4 pitched roof design. A hip roof is the basic principles for creating a modern home project. Step VII: Sheathing
A hip roof is a very popular type of roofing that allows you to give your home an original look. It is often used in projects quite big houses, since it looks more compact and neater than a gable with gables. Four design pitched roof may be simple or include various elements - attic and dormer windows, for example, they greatly enliven the design and make it unique.
A hipped roof differs favorably from a gable roof not only in appearance. It protects the building much more reliably from rain, snow and wind. The design of such a roof is more complex than that of a gable roof, but for small house or gazebos, a do-it-yourself hipped roof is not particularly difficult.
Types of hipped roof
A simple hip roof consists of two trapezoidal slopes and two triangular hip roofs. During its construction, methods of making layered rafters and hipped rafters are used.
Hip roof for a country house
The half-hip roof consists of two trapezoidal slopes and two cut-off hip roofs, under which there is a pediment. This design allows you to make it in the attic attic floor with big panoramic windows and at the same time does not reduce the reliability of the roof.
Hip roof differs from a simple hip one in that all four of its slopes are absolutely identical, they are isosceles triangles converging at one point.
A complex hipped roof may contain vertical attic windows with gables, valleys and connections to other building elements. To perform such a roof, it is better to resort to the services of specialists or use finished project and calculation of materials.
Elements of a hipped roof
A hip roof generally consists of the same elements as a gable roof, but its design features require the installation of additional frame components. The elements of a hipped roof include:
- Mauerlat - timber laid on the upper part external walls and taking the main load from the roof;
- Bedding - internal support beams laid on load-bearing walls or columns;
- Rafters - side and diagonal, or slanted. The side rafters form a trapezoidal roof slope, the slopes form a hip slope. The hip roof has no side rafters;
- Racks and trusses - vertical supports that support the rafter system;
- A ridge beam or purlin is a horizontal support for the rafters at the top of the roof. It is placed on racks and secured. The hip roof is made without ridge beams;
- Tie-rods or crossbars are horizontal elements that connect the side rafters and prevent them from moving apart;
- Narozhniki - elements laid on diagonal rafters and forming the frame of the slope;
- Struts and wind beams are struts that increase the strength of the roof and its ability to withstand loads;
- Fillers are boards that form the necessary overhang of the roof and are attached to the rafters in their lower part.
Depending on the roof structure, other elements may also be used, such as sheathing, protective strips, eaves over windows and porches.
To calculate the required amount of materials, you need to draw a sketch of the roof in advance, decide on its shape and dimensions, then make a scale drawing and calculate the required material.
Technology for constructing a hipped roof
- In order for the load to rafter system, roofing covering and snow swept onto the roof in winter period, was evenly distributed, longitudinal elements were laid on top of all load-bearing walls - mauerlat and planks. They are made from timber 100x150 mm or 150x150 mm, and in some cases from reinforced concrete beams. At self-construction At home, wood is usually used - this material is lighter and more convenient to process, so we will consider it. The timber is placed on the walls and secured with anchor pins. Studs are installed during the construction of walls, deepening them into the masonry. IN wooden buildings The upper crown of the frame serves as the supports. Between the Mauerlat and the wall, waterproofing must be done using two layers of roofing material. The beds are placed on the load-bearing partitions on which they will be installed support posts.
- If there are no internal partitions in the house or they are not located in the center of the roof, the racks are placed on reinforced floor beams. Floors are usually made of 50x200 mm boards. The beam on which the racks are installed carries an increased load, so it is made of two spliced boards or 100x200 mm timber.
- Install the support posts on the beams or floor beams. They are leveled using a plumb line or a water level, after which they are secured with temporary supports made of boards on self-tapping screws. The racks are attached to the floor or ceiling using a corner and metal plates. Racks for a simple hip roof are placed in one row in the center of the roof, under the ridge. The distance between them should not be more than two meters. To erect a hip roof, the racks are placed on the diagonal lines at an equal distance from the corner. The racks should form a rectangle that follows the shape of the perimeter of the house. The height of the racks is determined according to the roof design.
- Purlins are laid on the racks. For simple hip roof This is a ridge purlin laid on posts and forming the ridge of the roof. For a hip roof, the purlins are placed on racks in the form of a rectangle. They are secured to a corner and screws.
- Start installing the rafters. Side rafters on a simple hip roof are installed similarly to layered rafters gable roof: apply a board with a width similar to the width of the rafter board to the ridge beam in the area of the outer post - 150 mm. A template is made from it. The board for the template can be taken not so thick and heavy; 25 mm thickness is enough. On the template, mark the top cut, with which the rafter will rest on the ridge beam, and cut it out. Having attached the template to the ridge, they also mark the lower cut, with which the rafter will rest on the mauerlat. The finished template is applied to the ridge girder in the places where the side rafters are installed, checking the need to adjust each rafter in place. If the template fits perfectly, the rafters are marked and cut according to the template in the required quantity. They are installed on the ridge girder and mauerlat and secured with corners and screws or with brackets. The pitch of the rafters is from 0.5 to 1.5 meters.
- Diagonal rafters carry an increased load, so they are made of two boards joined together in thickness. The diagonal rafter template is made in a similar way. Diagonal rafters rest with their upper side on the post, and their lower side on the corner of the mauerlat, so cuts in the boards must be made at an angle of 45 degrees to the plane of the board.
- The distance between the diagonal rafters on the hip slopes is filled with flanges. They are installed with a pitch equal to the calculated pitch of the rafters and supported top part on the diagonal rafter, and the bottom - on the mauerlat. Usually a thinner board is used, since the rigs do not bear a significant load. A notch is made at the top of the board, and according to this pattern, half of the splices are made, the other half - in mirror image. The lower cuts are marked in place, and the ends of the splices, forming the overhang, are trimmed along the stretched cord after installation.
- The lower quarter of the diagonal rafters experiences the greatest load, so vertical supports - trusses - are placed under them. These racks are placed in the same way as ridge racks on reinforced beams - when preliminary calculating the floors, you need to lay them right away. Struts are placed under the side rafters, resting their lower edge against the beam or floor beams, and the upper edge against the rafter leg at an angle of about 45 degrees to the horizontal.
- They carry out the sheathing. On a hipped roof, you can use almost any roofing material, and the choice between or is a matter of taste and the features of their installation. Often as a covering for complex roofs use soft tiles, in this case the sheathing is made of solid plywood. The question is decided depending on the design of the house - when installing a residential attic in it, insulation is necessary, but if the attic is cold, it is not easy to build a hipped roof with your own hands, but with good skills in working with wood and roofing materials, this is a completely doable task. To better understand the construction process, you can also watch the video.
Choosing the type of roof for a future building project is very important stage construction. A mistake in this matter is costly: the integrity of the image is destroyed, harmony and respectability are lost. To cover a private house with your own hands large area architects and designers often recommend a hip roof. Its device successfully combines recognizable appearance, reliability and practicality that no homeowner can resist.
Appearance and design
A hipped type roof consists of four intersecting planes, slopes. Two of them triangular shape, called end ones, they replace pediments. The remaining two are trapezoidal, known as façade. The range of slope angles lies within 15-60 degrees, and the choice roofing material limited only by imagination.
The design of a hipped roof consists of the following mandatory elements:
- A ridge located at the very top of the roof, at the intersection of the planes of the slopes.
- Slopes, four surfaces located at an angle to the base of the roof and covered with roofing material.
- Overhangs, parts of the roof protruding beyond the perimeter of the base, necessary to protect the walls of the structure from water ingress. Overhangs are formed by lengthening the rafter legs or special parts - fillies.
- A rafter system that is not visible from the outside, but it is a frame, a support for a hipped roof, forming its geometry.
- A drainage system that removes excess liquid from the surface of a hipped roof. Typically, an external drain is installed, consisting of a gutter, a water inlet funnel and a vertical pipe.
- Snow guards, small sides located along the edges of the slopes, preventing the sudden collapse of the snow mass accumulated after a snowfall.
Varieties of forms
The term “four-slope” hides several types of roofs, consisting of the same number of slopes, but having different structures:
Design
Hip roof - complex design, requiring precise calculations and design. If previously these tasks were only possible experienced craftsmen and designers, now everyone can solve them using a computer and special software. During the calculations, a diagram is drawn up and determined:
The result of the design process is a diagram that reflects the actual dimensions and relative positions of the parts of a hipped roof.
Rafter system
A hip roof rests on a frame called a rafter system. Almost all of its elements are made of wood coniferous species. Since wood is a material natural origin, moisture and bacteria have a destructive effect on it. To reduce it, antiseptic treatment is carried out deep penetration and fire retardant for fire protection. Includes:
Do-it-yourself installation of a hipped roof is a great way to complement the architectural design of a private house. By putting in the effort and building it yourself or hiring professional craftsmen, the homeowner will become the owner of a comfortable, beautiful home!
Video instruction
A hip or hip roof is one of the most popular roofing options in the construction of individual housing around the world.
Unlike a gable roof of a house, on the sides of which gables are mounted, a hip roof has additional slopes in the shape of a triangle.
A do-it-yourself hipped roof is very difficult to make, and if you are interested in how to make a hipped roof, you should definitely familiarize yourself with the theoretical part first.
Before starting work, you should carefully calculate everything, draw up drawings and a project in which you need to indicate the placement various elements and other design features.
The calculation of a hipped roof and the design must take into account all the loads that will affect the building.
The structure must be very durable, able to withstand strong winds, snowfall and other weather conditions. Its service life also depends on how correctly the roof material is selected.
That is why, when creating a project and drawings, it is very important to calculate everything correctly. Project of a hipped roof in the photo:
Before creating a project and drawing of a hipped roof of a house, you must first find out the angle of inclination of the slopes, which depends on many factors, such as special purpose attic, choice of roof material, as well as features of atmospheric influences.
Most often, the angle of inclination of the roof of individual houses is from 5 to 60 degrees.
If in your region precipitation and winds are not very strong, then the angle of inclination of the structure may be insignificant.
If in your area there is often heavy rain and snowfall in winter, then the angle of inclination of the hipped roof of houses should be from 40-45 to 60 degrees.
The finishing material, as well as installation features, also depend on the option, what angle of inclination the structure will have:
- if the angle of inclination is less than 18 degrees, wavy and flat slate, and roll materials for roofing;
- when the angle of inclination is up to 30 degrees, varieties of tiles are usually used;
- For a roof with a slope angle of at least 30 degrees, piece material is usually used.
Calculation of the roof slope in the photo.
The design and calculation of the structure must take into account where all elements of the roofing system will be located. When you have determined the slope of the hipped roof, you also need to calculate the height of the ridge.
Rafter system of hipped roof
The installation of a roof for this type of private house involves calculating the required cross-section of the rafters. The calculation is made based on the loads that your hipped roof will receive.
Calculations, as well as the design of the structure, must include wind load, the maximum possible mass of snow in winter, and the angle of inclination of the roof.
When calculating the distance between the rafters, you need to evaluate their ability to withstand loads, as well as their safety margin, which should be 1.4 or more.
The type of structure of the rafter system depends on the characteristics of the building, and therefore can be different.
If there is bearing wall or supports made of pillars, then layered rafters are usually used, but if the installation of a support is impossible, then hanging rafters are made.
In some buildings, both types of rafters are used simultaneously.
When making a drawing and project for a future building, it is important not only to decide on the type of rafter system, but also to take into account additional elements fasteners that will give the structure strength and reduce the load on the beams.
Calculation of roof loads
When developing a drawing and design for the roof of individual houses, it is important to correctly calculate the loads.
Loads are of the following types:
- constant - the weight of the insulating material, various materials finishing and insulation, weight of materials
- for the roof and the weight of the sheathing;
- temporary - the weight of snow in winter, Negative influence wind;
- additional – various designs, which are attached to the roof.
When creating a design and drawing for the roof of your house, you should adhere to the average snow load, which is 180 kg per square meter.
But if the angle of inclination is 60 degrees or more, then the snow load is not taken into account.
As for wind loads, their average value is usually 35 kg per m2, but if the roof slope is less than 30 degrees, this amendment is not taken into account.
After all the calculations have been made, you can begin to select the material for the roofing.
The photo below shows a diagram of the structure of a hipped roof and the name of all structural elements.
Selection of materials for roofing
When the area of a hipped roof is covered with roofing material, a lot of waste is left behind.
Therefore, in order to cover the area of a hipped roof, roofing materials whose elements are small in size are usually chosen.
The most common materials for covering the roof area are flexible or ordinary tiles, slate sheets, ondulin, and metal tiles.
To build a roof that will last for several decades, you need to pay special attention to the selection of materials for the rafter system.
Typically, softwood lumber is used to construct a hipped roof.
Do not neglect the quality of wood; choose a material without defects that can further reduce the quality and durability of the structure.
An important criterion for choosing lumber is its moisture content, which should be no more than 15 - 20%.
If this indicator is exceeded, the timber should be dried before use, so that during service the hipped roof does not become distorted or deformed.
The installation of rafters for the roof of a house is usually carried out using rectangular timber, whose cross section for each individual case should be calculated.
To build such a structure, boards with a rectangular cross-section measuring 50 by 100, 50 by 200, 100 by 150 and others are usually used.
If the need arises, then during the work you can double the boards to obtain the desired diameter.
To build a hipped roof, special steel elements are often used that firmly hold the rafters in one position for many years.
In addition, supports for ridge girders are also often made of metal.
Construction of a hipped roof
All wooden parts for the roof frame they are treated with a special compound that will protect the wood from fire. In places where the timber will be adjacent to brick or stone, it must be wrapped in waterproofing.
The installation of a hipped roof begins by laying a mauerlat along the perimeter of the roof area of the building.
It is secured using wire loops or pins, which are embedded in the wall or floor slabs. Next, install the central beam, which is located on the central axis of the house.
It should rest on the floor slab or internal wall.
In order for the structure to be absolutely symmetrical, it is important to correctly calculate and mark the location of the diagonal rafters, as well as the ridge supports.
The height of the ridge must also be marked with maximum accuracy.
Clear symmetrical markings of the structure will distribute the load evenly and prevent future distortion of the roof.
After the Mauerlat has been installed along the perimeter of the roof area, beams are placed under the ridge girder. The height of the ridge must strictly comply with the design drawings.
Diagonal beams withstand high loads during service, so they must be installed very well.
If the length of the timber or board is not enough, the diagonal supports are made of two parts. To ensure that the joint does not experience extreme load, a support beam is installed under it.
The structure can be made most rigid if the joint with the support is located at a distance equal to a quarter of the length of the rafter beam from its upper edge, which is attached to the ridge.
It is best to install diagonal rafters using prefabricated rafter legs, which are easy to install. You can watch the process of installing diagonal rafters in the video.
The construction of this roof involves the installation of not only full-length rafters that are connected to the ridge, but also those that are attached to diagonal beams - rafts.
The closer to the corner of the house, the shorter the narozhniki.
The distance between the rafters is determined during the development of the roof project, but it should be taken into account that each slope must have at least three central rafter beams.
To give the structure maximum rigidity, supports, braces and tie-downs are attached in the required places. The rafter fastening diagram can be seen in the photo.
The final stage of the roof installation is the installation of rafter sheathing. Typically, timber measuring 50 by 50 mm is used for sheathing. The lathing pitch depends on what roofing material you have chosen.
If area attic space will be used as a living room, ventilation should also be installed.
Today, all manufacturers of roofing materials also offer ridge parts of the same textures and colors.
The main ridge and ridges that cover the gaps between the main slopes and the hips are installed on the hipped roof.
The installation of the hipped roof is completed by installing eaves and gutters. The whole process is shown in the video.
The hip roof (hip) is one of the most popular roofing structures in the field of private housing construction. A hipped roof, unlike gable roof structures, has additional triangular slopes. How to make a hipped roof yourself? To do this, you first need to study it design features, construction technology. After creating a roof project: calculate required amount building material, create drawings with the exact placement of all structural elements, and indicate other points.
In this article
Types of hipped roof structures
- A hip roof is a classic version of a hip roof with two trapezoidal and two triangular slopes.
- Half hip roof structure – hip roof, in which the triangular slopes are shortened. This option is used if there is an attic.
- Hip roof - the roof structure resembles a pyramid, all four slopes are triangular in shape. It is used to cover buildings with a square structure; you can make a hipped roof for a gazebo.
Advantages of using a hip roof
The design of the hipped roof consists of rectangular base, four inclined planes, slopes, two of which are trapezoidal in shape, and two triangular, located in the area where the gable roofing structure pediments are placed. Attic windows, dormer windows, bay windows, and cuckoo windows are installed on the slopes. This gives the roof a special look.
The main advantages of using a hipped roof structure
- Due to the absence of gables, such a roof is more stable than a gable roof against strong wind loads, therefore it is recommended for construction in regions where strong gusty winds prevail.
- A larger number of slopes is more effective in draining melt, rainwater and snow. Snow is practically not retained on such structures.
- Under such a structure you can arrange a fairly spacious attic space.
- Another important advantage of a hipped roof is the affordable cost of the structure due to the use of building material made of wood for arranging the rafter system, on which a roofing covering can be laid at any price.
Creating a hip roof project
How to build a hipped roof with your own hands? To do this, you must first prepare a design project with drawings and detailed details of its installation. To correctly determine optimal angle slope of the slopes, you need to carefully study the recommendations of the roofing manufacturer and climatic conditions. For example, for slate the recommended slope angle can be from 15 to 60 degrees, for rolled soft roof
- up to 18 degrees, for tiles - 30-60 degrees.
Important! The amount of precipitation in winter is of great importance. In case of heavy snowfall, it is better to make the slopes steeper so that the snow can easily roll off the roof. Having selected the optimal pitched roof angle for your region, you need to calculate the height of the ridge and its other parameters. When calculating the rafter system, it is necessary to take into account the length of the rafters, cross-section wooden beam
, run size, installation step.
- When creating a hip roof project, you also need to take into account the following loads:
- weight of waterproofing and insulating coating;
- amount of annual precipitation;
- wind, snow load;
- arrangement of additional elements on the roof: skylights, lights, antennas, etc.
Important! Having calculated all possible loads on the roof structure, it is necessary to add a certain margin of safety, which will guarantee the stability of the roof in unforeseen circumstances.
Also, all purchased lumber for the construction of the rafter system must be pre-treated with an antiseptic.
Rafter system
The design of a hipped roof involves the selection of a specific cross-section of the components of the rafter system. The cross-section is selected depending on the calculation of the expected loads on the rafter system during the operational period. In this case, wind factors must be taken into account. snow loads, the angle of inclination of the roof slopes used.
It is imperative to provide a safety margin for the rafters, calculate the pitch, taking them into account bearing capacity. The design of the rafter system is selected in relation to the parameters of the building: it is recommended to use inclined rafters if there are columnar supports or an internal load-bearing wall. If the possibility of forming such supporting structure is missing, then it is necessary to equip the rafter system hanging type
. For some types of buildings, both options for rafter systems are used. When creating a project, you need not only to choose the right rafter system, but also to determine the need for additional fastening elements, for example, ties, braces, which give the structure greater rigidity and prevent it from loosening after long-term operation
, and also reduce the percentage of load on the rafters themselves.
Load calculation
When considering in detail how to make a hipped roof yourself, it is recommended to pay special attention to the calculations of possible loads on the roof structure.
- Types of possible roof loads:
- loads that constantly affect the roof - this is the mass of the sheathing, protective materials (waterproofing, insulation), roofing material;
- temporary (non-permanent) loads - the mass of snow accumulated on the roof in winter, wind loads, and other environmental influences; additional loads are additional elements fixed to the rafters, for example, a water tank, cameras ventilation system
When designing a rafter system, two calculations are made, one of which is aimed at analyzing the strength (you need to make sure that the system can withstand the expected loads). Another calculation is aimed at analyzing the possible deformation of all roof elements.
After all the required calculations have been made, drawings of the rafter system of the hipped (attic) roof are made. Detailed diagram must contain the dimensions of each component, as well as the method of their fastening.
Today you can significantly simplify calculations for the rafter system of a hipped roof structure using computer program, which will also help prevent accidental errors.
The final stage of arranging a hipped (attic) roof is its insulation. For this, it is recommended to use polystyrene foam or basalt wool. Insulation material placed between the rafters. It is also necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing to protect the roof from moisture.
Eventually
A hip roof is a fairly complex structure to construct with your own hands. Therefore, before you start covering your house with roofing material yourself, you should thoroughly study the construction technology similar design, consult with experts in this field. The length of its service life will depend on how correctly and efficiently all stages of roof construction are carried out.
When building your own home, a lot of responsibility falls on your shoulders. You have to deal with a lot of issues and participate in the construction process. After all reliable roof overhead will ensure a comfortable life.
Difficulties always attract people. It’s not for nothing that they say: “We are not looking for easy ways.” This happens in construction too. Hip roof It has complex shape, giving the building a special look. This architecture attracts many. This type especially popular in construction country houses. On cottage a good option would be to build a hipped roof.
In this article
View
The location of 4 slopes on different sides gives your home solid look. Often the slopes have different shapes: a couple of them are in the shape of a triangle and play the role of a pediment, and some are given the shape of a trapezoid.
Difficulties with a hipped roof during calculations and installation frighten off many people, but if you do not doubt your abilities, then you can safely carry out the construction.
Design advantages
A do-it-yourself hipped roof has the following advantages:
- the absence of gables makes the roof more durable and resistant to gusts of wind. This type of roofing is suitable for areas with windy weather conditions;
- the presence of 4 slopes copes more effectively with the drainage of melt and rain water, as well as snow;
- the attic space becomes more spacious, which is ideal for the location of the attic;
- the construction of a 4-pitched roof will cost no more than other types.
Types
When making a hipped roof with your own hands, you can distinguish several of its subtypes:
- hip - is a classic option. It has 2 triangular hips and 2 trapezoid-shaped slopes;
- half-hip - has slightly shortened slopes. Excellent for use in the attic;
- tent - made in the form of a pyramid. Ideal for a square building.
Project
Before proceeding directly to construction, it is necessary to create a roofing project in order to avoid making mistakes in the future. How to build a roof? It will help in this matter step by step instructions. Having familiarized ourselves with the design of the house, we proceed to the following:
- We calculate the slope angle of the slopes based on indicators such as wind load, precipitation in your area, and type of roofing material. In areas with strong gusts of wind, it is advisable to make the angle of inclination less than 30 degrees, thus reducing windage. In areas that are constantly covered by precipitation, the desired roof angle is not lower than 65 degrees to prevent the accumulation of snow and water. In areas with a more or less stable climate, a roof of 40 to 50 degrees is ideal. For each type of material, the manufacturer indicates the lowest operating angle;
- We calculate the height of the ridge using a number of simple geometry formulas.
Rafter system design
The rafter system of the hipped roof forms the roof frame. It consists of the following elements:
- Mauerlat - a beam located along the perimeter of the walls and distributing the load on them. The hip roof has 4 beams. If the house is wooden, then the mauerlat will be the blocks of the upper crowns. IN brick house A concrete belt is created on top of the walls, into which special studs are embedded. The Mauerlat is then attached to them;
- the ridge beam, or purlin, is located above all the elements. The upper part of the rafters is attached to it. For a 4-pitched roof it is less than the length of the house;
- rafter legs- boards that create the geometry of the slopes. Their cross section is 50 x 150 mm. For a hipped roof, 3 types of rafters are used: slanted, ordinary, and external. Installation of ordinary rafter legs is carried out on slopes in the form of a trapezoid. Sloping rafters are made from more durable material, since the load on them is greater. The upper part of the mowing rests on the ridge run, and the lower part on the corner of the mauerlat. The hip is formed by external rafters. They focus on the rafter legs diagonally and the support beam;
- beam - a beam that lays a supporting wall located inside the building. Functionally, the bench transfers weight and distributes it to the foundation;
- vertical supports are racks, mounting occurs on a flat surface. They serve as a support for the middle of the rafters and purlins;
- rafter leg, or strut. Its installation angle is 45 degrees to the rafters. The emphasis is on the rack. It is used to prevent the rafters from bending, to transfer part of the weight to the load-bearing wall;
- the sprengel is used to support sloping rafters. This is a vertical support, similar to a rack. Truss trusses are used most often;
- tightening, or crossbar, are bars in a horizontal position that grip rafter pairs in the upper and lower parts;
- fillies - boards that extend the rafters and protect the walls from dampness, forming a roof overhang.
Installation procedure
A hipped roof begins with the installation of a mauerlat, which we lay around the perimeter of the walls. Its cross-section is 150 x 150 mm. When placing it, it is necessary to control its level. The beam should be located 5–7 cm from the edge of the wall. We fasten using pre-walled studs. The nuts are screwed on top. Such a beam will connect the structure of the rafters and the walls of the house into a single whole.
To install the racks, you need floor beams and beams. The size of the timber of such elements is 100 x 200 mm. Installation of supports is carried out vertically with fastening with plates or angles. When using a hip roof, the racks are placed in 1 row, and a purlin is attached on top. A hip roof involves placing supports diagonally. Equal distances are laid off from the corner. Thus, we get a rectangle on which we lay the purlins. We fasten everything using a corner.
Installation of roof truss system
The next step is to make rafter templates. We install side rafters along them. A thin board is suitable for the workpiece. We apply it to the run and mark the cut. With the second end, which is located at the Mauerlat, we also mark the gash. We manufacture required quantity rafters using a template. After selecting the fastening step, we perform installation. The step can be from 60 cm to 1 m. We make the connection with self-tapping screws.
The angle of inclination of the slope is determined by the slanted rafters. Place them diagonally for additional load. Often double boards are used for them. We also make cuts according to a template. The upper part of the slanted rafters is connected by a crossbar to give strength.
A hip roof connects the slanted rafters near the ridge using tie-rods. Installation occurs at an angle of 90 degrees. Wire clamps connect to the walls.
We attach the frames to the diagonal rafters. Their length can be varied, but they must be parallel to each other. Ordinary and external rafters together form side slopes.
The DIY hipped roof has come to completion. The last stage is its insulation using basalt wool or foamed polystyrene. We lay the material between the rafters. A layer of waterproofing will protect from moisture. The sheathing directly depends on the type of roof material.
In this video you can learn more about the construction and design of a hip roof:
