of the Malvaceae family.
The indoor rose, or hibiscus, is very popular among gardeners, as it is quite unpretentious in care.
Soil and fertilizers
Particular attention should be paid to preparing the soil for the rose and applying fertilizers. This indoor plant likes the soil to be quite nutritious and loose. Therefore, it is recommended not to buy universal soil for flowers, but to prepare it yourself.
So, if you plan to plant an already formed plant, then you need to take sand, humus and clay-turf soil in a ratio of 1:1:2, respectively. It is in this mixture that the rose will feel good. But to increase the level of nutrients, many experts advise periodically adding high-quality bone meal to the soil. This will contribute to the formation of strong branches and leaves and will partially protect the plant from diseases.
A slightly different substrate should be used for small hibiscus seedlings. You need to take humus, sand and ordinary soil from the garden in approximately equal proportions. Add a little peat to the mixture so that the soil retains moisture well. This substrate will contribute to the rapid formation of a healthy root system.
Hibiscus loves loose and nutritious soil.
It is useful to add large vermiculite to the soil mixture for indoor roses. This is an environmentally friendly substance that can be bought in almost any store; it is capable of excellent moisture retention. This will protect the plant from drying out if there is not enough water, and will also prevent the roots from rotting if there is too much water.
Special attention should be paid to fertilizing. The indoor rose needs them regularly. This is especially true for adults flowering plants. It is best to start feeding the flower in the spring in mid-March. Before the onset of the first cold weather, mineral fertilizers should be added to the soil in small portions every 2 weeks. Sometimes you can alternate them with a universal fertilizer or a special composition for flowering indoor plants.
In winter, the rose also needs to be fed. But this should be done only once a month, using phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. In this case, you can use both liquid and dry fertilizers for fertilizing, sold in the form of small sticks that simply go deeper into the soil.
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Watering, lighting and temperature
It is important to create indoor hibiscus good conditions in terms of lighting and watering. The indoor rose is considered a very moisture-loving plant. And in warm time It needs to be watered quite often, almost every day. This is especially true for plants located in a sunny place indoors.
To prevent stagnation of water in the pot, you should take care of drainage in advance, for which it is convenient to use large river pebbles or ordinary expanded clay.
Hibiscus or Chinese rose. Care and maintenance
The drainage layer depends on the size of the pot and the age of the hibiscus - the larger these parameters, the greater the amount of pebbles should be poured onto the bottom.
It is better not to move the hibiscus during flowering.
In winter, hibiscus needs to be watered more moderately. In this case, you should wait until the earthen ball dries completely in between waterings. But you need to constantly loosen the soil so that the ground does not become hard as a rock. At one time, it is necessary to water the plant very well, until water from the container begins to flow into the pan.
Along with watering, you need to spray the rose frequently. In winter it is not necessary to do this; you can completely get by by wiping the leaves from dust. But in the warm season, you should spray the plant with a spray bottle as often as possible. This is especially true blooming roses. It’s just important to try not to get it on the buds and flowers.
It is also necessary to ensure that during spraying the plant is not exposed to direct sunlight, which can cause burns to delicate leaves. Both watering and spraying are best done early in the morning or late in the evening.
Bengal and Chinese roses are considered plants that are unpretentious to ambient temperatures. They tolerate both heat and moderate cold well. Therefore, such roses can be grown both in the sun and in the shade.
But if the plant begins to bloom, then it should be protected from direct sun, otherwise the flowers will quickly fade.
It is very important to provide the plant with complete rest during flowering and try not to move it from place to place. Such stress can lead to partial or complete shedding of buds. It is better to place an indoor rose tree in partial shade before flowering - this way the flowers will delight the household much longer.
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Need for pruning
Proper pruning is one of the important conditions in caring for indoor roses. As a rule, this variety is distinguished by its impressive size even in apartments and residential buildings, if you do not periodically trim growing branches. It is best to prune in the spring.
Young indoor rose trees do not need pruning at first, since their branches do not yet have time to become lignified. But over time, the shoots become stronger, the plant takes on the appearance of a real miniature tree. And by pruning, you can not only reduce the size of the rose, but also give the plant the desired shape.
After trimming the branches, be sure to treat all cut areas with charcoal or powder from black tablets. activated carbon. Then no pathogenic microorganisms will harm the indoor rose if they come into contact with the cuts.
Caring for any type of indoor rose tree is not difficult at all.
This absolutely not capricious plant will feel great in any room. It is only important to make sure that there is enough space around the pot, especially if you want to grow a large rose.
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Title in Russian: Hibiscus
Other name: Chinese rose, flower of love, Chinese rose
Latin name of house plant: Hibiscus
Family to which it belongs: Malvaceae(Malvaceae)
There are 200-300 plant species in the hibiscus genus, but for growing at home, the species is mainly chosen Chinese hibiscus(Hibiscus rosasinensis)
Morphological characteristics of Chinese hibiscus:
Grows hibiscus in wild conditions rain forests of China.
Hibiscus- an evergreen tree or shrub reaching a height of 2-2.5 m. The trunk of the Chinese rose has dark brown or black bark, young shoots are green, but over time they also acquire a woody color.
The Chinese hibiscus tree has dark green smooth leaves with an alternate arrangement leaves with jagged edge. They are located on long petioles; sticky juice is released on the leaves, which is washed off to avoid a large accumulation of dust on the plant and make it easier for the hibiscus to breathe and photosynthesize.
Flowers hibiscus have a bell shape with a diameter of 10-12 cm, they can have wide range petal colors: from white or pink to burgundy and purple.
Begonia photo
Enlarge photo
Chinese rose care:
Unpretentious plant in relation to lighting: can grow both in shade and under bright sun. It is not advisable to move it from place to place (hibiscus may drop its buds).
In summer, flowers are kept at a temperature of 20-25 ° C, in autumn and winter - up to 12-16 ° C.
Water abundantly especially in summer - immediately after the soil in the pot dries out (3-5 times a week), and in hot weather it must be sprayed. In winter, watering hibiscus is reduced and watered 1-2 days after the soil dries.
Chinese hibiscus is propagated by cuttings in July-August; for this purpose, young branches with 3 internodes are cut off. The lowest leaf is torn off and stuck into a moist soil substrate.
Chinese rose at a young age transplanted every year, and for an adult plant - once every 5 years. It is better to transplant in the month of May.
Flowering period Chinese rose: with early spring until winter. The flower on the tree lasts only 1 day, but new buds appear every day.
For regular flowering, it is necessary to feed the rosana tree weekly. mineral fertilizers And.
Nuances of caring for hibiscus, problems and their solutions
Secrets of growing Chinese rosana at home
When appearing on young plant a huge number of buds, some of them are removed (about a quarter), to avoid them being reset. Because there is a high probability that not a single bud will bloom, and the hibiscus tree will drop them.
!
For crown formation and giving the Chinese rose decorative look, it is cut and pinched annually.
Pruning of branches is done in early spring (March-April) to form a lush crown and to increase the number of side branches on which flower buds are formed.
! If you do not prune, the hibiscus will stretch out and will not bloom.
! Afraid of drafts and sudden temperature changes.
! Major pests- aphids and spider mites. Signs of their appearance: curling and falling of leaves, slow growth, cessation of flowering. Eliminate pests with a soap solution or a cotton swab with this solution, and begin frequent spraying (2-3 times a day).
How to care for Chinese rose at home
Features of caring for hibiscus at home: what to feed, how to care for it in winter?
Chinese rose is a type of hibiscus.
East Asia is considered its homeland. In Haiti, this plant is a symbol of the island.
Thanks to its large bright flowers Hibiscus has become popular among experienced gardeners and amateurs.
The Chinese rose blooms with double, simple single flowers of various colors.
Flowers of varietal plants can combine a varied palette of contrasting shades in the form of specks on the main background, concentric rings and stripes.
There are also varieties with variegated (variegated) foliage.
Chinese rose: care at home - propagation, replanting, pruning
Reproduction methods
Chinese roses are propagated by seeds, cuttings and grafting.
Seed method starts with the right choice seeds You can buy them in specialized stores, from collectors, or pollinate your own plants and wait for the seed pods to ripen. In any case, these will be first generation F1 hybrids. The germination capacity of Chinese rose seeds decreases from the second year of storage. If possible, it is better to use fresh seeds from the current year for planting.
The seed material is soaked before planting in Epin for 10-12 hours, then planted in a peat-sand mixture or in universal primer for indoor plants to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. The bowl with seeds is covered with glass or placed in a mini-greenhouse. Plantings are periodically moistened with a spray bottle and ventilated. Seeds germinate at a temperature of +25-27oC. After 2-3 leaves appear, the seedlings are planted in separate cups. Plants grown from seeds will bloom after 3-4 years of growing season and may not retain the varietal characteristics of the mother plant.
Propagation by cuttings more quick way grow a Chinese rose. For cuttings, choose a semi-lignified branch: green shoots rot easily when rooted, and old woody shoots do not cope well with callus growth. It is better to take for rooting apical cuttings. The optimal length for the cutting is 15 cm. The lower leaves on it are removed, leaving 4-6 upper ones. If the leaves are large (this applies to varietal hibiscus), then they are cut off by ½ or 2/3 of the area to reduce moisture evaporation. The sections are dipped in root formation stimulants (Kornevin, Ukorenit, etc.).
Rooting can be done both in water and in soil, which is a peat-sand mixture or perlite. You can use peat tablets.
Hibiscus cuttings rooted in peat tablets
The seedlings are placed in a mini-greenhouse or covered with bags. When the roots appear, they are transplanted into separate pots with a nutritious soil mixture of humus, turf land, sand or perlite (vermiculite) in a ratio of 2:1:1. At the bottom of the container, it is necessary to pour drainage from expanded clay, crushed polystyrene foam or small pebbles - the Chinese rose does not tolerate stagnant moisture. Young plants are actively growing and stretching. Therefore, to form compact bush, they need to pinch the shoots. At good care flowering can be obtained this year.
The above propagation methods are only suitable for ordinary “grandmother” hibiscus. Many varieties of hibiscus from Holland, Florida, Taiwan, and India do not take root at all. They are grafted onto a rootstock, which is used as a rose.
Grafting varietal hibiscus onto rootstock
Replanting and pruning
The Chinese rose quickly grows its crown, so in order to room conditions to restrain the growth of the plant, adult hibiscus are replanted once every 3-4 years. If the plant is a tub, then only replace top layer soil to fresh. Young hibiscus move annually as the volume of the pot is filled with roots.
Hibiscus is grown as a bush plant or standard forms. To do this, young green shoots are pinched and woody shoots are pruned. Moreover, buds are formed only on the shoots of the current year. The branches are shortened by 2/3 of the length. Cut cuttings are used for rooting.
A Chinese rose can be given the shape of a bush by cutting it off radically and leaving a stump 7-8 cm high. After 3-4 months, young shoots will appear at the base of the stem. This method is good when there is a shortage of space on the windowsill, when there is nowhere to put another pot with a plant.
Chinese rose: care at home - soil, lighting, conditions for flowering
Soil
Nutritious soil with a neutral reaction (pH = 6) is suitable for growing Chinese roses. It is made up of humus, turf or leaf soil and sand (2:1:1). Perlite or vermiculite is added as a leavening agent. When planting, drainage is required, since hibiscus does not like stagnant water in the soil.
Lighting
Hibiscus needs good diffuse lighting. In spring summer period The optimal placement would be on western or eastern windows. On the south side, shading from direct sunlight will be required to avoid leaf burns. In the warm season, the Chinese rose can be sent to “get some fresh air” in the garden, balcony, or terrace. If this is not possible, then you should ventilate the room more often. In the autumn-winter season, to increase the length of daylight hours you will need additional lighting. To do this, use fluorescent lamps, placing them above the plants at a height of 0.5-0.6 m. Thanks to this, hibiscus will bloom even in winter.
Air temperature and humidity
The optimal temperature for Chinese roses is +18-25ºС in summer and 16-18ºС in winter. They can withstand heat (more than +28ºС), but with high humidity (60-70%) and protection from direct rays of the midday sun. Otherwise, in dry air, the malicious pest of hibiscus, the spider mite, begins to multiply en masse. “Chinese women” will be happy with a warm shower and daily spraying.
In the cold season, you need to be careful when ventilating the room - the Chinese rose is afraid of cold drafts.
Chinese rose: care at home - feeding and watering
Hibiscus plants require plenty of watering during active growing and flowering. In autumn and winter, water moderately, 2-3 days after the top layer of soil has dried. Chinese roses do not tolerate a lack of moisture well and begin to shed buds and leaves. Overmoistening may cause root rot and the development of fungal diseases, to which hibiscus is weakly resistant.
Chinese rose is responsive to fertilizing. They begin to be carried out with the beginning of the active growing season (in March-April). Complex fertilizers for flowering indoor plants (Rainbow, Master, Ideal, Terrasol Lux, Pokon, Etisso, etc.) are suitable for this. Good results are obtained by using the drug Baikal-EM1. It contains lactic acid, photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing bacteria that improve high-quality composition soil and as a result of this, the plant’s immunity increases, the number of buds increases and the flowering period extends.
During budding and flowering, hibiscus need an increased dose of phosphorus and potassium, so during this period you should feed the plants with these fertilizers once every 2 weeks.
Important!Fertilizers are applied only after watering the soil, otherwise there will be a chemical burn to the root system!
The main problems when growing Chinese roses at home
Problems when growing Chinese roses appear when not proper care.
Thus, hibiscus begins to “throw” buds when there is a deficiency of nutrients, drying out soil, or low air temperatures.
If a plant does not bloom despite the presence of abundant foliage, this indicates that it is overfed with fertilizers with a high nitrogen content and does not have enough lighting.
Chlorosis (uneven yellowing) of hibiscus leaves occurs when increased content in irrigation water, chlorine and calcium salts, lack of nitrogen and iron, rotting of the root system with abundant watering.
Manifestation of chlorosis on the leaves of Chinese rose
Dry warm air contributes to the rapid reproduction of the main enemy of the Chinese rose - spider mite.
Chinese rose leaf damaged by spider mites
To control populations of this pest, it is important to maintain high humidity indoors: spray the plants more often, give them a warm shower weekly.
The second most common pest of hibiscus is greenhouse whitefly. Adult insects hide on the underside of leaves. Adults develop on sticky feces sooty fungus(looks like a black velvety coating). As a result, damaged leaves turn yellow and dry out prematurely. In addition, whiteflies carry viral diseases (yellow mosaic, leaf curl, etc.). To combat these pests, several treatments are carried out with insecticides of different chemical groups (Aktara, Admiral, Mospilan, Biotlin).
A house should be cozy and beautiful, and what can decorate it better than live plants placed in beautiful pots on the windowsill or tables and cabinets. There are people who like to grow flowers in tubs that look more like small trees.
Not everyone who wants to have indoor flowers in their interior understands how to care for them. But the flower will delight its owners only with proper care.
Therefore, to begin with, you should not purchase plants that are very beautiful, but difficult to care for, whimsical and prone to disease. To begin with, you should start growing plants that do not require special care, and then, having gained experience, choose a plant based on own desires, not ease of care.
The Chinese rose is just the kind of plant that an inexperienced gardener should start with, combining unpretentious care and lush beauty bright colors and greenery.
General characteristics
Chinese rose or hibiscus - unpretentious, not requiring special care rose bush. In the apartment, as a rule, Syrian hibiscus is grown, the flowers of which are most often colored red. But there are also plants with white, purple, yellow and multi-colored, variegated flowers on long stalks that look simply amazing.
The peculiarity of hibiscus is that the flowers open in the morning and remain so until the evening, and close at night. Flower growers love the plant for its long flowering period, from March almost to November, as well as for its simple maintenance conditions.
Hibiscus reproduces by small shoots, and from a very small one a large-scale Chinese rose tree can grow, densely covered with flowers, the buds of which will fall off in a couple of days. But the fallen flowers are quickly replaced by new ones, so one gets the impression of continuous flowering.
The rose bush is grown not only in tubs, because the plant reaches quite large size, but also in flower pots. Flower shops offer customers hybrid varieties Chinese roses, differing from the usual ones by their short stature. On the Internet you can find photos of different types of plants and choose the variety that you like best.
Note: According to the well-known teachings of Feng Shui, a rose blooming with red and pink buds, placed in the bedroom of a married couple, preserves feelings and kindles passion between them.
The color range of ordinary, varietal, and hybrid hibiscus is striking in its diversity and brightness: orange, lemon, bright red, snow-white, juicy yellow single-color or two-color, double or simple flowers adorn the bushes of the plant, leaving no one indifferent.
U simple types Chinese rose flowers are small, but varietal roses can reach twenty centimeters in diameter! Perhaps the only disadvantage of hibiscus can be considered its rather high cost, as well as the complex processes of propagation and cuttings.
Prerequisites
The Chinese rose is a plant that is loyal to almost all conditions; caring for it at home does not take much effort and time. It grows easily on any windowsill, except perhaps one that is too narrow, on which it does not fit well and the crown rests against the glass, which is why it can grow unevenly.
It also does not do well on the south and north sides, with cardinal light. So you need to choose a place for hibiscus so that the light is diffused and variable.
On a south-facing windowsill, bright sunlight can burn flowers and leaves. On the north side, due to the lack and short duration of daylight hours, the plant’s photosynthesis will deteriorate, as a result of which the production of chlorophyll will decrease and the plant will begin to wither, turn pale, and flowering may even stop. After all, the indoor Chinese rose comes from warm places, so in a cold climate and lack of sun it can quickly fade away.
This is interesting: relatives climatic conditions plants are tropical, so it is necessary to create a similar atmosphere for them better growth and abundant flowering.
Hibiscus requires a warm temperature regime, in summer from 25 to 25 degrees above zero is ideal, in winter the temperature should not be less than 12 degrees. A sharp drop in temperature is not necessary for overwintering a Chinese rose; the plant overwinters normally in an apartment with central heating. However, coolness activates the process of laying buds of future flowers.
Important to know: Chinese rose is a lover of fresh air, so ventilate the room regularly, but avoid drafts. The plant is uncomfortable in stuffy rooms. If you have several types of hibiscus growing at home, do not place them next to each other so that they do not oppress each other.
Some people put the flower on the balcony in the summer, and when it gets colder, they return it back to the apartment. Of course, the Chinese rose can also grow in low light conditions; for example, it can often be seen in school or hospital corridors. But in this case there will be no flowers on it, only an abundant green crown.
Care
Despite the unpretentiousness of the plant, there are still some simple rules to care for him. By the way, if you notice spots on the leaves, then the care was not correct.
The first thing to remember is watering. Since hibiscus comes from the tropics, it is very demanding on the water regime.
In summer, it is necessary to water the Chinese rose abundantly, especially in intense heat, since the plant consumes a lot of liquid. In winter, you need to make sure that the soil does not become too dry, but you also don’t need to overwater it so that the water stagnates.
If you do not follow the watering rules, the leaves may fall off the plant, and flowering will stop for a long time. During the spring-autumn period, be sure to spray the hibiscus several times a day; during dry summers, this must be done daily.
In winter, spraying is also necessary, since the system central heating It dries out the air in the apartment, and the plant lacks moisture. Use settled water for both watering and spraying.
In addition to the fact that spraying supplies the plant with the necessary moisture through the leaves, it also helps fight the appearance of some hibiscus pests, such as aphids and spider mites.
Gardener's advice: It is necessary to feed the Chinese rose every two weeks during active flowering, during the rest of the period - at least once a month.
Do not forget to prune the plant in the fall so that the young shoots form flower buds and flowers grow in the spring. And from March to September, feed the Chinese rose with mineral preparations specially designed for flowering plants, alternating with organic matter.
The substances most consumed by hibiscus are copper and iron chelate, potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. Pay attention to their presence when purchasing universal fertilizers, which must be used once a month. They can also be used as foliar feeding.
You need to carefully spray the Chinese rose with nitrogen-containing fertilizers, spraying the solution only on the leaves, without affecting the flowers. Otherwise, they will wither, become stained and turn yellow. A lack of nutrients threatens the plant with yellowing of the foliage and even death.
Transfer
The Chinese rose grows quickly, becoming quite large plant, and therefore requires frequent transplantation into larger pots and tubs.
The growth of a young rose bush must be carefully monitored so as not to miss the moment convenient for replanting. As a rule, this is done after a year or two; adult plants are planted less frequently.
Before replanting the bush, trim the branches to form the desired shape of the plant, and place drainage at the bottom of the pot or tub. Pruning and replanting should be done from late winter to early spring.
Hibiscus is not too picky about the soil in which it will grow, but you can use the following composition:
- 4 parts of turf;
- 3 parts humus;
- 1 part humus;
- 1 part sand.
If the rose is already quite mature, you don’t need to replant it so often, but it is important to renew the top layer of soil by adding nutrients to it .
There are several more secrets, depending on what result the grower wants to achieve:
- if you want the crown of the flower to become larger and spread out, choose a larger container for planting;
- In order for the hibiscus to bloom better, create a shortage of space in the pot;
- To prevent flower buds from falling off after transplantation, place the rose in its original place.
Reproduction
Most often, hibiscus is propagated by cuttings; the method is considered the simplest.
Carried out after summer pruning during the flowering period, it allows you to quickly get the root of the future plant and plant it in the ground. You need to select a cutting with two or three internodes, and for the root system to appear, place it in water, sand or a sand-peat mixture.
For better rooting, cover with film, except for the method of propagation in water.
The resulting root or cut, if rooted in the ground, must be immediately treated with a growth stimulator for indoor plants, for example, epin, zircon, amulet.
Phytohormones will help the future plant:
- will enhance growth;
- stimulate the formation of buds and flowering;
- will support a weakened plant, for example, after a draft;
- will help resist diseases and pests;
- will increase immunity.
It will take the cuttings about one month to root in a pot with enriched soil at temperatures above twenty degrees. When you notice that the plant has entered active phase growth, form its shape at your discretion.
Diseases and pests
The Chinese rose, like any other plant, is also susceptible to aphids, spider mites, scale insects, and whiteflies. Treat the leaves with insecticides designed to combat exactly the pest that is attacking your plant.
Before spraying the plant with the desired preparation, water the plant properly. Spray early in the morning or in the evening so that the leaves do not burn out under sunlight. And also adjust the care of the rose, because it was due to lack of watering or spraying that pests appeared.
If the hibiscus is poorly cared for, skipping watering and not fertilizing it, the plant will begin to shed its buds, the leaves will turn yellow and fall off. This can also happen due to a lack of lighting, then it is enough to simply move the flower pot to a more illuminated area. But do not be alarmed by the moderate fall of leaves, as this is a completely natural process.
Application
Hibiscus is not only beautiful, but also healthy! After all, the well-known tea - hibiscus - is prepared from the withered flower cups of the Chinese rose; for this you need to brew one or two teaspoons with boiling water and leave for five minutes.
The drink has a whole list of beneficial properties:
- strengthening the immune system, preventing colds and flu;
- positive effect on the nervous system;
- cleanses the kidneys and liver;
- relieves insomnia;
- a chilled drink lowers blood pressure;
- has a mild analgesic effect;
- has an antibacterial effect.
The Chinese rose is credited with many mystical properties, both positive and negative. But despite this, hibiscus remains one of the most popular indoor plants.
How to properly care for hibiscus at home, see the following video:
- Brief biological description— there are more than 250 species of this plant; scientific name - Hibiscus (Hibiscus), it belongs to the Malvaceae family; large perennial shrub With big flowers different colors.
- Detailed description appearance - a shrub up to 2 meters high, with dark green shiny leaves, leaves petiolate, alternate, flowers solitary, axillary, the shape of the flower resembles a funnel, the anthers protrude far outward, the flowers can be simple or double, smooth or velvety; flowering can continue all year round; The bark of the shoots is dark, often brown.
- Plant passport- under natural conditions it grows up to 4 m in the form of a bush or tree; prefers tropics and subtropics.
- Country of origin— India and China.
What is it called and where did the name come from?
Hibiscus got its name - “Chinese Rose” due to the fact that the flower itself (especially its double forms) really looks like a large, spectacular rose, and “Chinese” is simply its country of origin.
There are several types of flowers in nature that are similar to the Chinese rose, these are:
- bush begonia- a tropical beauty, blooms very luxuriantly with huge flowers;
- terry adenium- an amazing tree, not very tall (originally from Africa), with amazing large bright flowers reminiscent of a rose;
- terry geranium- a wonderful perennial, decorative indoor plant that can bloom for a long time; there are varieties with very large double flowers of various colors.
How long is the lifespan and can it be extended?
Just a note. The lifespan of the Chinese rose is quite long; it can grow for almost 30 years.
The plant needs bright lighting, but it must be diffused, direct rays will do harm, so the choice of location for the flower must be made taking this moment into account, respectively. good place There will be east and west windows. In the warm season, the Chinese rose can be taken out fresh air- a terrace or balcony, this is very useful for her.
Watering
The flower does not tolerate a lack of moisture, so watering during the active period should be plentiful (only 3 cm of the top layer of soil should dry out), and during the dormant period, of course, it should be reduced.
Top dressing
The best complex fertilizers for our plants are “Rainbow” and “Ideal”, they need to be applied once every 2 weeks and only after watering, so that the roots do not get burned.
Trimming
It is better to carry it out in early spring, before the buds have yet begun to form; you need to cut off all bare and elongated shoots, as well as good healthy branches by about a third.
Watch a video on how to cut hibiscus:
Diseases and pests
Naturally, like all plants, problems also occur with the Chinese rose.
Attention! Due to improper care, a plant can become sick: the leaves turn yellow (due to watering with hard water), the buds fall off (low temperature or little light), the leaves become lethargic and drooping (insufficient watering).
Insect pests can also greatly harm the plant:
- Spider mite- this is the most important pest for a flower, it quickly appears when the plant does not have enough moisture in the air, and begins to entwine all the leaves with its cobwebs, so it is recommended to regularly place the flower under a warm shower (only on the leaves), this is a good preventative measure against mites; if detected, thoroughly wash the bush with soapy water; if the lesion is very severe, then treat it with Aktara.
- Aphid- also really “loves” the young leaves and buds of the Chinese rose, small sticky lumps appear on the leaves, the leaves can stick together, aphids spread quickly, so if detected, you need to take immediate action, wash the bush with soapy water and treat it with any insecticide.
- Thrips- an indicator of their presence: a grayish coating with brown dots appears on the leaves and they begin to curl; you need to immediately isolate the flower, then rinse the entire bush, try to remove the pest with cotton swabs (clean it off), then treat it with an insecticide.
Read more about the causes of Chinese rose disease, diagnosis and treatment in ours.
Disease Prevention
In order to prevent diseases and attacks from insect pests, you just need to provide proper care and necessary conditions content. If there is good lighting, the necessary watering, sufficiently humid air, fertilizing will be applied in a timely manner, the plant will be pruned and shaped, will be selected the right pot and soil, then no diseases or pests will be scary.
Conclusion
How can we sum it up - of course, such a plant with unrealistically fabulous flowers should be placed in your home. Of course, it will become the central flower in any collection, not only due to its size, but also to its beauty. Also, the Chinese rose is capable of developing the creative potential of the owners of the house with its energy, saturating it with positivity and joy.
It is difficult to imagine an office or residential space that does not have landscaping - at least one.
Many indoor flowers require too much care.
Hibiscus, also known as “Chinese rose,” is a very beautiful flower, but it is not picky.
It adapts to any conditions (within reason).
How to create a favorable atmosphere, temperature, lighting and other factors for the annual flowering of this plant.
Chinese, or Hibiscus, is one of the most beautiful indoor plants. It is represented by several pitchforks - herbaceous plant, a tree or bush that can reach a height of up to three meters. It will decorate every apartment or greenhouse.
One of the main advantages of hibiscus is its ease of care. The Chinese rose does not require supernatural conditions for maintenance. The main thing is to properly fertilize and water the bush, then it will delight you with long-term flowering. Most often for home grown plant hybrids are used, with a height of no more than 1-1.5 meters.
The flowers are bright, large, and look like a rose or mallow.
The shape and color depend on the variety, of which there are more than two hundred.
The leaves are usually elongated and oval.
The color can be dark or light green.
The leaves are nasty, which additionally allows you to easily remove dust and keep the flower clean.
Hibiscus blooms mainly in winter, but in apartment conditions it can delight with bright velvety flowers for almost the whole year. Besides beauty this plant widely used in medicine and cosmetology, thanks to beneficial properties and rich chemical composition:
- Chinese rose flowers have vasoconstrictor properties. Due to this they are used in folk medicine as a hemostatic agent.
- Hibiscus tea or decoction is famous in many countries. It normalizes the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and cleanses the intestines.
- Wounds are washed with a decoction of hibiscus, washed to cleanse the skin, and used to treat colds, hemorrhoids and other pathologies.
- During a diet or weight loss, Chinese rose tea is drunk as a cleanser and burns subcutaneous fat.
- The foliage of the plant contains a large amount of flavonoids and antioxidants, which bind the negative effects of free radicals.
Thus, we can conclude that this plant is not only beautiful, but also very useful. It accelerates metabolism at the cellular level, normalizes the functioning of many organs and systems, and helps strengthen and rejuvenate the skin.
Pruning, replanting, propagation - basic rules
Hibiscus is considered an ideal plant for the inexperienced. It does not require much attention or expense. Normally tolerates temperature changes, drafts and humidity. Of course, for comfortable growth and long-term flowering, it needs to provide certain conditions:
- Lighting The Chinese rose loves no less than other plants and needs natural sunlight. When choosing a location for a flower in an apartment or house, preference should be given to the window sill or a place near it. You should not place the rose in a corner where there is little natural light. Also in the summer, you need to pay attention to ensure that direct sunlight does not fall on the flower, this can lead to drying.
- It is recommended to plant the plant immediately in a large container, since it grows quite quickly and does not like crowding, and replanting too often is not recommended, once a year is enough so as not to disturb the microflora in the soil.
- The best time to transplant is in May. To make the plant feel comfortable, it sits in a new container with its soil.
- In order for the plant to bloom annually, it must be pruned. After flowering, the shoots need to be pruned only then new ones will appear, which will grow into buds and then flowers will appear. Chinese roses are pruned at home every year.
- Chinese roses can be propagated in several ways - by seeds or cuttings. The first method takes a long time, and you need to create special conditions for the seeds to germinate. Therefore, gardeners prefer propagation by cuttings.
If all conditions are met, there is no doubt that the plant will get used to the apartment environment and will constantly delight you with velvety flowers.
Features of care
Since it was already written above that hibiscus does not require special conditions. But there are still some preferences and rules, if followed, the plant will be much more comfortable.
Temperature
The Chinese rose does not really like too hot air, although it can withstand temporary temperature changes without damage.
During the summer best temperature It is considered 20-22 degrees.
In winter it is better to provide a temperature of 15 degrees.
But in apartment conditions this is almost impossible to do.
This is not a reason for frustration, since hibiscus tolerates standard room conditions.
For the winter, it can be moved to a balcony or loggia if they are glazed and the temperature there is not lower than 15. Otherwise, this should not be done so as not to freeze the plant.
In addition, roses need high humidity. With severe dryness, it blooms poorly and begins to hurt. If the air in the apartment is dry, you need to spray. For this you need clean water, without any impurities. And yet, it is important that drops of water do not fall on the flowers, only on the petals and stems. Flowers may fall off due to moisture.
Feeding and watering
Hibiscus loves moisture, so it requires abundant watering so that all the soil in the pot is saturated. Of course, you shouldn’t allow the water to “stand” above the ground, but you shouldn’t allow drought either.
There must be water room temperature. Before watering, it is tedious to stand for at least a day, no less. Then possible pathogens will die in it, but all the necessary vitamins and minerals will remain. You cannot boil water for irrigation - it is considered dead and does not contain any beneficial properties.
There is no need to add too much fertilizer to the soil. It is enough to saturate the soil with potassium-phosphorus fertilizer once a year after winter. It can be purchased at any garden or flower shop.
During the period of active growth, you can use complex fertilizers for houseplants. You can feed the soil with them once every three to four weeks.
Problems when growing roses - pests and treatment methods
Let's consider the main problems that a gardener may encounter and ways to resolve them:
- Leaves wither, dry out or droop. This symptom occurs only when the plant lacks moisture. This may indicate improper and infrequent watering or too dry air in the room. To return the rose to its previous appearance, you need to arrange watering and organize constant spraying clean water. Thus, the plant will recover within a few days.
- Roots dry out most often when the soil is too cold. It should be at room temperature. If such a problem occurs, then the flower should be moved to a warmer place and water at room temperature should be used for watering.
- Spots appear on the leaves pink shade- This is a sign that there is not enough lighting. In this case, the plant must be moved to a place where there will be access to sunlight.
- The buds do not open and fall off. More often this problem occurs as a result of insufficient watering of the soil. That is, in order for the bud to open, the plant needs to expend a certain amount of energy, which is produced as a result of nutrition from the soil. If there is no such nutrition, then, accordingly, there is no energy.
To summarize, it can be noted that the Chinese rose comes in several types - herbaceous, shrubby or tree-like plant. Under natural conditions, trees can reach five mats. Room options- These are hybrids, no more than two meters high. This type plants adapt to any conditions, although there are certain preferences. If possible, you need to provide normal lighting, temperature conditions and high humidity (this is very important). If the apartment is dry, you need to spray.
Landing
Hibiscus is best planted in spring period. For this plant, oxygen-rich soil is preferable.
To prepare the soil, sand, humus, leaf and turf soil are mixed in equal parts.
IN earth mixture add a small amount of charcoal and bone meal to avoid the appearance of rot.
Or you can purchase already ready soil
for roses and begonias. Hibiscus does well in a pot, but it is important to choose the right container to prevent the roots from rotting.
Useful tips For gardeners, read about how to properly grow Hibiscus at home
Watering
In summer and spring, the shrub should water thoroughly enough as soon as the top layer of soil dries. In autumn and winter, plants are watered with a moderate amount of water three to four days after the substrate has dried.
Hibiscus leaves are sometimes needed spray some water, especially in extreme heat.
Do not allow the soil to dry out or become waterlogged. After watering, after 30 - 40 minutes, the water should be poured out of the pan. Watering is carried out with purified and settled water.
Humidity
Hibiscus does not require too much moisture. However, in summer or winter, when the air is especially dry, the leaves should spray or arrange periodically warm shower. Such water treatments Not only will they save the plant from drying out, but they will also be a good preventative against spider mites. The water should be soft and warm.
ATTENTION! When spraying hibiscus, you need to make sure that the water does not get on the flower, otherwise dark spots may appear on it.
Fertilizer
In winter it costs reduce fertilizing with nitrogen-containing fertilizers, and start using fertilizer with a high content of phosphorus and potassium.
You can fertilize your tea rose weekly with special complexes for indoor plants.
Among other things, shrubs needs magnesium due to the lack of which the leaves may turn yellow. Feeding is carried out on cool days, preferably early in the morning or late in the evening. It is necessary to fertilize only after watering the hibiscus.
IMPORTANT! A recently transplanted plant cannot be fed. You can fertilize it a few days after transplanting.
Transfer
A Chinese rose in a pot at home grows quite quickly and the time for replanting comes. This is usually done in the spring. The plant is simple roll over with a clod of earth in a large pot. If the soil is not acidic and there are no pests in it, then you can replace the top dry layer of soil with a fresher one. Young shrubs are replanted annually. An older plant is replanted once every few years.
Light mode
Caring for indoor plants such as the Chinese rose is not difficult, but do not forget that hibiscus is very light-loving plant which prefers bright diffused light.
If the bush is exposed to direct sunlight, the foliage may dry out, and in poor lighting the plant becomes weak and may die.
It is best to place a tea rose in a room near windows in the eastern or western directions. If it is placed in a southerly direction, shading will be required during the day; for this, the flower can be covered with gauze or transparent fabric.
For hibiscus to grow in the northern part, on the contrary, it is necessary to improve the lighting. The plant should be in the sun for at least 4 - 6 hours.
In winter it is required additional lighting. It can be created by shining a fluorescent lamp on the bush.
The distance between the plant and the light source should be 50 - 60 cm. With this lighting, the flower should stay on average for 8 hours. Otherwise the plant will not bloom.
Thermal mode
The normal temperature for full growth of hibiscus is considered to be from +24 to +27. In autumn and winter periods the temperature is gradually reduced to +18. At temperatures above +30 the plant may die, and at low temperature(ranging from +10 to +7) leaves may begin to fall.
Trimming
Hibiscus needs pruning at home. It is best to prune in early spring or late fall for better flowering of the plant.
Read more about how to properly prune hibiscus.
Bloom
The Chinese indoor rose begins to bloom during from July to September. The size of the buds reaches up to 16 cm in diameter. The buds open at dawn and the petals fall most often at sunset. Up to 20 flowers can bloom on one bush. The hibiscus flower lasts for several days.
Read about how to get hibiscus to bloom.
Reproduction methods
The plant is propagated in two ways: by seeds or stem cuttings. Read more about hibiscus propagation
Plant lifespan
With proper care, the plant lives on average 20 years and more.
Photo
You can admire hibiscus properly grown at home in the photo:
Diseases and pests
If not properly cared for, Chinese roses are susceptible to the following diseases:
- leaf fall;
- lack of flowers on the bush;
- appearance of spots different colors on leaves;
- limp or dry leaves;
- death of shoots.
The most common pests of tea roses are:
- spider mite;
- whitefly;
- thrips
One of important points when caring for hibiscus it is also ventilation of the apartment. The plant needs fresh air, but drafts should not be allowed, as buds that have not yet opened may fall off.
You can read detailed information about hibiscus diseases and how to fight them
Useful video
The video on the topic “Indoor hibiscus: care and propagation at home” will answer questions that you might not have found answers to in the text:
