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Do you have lice? Can lice appear due to nervous conditions in a child or adult: myth or reality. Lice: where you can get infected, what is the danger. How to cure pediculosis

Are lice transmitted from person to person? Yes, there is only one way to transmit pediculosis - this is when an insect gets on the body healthy person from a patient.

How are lice transmitted from person to person? Pediculosis is transmitted during everyday contact or if one clothing is used, combs for two. More rarely, lice are transmitted through bedding and pillows.

For this reason, there is an opinion that lice can appear due to nervous conditions. During periods of stress, the amount of sweat produced in a person increases significantly, which attracts insects. But head lice is not directly related to psychological health.

Where can you get lice? More often Lice infestation occurs in crowded places. These include hospitals, schools, kindergartens, buildings catering(especially if there are shared hangers).

Is it possible to get lice in a pool or river? Yes, you need to take into account that lice are quite easily transmitted through water. That is, visiting a public pool or swimming in rivers can actually cause the transmission of lice.

Lice are not afraid of water and can stay in it for up to 2 days, remaining active. But the insects cannot control their movement into it.

Now that you are more or less aware of how you can get lice, let's move on to another one. interesting topic- erroneous opinions that people have about the ways of transmission of head lice.

Known Misconceptions

It is necessary to refute popular misconceptions regarding methods of lice infection:

There are a whole host of other myths about how people become infected with lice, but it’s worth remembering that transmission is possible only through close contact or by sharing certain personal items(combs, curlers, outerwear).

Thanks to the information presented above, you know what pediculosis is, how this disease is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy one, and now let's talk about the infection process itself.

Infection process

How does lice infestation occur? In medicine, there is no such thing as lice infection. There is also no human immunity to this disease.

The exception is those who are completely shorn. Lice cannot exist in such conditions, since in order to reproduce they must attach their cocoons to the hair.

How quickly do lice reproduce after infection? The contact of just one female on the hairline will be quite enough for the subsequent spread of insects. She will definitely lay eggs within 3-4 days, and after a few days a whole column of larvae will appear from them.

Gallery

Additional information

How to protect yourself from infection? The only one effective method– this is timely prevention and compliance with personal hygiene rules. It wouldn’t hurt to check your hair at least once a week. for the presence of nits.

They are not dangerous to health and only cause temporary discomfort. If you suspect an infection, you should seek help from a therapist or local doctor. Or you can use the old “old fashioned” method – vinegar. By the way, doctors also use it.

Children and adolescents are the most vulnerable. Adults are especially outraged by the situation when eggs are found on a child’s hair, but there are no adults. Can there be nits without lice, or should I look better?

Features of head lice

• Adults begin immediately after the completion of the last nymphal stage. One copulation is enough to fertilize all the eggs of the female. The louse lays about 4 eggs daily. adult from 30 to 40 days.
• Nits are attached to the hair using a sticky adhesive substance. When exposed to air, it hardens, providing a strong hold. Nits cannot be washed off with shampoo or combed out with a regular comb. This is the main thing.
• Based on the location of the eggs on the hair, the approximate time of infection can be determined. The louse lays its very first clutches at a distance of 1 cm from the roots. As hair grows, it appears on any part of the head.
• The larva develops in the egg from 7 to 14 days. A creature is born that looks like adult lice, but is small in size - up to 1 mm. Nymphs go through 3 molts per week. They transform into a sexually mature louse.

where they don’t disappear even after the larvae emerge. The eggs are not able to move onto the head of a healthy person. Therefore, the question often arises: why are there nits, but not lice?

Reasons for unusual situations

Note!

There is nothing mysterious about having nits on a head without lice. The situation is logically explainable. We did not notice during examination, the adult left its head by accident, measures were taken to ensure that... Always means that there was an adult in the hair to begin with. Larvae cannot exist without an imago for physiological reasons.

What lice and nits look like

A person can be “attacked” by three types of lice:

In laboratory conditions, these varieties interbreed and produce fertile offspring, but in the natural environment, insects exist in isolation from each other.

How are they different?

A louse is a gray-brown bug measuring 0.4-6 mm, with six legs. A nit is a louse egg covered with a special membrane. The “cocoon” has a spindle-shaped shape and a “lid” through which the mature larva emerges from the capsule. At the bottom there is a belt that encircles the egg and the hair to which it is attached. The length of the nit is 0.7-0.8 mm, the diameter of the capsule is about 0.4 mm.

Outside the human head, lice live no more than two days - that’s how long they can survive without food. If the temperature environment drops to 10-12°C, pests can “last” longer – about ten days.

Life cycle of insects

The life cycle of a head louse living in human hair consists of four stages.

Fertilization and oviposition

A louse that is about two weeks old is capable of producing offspring. After fertilization by the male and the “meal”, the female lays eggs. It happens like this.

• Egg maturation. While the louse moves up the hair, the egg descends through the oviduct in the insect’s body, passing through the glands that cover it with a special composition.
• Egg release. Through the secretion, the egg, emerging through the anus, is attached to the hair at a distance of 2-3 cm from the root.
• Attaching to hair. After a few minutes, the shell becomes so strong that it is not possible to remove the nit from the hair even with fingernails.

The louse chooses loose hair to lay eggs. There can be more than one nit on one curl only if there are a lot of insects.

Larval development

The larva develops in the cocoon in five to eight days. Ripening time depends on environmental conditions. The most favorable temperature for nits is 33 °C. When the indicator drops to 22 °C or rises to 40 °C, the development of the insect stops.

At temperatures above 45 °C the larva dies; at 0 °C it can survive for two to three months. However, even in winter, the temperature of the human scalp rarely drops below 25°C, so lice can successfully develop all year round.

Exit from the capsule

A mature larva squeezes out the lid of the “cocoon” and begins to breathe. The inhaled air passes through the insect's esophagus and, exiting through the anus, accumulates in the lower part of the membrane. Under pressure, the larva is pushed out of the cocoon. The “birth” process takes only a few minutes.

Transformation into an adult

The larva emerging from the egg resembles an adult, but is smaller in size and is not capable of producing offspring. The insect grows within 14-16 days, during which three molts occur. After the latter, the pest is able to reproduce, which it does, almost immediately mating with an individual of the opposite sex.

Lice multiply on a person's head very quickly. Each female at favorable conditions lays about ten eggs per day.

How dangerous is lice for humans?

1. Risk of contracting dangerous diseases. Pests are carriers of typhus and trench fever, but modern conditions This rarely happens.
2. Possibility of wound infection. Lice leave bite marks on the skin, through which infection can enter the bloodstream.
3. Dermatological lesions. Bite marks provoke the appearance of bluish spots, allergic reactions, and sometimes pustular formations and pyoderma.
4. Uncomfortable sensations. Finding lice on the head is associated with constant itching and burning.
5. Difficulty in social contacts. When communicating with other people, a person who has lice in his hair feels awkward. In addition, it is dangerous for others, since the risk of infection is high.

How can you “get hooked”

How do people become infected with lice and how can you tell if there are lice on your head? Doctors have found out where human lice come from and how they crawl from a “sick” head to a “healthy” one. Two routes of infection with pediculosis have been identified.

1. From person to person. Most often, insects are transmitted in this way. This happens when people share the same bed and sit close to each other.
2. Through personal hygiene items and clothing. When using towels, combs, hairpins and elastic bands together, pests also “travel” from head to head. You can become infected by wearing a hat, hooded jacket, or other clothing worn by a person with lice.

Nits, unlike lice, can be transmitted from person to person in exceptional cases, since they are tightly attached to the hair.

"Risk" public places

You can pick up lice anywhere through close contact with an infected person or when using his personal belongings. Most often this happens in:

• schools;
• kindergartens;
• public transport;
• cinemas.

Pediculosis can even be contracted in public bathing areas, such as a swimming pool. In poor areas of India, infection often occurs while swimming in the river.

Common Myths

Some word of mouth information about lice is incorrect. Here are five of the most common myths.

There is an opinion that lice can appear due to nervous conditions. Oddly enough, this is partly true. There is evidence that insects are more likely to “attack” those who are prone to anxiety and worry. Such people have a strong blood pulsation, excessive sweating, and their body odor is attractive to insects.

Incubation period

When lice “settle” on the head, they begin to bite immediately, however, with a small number of insects, a person does not attach much importance to the unpleasant sensations. Only after three to four weeks, when there are many pests, signs of their presence become noticeable.

How to detect uninvited “guests”...

The very first sign of head lice is itchy skin. After a pest bites, a wound is formed into which its saliva enters, causing irritation. When there are few lice, the itching is minor and is rarely associated with the presence of insects. However, the more of them there are, the more unbearable these sensations become.

The appearance of itching does not mean infection with pediculosis; the diagnosis can only be confirmed by the detection of insects and nits. Adult lice are quite difficult to see: they live on the skin and move quickly. Most often, nits are the first to be discovered. You can see light capsules with eggs with the naked eye, they are especially noticeable on dark straight hair. Sometimes nits are mistaken for dandruff.

... and distinguish it from dandruff

You can distinguish dandruff from nits by four signs.

1. Quantity. The amount of dandruff is always approximately the same, while the number of nits increases day by day.
2. Appearance. Dandruff flakes may be various sizes, reaching 5 mm, the size of nits is approximately the same - no more than 0.8 mm. Upon careful examination, a dark egg can be seen through the nit shell; the empty capsule has a yellow or gray tint. Dandruff is always evenly distributed white.
3. Sound. If you press on the nit, you can hear a characteristic click.
4. The quality of the "coupling". Dandruff can be easily brushed off your hair, but nits are firmly attached to your hair.

How to do a head examination

Detecting lice can be difficult, especially if your hair is light and curly, or there aren't many pests yet. You can look at photos on the Internet to see how they look. Pictures and photographs cannot always show how lice spread. The only sure way is combing with a special comb with fine teeth. They can be white or black. You can see what a nit looks like under a microscope. But it is advisable to entrust the examination to medical staff, but you can carry out the procedure at home.

How to proceed

1. Sit in a well-lit area.
2. Comb your hair with a regular comb, separating any tangled curls.
3. Comb one strand with a special fine-tooth comb.
4. Immediately after combing, wipe the tool with a white napkin or cotton pad: lice and nits will be visible against a light background if they are present on the head.
5. Comb several strands in this manner.

Your child attends kindergarten or school - and then one day you notice that he is scratching his head somehow suspiciously. You part the strands of hair on his head - and... oh horror! Among the beautiful curls there is a whole “menagerie”! This is a familiar situation, isn’t it? It is probably difficult to find a mother who has never fallen into it. And now you are asking the eternal question: what to do? Douse the baby's hair in kerosene the old fashioned way or shave his head bald?

Of course not! This is barbarism. Everything is much simpler. After all, now there are more humane methods fight against lice. However, let's take a closer look at the “gift” your little one can bring home.

“Uninvited guest” - what kind of “beast” are you?

So let's get started...

The head louse is a nimble insect, which lives on the scalp. It has a flattened body, the length of which in a mature individual is about 4 mm. Due to the special structure of their oral organs head louse pierces the host's skin and sucks out its blood, eating it once every two to three hours. Therefore, she cannot live for a long time without food: only a day or two. The saliva secreted by a louse during a bite prevents blood from clotting, which causes skin irritation and itching. That's why the child scratches his head. The head louse has three pairs of legs, at the ends of which there are hooks of a certain diameter. With them she clings tightly to the hair on her head.

On average, at a temperature of +28°C, headache the louse lives for about a month, and at a temperature of +44°C it dies. Throughout my entire life a sexually mature female (mother louse) lays from 150 to 300 eggs(nits) - on average from 4 to 10 eggs per day. The female attaches nits closer to the hair roots using a sticky liquid secreted.

Lice development cycle

A larva, a nymph, emerges from the laid egg after 7-10 days. 10-12 days after “birth” it turns into a sexually mature individual capable of laying eggs.

Where and how can you “catch” a head louse?

She does not fly or jump, but she moves quite quickly (she covers a distance of about 25 cm in a minute). Therefore, it can quickly climb from one owner to another. Especially with severe overcrowding of children, which occurs in schools, kindergartens and holiday camps, in children’s playgrounds and in other places.

A healthy child becomes infected from a sick child:

* with direct contact of the heads of two children;

* through things when children borrow them from each other: hats, scarves, sweaters, combs and hair decorations, outerwear and others;

* there is a possibility of infection in a common locker room or even public transport(usually through headrests);

* sleeping in the same bed with a child infested with lice.

And the point here is not at all that the rules of personal hygiene are not observed. On the contrary, the louse is especially “loves” clean and well-groomed children. Since in this case the scalp is clean, it is therefore easier to pierce it and get food without much effort, and it is much easier to hold on to clean hair.

By the way, It is impossible to get infected with nits, because they don’t move at all.

How to detect “uninvited guests”?

Mature individuals are transparent, making them difficult to find. However, after drinking blood, they acquire a brownish-reddish tint. But even in this case, there is no guarantee that you will find the “little animals” quickly, since they move very quickly. And a lot depends on the hair color.

Therefore it is more realistic find nits. Before you start looking for them, ensure good source light and only then, strand by strand, examine the child’s hair. Pay attention to the favorite places of lice - where it is warmer and the skin is thinner: behind the ears, on the back of the head and temples.

However, remember that:

* Live nits are shiny, yellowish-white, elongated eggs measuring 1-1.5 mm, securely attached closer to the roots of the hair. In addition, if you crush a live nit between your nails, you will hear a peculiar sound (crackling). Nits are quite difficult to remove from hair.

*Dead nits are brownish in color.

* Empty egg shells (without an embryo) are white and somewhat reminiscent of dandruff.

While searching for “little animals” and their eggs, pay attention to the child’s scalp. If you see red dots on it, then these are bite marks. This means that someone has already “feasted” here.

How dangerous is a head louse?

Some sources contain information that the head louse is a carrier of typhus, relapsing fever, and Volyn fever. And this is true. However, in reality everything is not so simple. The louse must be crushed (which sometimes happens when combing), and the leaked liquid must be rubbed into the wounds on the head (sites of bites and scratches). And only after this does infection occur.

While the bites themselves are also not always safe: they often lead to the development of dermatitis and irritation on the scalp. In addition, when a child scratches his head, he can introduce infection into the wounds from bites and scratching. In this case, the occipital and cervical lymph nodes sometimes become enlarged.

Besides, you will agree that it is not very pleasant to have your head constantly itching.

We destroy lice: don’t panic!

Of course, you must first visit a doctor, but in fact, the number of people dealing with this problem is low. Many people immediately run to the pharmacy, because modern pharmacology is replete with drugs to combat lice.

Moreover, each manufacturer praises its product, publishing information that it is safe and promising to get rid of “uninvited guests” in one use. Is this so? After all, we are talking about the health of the baby. Let's figure it out.

Lice control products

For external use two groups of drugs are used.

1. Insecticides - chemical compounds

• Permitin preparations: Medifox, Hygia, Nyx, Nittifor
• Phenothrin preparations: Aniti-bit, Veda
• Malathion preparations: Pedilin, Para-plus

They are produced in the form of shampoos, soaps, aerosols, emulsions, gels, creams.

How do they work?

Paralyze nervous system lice, so they die. After all, all processes in their body stop: breathing, movement, cardiac activity, and so on. The instructions state that these drugs are practically safe. However, in reality this is not always the case. Since they often cause allergic reactions, dry the scalp, increase hair fragility, and lead to the formation of dandruff.

In addition, in lately Lice are increasingly developing resistance to these drugs.

2. Preparations based on mineral oils - dimethicones. They are safer because they rarely cause allergic reactions. Additional benefit Another advantage is that they do not irritate the scalp and lice do not develop an addiction to them.

This group includes Paranit, Pediculen Ultra, Nyuda and ROSH TOV Double impact.

The drugs are available in the form of an aerosol, shampoo, and lotion. Some of them are equipped with a special fine-tooth comb and a magnifying glass.

How do they work?

Oils clog the respiratory corpuscles of lice, larvae and nits, which means they actually suffocate. In addition, under the influence of drugs, lice's water balance is disrupted and dehydration occurs.

However, no matter which tool you choose - based on chemical substance or natural oils- remember that they are not recommended for use by children under three years of age, pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers. In these cases, it is still better to consult a doctor.

Another important point: these drugs will not get rid of lice in just one go, because, alas, they do not completely destroy nits, because the eggs have a rather thick shell. But these preparations still dissolve the glue that attaches the nits, and after treatment they are easier to comb out.

Therefore, you will have to treat your head again after 7-10 days (remember the development cycle of lice). This approach gets rid of lice in 99.9% of cases, and three-time treatment at regular intervals completely cures them.

The exception is Paranit® Sensitive. Manufacturers claim that it completely destroys nits and lice within 8 hours (that’s how long the treatment lasts).

How to process?

It's not that complicated. The main thing is to strictly adhere to the instructions of the drug: how to apply, cover your hair or not.

There is no need to overexpose it. Firstly, there is no point (living individuals will die within the time specified in the instructions, and the product will not have much effect on nits), and secondly, it can cause harm.

However, some general rules still exist:

*Before use, make sure that the child does not have allergies for the drug you have chosen. Therefore on the skin inner surface Apply a little product to your forearms and leave it on for 20 minutes. If after this time there is no itching or redness on the skin, then the product can be used.

* Before treatment, be sure to cover your face and cover your baby’s shoulders with a towel. so that the product does not accidentally come into contact with the skin or eyes. And only then apply it.

*After the allotted time has elapsed wash off the drug with shampoo, but in such a way that water does not get into other parts of the body or into the eyes.

* Use a special fine-tooth comb to remove nits and dead lice from damp hair. After combing each strand from the end to the ends of the hair, do not forget to thoroughly clean the comb with a napkin or rinse it under running water.

* Wash and iron clothes, underwear, bedding with an iron and steamer. After all, lice die at high temperatures.

* For items that cannot be washed, arrange a two-day “quarantine”. Because lice do not live long without food.

What to do if your child is allergic?

In this case, all anti-pediculosis drugs are not recommended. There is only one way out - combing out:

* Wash your child's hair with regular shampoo, then lightly towel dry and apply liberally of hair conditioner. At the same time, lice move less actively.

This procedure must be carried out at least four times within two weeks. Thus, the development cycle of lice will be disrupted.

However, remember that this method is ineffective, so relapse is possible.

Be vigilant or How to prevent infection?

Of course, there are no 100% methods that will protect a child from bringing a “gift” home in his hair. However, it is possible to reduce this danger.

Prevention begins with the work of medical workers in schools and kindergartens. Because they must regularly check their students for nits and lice.

However, b O The greater responsibility still lies with you.

*Make it a rule Check your child for nits and lice once every 7-10 days.

* Periodically iron your child's hair with a hair straightener, since lice and nits die at high temperatures.

*Explain to your child several rules of conduct at school or kindergarten:

You cannot share a hat, scarf, comb, or hair jewelry with other children.

Before hanging your outerwear in the common locker room, you need to turn it over on the wrong side and turn the outside inward. This will reduce the likelihood of infection, because the louse does not know how to move on a smooth surface.

* If a girl has long hair, then put it in a ponytail or tie it in braids - the likelihood of infection will decrease.

* Wash your child's hair with Algopix shampoo, it contains pine tar. Of course, it does not fight lice, but it has a specific smell that they do not “favor”. You cannot use this shampoo all the time, so use it only if someone has lice at school or kindergarten.

When can I go to school or kindergarten?

In fact, if you have treated your child with an effective remedy, then he is no longer contagious - provided that you repeat the procedure after 7-10 days. Therefore, he can return to his home the very next day. children's group.

Silence or inform?

Pediculosis is not the most pleasant topic, so I don’t want to tell anyone about it.

However, imagine the situation: you have dealt with lice, but the baby has to return to the same children's group from which he brought home the “gift”. He will communicate with his desk neighbor, play with other children, and take off his clothes in the locker room. That is, he will fall into the same conditions.

What to do? Of course, there is no need to be indignant. After all, no one is immune from this trouble. Therefore, it is better to approach the teacher or kindergarten teacher and calmly explain the situation. Next she will call nurse, which will examine all the children.

Perhaps this is all that could be said about this annoying problem. However, in conclusion, I would like to remind you: no one is safe from infection. Therefore, be careful!

resident physician of the children's department

What are lice afraid of?

Hello! I very carefully monitored my daughter’s health in the first years of her life.

Now imagine how worried I was when in the kindergarten she went to, one girl caught lice. I then took a whole range of measures to protect the child from potential infection.

Head lice feed exclusively on human blood. Every two to three hours they arrange a “bloody meal” for themselves, digging into the scalp with their piercing-sucking proboscis. The characteristic itching occurs due to the saliva of the head louse, which it leaves behind when sucking blood.

Without human blood, lice can usually survive no longer than one day. Contrary to popular belief, head lice cannot jump or fly. They crawl from head to head when hair touches.

Head lice are not afraid of water. Even underwater, lice can firmly grasp human hair with their tenacious paws. However, since water does not penetrate the lice's respiratory tract, they can survive several hours underwater. It is also impossible to wash off nits with water.

For this reason, lice almost always live in hair and do not spread, contrary to misconceptions, to hats, plush toys or upholstered furniture. Head lice not found on a human head are usually already dead.

Vinegar is powerless against lice. Vinegar is not able to kill lice. But rinsing in vinegar can still make it easier to comb out nits after treatment with a pediculicide.

Head lice are not afraid of hot air. The favorite place for lice on the head is the warm spots behind the ears or on the temples. Therefore, these areas should be especially carefully checked if a lice infestation is suspected. Hot air does not harm lice. The idea that lice can be removed in a sauna or with a hairdryer is erroneous.

source: http://www.medlinks.ru/article.php?sid=46383

How to get rid of lice, why should lice and nits be afraid, what smell are they afraid of?

If to destroy adult individuals it is enough to treat the head with a special agent just once, strictly following the instructions, then in order to remove all the nits you need to make a lot of effort and be patient.

Over many years of fighting lice and nits, people have invented a lot of ways to quickly and effectively get rid of these insects in the shortest possible time.

Pharmacy drugs

Industrial or pharmacy preparations are very convenient to use; the proportions of all ingredients are precisely calculated in them, and if you follow the instructions, the treatment will be quick and effective.

Products to combat head lice are available in different forms, they are all equally effective and each buyer can choose the most suitable method of treating the head.

Shampoo. Preferred to be used by parents of young children. In order not to frighten the child with various ointments or aerosols, head treatment is carried out in an atmosphere familiar to the child, in the form of a simple hair wash.

As a rule, after the first treatment, all adult insects die and after a short period of time (5-7 days), it is recommended to repeat the treatment.

Aerosol or spray. The form of the drug is very convenient to use; you can carry out the head treatment procedure yourself without resorting to anyone’s help. It is enough to apply the product evenly over the entire surface of the head, wait for the time recommended in the instructions and rinse.

Creams and ointments. Products such as creams and ointments are suitable exclusively for short hair, as they have an oily structure and are difficult to wash out. The processing principle is not complicated: just apply evenly to the entire surface of the head, wait for a certain time and rinse.

Traditional methods

No less popular than pharmaceutical drugs. They are highly effective and in many cases at a budget price. The most effective ones include the following:

Attention!

Vinegar solution. To prepare, you need to take simple table vinegar 9% and dilute it clean water in a ratio of 1:2, so that the resulting solution of vinegar is no more than 5%.

The principle of application is simple:

1. Distribute evenly throughout the head and hair.
2. Wrap your head tightly with cling film.
3. Keep for 30-40 minutes.
4. Wash off with shampoo.

Advantages: instantly kills live lice and weakens the attachment of nits, after this treatment they are easier to remove from the hair.

Disadvantages: if the acid concentration is incorrect (more than 5%), there is a high risk of getting a chemical burn.

Kerosene. Never used in its pure form. To treat the head, a certain mixture is prepared, which includes kerosene. There are a lot of recipes for such mixtures and each person chooses the most suitable one for himself individually.

Advantages: High efficiency, budget price. Flaws:

• Toxic substance, not recommended for use by children and elderly people.
• There is a high probability of chemical burns and intoxication.

Dust soap. Very strong remedy, instantly kills lice and nits, but belongs to the category of poisons that tend to accumulate in the human body and are not removed from it on their own. DDT poisoning can be fatal. Banned for use in many countries.

Pros: Very effective remedy from lice and nits.

Flaws:

• A powerful, aggressive poison dangerous to humans.
• Not available for free sale.
• It is strictly not recommended for use by children and people with poor health.

Hydrogen peroxide and alcohol compress. Hydrogen peroxide, as well as alcohol, is used to treat the head in diluted form. They are highly effective in destroying living individuals, but are absolutely safe for nits.

Advantages:

• Affordable price.
• Easy to buy at every pharmacy.
• Just prepare a solution for treating the head.
• The solution is not difficult to use.

Flaws:

• There is a high risk of getting a chemical burn to the scalp.
• Does not destroy nits.

Mechanical methods of struggle

When treating pediculosis, it is mandatory to use mechanical methods wrestling - special combs.

Types of combs:

1. Classical. Plastic comb with fine teeth.
2. Metal. The peculiarity of this comb is that it has special notches at the ends of the teeth. When a hair with a nit passes through such teeth, the notch cuts the nit, this instantly kills the larva and removes it from the hair.
3. Electric. Ineffective comb, kills only living lice, not suitable for long hair. Useless for fighting nits.

External factors

The most important factor For the life and reproduction of lice is the air temperature.

A high air temperature of 25 to 35 degrees is considered favorable. At this temperature, insects reproduce quickly: in just 5-7 days, a young individual emerges from the nit.

Unfavorable – temperature above 40 degrees and below 10. In the cold, the louse dies in a matter of minutes. When the air temperature drops below 10 degrees, insects move slowly, are unable to lay eggs, and at zero air temperatures they hibernate for a long period of time (up to 60 days).

You can loosen lice by drying your hair and the entire scalp with a hot hairdryer for at least 15 minutes. The insects will become slower and will be easier to remove from the hair using a comb.

Smells

• Tea tree.
• Lavender.
• Cypress.
• Wormwood.
• Geraniums.

Substances

Chemicals that have an adverse effect on lice are included in pharmaceutical drugs, these include:

• permethrin;
• malathion;
• phenothrin;
• Dimethicone

All of them have different effects on insects: some paralyze the nervous system, others corrode the chitinous shell, others have a suffocating effect, but ultimately lead to the rapid death of adult individuals.

Attention!

The most effective and in an effective way lice removal is integrated approach. When treating pediculosis, it is necessary not only to treat the head with a special product, but also to comb out the nits mechanically every day, using a comb.

For preventive purposes, in the summer, you should constantly inspect your head for lice and nits, since absolutely anyone can become infected with lice, regardless of their cleanliness.

source: https://hairsecrets.online/zabolevaniya/pedikulez/chego-boyatsya-vshi.html

What are head lice, as well as underwear and pubic lice, afraid of?

There are many ways to remove head lice. These are recipes passed down from generation to generation, and chemicals that can completely cure head lice.

Head louse - usually chooses a victim with long hair. It feeds on blood, piercing all layers of the epidermis and making its way to the blood vessel.

Pubic - develops vital activity in places with coarse vegetation - in intimate areas, eyebrows, armpits, beard and mustache. The transmission route is contact, in the truest sense of the word. During intimacy, the insect clings to the partner's hairs. You can also become infected through bedding or towels.

Blue spots form at the bite sites - a consequence of the breakdown of hemoglobin. Wounds can be complicated by a purulent course.

How can you scare off bloodsuckers, and what doesn’t work on them? By the way, there are many myths that supposedly bloodsuckers can be removed with the help of spells and prayers.

Plain water

There is a belief that water has a detrimental effect on lice.

There's no point in rinsing your hair cold water, the bloodsuckers will not die, but you risk getting hypothermia.

Are bloodsuckers afraid of strong odors?

Lice do not like strong odors. What has an attractive aroma to humans repels bloodsuckers.

In order to kill insects, you should wrap your head: with such actions you will block the access of oxygen to pests, their respiratory tract will be burned by a pungently smelling substance. How to treat hair so that bloodsuckers suffocate?

Lice are afraid essential oils: scent of mint, lavender oil and tea tree. Burdock oil will help after recovery, restoring the hair structure. Concentrates are widely used for preventive purposes: a few drops of a pharmaceutical product are added to the shampoo.

Your curls will be protected from infection for 7 days. Before applying, make sure there is no allergic reaction to the concentrated substance. Perform a sensitivity test by placing a few drops on the elbow area. If there is no redness or itching, you can add oil to shampoos.

Lice cannot withstand substances such as birch tar. They are dying out from tar soap. Wash your hair with a strong smell detergent and comb your head with a fine-tooth comb.

A decoction of tansy, wormwood, rosemary herb, lemon juice, cranberry, hellebore water - have a suffocating effect on individuals and help peel off nits. One of the products is applied to the curls and left for 30 minutes.

After the procedure, the hair is rinsed and thoroughly combed. Be sure to check the head for nits. If you miss one egg, the lice will return within a week.

In order to protect yourself from infection, it is enough to wash your hair with anti-lice shampoo once a month. It is not necessary to maintain the exposure time indicated on the bottle. You are not treating the disease, but acting for preventive purposes.

Kerosene has been used for many decades. The product is inexpensive but effective. At least, this is what many who have encountered the disease think. Kerosene acts as a toxic substance that has a suffocating effect on bloodsuckers. The folk remedy is not used for children and pregnant women.

Fuel has one disadvantage - bad smell Doesn't take long to fade from hair. No cosmetic preparations will eliminate the persistent smell of fuel. Note: We would not recommend kerosene.

Attention!

Vinegar is an acid that helps dissolve the sticky substance with which adults attach eggs to the rod. Use a weak vinegar solution so as not to burn the scalp.

The substance itself does not kill lice. The product is suitable for preventing infection and improving the structure of the hair shaft.

Salt and alcohol combined with vinegar will help relieve itching caused by head lice. The mixture is prepared by mixing a teaspoon of alcohol with 3 tablespoons of salt. Add 3% vinegar and apply as a compress. Apply to clean hair and do not rinse for 2 days.

Karbofos is used in hospitals during anti-pediculosis treatment of patients. The product kills both adults and nits. The head is treated and wrapped for 30 minutes, then rinsed with vinegar water and combed out with a fine comb. The downside is an unpleasant smell from the head for 10 days.

Temperature changes

There is an opinion: human head lice, as well as linen lice, are most afraid of changes in ambient temperature. Is this true?

Not always action high temperature will help get rid of bloodsuckers. There are temperatures at which individuals will feel quite comfortable.

The normal temperature range for life activity and laying offspring is + 24 – 30 C. A decrease in indicators inhibits the development of individuals. They eat less often and do not lay eggs.

Zero temperature does not lead to the death of individuals, but to a state close to suspended animation. The insect falls asleep for several days.

You cannot get rid of pubic bloodsuckers by swimming in an ice hole. For insects, the water temperature from – 1 to + 4 is quite acceptable to survive for 10 – 15 minutes. And a person can’t stand it anymore in icy water. As a result of exposure low temperatures Nits also survive.

Dry water can slow down the development of nits and the vital activity of adults. hot air. It is impossible to get rid of pests using a hairdryer. To destroy bloodsuckers and nits, you need to use a hairdryer with a stream of hot air for at least an hour.

A bathhouse, similarly, will only get rid of lice from very stubborn comrades: after all, not everyone can survive in a steam room at high temperatures. Moreover, it is known: hot sauna is very harmful to hair.

Linen insects are destroyed by heat treatment of items at a temperature of +70 C. It is enough to wash the laundry and leave it to dry in the open air.

Hairdressing tricks

Haircut. One thing head lice cannot survive without is hair! That is why a radical and quick method of combating head lice in hospitals is shaving the head.

This method is unlikely to work with women. Prevention and prevention of infection - put your hair under a headdress, or braid it.

Hair dye. In the fight against bloodsuckers, women resort to the procedure of dyeing their curls. The method works, but under certain conditions:

1. The paint must contain ammonia or hydrogen peroxide;
2. After applying the paint, wrap the head for 30 - 40 minutes;
3. The drug has not expired.

The method is effective against adults. The coloring pigment does not affect nits.

Both larvae and adult lice are afraid of hunger strikes. If an insect falls from the host's body, it will not survive more than 3 days. The larva lives without food for no more than a day.

What methods don't work

Bloodsuckers are not afraid:

• Magic rituals, conspiracies and prayers. If a person firmly believes in the miraculous powers of the word, secure the result with an insecticidal preparation;
• Styling products. Hairspray will help if it is applied directly to the individual. Fixing curls will not save you from the disease;
• Talismans. No enchanted object hanging around the neck will protect against lice;
• Holy water. This method also does not contribute to recovery. Need hot water, or better yet, boiling water to remove body louse. After washing, the linen lice die.

A hair clipper works against bloodsuckers. This is a conspiracy, a talisman and a repeller. The device saves from head insects, but is not always effective against pubic insects.

Myths

There are many myths about bloodsuckers among people. Let's consider which of them is true and which is fiction.

Pediculosis affects the poor and hungry. Neither wealth in the family nor status in society protects against illness. Everyone's blood composition is the same.

Bloodsuckers love blood group 4. Group affiliation does not affect infection.

Bloodsuckers jump over 5 meter distances. Lice crawl at a speed of 20 cm per minute. Fleas are jumping.

Attention!

The bloodsucker can penetrate deep into the epidermis. The size of the insect's proboscis is much less body, the pest cannot penetrate the skin.

After successful treatment of pediculosis, no complications arise. In fact, after treatment in children, persons with allergic reactions and weakened immune forces, complications are likely.

The wounds can fester, ulcerate and take a long time to heal. Upon penetration, infections develop dangerous diseases powdery and relapsing fever. Simple scratching can develop into eczema and dermatitis.

Alcoholics and drug addicts do not suffer from head lice, since “tasteless” blood circulates in the body. The human body is designed in such a way that processes of renewal and cleansing occur every second.

Otherwise, we would have already died after a few breaths of city air. The blood is cleansed of toxins resulting from ingestion. alcoholic drinks, anyone can get lice.

The insect eats skin particles and dandruff. Lice feed exclusively on blood, and dandruff and epidermal scales are foreign debris that prevents piercing the epidermis.

In most cases, following traditional methods ineffective and leads to severe infection. A person is forced to buy a special drug that helps get rid of bloodsuckers.

Every missed minute is a new nit in the head. If the result is the same, why waste precious time!

source: https://prochizdoma.ru/chego-boyatsya-vshi/

My son has head lice in his class! How to protect yourself - that’s the question!

“My son was diagnosed with head lice in his class, what can I do to protect myself from this trouble?” “The best way to treat pediculosis: folk remedies or drugs from the pharmacy? They say the insects are “accustomed” to the latter?

People have known about pediculosis for a very long time, and therefore there are many ways to combat this disease.

However, every time we encounter this misfortune, we feel complete confusion and even fear. And fear, as you know, gives rise to a lot of speculation and rumors.

Description of the life activity of the head louse

Infection with lice occurs when the heads of a lice carrier and a person not infected with them come into contact, as well as through shared towels, combs and other objects. Head lice attach themselves to hair with their claws and most of time on or near the scalp.

Each female lays an average of 8 oval-shaped eggs (nits) per night, attaching them one after another to the hair roots.

After about 3 days, a young louse (nymph) hatches from the nit, leaving behind an empty white shell firmly attached to the hair. For 7 days the nymph feeds in the same way as an adult louse, for 10 days - and she herself is able to lay nits

Treatment of pediculosis

First, isolate your child to avoid infecting other children. Wash, or even better, boil combs, clothes and other things that came into contact with lice.

The most common method of “home therapy” is treatment with kerosene. Kerosene is mixed with vegetable oil and thoroughly rubbed into the scalp. After this, put a bag on your head and leave for 20-30 minutes. As a result of “kerosene torture,” the scalp can be damaged and the hair can become very coarse.

Another home option- dust soap. But, unfortunately, these substances do not kill nits, which have to be selected manually.

Another radical way, providing a 100% guarantee of getting rid of lice - a “zero” haircut.

However, it is possible to offer sparing hair health and more effective way- usage special means against pediculosis. Most drugs are effective against lice, but few are able to cope with nits.

Para Plus - aerosol. As a rule, a single use allows you to achieve the desired effect. Requires careful use.

Cream Nyx - cream. The amount of cream required to treat the head depends on the length and thickness of the hair. When using the cream, you should be aware that this drug should not be used by people who are allergic to chrysanthemums.

Attention!

Children under 2 years of age are treated with the product only under the supervision of medical personnel. Pregnant and lactating women are advised to consult a doctor before using the drug.

It would seem that everything is clear: treat the head and comb out the nits. But in reality everything is much more complicated. Those who are faced with this problem have a lot of questions, and we will answer some of them.

Frequently asked questions

How long do lice live outside their host? The question is, is it worth treating the entire apartment in some way (including upholstered furniture, pillows and blankets)? Can head louse live and reproduce on clothing? Is it necessary to boil clothes or is it enough to just wash them?

If a louse falls from your head onto the carpet, can it get back? What treatment and how many times do you need to carry out to be sure that they are no longer there? Can a louse live in a mattress (does it need to be treated)?

Outside the host, the louse remains viable for 72 hours. There is no need to treat the entire apartment; it is enough to apply anti-pediculosis spray to objects that the head has touched: a pillow, a pillowcase. But lice can no longer reach furniture and blankets, so these items can be left alone.

What is the reason for the restriction in the instructions for anti-lice products: “no more than twice a month,” and why is it necessary to rinse your hair with a vinegar solution after using the product?

The limitation on the period of use of anti-pediculosis drugs is due to the toxicity of these drugs. Rinse with 5-8% solution acetic acid necessary: ​​this greatly facilitates combing out nits and dead lice and is a kind of disinfectant. After combing, it is also recommended to place the comb in a 5-8% vinegar solution for some time.

Why can’t you “get rid” of lice the first time? The use of almost all anti-pediculosis agents requires repeated application. This is due to the peculiarity of the life activity of the louse (the maturation period of the nit is 3 days).

After using anti-lice medications, the hair becomes dry and itchy. What to do? Concerns regarding the safety of the drug are not in vain: indeed, all anti-pediculosis drugs are relatively toxic. However, of two evils, as they say, you have to choose the lesser.

Fear of infection sometimes forces us to look for unconventional and sometimes curious methods of treatment. True, in such a situation it’s no laughing matter, but it’s still worth refuting some statements.

Is it true that using ultraviolet light and a solarium will help in the fight against insects?

Medicine only knows the antimicrobial effect of ultraviolet radiation. Unfortunately, a solarium will not help you get rid of lice.

Is it true that if pets (a cat or a dog) live next to an infected person, they can also become infected?

No, pediculosis does not threaten “our smaller brothers,” since insects feed on human blood.

Is it true that lice are afraid of high temperatures? Is it then possible to get rid of them using a hair dryer or curling iron?

Yes, lice are afraid of high temperatures. However, a hair dryer and electric curling irons are a very “harsh” way to remove nits; this way you can not only burn your hair, but also get a skin burn. Treating laundry by calcination is an effective way, but keep in mind that it will spoil appearance linen

Is it true that anti-pediculosis agents can be used to prevent infection?

No. If there are no live lice, then there is no need to treat with anti-pediculosis agents. These drugs are toxic and should be used only as needed. Unfortunately, there are no drugs in the pharmacy assortment that would help avoid lice infestation. The only remedy is daily combing with a fine comb.