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How to choose them correctly and... What types of sausages are there and how to choose them correctly? Washing powders: quality composition

Feng Shui has many amazing symbols and talismans. Each of them is distinguished by its unique design, color and shape, as well as the powers that are given to them by those who believe in this ancient Eastern science.

One of the possible means aimed at attracting wealth and improving a person’s material well-being is money napkins Feng Shui, made of red fabric with embossed gold pattern. The latter can be simple drawings, Chinese characters, as well as Feng Shui symbols that help increase money.

Where should they be located?

Unlike other money talismans (such as envelopes or cups of wealth), napkins do not need to be hidden anywhere, but on the contrary, they must be placed in the most visible place in the house and used often when necessary.

The best effect can be achieved if you place scarlet rugs in the South, East, South-East zones of the house, or exactly in the middle of the apartment. As for the Northwestern, Western, Southwestern and Northern zones, it is preferable to place purple napkins with a purple tint and silver embroidery on the tables.

This choice of shades is due to the fact that the use of the same red napkins in the Northern part of the house causes a “conflict of the elements”: red is a symbol of the South, where Fire is the main active force, while in the North Water rules everything. As a result, the combination of two differently directed forces will lead to the literal “evaporation” of the material resources of the person who decides to place money talismans In a similar way. Unlike red, purple, supported by a hieroglyph of a silver hue (it’s good if it is the Fu sign), on the contrary, will contribute to the accumulation of money, as well as improving the situation at work and career growth. Therefore, you should not neglect this advice.

In addition to other symbols, on napkins you can often see images of bundles consisting of three coins or bats, one located in each corner of the product.

How to use

Money napkins, sometimes called mats, are recommended to be placed on tables or shelves, with additional talismans placed on top of them. One of the best in this case is considered to be the three-toed toad, strewn with coins, known for its power to attract not only wealth, but also good luck in business and any endeavors.

In addition to this, you can place a pot of coins here, Money Tree or any other talisman in one way or another connected with acquiring wealth.

You should often count money on such napkins, which will allow you to quickly increase the amount of money in the most unexpected way. You can also put money napkins in your wallet, right under cash machine or lock it together with family jewelry in a safe deposit box. Moreover, if you want to use them in this way, you should tie a bunch of coins over the napkins, or even better, buy them already tied (as a rule, sellers tie them with a lucky knot).

When to expect the effect

In fact, no one will give an exact answer to the question of when this or that Feng Shui talisman will work, no matter how strong it is. However, with regards to money, one specific piece of advice can be given here: in order for it to really begin to multiply, and business activity to grow along with it, you must not just sit and wait for a miracle. You just need to start achieving the goals you have set for yourself. And only under this condition, Feng Shui symbols will begin to have an effect on a person’s destiny, attracting happy accidents and unexpected offers of cooperation.

Currently, there are quite a lot of hydraulic systems on the market. They may differ in dimensional and hydraulic characteristics and purpose. But there are elements that become common to all devices. In addition, they all require, for example, competent and timely Maintenance. Different brands hydraulic oils help solve this issue.

What should you pay attention to first?

queue?

The documentation of hydraulic system manufacturers usually spells out the requirements that a particular composition must meet. You should not try to improve the oil, thus violating the basic rules.

Many buyers believe that the best substances are those that are characterized big amount additives But this is just an assumption that is only partly true. Additives are created in order to improve certain characteristics of hydraulic oils. But improving one parameter can negatively affect other properties of a particular material. In addition, we must remember that such substances are created specifically for a specific type of equipment. Therefore, you need to look at how suitable the oil is for certain operating conditions.

Additional information about properties

There are several classifications of the quality of hydraulic oils at the international level. But quite often it happens that equipment manufacturers themselves set requirements for the compositions that can be used for work. This is usually due to design features any system. In addition, developers know how important it is to ensure that all components in the system are compatible with each other in order to organize high-quality, uninterrupted operation.

The loads on the gaskets in such cases are increased, because the oil works under

high pressure. During operation, the composition may lose its properties, so it needs to be changed from time to time. If this is not done in a timely manner, further repairs can be very expensive. No brand of hydraulic oil will help here.

In addition, troubles can happen if you fill the system with a composition that is not provided at all even by the manufacturer itself. So it’s really worth listening to their recommendations.

Additional information about the properties of oils

To choose the right oil, you need to understand at what temperature it will be

be exploited. For example, there are winter and summer options. To choose the characteristics of which may be different, it is necessary to take into account its viscosity.

The operating temperature range of the system is what helps determine the viscosity. In the operating instructions you can always find information regarding certain characteristics. Some people think that the pump also determines the viscosity of these compounds. But this is just a misconception, albeit a fairly common one. The oil must have similar parameters simply in order to pass even into the narrowest places of the unit. The viscosity of hydraulic oil must be such that it flows through the narrowest channels at a certain speed. Otherwise, the operation of the system may not be entirely correct.

According to Russian standards, sausages are meat or meat-containing products made from meat and non-meat ingredients. Meat ingredients can be prepared in the form of pieces, minced sausage, meal. They are filled into a shell, mold or mesh of a certain geometric shape and subjected to heat treatment until ready.

Types of sausages

Present on the Russian market different kinds sausages: boiled sausages, frankfurters, sausages, semi-smoked, boiled-smoked, raw smoked and dry-cured sausages, liver and blood sausages, meat loaves, pates, brawns, jellies, jellied meats. They are made from meat of all types of slaughtered animals (beef, pork, horse meat, lamb, goat meat, venison, poultry and rabbits), processed offal, as well as various functional additives.

The most popular types of sausages:

• Boiled sausages differ from other types of sausages in that the minced meat is ground very finely during their production. This is necessary in order to achieve a dense, uniform structure and, as a result, a delicate taste of the sausage product. During the production process, cooked sausages are first fried, then boiled and then cooled. When cut, they have a soft pink color. If bacon is added to the sausage, its pieces should be white or pale pink and distributed evenly throughout the entire volume of the product. Pieces of boiled tongues and pistachios can also be added to boiled sausages. Such boiled sausage may contain dark red pieces of tongues and pistachios.

• Sausages and wieners are also boiled sausages. Unlike regular sausage, they are usually eaten after some heat treatment(cooking, frying). The main difference from boiled sausages is the length and thickness of the products. Traditional sausages can be 12 cm long and 2 cm thick. The sausages are shorter and thicker (10 cm in length and 3-4 cm in thickness). When cut, sausages and sausages can be from pale pink to dark Pink colour, pieces of bacon should be white or pale pink in color and evenly distributed throughout the entire volume of the product. Sausages and sausages, like boiled sausages, have a pleasant and delicate taste with a light and pleasant aroma of spices.

• Meat loaves - the composition of minced meat is similar to boiled sausages, but differs in the absence of a casing and the method of preparation. To prepare meat loaves, the minced meat is packed tightly into aluminum or tinned molds, which are placed in the oven. After baking, the breads are removed from the pans, brushed with egg white and browned in the oven. A crust forms on the bread, protecting the product from drying out and spoiling. After cooling, the meat loaves are wrapped in parchment or cellophane with a label. When cut, the meat loaves have a soft pink color; the pieces of bacon should have a white or pale pink color and be evenly distributed throughout the entire volume of the product. The surface should be smooth, dry and evenly fried.

• Boiled-smoked sausages - during their production, the meat is ground using a meat grinder, after which the minced meat is mixed with other ingredients: spices, chopped bacon, etc. Next, the products are subjected to primary smoking, boiling, cooling and secondary smoking. When cut, such sausages, as a rule, have a homogeneous or granular structure with lard inclusions. The color of minced meat can be from pink to burgundy, the color of lard from white to pale pink. These sausages have a dense and elastic structure with a pronounced and rich aroma of spices and smoke.

• Semi-smoked sausages - preparing minced meat for these sausages is similar to making minced meat for boiled-smoked ones. The raw meat is ground on a grinder, after which spices and other ingredients are added to the minced meat. The main difference from boiled-smoked sausages is in heat treatment: semi-smoked sausages are dried, fried, boiled, smoked and cooled. When cut, semi-smoked sausages, depending on the recipe, can be from pink to dark red in color with the inclusion of white or pale pink cubes of bacon. Semi-smoked sausages, like boiled-smoked sausages, have a dense and elastic structure with a pronounced and rich aroma of spices and smoke.
• Raw smoked sausages are among the most expensive sausages. Their preparation time can reach 40 days. A large number of spices and herbs are added to raw smoked sausages, and even cognac is added to some varieties. Preparation of minced meat for raw smoked sausages is similar to the preparation of minced meat for semi-smoked and cooked-smoked sausages. To prepare minced raw smoked sausages, previously prepared raw meat is ground on a grinder, after which spices and other ingredients (chopped bacon, cognac, etc.) are added to the minced meat. Ready and formed loaves are subjected to the precipitation process. After settling, the sausage is smoked in chambers with smoke from sawdust solid hardwood(beech, oak, alder, etc.). After smoking, the sausage is dried. When cut, raw smoked sausages, depending on the recipe, can be from red to dark burgundy color A. The lard should be white to light pink in color. The sizes of fat inclusions range from small cubes to fine-grained inclusions evenly distributed throughout the entire volume of the product. Raw smoked sausages have a firm structure, a rich and bright spicy taste with a pronounced piquant aroma of spices and smoke.

• Dried sausages are similar in structure and manufacturing methods to raw smoked sausages; the main difference from raw smoked sausages is the absence of a smoking process. When cut, dry-cured sausages, depending on the recipe, can be from red to dark burgundy in color. The lard should be white to light pink in color. The sizes of fat inclusions range from small cubes to fine-grained inclusions evenly distributed throughout the entire volume of the product. Dry-cured sausages have a solid structure, a rich and bright spicy taste with a pronounced piquant aroma of spices and raw meat.

• Blood sausages – their distinctive feature is the addition of blood during the manufacturing process. Blood sausages are different dark color shells, dark red color of the minced meat and a pleasant taste of blood and spices.

• Zeltsy are products in shells made from pre-cooked meat and offal. After stuffing into casings, they are boiled, cooled and pressed.

• Liver sausages differ from others in the light gray color of the loaves and the greyish-yellow color of the minced meat. These sausages are not fried or smoked. Distinctive feature The main advantage of these sausages is that pre-cooked raw materials are used for their production.

What to look for when buying sausage?

Study the composition of the product. When familiarizing yourself with the composition, you should know that the ingredients that are most abundant in the product are written first in the composition, and towards the end are those ingredients that are less in the product.

Pay attention to the packaging. Then inspect the packaging for physical damage; there should be no excess moisture or foreign objects in the packaging.

Rate appearance the product, the appearance of the minced meat when cut, the smell and taste of the sausage. Fresh sausages must have a clean, dry surface, free of stains, sticks and damage. The minced meat should be well mixed, without gray spots, voids, with lard white or with a pink tint.

The smell and taste must be characteristic of this type of product, with the aroma of spices, without foreign tastes and odors. After opening the vacuum package meat products may have a slightly sour smell, this is normal, this smell completely disappears after the product has been left without a vacuum for 5-10 minutes.

Pay attention to the GOST number according to which the product is manufactured. Today in the sausage industry there are the following types standards:

• GOST R 52196-2011 Boiled sausage products.
• GOST 16131-86 Raw smoked sausages.
• GOST R 53588-2009 Semi-smoked sausages.
• GOST R 53515-2009 Fried sausages.
• GOST R 54646-2011 Liver sausages
• GOST R 52992-2008 Semi-smoked sausages for baby food.
• GOST R 53591-2009 Semi-smoked horse meat sausages.
• GOST R 53587-2009 Boiled horse meat sausages.
• GOST 20402-75 Stuffed boiled sausages.
• GOST R 53645-2009 Boiled sausage products for baby food.
• GOST R 52479-2005 Boiled meat sausage products for baby food.

A single requirement for all types of sausage industry products: sausages must be safe for the consumer.

In modern stores you can find a large number of wobblers. They are mainly used for spinning, although others can be used fishing gear (). You can give some tips to help you choose the right bait for a given occasion.

Often fishermen are in no hurry to use this bait, even after purchasing it. This is mainly due to lack of information. Don’t be afraid of this, a wobbler is one of those baits that can give a positive result in any conditions.

For example, quite common in Lately steel wobblers of the Shad family. They can be floating or sinking. Shad models with a large blade are preferred in situations where you need to fish bottom layers of water. The bait quickly reaches the specified fishing depth thanks to the large angle of attack and large area water capture. For models where the center of gravity is maximally shifted towards the blade, a very round, almost vertical trajectory is more typical.

Japanese manufacturers widely use a special channel system with balls inside, which makes fishing more efficient. So the wobbler has become no less widespread than, for example, spinner for pike (apico-fish.ru). But you can also choose Korean analogues if Japanese ones are not affordable for some reason. The quality is in no way inferior to more expensive devices.

Deep, flat areas are where the Shad family of wobblers will be most effective. But it is better to choose a different design if you need to fish at very great depths. In addition, such baits put quite a lot of stress on the rod.

It is also necessary to remember about such a characteristic of wobblers as ascent speed. This parameter must be constantly kept under control in order to solve the tasks set for yourself.

The blocky shape has long been main feature wobblers of the Minnow family. They are also called sticks or simply wobblers. In addition, these baits have always been distinguished by a wide variety of play when retrieved. The most successful models are very easy and precise to control.

The shape of the blade in this case becomes the first factor that you need to pay attention to when purchasing. For example, the bait will tremble slightly if the blade is narrow and small. Most likely, the wobbler will move in narrow corridor in situations where its blade is wider than the main body. The area of ​​the blade affects how active the bait will move.

Wobblers - Classification and methods of wiring wobblers video “Fishing Secrets”
Enjoy watching! From the “Secrets of Fishing” series of programs, amateur and even professional anglers will learn a lot of useful information.

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Washing powders have long been part of people's lives. Manufacturers vying with each other to advertise their products, claiming that some of them have excellent whitening properties, others have excellent washing properties, others do not form pills on things, and others retain their original color. The list of benefits that manufacturers promise is endless, but how safe and healthy this invention is remains a mystery to many. In fact, not everything is as rosy and good as we are told. Many powders, when in contact with human skin, cause allergic reactions, dermatitis or severe irritation. There are also those whose use will lead to respiratory diseases. So, how to choose the right washing powder for yourself and the whole family so as not to harm your health?

In answering the question posed, it is worth thinking about the main purpose of the detergent. This is keeping our clothes and things clean. At the same time, whether one or another product can cope with the task depends on the strength of the contamination and the composition of the detergent. It is necessary to choose washing powder depending on the type of fabric. In addition, when washing in a machine, you need to select the right one. temperature regime and the washing mode itself.

Washing powders: quality composition

Surfactants (surfactants).

This is the main component of washing powder. These components adsorb dirt particles on themselves. There are three types of surfactants:

Anionic surfactants. This is the most harmful component to health. They cause severe allergic reactions and serious disorders of the human immune system;
Cationic surfactants;
Non-ionic surfactants.

These substances have Negative influence on environment. Getting into groundwater, they can degrade their quality. Self-contained system purification from this type of pollutants does not exist in nature. Therefore, water can only get rid of them after a huge period of time.

Saturation of the top layer of soil with surfactants makes it unsuitable for plants for several years.

Among the diseases that are caused by surfactants in humans and animals are the following:

Allergy. It can be expressed both in rashes on the skin, and by a runny nose, sneezing and difficulty breathing;
Immunity disorders;
Kidney diseases;
Diseases of the liver and lungs.

In addition, excessive use of powders with a high content of surfactants leads to disturbances in brain function.

Powders that are not included in the risk group include those where the surfactant content of the total mass does not exceed 5%.

Phosphates (compounds of phosphoric acid salts).

These substances soften water and significantly increase the efficiency of the powder itself. In addition, thanks to phosphates, less scale accumulates in washing machines.

These substances, as well as surfactants, are not the most beneficial for the human body and animals. They can also cause allergic reactions and irritation of the respiratory tract. In addition, they heavily pollute the environment.

In Europe and America several years ago, a law was introduced banning the production and use of washing powders containing phosphates. Instead of this component, they use zeolites. They are less harmful to humans and nature, and at the same time, they cope with the task perfectly.

Polymers, bleaches and additives.

Polymers are substances with which powders are enriched for the sole purpose of preventing dirt from sticking to things again. It is clear that complete elimination problems are impossible. But dust particles stick less to such fabrics.

Enzymes are components that fight stubborn stains from oils, fats, coffee, juices, etc. Powders containing enzymes appeared relatively recently. With their help, the washing process speeds up significantly. What exactly are enzymes? These are ordinary protein compounds that react with fats and break them down into easily excreted components. However, the presence of enzymes in powder is not a panacea for all contaminants. Just like fats, they are quite capable of destroying protein compounds. Therefore, you can ruin a silk or wool item by simply washing a dirty stain.

Before washing delicate fabrics, pay attention to the presence of enzymes in the product.

Bleaches.

There are substances that are added to products household chemicals for whitening laundry. Similar products are used for washing white bedding sets or white items that require constant care.

This is one of those substances that is avoided when choosing laundry detergent. Chlorine has a negative effect on the laundry, but it will not help to wash the laundry efficiently, ruining the fabric.

Optical brighteners.

They represent another deception of the manufacturers. These substances do not have any bleaching properties. They settle on the surface of things and simply reflect particles of light, like a mirror surface. The progenitor of such components is considered to be ordinary blue. It was added to rinsing water and to whitewashing to give ceilings a fresh look.

Bleaching agents containing active oxygen.

Some powders contain substances that react with water to release oxygen atoms. These are quite effective bleaches that act on high temperature heating. IN cold water their effect is zero.

Flavorings (fragrances).

These components of any washing powder do not affect the quality and final result of washing. It cannot be said that a powder containing flavorings is somehow different from one that does not smell of anything. The only difference is the pleasant aroma of the laundry after treatment. Therefore, the powder with the aroma of lily of the valley can be easily replaced with an equivalent one with the aroma of frosty freshness. At the same time, all allergy sufferers are against both fragrances. After all, they are the ones that cause allergy attacks.

“Automatic” or hand wash: what to choose?

It’s hard to even imagine how many women say “thank you” every day to the man who invented the automatic washing machine. All you have to do is load things into the drum and press the button, and that’s it! You can go paint your nails or knit a sweater for your husband. However, don’t delude yourself! After all, you need to select washing powder specifically for each type of laundry and type of washing. Don't think that this is just another ploy by laundry detergent companies. An incorrectly selected washing mode and detergent can damage the washing machine itself.

Powder for automatic machines.

This product is intended for processing (washing) laundry in an automatic machine.

When choosing a powder for an automatic machine, be sure to ensure that the packaging with the product contains the inscription “Automatic”. The desire not to spend extra money or neglect it will lead to machine breakdown. The powder in this category contains components that form much less foam than in hand washing products. These are foam absorbers (stabilizers) that prevent it from moving, possibly permissible level. Otherwise, foam penetrates into unsealed cracks and floods the mechanisms and all objects around. Washing powder in an automatic washing machine contains several more substances:

Kalgon. This is a special component that helps soften water and prevents the formation of inner surface scale mechanisms. This substance does not contain aggressive chlorine or solvents. Therefore, it does not have a destructive effect on the rubber and plastic surfaces of the machine;
Washing detergent for washing machines takes much longer to dissolve than the same powder for washing by hand;
Concentration active substances very high in machine washing products;
For each mode, it is advisable to select the optimal amount of detergent. As a rule, the dosage is indicated on the box. When the volume changes, the quality of the result obtained may decrease.

However, don't panic if you accidentally put hand washing powder in your washing machine. Nothing terrible will happen. Turn on the “Spin” mode, then “Rinse and Spin”. After finishing the cleaning process, add required quantity substances and restart the desired wash cycle.

Powder for hand washing.

Hand wash is a powder mixture for washing fabrics in regular washing machines or by hand.

These substances have a number of differences:

Contains ingredients that are gentle on the skin of your hands or soap. Baby soap included in laundry detergents for children;
Despite the fact that the dissolution rate of granules of hand washing powders is quite high, you need to start washing only after they have completely disappeared;
The higher the concentration of the solution (more product is poured into a certain amount of water), the more intensively the laundry needs to be rinsed. Optimal quantity powder for a certain volume of water is indicated on the packaging of the product.

It is impossible to achieve the desired effect from hand washing using an automatic powder.

We wash it correctly: the sequence of actions when washing clothes

Every housewife knows what to mix when washing clothes different colors it is forbidden. Therefore, first all things need to be sorted. In addition, you should not wash outerwear with underwear or bed linen. Depending on the type of fabric, items are also laid out separately.

Before washing, bedding or clothes that are heavily soiled should be soaked in warm water for an hour. Synthetic fabrics do not require pre-soaking. For high-quality washing results, choose the appropriate method:

Ultrasonic washing machine. This small device can handle clothes that do not require aggressive washing. This applies to chiffon items or quilts. This type washing will retain the shape and color of things for a long time;
Color stabilizers. For safety color range clothes or things, special stabilizers are produced. For example, there are substances that prevent fading. Including, there are powders whose packaging says “Color”. Products with this inscription are able to preserve the color of things for a long time. Black laundry detergents contain components that improve the rinsing properties of water. After washing and rinsing, no whitish stains remain on the fabrics;
Manufacturers of household chemicals have developed special means for softening fabrics - bed linen or terry towels. At the same time, the fabric receives additional benefits– it wrinkles less, can be ironed perfectly, and even after that does not lose its softness. These products contain optical and chemical brighteners.

If your clothes are simply dusty, wash them with water. But only properly selected washing powder can deal with more complex stains.