Additional insulation of the walls of a wooden house. Insulating a house from the inside or how to make life more comfortable and reduce heating bills
The summer solstice has just passed and we have astronomically turned towards winter, it is time to prepare for it, and to do this, think about how we will meet it and what else needs to be done to warm house provided a joyful meeting of the first snow and frost. You have worked hard to create heat-saving enclosing structures, you have chosen efficient windows, selected the necessary heaters by type and required power. What else needs to be done to make the house warmer?
Most likely you need:
- eliminate drafts;
- insulate the attic;
- insulate the roof.
How to eliminate drafts
Ventilation in the house ensures a healthy atmosphere and a normal level of condensation of air vapors, but the use of random drafts for ventilation is not effective, since this leads to significant heat losses. In addition, their constant presence in the house creates discomfort. As a rule, thresholds are sources of discomfort entrance doors, cracks around them, as well as hinged windows and vents. To identify sources of drafts, you need to start with external doors and windows, then examine the cracks on the floor and baseboards, hatches in basements and into the attic. It is more convenient to carry out the examination using a smoking incense stick. To eliminate the identified deficiencies, it is necessary to use anti-draft equipment and sealing kits. Now on construction markets available big choice threshold seals, door seal kits, folding seal strips. The power of the identified draft will tell you what to choose.
Attic insulation
If it is not used as a habitable room, then its thermal insulation is reduced to laying one layer roll thermal insulation between the beams, and the second layer across the beams, since the recommended thickness of its thermal insulation is 270 mm. Before laying the layers, it is necessary to seal the gap around chimney, ventilation pipes and electrical wiring and lay a layer of vapor barrier that will protect the thermal insulation from vapors from residential premises. To carry out work safely, it is necessary to lay technological work paths made of wide boards or chipboard panels on the beams. Remove packaging from rolls at the place of use. Laying should begin from the roof eaves, cutting the layer so as not to cover the ventilation ducts provided in it. Place the second roll in the beam space from the opposite cornice. At the junction, cut long sharp knife excess thermal insulation and join two rolls without a gap. Insulate all openings in this way. Try to ensure that the insulation fits snugly against the beams, but do not press the material itself with your hands. Before laying the second layer, consider where you will need hard areas in the attic (for example, for chimney repairs or roof inspections). Place the bars on the beams in these places and lay them on them hard surface. Do not cover electrical wiring with insulation to avoid overheating. It is necessary to work in a respirator!!!
Roof insulation
If you have living quarters in the attic, then it is necessary to ensure thermal insulation of its slopes. To do this, insulation is laid between the rafters. Naturally, you can only insulate it if it is not leaking. Leaks will ruin the material, which in turn will not make it possible to identify them. It's important to leave ventilation gap between the insulation and the tiles attached to it. To do this, hammer the bars onto the rafters. Insert thermal insulation (roll or mats) between the rafters into the spacer. Cover the laid material with a vapor barrier membrane. At the joints of the sheets, fold the film in half before attaching it to the rafters. Thermally insulated drywall can be placed on top of the film by screwing it with screws. These two layers can be replaced with penofol by directing the layer aluminum foil outwards, securing it with a stapler and sealing the joints with aluminum adhesive tape.
Well, that seems to be all about warmth in the house.
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In theory, frame houses do not require additional insulation. But to achieve this goal, before starting construction, things must be done correct calculations and all standards are met. If your home needs additional thermal insulation, then the problem may not only be insulating the walls. The Teplo Doma company is ready to take responsibility for conducting an audit of your home.
Many owners of “frameworks” are concerned about the issue of wall insulation frame house. But, as you understand, the problem may lie in something completely different.
You don’t have time to understand all this and you just want to live in a warm house? You can resort to the help of our specialists. Teplo Doma company specialists will carry out work to identify heat loss in your home using a device such as a thermal imager, and then promptly fix the problem.
The Teplo Doma company is engaged in construction frame houses, which do not require additional insulation. This result is achieved by complying special technology construction. We also build houses from reinforced concrete panels BENPAN+. This housing meets all standards of comfort.
Thermal insulation standards for Moscow and the Moscow region
Quite often, additional insulation of the walls of a frame house is required due to violations of construction technology. Room temperature must be in range 20-22 degrees, and relative air humidity – 35-60%. Otherwise, living conditions will be considered uncomfortable.
How to create an ideal microclimate in your home? Initially, it is better that the construction of your frame house is carried out by an experienced company that knows what it is doing and is ready to take responsibility for its work.
Heat leaves the house in the following directions:
- 25% losses through the roof.
- 25% losses through windows and doors.
- 15% losses through the foundation and floor.
- 35% losses through walls.
That is why it is far from a fact that you need to insulate the walls of a frame house with your own hands. There is a possibility that you will not achieve the desired result with such actions. What to do? A competent audit is required.
But no matter which side you approach, it is through the walls that the greatest heat loss passes. That is why, when constructing a box, you need to pay maximum attention to this nuance. According to GOST R 54851-2011, heat transfer resistance standards for Moscow and the Moscow region are 2.99 m² °C/W. The resistance of the walls of frame houses built by the Teplo Doma company is 3.73 m² °C/W. This means that our homes are warm with a guarantee.
Why may additional insulation be required?
There are a number of reasons why you may need to insulate a frame house:
- The thickness of the insulation was selected incorrectly.
- The insulation has become unusable.
- Construction technology and insulation technology have been violated.
- The floor and foundation are not insulated.
- The roof is not insulated correctly.
- Doors and windows do not perform their functions fully.
- The heating does not cope with its tasks.
- And etc.
All this leads to one thing - the house is cold and uncomfortable. From the above it should be clear that proper insulation a frame house is not a panacea. There are a number of other factors that affect the microclimate in housing.
What should be the thickness of insulation for the walls of a frame house?
When living in Moscow and the Moscow region with an average temperature of -3.1 degrees throughout the heating period the wall thickness should be 240 mm, and the insulation thickness should be at least 150 mm. There is insulation of a frame house with polystyrene foam or insulation of a frame house with cotton wool. Also, materials such as ecowool, polystyrene, polyurethane foam, etc. can act as insulation.
The insulation has become unusable: what to do?
As a rule, this happens with material such as stone wool, and then only if the technology for carrying out thermal insulation work was violated. You have several options to solve this problem:
- Additional insulation of a frame house from the inside with your own hands. (We do not recommend it. It is better to get rid of spoiled insulation. It can become a breeding ground for dampness, fungus and bacteria).
- Additional insulation of a frame house from the outside is a good option.
- Replacement of old insulation in compliance with technology.
In fact, only insulation such as stone wool can deteriorate. Let's say nothing happens to polyurethane foam, but it can also gain moisture and become a breeding ground for mold and mildew. The reason is the same - non-compliance with standards and GOST.
What to do if the floor and foundation of the house are not insulated?
To avoid heat loss through the floor, and as we have already noted, they account for about 25% of the total, it is necessary to carry out a set of works to insulate the foundation and flooring. This is done using special slabs of extruded polystyrene foam of the “Base” type. Insulating a frame house with penoplex is cost-effective and modern solution reducing heat loss.
The roof is not insulated correctly: what to do?
If the roof insulation is not carried out according to standards, heat loss will be significant. The Teplo Doma company is engaged not only in the construction of houses, but also in all types thermal insulation works. Our specialists will carry out work on insulating walls, foundations, floors and roofs in a short time.
Doors and windows are not doing their job
If the house is insulated according to GOST, but heat loss is still present, then you should pay attention to the windows and doors. If the installation of windows is carried out by an inexperienced team, the technology may be violated. This causes a number of problems:
- Draft from windows and doors.
- Ice on the windows.
- Fogging of windows.
All this negatively affects the microclimate in the room and leads to significant heat loss in winter period. You can learn more about this from the article "", "", "".
The Teplo Doma company installs, maintains and repairs all types of windows. We can check your plastic windows and eliminate the cause of heat loss.
Is it necessary to carry out additional insulation of a frame house with mineral wool? No, you shouldn't do this. Properly built frame house doesn't need additional insulation. If heat loss is present, it means that the construction technology has been violated. You need to find the error and try to fix it.
Insulation of walls of a frame house in Moscow
If the thermal insulation work was carried out incorrectly or you need to check, Why are there such large heat losses in your house?, You can turn to the specialists of the Teplo Doma company for help. Our craftsmen will conduct a high-quality audit of the building, and, if necessary, insulate the frame house with mineral wool, insulate the frame house with polystyrene foam and any other material.
Often homeowners have a desire to transform their summer Vacation home instead of permanent residence. To do this, you have to insulate the external walls. How to do it?
Most often they add additional insulation frame houses. To understand how to do this, let’s look at the technology of wall construction. First, builders install a supporting frame of wooden blocks, between which slabs of stone or glass fiber are laid in spacers. To protect against moisture from the room side, the insulation is covered vapor barrier material(usually a polymer film), which serves as a barrier to water vapor flowing from residential premises to the street. It is attached to the frame posts with staples of a mechanical stapler.
So that the walls of the frame house are reliable protection from the cold in conditions middle zone Russia, the thickness of the insulation must be at least 150 mm.
A ventilation gap of 20-50 mm wide is created between the thermal insulation and the exterior finishing. Due to it, the steam penetrating into the insulation will be removed. The ventilation gap is formed using counter-lattice bars nailed to the frame posts.
To prevent the wall from being blown through by cold air entering the ventilation gap, a wind barrier is installed. For these purposes, you should use only diffusion (vapor-permeable) films (membranes) that do not prevent water vapor from escaping from the insulation. They are fastened with staples to the frame posts, and then additionally pressed with counter-lattice bars.
Finally, the last element of the frame wall is exterior decoration(siding, blockhouse, etc.). It is fixed either to a counter-lattice or to a specially created base in the form of OSB boards.
So, if you need to additionally insulate a frame wall, first of all, dismantle the finishing, counter-lattice and windproof material. Then new posts are attached to the vertical posts of the frame, the thickness of which corresponds required thickness layer of thermal insulation.
When building up the frame, you can use wide boards instead of bars. They are fixed to existing racks using metal corners
Between the racks (boards) slabs or mats of fibrous insulation are placed at random. They are installed in such a way that they fit closely to the insulation in the wall. To avoid freezing of the walls through leaks that arise, for example, in places where cut slabs are laid, the thermal insulation is made of two layers. To do this, first attach to the existing frame vertical racks(in this case their thickness will be less), laying between them fibrous material. Then, sheathing bars (usually 50 mm thick) are nailed perpendicular to the racks, between which slabs or insulation mats, respectively 50 mm thick, are also laid. Next, a wind barrier is laid, and then a ventilation gap is formed and the finish is secured.
Instead of mineral wool for insulation, you can use wood fiber boards laid in two layers with a total thickness of 50 mm.
During installation facade material it is important to provide for the possibility of air flow under the finishing from below and its exhaust from under it from above. Inflow can be provided using perforated siding strips. And the exhaust is usually carried out by combining the ventilation gap on the facade with the ventilation gap in the structure of the eaves overhang of the roof. In this case, the overhang lining must have vents.
Another important point: with a layer of additional insulation thickness of, for example, 100 mm, the total thickness of the structure will be about 150 mm. This means that before making a decision on additional insulation of the facade, you need to understand what it will look like eaves overhang roofs, and most importantly, whether it can effectively protect the facade from precipitation.
With additional insulation of frame houses, problems with the arrangement of window and doorways usually does not arise: simply, instead of old slopes, wider new ones are installed.
Using this technology it is possible to insulate timber houses. The sequence is the same: nailed to wooden walls frame filled with thermal insulation, wind protection, ventilation gap, finishing. The question is whether the “pie” needs insulated timber wall vapor barrier is controversial. In general, the need for a vapor barrier is determined by calculating the vapor permeability of a particular structure. Without such a calculation, you have to rely only on the experience of specialists. Most of them believe that it is not necessary, and the steam entering the insulation will be removed outside of it due to ventilation (provided that the ventilation gap is well-made), without causing harm to either the insulation or the wooden elements.
