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How to calculate the volume of garbage. Loosening coefficient when dismantling concrete Convert construction waste m3 to tons

If you are planning to demolish a house, you must be clearly aware of the need to remove the construction waste remaining after the demolition. And these works need to be planned and included in the calculations when ordering house dismantling work. Indeed, often, the cost of removal and disposal work exceeds the cost of the demolition work itself.

How to understand how much garbage will need to be removed after the demolition of your building and how to calculate the cost of garbage removal during dismantling. We will reveal a few secrets in this article.

Firstly, let’s immediately clarify that such a thing as an accurate calculation of the amount of garbage when demolishing large multi-storey buildings Only a trained engineer can do it. The error in such a matter can be greater, the less experienced the specialist.

There are too many factors to consider. Here's just part:

Nature of waste (materials of construction);

Method of dismantling and crushing;

Loading method;

Remoteness of the disposal site;

Difficulties in loading operations;

The need for recycling reporting;

Volume of the container (body);

Geographical location object (metropolis, city, countryside and so on.).

It is important to understand one important detail: do not think that when making calculations you will be able to multiply all the geometric dimensions of the parts of the house, the length and height of each of the walls, ceilings, roof area and multiplying all this by the thickness of these parts to get the exact volume of garbage removed. The fact is that when loading in the body (container), no matter how hard you try, there will be voids left, because when demolished, the parts will not have the correct geometric shapes. With this method of calculation, it is necessary, taking into account the method of dismantling, loading, and the type of material of the house, to multiply the resulting volume by 1.5, or even 2.5! This is the so-called direct loosening coefficient. This method of calculation is not suitable for us, because we will have to sit down with construction reference books to determine what coefficient we should take into account. Entrust this work to professionals.

There are many known cases where, having no experience in demolition, when starting calculations, they make smaller errors. It is unpleasant when you have to take out much more than expected. But the opposite situation may also occur - when the contractor overestimates the volume, and therefore the cost. It is important not to miss here this moment and check if possible.

Now let’s give a simple example of how, without all these intricacies, you can understand how much construction waste a particular contractor will remove and whether he is cheating in the calculations.

In addition to the geometric dimensions of the specified building (area on the ground, height at the ridge), you will need only one number. Let's call it the inverse loosening coefficient; it is equal to 2.65. This is its average value for low-rise buildings; when taking into account the building material, it may not change significantly up or down. But this very number will be enough to calculate the approximate volume of construction waste to be removed during the demolition of a low-rise private house. A number that was derived experimentally by experts.

Let's look at an example with country house, measuring 6 by 6 meters. The height of the building from the ground to the ridge is 7 meters. (Precisely at the ridge, because this is how the building volume of the building is calculated. If the roof is flat, then we count the height to the upper corner of the building)

We calculate the construction volume of the building:

6x6x7=252 cubic meters.

Divide by the inverse loosening coefficient 2.65:

252/2.65 = 95 cubic meters

95 m3: this is the approximate volume of construction waste that will need to be removed during the demolition of this building.

The volume is calculated taking into account the underground part of the foundation (if there is no basement). That's exactly how it works magic number.

Do not forget that the cost of removing the same amount of construction waste in different regions can vary greatly. Also, depending on the complexity of the object, the cost of loading work may vary. And of course, in the construction market, as in other markets, the wholesale rule applies: the larger the volume, the lower the cost per unit.

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2. We calculate the actual volume of construction waste prepared for removal:

V debris = V buildings in the air: K loosening

The volumetric mass of construction waste should be taken as averaged according to the following standards: - during disassembly concrete structures- 2400 kg/m3; - during disassembly reinforced concrete structures- 2500 kg/m3; - when dismantling structures made of brick, stone, beating plaster and facing tiles- 1800 kg/m3; - when dismantling wooden and frame-fill structures - 600 kg/m3; - when performing other disassembly work (except for work on dismantling metal structures and engineering and technological equipment) - 1200 kg/m3. Note: - volumetric masses of construction waste from dismantling building structures given from taking them into account in the dense body of structures;

Typically, light bulky waste is transported in containers.

Heavy waste is transported by heavy-duty dump trucks (broken brick and concrete, soil). Special equipment is used for loading, because It will not be possible to load the dump truck manually.

In our work we use containers with a volume of 27 m3 (loading capacity 12 tons) and dump trucks with a body volume of 18-20 m3 and a loading capacity of up to 30 tons

We calculate the number of containers/dump trucks as follows:

K = Vgarbage /27 m3 (or 20 m3 for dump trucks)

The cost of a container (27 m3) in Moscow at the end of December 2014 averaged 9,500 rubles (in the region 10,000-11,000). The cost of a Moscow/region dump truck is 8000/10000, respectively.

We provide consultations on the dismantling of buildings and structures, country houses, demolition of any buildings and dismantling of any structures, we will make a preliminary estimate for services for the demolition of buildings and structures.

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Calculation of the cost of removal of construction waste

You can calculate the real cost of disposal of construction waste using the following method:

1. The volume of the dismantled building is determined in “Air” or in the geometry of the building:

Length of the house X Width of the house X Height (from the bottom point of the foundation to the ridge of the roof).

2. We calculate the actual volume of construction waste prepared for removal (in solid form):

V debris in a solid = V building in the air: K loosening

K loosening = 2.0 - 3.0 --- an empirical coefficient that takes into account all the individual loosening coefficients of the resulting construction waste.

K loosening = 2.0 - it has been experimentally established that the real volume of waste (including ovens, old furniture and other garbage) is obtained when using this value

3. Calculate the weight of the garbage being removed.

P pin weight Garbage = V garbage in a solid x Mob.

Where Mob. = 1600 kg/m3 --- volumetric mass of construction waste obtained during dismantling.

The volumetric mass of construction waste should be taken as averaged according to the following standards: - when dismantling concrete structures - 2400 kg/m3; - when dismantling reinforced concrete structures - 2500 kg/m3; - when dismantling structures made of brick, stone, beating plaster and facing tiles - 1800 kg /m3; - when dismantling wooden and frame-fill structures - 600 kg/m3; - when performing other dismantling work (except for work on dismantling metal structures and engineering equipment) - 1200 kg/m3. Note: - volumetric masses of construction waste from dismantling building structures are given from taking them into account in the dense body of structures;

The mass of dismantled metal structures and engineering and technological equipment is taken according to design data.

Those. we calculated the weight of the garbage being removed in tons.

4. Next, depending on the Weight and volume of garbage being removed, we determine the number of containers or dump trucks required to remove garbage from the site for disposal. We take as a basis the VOLUME of garbage removed.

Typically, light bulky waste (logs, beams can only be transported in containers) is transported in containers.

Heavy waste is transported by heavy-duty dump trucks (brick and concrete waste, soil)

In our work we use containers with a volume of 27 m3 (loading capacity 10 tons) and dump trucks with a body volume of V = 20 m3 and a loading capacity of 20 tons

We calculate the number of containers as follows:

To contact = Vgarbage /27 m3 (or 20 m3)

The cost of a container (27 m3) in Chelyabinsk at the end of December 2013 averaged 9,500 rubles (in the region 10,000-11,000). The cost of a Chelyabinsk/region dump truck is 6000/8000, respectively.

We fulfill dismantling work: scrapping, demolition, dismantling of buildings and structures, foundations, country houses, dachas, trade pavilions, mini-markets, shops, stalls, dismantling of walls, partitions, screeds, ceilings, any metal structures, floors, parquet, tiles, laminate, plasterboard, plumbing cabins.

We provide consultations on the dismantling of buildings and structures, country houses, demolition of any buildings and dismantling of any structures, we will make a preliminary estimate for demolition services

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Calculation of soil loosening coefficient

• 1 Types
• 2 Properties
• 3 How to calculate conduction necessary work

For some construction work the soil is being excavated for laying the foundation. To plan work related to the excavation and removal of soil, some features should be taken into account: loosening, humidity, density.

The soil loosening coefficient table below will help you determine the increase in soil volume when excavating it from a pit.

Kinds

• Rock, stone, rock and cemented rocks - development is possible only using crushing or using explosion technology.
• Clay, sand, mixed types rocks – sampling is done manually or mechanized using bulldozers, excavators or other specialized equipment.

Properties

• Loosening is an increase in the volume of soil during excavation and development.
• Humidity is the ratio of the mass of water contained in the soil to the mass of solid particles. It is determined as a percentage: the soil is considered dry when the humidity is less than 5%, above 30% is wet, in the range from 5 to 30% is normal humidity. The wetter the composition, the more labor-intensive process its excavation, with the exception of clay (the drier it is, the more difficult it is to develop; too wet, it becomes viscous and sticky).
• Density – the mass of 1 m3 of soil in a dense (natural) state. The densest and heaviest rocks, the lightest are sandy, sandy loam soils.
• Cohesion is the value of shear resistance, sandy and sandy loam soils have an indicator of 3–50 kPa, clays and loams - 5–200 kPa.

Based building codes and rules (SNIP), soil loosening coefficient (initial), density indicator in accordance with the category, are given in the table:

Having analyzed the table, we can say that the initial soil loosening coefficient is directly proportional to the density range, in other words, the denser and heavier soil in natural conditions, the greater its volume during development.

There are also calculations of the coefficient of residual soil loosening; the result determines how much the soil lends itself to sediment during caking, contact with water or compaction. In construction, these calculations are of great importance for determining the quantity required material, and they are also taken into account when storing and recycling land.

How to calculate the necessary work

To calculate the necessary work, you should know the geometric dimensions of the planned pit. Next, multiply the initial loosening coefficient by the volume of soil in its natural state.

As a result, you will receive a volume that will be withdrawn from the construction quarry. Now it is very easy to calculate the amount of seized land for storage, loading, transportation for disposal.

Watch the video: TYPES OF SOIL. GEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SITE

During construction and repair work garbage remains. Even more of it is formed during the demolition, dismantling or reconstruction of buildings. These remains are removed and then disposed of. To minimize costs, it is necessary to correctly calculate the volume and weight of waste.

For example, by calculating the weight of construction waste in 1 m3 during dismantling, you can accurately order the carrying capacity of the machine and calculate the number of trips.

After buildings are dismantled, materials with different characteristics remain. It can be paper, wood, concrete or broken brick. Each type has its own density, and the costs for removing a ton of brick will differ from the costs for removing concrete. And since the costs of removal are included in the estimate documentation, it is important to accurately calculate the costs of these services. To do this, use a table that shows the volumetric and specific gravity by type of waste.

Type of waste	Packing	Volumetric weight, t/m3		Specific gravity, m3/t
		Min-max	calculated value	Min-max	calculated value
Building	in bulk	1,10 – 1,40	1,20	0,91 – 0,71	0,83
Household and street		0,30 – 0,65	0,55	3,33 – 1,54	1,82
Wooden scraps		0,35 – 0,55	0,40	2,86 – 1,82	2,86 – 1,82
Fabric scraps		0,30 – 0,37	0,35	3,33 – 2,70	2,86
Wood sawdust		0,20 – 0,30	0,25	5,00 – 3,33	4,00
Snow wet		0,70 – 0,92	0,80	1,43 – 1,09	1,25
Snow wet		0,40 – 0,55	0,45	2,50 – 1,82	2,22
Snow is dry		0,10 – 0,16	0,12	10,00 – 6,25	8,33
Boiler slag		0,70 – 1,00	0,75	1,43 – 1,00	1,33
Crushed brick		1,20 – 1,35	1,27	0,83 – 0,74	0,79
Wood chips		0,15 – 0,30	0,25	6,68 – 3,33	4,00
Electrical fittings		0,37 – 0,63	0,50	2,70 – 1,59	2,00
Asphalt, bitumen, crushed tar		1,15 – 1,50	1,30	0,87 – 0,67	0,77
Various fights, glass, earthenware		2,00 – 2,80	2,50	0,50 – 0,36	0,40
Paper	rolls	0,40 – 0,55	0,50	2,50 – 1,82	2,00
Paper	bales	0,65 – 0,77	0,70	1,54 – 1,30	1,43
Paper	ligaments	0,50 – 0,65	0,55	2,00 – 1,54	1,82
Old pressed paper - waste paper	bales	0,35 – 0,60	0,53	2,86 – 1,67	1,89
Bottles are empty	in bulk	0,35 – 0,42	0,40	2,86 – 2,38	2,50
Rags	bales	0,15 – 0,20	0,18	6,68 – 5,00	5,56
Large metal products, pipe parts		0,40 – 0,70	0,60	2,50 – 1,43	1,67
Plastic products	without packaging	0,40 – 0,65	0,50	2,50 – 1,54	2,00
Glass products, except sheet glass		0,26 – 0,50	0,40	3,85 – 2,00	3,85 – 2,00
Cardboard	bales	0,59 – 1,00	0,70	1,70 – 1,00	1,43
Cardboard	ligaments	0,42 – 0,45	0,43	2,38 – 2,22	2,33
Scrap steel, cast iron, copper and brass	in bulk	2,00 – 2,50	2,10	0,50 – 0,40	0,48
Aluminum scrap		0,60 – 0,75	0,70	1,67 – 1,33	1,43
Oversized household scrap		0,30 – 0,45	0,40	3,33 – 2,22	2,50
Various small machine parts		0,42 – 0,70	0,50	2,38 - 1,43	2,00
Various furniture		0,25 – 0,40	0,30	4,00 – 2,50	3,33

Specific gravity of construction waste

The ratio of mass to occupied volume is called specific gravity. Formula for calculation:

Where m is the mass of residues (kg);

V - volume of waste (m3).

Volumetric weight of construction waste for estimates

The estimate documentation indicates the costs of removal and loading of residues formed during dismantling and waste from construction and repair work. When including costs, they are guided by established prices, volumetric weight, and distance of the landfill.

There are standards that indicate the average volumetric weight of residues after disassembly. Estimated values ​​for estimates for demolition of structures:

• concrete - 2400 kg/m3;
• reinforced concrete - 2500 kg/m3;
• from brick, stone, plaster, facing tiles - 1800 kg/m3;
• wooden, frame-fill - 600 kg/m3;
• other (except for metal structures, equipment) - 1200 kg/m3;
• metal structures, equipment - design data.

In this case, the average volumetric weight for estimates is taken in the “dense body” of structures.

Conversion of construction waste from m3 to tons

The waste generated as a result of demolition is mainly counted in cubic meters. meters, and the cost of removal and loading is calculated per ton. To include transportation costs in the estimate, convert the values ​​from 1 m3 to tons.

To do this, you can use the averaged data volumetric mass. If you need to find out how many tons 3m3 will weigh brickwork, you need to multiply its average value (1800 kg/m3) by volume (3m3).

1800×3=5400 kg=5.4 tons.

When there is no data on the average volumetric mass, you can calculate the tonnage of waste, knowing the volume and density of these residues.

Density of construction waste

Construction waste includes residues from various materials. These materials have their own density. This is important to consider when:

• building logistics routes;
• choosing the carrying capacity of a vehicle for waste removal;
• determination of the number and type of containers.

For bulk dismantling residues (according to SNiP), bulk density is taken into account.

Bulk density = weight of loose waste divided by volume.

This takes into account not only the volume of the material, but also the space between it. Therefore, the bulk density is less than normal.

Density different types construction waste

Weight to volume ratio

To find out the ratio of waste (m and V) after disassembly, calculated values ​​are used. The tables indicate the volumetric and specific gravity of the exported material. Knowing them, it is easy to convert a ton of waste to m3 and vice versa.

Calculation methods

More on preparatory stage the amount of waste is calculated. For this, the following algorithm is used.

1. The volume of the object (in a dense body) is calculated. This takes into account the foundation, dimensions window openings, roof.
2. The calculated value is increased by 2 (loosening coefficient), and the actual volume of construction waste is obtained.
3. Find the mass of waste from the site by multiplying the actual volume by the density of the material.
4. Determine how to remove waste. For one type, the number of containers is calculated, for others - the carrying capacity of the machines.

Weight of a cubic meter of construction waste

To find out how much weight a cubic meter is, use the average density value. The value shows the mass of waste of a given volume. For example, the mass of a cubic meter of mixed waste generated during repairs is 160 kg (0.16 tons), and a cubic meter of exactly the same demolition waste will already be 1600 kg (1.6 tons). Since the average density of these materials during repair is 0.16 t/m3, and during demolition (disassembly) - 1.6 t/m3. In the same way, you can find out the mass of a cubic meter of sand, crushed stone, and insulation.

If there is no data on average density, then to convert cubic meters to tons it is enough to multiply the volume by the density.

How to count construction waste from demolition of buildings?

To find out how much construction waste is formed after the demolition of an object, determine the density of the material included in the remains. To do this, use tables of material density, or use general calculated values.

Then the specific gravity or mass of a cubic meter is calculated. To determine the cost of delivery to the burial site, cubic meters are converted to tons. Calculated according to the type of construction waste, taking into account the volumetric specific gravity data.

In the process of dismantling (dismantling) buildings or structures or individual structural elements, as well as when performing construction, installation and repair work, returnable materials are generated, returnable materials with a residual value - scrap metal and firewood or construction garbage. It is possible that before the start of repairs or construction (reconstruction), there is uncollected waste at the construction site. In this case, the costs of garbage collection are taken into account in the estimate documentation on the basis of an act signed by representatives of the customer, operating and design organizations, as well as the contractor, if already identified, and then approved by the investor or customer. The act indicates the amount of garbage and its hazard class. In this case, based on the data from the act, a local estimate is drawn up, which takes into account the costs of developing waste and loading it into vehicle, transportation to the storage site or to the landfill, fees for receiving and processing waste at the landfill.

Construction waste is also generated during construction, installation or repair work:

• From dismantling buildings and structures, their individual structural elements or engineering and technological equipment;
• From punching openings and holes;
• From that part of the materials that cannot be used in the production process (hardened in vehicles concrete mixture or mortar, fragments of bricks, small blocks and others wall materials and so on.);
• Difficult to eliminate losses and waste (end waste, scraps of materials in the manufacture of long parts (products);
• When cutting materials due to the non-multiplicity of the dimensions of the structures with the dimensions of the materials used (plates, sheets, etc.).
• From packaging, props and non-returnable containers used during the transportation of materials and equipment (classification of containers as returnable or non-returnable is determined by the terms of the agreement (contract) for the purchase of inventories);
• As a result of servicing construction workers - solid municipal waste.

The costs of dismantling (dismantling) buildings and structures, their individual structural elements or punching holes are determined according to the collection. There are 2 ways to dismantle buildings and structures:

• with preservation (element-by-element disassembly)
• without preserving suitable materials (collapse).

The method of disassembly is determined by the construction organization project. Additionally, only the costs of dismantling heating systems, hot and cold water supply can be taken into account.

When determining the costs of removing materials from the dismantling of buildings and structures, engineering equipment or individual structures, as well as from punching openings and holes, it is necessary to take into account the following data:

• costs for horizontal and vertical (lowering through the window in trays)
• movement of waste and materials from dismantling in buildings and structures (at a distance of up to 80 m) to the place of their storage within the construction site of the facility at a distance of up to 50 m from buildings and structures
• vertical transport of waste obtained during dismantling and repair of structures is taken into account for buildings up to 15 m high;
• with a higher height of the buildings being renovated, additional costs for vertical transport should be taken into account;
• costs are paid separately:
• costs of packing garbage into bags;
• cost of bags;
• lowering garbage by hand on stretchers or in bags;
• the work of two workers when packing garbage into bags, or according to timing data.

In the case when the actual distance for garbage removal exceeds the total weighted average 80+50 m, in the estimate documentation should include the costs of additional movement within the construction site. When calculating the actual distance of carrying garbage (reduced to horizontal), it is necessary to take into account that when lowering garbage from the floors or roofs of a building, 8 m should be added to the actual length of the distance traveled for each meter of descent.

In the event that the construction (repair) organization project justifies cramped conditions for dismantling work, then the recommended coefficients for the remuneration of workers and the costs of operating machines also apply to loading work. For the costs of transporting structures from dismantling, construction waste, etc. beyond the construction of the facility, as well as the costs of unloading these materials outside the construction site (site overhaul) the above coefficients do not apply.

The volumetric mass of construction waste should be taken as averaged in the dense body of structures according to the following standards:

• When dismantling concrete structures - 2400 kg/m3;
• When dismantling reinforced concrete structures - 2500 kg/m3;
• When dismantling structures made of brick, stone, beating plaster and facing tiles - 1800 kg/m3;
• When dismantling wooden and frame-fill structures - 600 kg/m3;
• When performing other disassembly work (except for work on dismantling metal structures and engineering and technological equipment) - 1200 kg/m3;
• When dismantling metal structures and engineering and technological equipment, it is taken according to design data.

ABOUT b The volume of construction waste from the dismantling (destruction) of concrete and reinforced concrete structures is significantly greater than the volume of these structures in a dense body, and therefore the volumetric mass of the waste was taken to be 1800 kg/m3. In cases where in the estimate documentation the mass of construction waste is taken according to the volume of dismantled reinforced concrete structures in a dense body, then the costs of transporting construction waste should also be calculated based on the mass of structures in a dense body - 2500 kg/m3.

Costs for loading construction waste and materials unsuitable for further application, formed as a result of dismantling buildings, structures and equipment, into a vehicle and its removal from the construction site to a storage site or to a landfill are determined according to current tariffs and are taken into account in local estimates.

"Regulations on the customer during the construction of facilities for state needs in the territory Russian Federation" it is prescribed that the customer must indicate in the initial data for designing the place for removal and storage of excess soil, construction waste and materials from dismantling that are unsuitable for further use. Based on these data, the distance for removal of soil and construction waste from the construction site is determined. In the case when As part of the initial data for design, the customer does not indicate the place of removal or storage of excess soil, construction waste; in local estimates, the costs of transporting them from the construction site to the place of its disposal (recycling) or temporary storage should be taken on the basis of the optimal route diagram for vehicles on this route or act. Based on the above data, a local estimate is drawn up, which takes into account the costs of loading waste into a vehicle, transporting it to a storage location or to a landfill, and the fee for receiving and processing waste at the landfill should be taken into account in local costs. estimates without highlighting the remuneration of drivers. Costs associated with the demolition or dismantling of buildings and structures are taken into account in the estimate documentation of construction waste and the return of materials from dismantling the construction site in the consolidated estimate of the cost of construction.

In the absence of the necessary norms or unit prices, the costs of disassembly or dismantling are determined according to the corresponding norms or unit prices for construction and special construction, installation or repair and construction work, applying to the corresponding elements from the norm, as well as to funds for wages and costs exploitation construction machines and mechanisms specified in the unit price, reducing factors. When dismantling precast concrete, reinforced concrete or wooden structures this coefficient is assumed to be 0.8, metal structures- 0.7, external pipeline networks -0.6, and internal - 0.4.

Costs for dismantling or removing structures from their working position, freeing structures from fastening and removing loads, as well as subsequent installation are not included in the prices.

Costs associated with the removal of waste generated as a result of dismantling structures during the reconstruction of buildings and structures should be taken into account in accordance with the procedure for applying federal unit prices for construction and special construction work.

When dismantling equipment, the value of the specified coefficient depends on its further use. So, if further use of the equipment is expected after its long-term storage a coefficient of 0.7 is accepted, without the need for storage - 0.6. This provision also applies to work on dismantling the cable with its subsequent installation along a new route (rerouting); - the equipment is not subject to further use (intended for scrap) with disassembly and cutting into parts - 0.5; - the same, without disassembling and cutting - 0.3. If the dismantled equipment is not subject to further use, then when disassembling and cutting into parts, a coefficient of 0.5 is accepted, and without disassembling and cutting - 0.3. The specified coefficients do not apply to the cost of material resources taken into account during the installation of equipment. The consumption of material resources actually used during equipment dismantling is taken into account additionally when drawing up a local estimate for dismantling (in fact, for similar types of work). Coefficients for the cost of work on dismantling equipment are established based on the condition of its dismantling (disassembly) in an unsecured state, freed from seals in the structure, as well as from welding or other fastening with other structural elements.

Additional costs associated with punching and sealing furrows and nest niches in existing structures, in which dismantled (disassembled) equipment is embedded, as well as cutting of embedded parts or metal structure elements to which it is welded, should be taken into account additionally in local estimates based on design solutions, or inspection reports.

If, when dismantling (disassembling) equipment, it becomes necessary to provide scaffolding to support the dismantled equipment during its dismantling (disassembly), additional work for installation and dismantling of supporting scaffolding should be taken into account additionally in local estimates. When determining the estimated cost of equipment dismantling by applying reduction factors to the installation cost (without taking into account the cost of material resources), only those types of work that were not included in the work and taken into account in the standard (price) for the installation of this type of equipment can be additionally taken into account. The standards (prices) for the installation of lamps take into account the installation of brackets and the connection of lamps; therefore, when determining the cost of dismantling lamps, dismantling the brackets and disconnecting the lamp from the network are not additionally taken into account.

In cases where unit prices are not provided for the installation (arrangement) of structures that are subject to dismantling (disassembly) according to the project, the costs of dismantling can be included in the estimate documentation according to individual unit prices developed and approved in accordance with the established procedure. In cases where structures, materials and products obtained as a result of dismantling or demolition of buildings and structures are recognized as suitable for reuse, then local estimates indicate their return value at the price of possible sale (determined by market conditions and limited only by the value of the similar cost of a new one). material or product), minus from these amounts the costs of bringing them into a condition suitable for reuse and delivery to places of storage or sale. The cost of returnable packaging included in the cost of equipment and other material resources is taken into account in a similar manner.

Accounting for construction waste and return of materials from dismantling in the estimate documentation.

Amount of refunds at the preparation stage project documentation allowed to be determined by expert assessment the customer, reflected in the design assignment or initial data for the development of estimate documentation. All returnable materials received at the facility are the property of the customer (facility owner) and are used by him for their intended purpose. The volume of receipt of returnable materials, products and construction waste generated at sites is determined by design and estimate documentation or based on the results of an inspection of dismantled structures. Refunds of incoming materials from dismantling temporary water supply pipelines, gas pipelines, etc. should be determined on the basis of an act in which the condition of the materials from disassembly should be established, the amount of inevitable losses when dismantling the pipeline. The cost of pipes when dismantling a temporary pipeline should be taken at the average selling prices prevailing in the region, minus the costs of bringing them into a suitable condition for reuse and delivery to storage areas. Based on established practice, refundable amounts that take into account the cost of materials from dismantling temporary pipelines are about 80% of the cost of materials for their installation. If in local estimate If the installation of sheet piling is adopted without taking into account the turnover of piles, and the sheet piling is removed, then the volume of return of sheet piling steel is taken into account in the amount of 85% of the mass of sheet piles to be removed.

The percentage of yield of a usable stone for determining its return value according to the norm and price is approximately recommended to be taken at 60%. The actual yield of suitable stone for further use is determined at the site of work and is documented in the appropriate act.

The possibility of reusing materials from dismantling water supply and sewerage networks is established by an agreement between the customer and the contractor.

Refunds from the delivery of scrap metal are taken into account by excluding from the scrap metal acceptance price established by the Vtorchermet database the costs of loading and delivering scrap metal from the construction site to the scrap metal collection point.

The amount of asphalt concrete scrap or crumbs obtained as a result of disassembly asphalt concrete pavement, is determined at the place of work and is documented in the appropriate act. When determining refundable amounts, one should additionally take into account the costs of loading it, if it is not taken into account by the price for disassembly, and transportation of asphalt concrete scrap to a recovery or asphalt concrete plant.

A similar procedure takes into account the cost of secondary raw materials (firewood, crushed stone, etc.) obtained as a result of dismantling or demolishing buildings.

The return cost of dismantled heating boilers in estimates should be taken into account conditionally at the rate of at least 30% of the selling price for the types of boilers being dismantled. If it is impossible to use or sell materials from dismantling or associated mining, their cost is not taken into account in the refund amounts. Refundable amounts are not excluded from the total of the estimate calculation (estimate), the object estimate calculation (estimate) and the summary estimate calculation of the cost of construction. Refunds from the sale of materials, parts, equipment and production and business equipment received from the dismantling of temporary buildings and structures on the customer’s balance sheet are determined by calculations that take into account the sale of these materials and parts at the current price level (minus the costs of bringing them into a suitable condition and delivery to storage locations). The agreement (contract) establishes the contractor's responsibility for receiving returnable materials in the volume and range specified in the design documentation, as well as the procedure for their use.

Materials from the dismantling of non-title temporary structures are taken into account on the basis of free-form internal acts approved by the management of the contracting organization.

Costs for cleaning up construction (technological) waste generated during the period of work (hard-to-remove losses and waste, non-returnable containers and household waste), loading and transporting it to a landfill or to a processing site are included in the costs of organizing work on construction sites, which are taken into account as part of overhead rates. Consequently, they are not subject to additional accounting in the estimate documentation.

Accounting for construction waste and return of materials from dismantling is provided in the estimate documentation. Payment for the services provided for the placement and processing at the sites of a specialized organization of construction waste and materials from dismantling that are unsuitable for further use is taken into account in the estimate documentation (other costs). Volumes of construction waste and other waste construction production, their hazard class is adopted according to the regulations for the management of construction waste, which should be part of the project documentation.

Organizations must recycle household waste. To do this, companies use numerical measurements. Utilities calculate their waste in terms of waste volume. Factories use tons as a measurement quantity. To find a compromise, organizations come to one common value called solid waste.

Solid waste calculations

When calculating the density of one solid waste, it is advisable to apply the procedure for converting the number of cubic meters per ton. The common value for the entire earth's surface of solid waste is 200 kg/m3. m. Significant deviations in the number are also acceptable - it all depends on the activities of the enterprise. Everyone has their own way of counting. For the employees of the relevant authorities, it does not matter how you thought. Enterprises fill out a special journal. In the final density calculation, a final calculation is made and then the entire density is converted to m3.

Important! One cube of garbage contains approximately 0.15 - 0.65 tons in density. One ton of garbage contains from 6.25 to 1.56 cubic meters.

Correct calculation is extremely important. To avoid mistakes, there are special online translators and calculators that do the calculations independently (you just need to enter the data). If you are not sure about the reliability of the cube value information, recalculate the norm.

Theoretically, the process is calculated by a simple formula

V = m/p,

wherein:

• p – density
• v – volume
• m – mass.

Conversion of solid waste m3 to tons

Many people ask the question: how to convert cubic meters into tons of solid waste? To translate and calculate information, scales and a calculator are useful. For correct calculation, the following example should be given: an organization produces 15 meters of cubic tires. Based on how much the rubber density is - say, 1000 kg/m3 (this is an example, for accurate information please refer to the official data), you need to translate it in the following way. Known information is multiplied by each other. The procedure is simple. It is impossible to achieve an exact calculation. This is explained by waste sorting, since the waste collection method is not used everywhere. Any territorial entity has the right to create a personal table of the volume of recycled materials.

Transporting and transporting waste in containers requires a responsible approach. Correct calculation of cubic meters and standards for solid quantities will not only avoid miscalculations, but will also contribute to less pollution environment. It is advisable to refer to official sources or relevant literature. When calculating the coefficient yourself, it is too easy to make mistakes. The company will lose significant profits from this. In conclusion, it is worth saying that it is possible to convert the weight of a material into volume if there is a measuring value for density. To do this, you need to find out the component of the body (what material it is made of), find out the density of this substance. Subsequently, it is produced according to the formula:

V=P/(g*p).

To avoid paying extra funds behind garbage removal, price which depends on many factors, it is necessary to correctly calculate the volume of waste. Experts from MosMusorovoz competently calculate the volume of waste, cost waste removal and deadlines for completing the work. However, you can make the calculations yourself if you want to estimate in advance what amounts you can meet.

Formulas for calculating the volume and weight of garbage

Let's say you decide to dismantle the old building and order removal of construction waste. First of all, you need to calculate the volume of the structure “in the air”, in its real position:

1. We measure the length, width and height of the building. This must be done from the lowest line of the foundation to the highest point of the roof (ridge). Multiply three numbers by each other. This is the volume of the building in geometry.

2. Then we determine the actual volume of waste that will be disposed of. To do this, you need to divide the resulting volume of the building “in the air” by the loosening coefficient. The latter is a generally accepted indicator: 2.0 – 3.0. It takes into account the scatter of the resulting loosening after the destruction of the building. More reliable data is obtained when using an indicator of 2.0 – 2.65. This includes furniture, stoves and other “fillers” of the internal volume of buildings, if any.

In this way, we will find out the real volume of garbage in the so-called solid or dense body, that is, in an undisassembled state.

3. The third stage is calculating the weight of waste requiring disposal. The actual volume of waste removed must be multiplied by the Mob indicator. This is the average indicator of the volumetric mass of construction waste that is generated during dismantling. This indicator is separate for each type of material:

- when dismantling concrete structures: 2400 kg/m3;
- when dismantling reinforced concrete structures: 2500 kg/m3;
- when dismantling buildings made of brick, stone, plaster layers and facing tiles: 1800 kg/m3;
- when dismantling wooden structures and frame-fill structures: 600 kg/m3;
- when carrying out other dismantling work (excluding the disassembly of metal structures and engineering and technological equipment, the indicators of such materials are calculated separately, based on design data): 1200 kg/m3.

The resulting figure is the weight of waste in tons.

Cost calculation garbage removal

Now you know the volume and weight of future waste. To determine the budget, you need to calculate how much equipment will be needed for disposal and what kind of equipment will be needed.

Let's take as a basis the resulting volume of garbage (not weight) and the type of waste. Light waste of sufficiently large volume requires containers. This includes timber, wood, logs. For heavier waste, you will need lockable bins designed to hold larger loads. These types of waste include brick, concrete debris, and soil masses.

Garbage removal container

If the type of your garbage allows you to use a container, determine what volume of the container will be most beneficial for you. Thus, the MosMusorovoz company provides the opportunity to use containers with a volume of 8 cubic meters, 20, 27, 30 and 32. Divide the volume of garbage that you plan to dispose of by the volume of one container. If the resulting figure exceeds 4, choose a larger container - this way you can save money.

Garbage removal dump truck

The same calculations can be made for the volume of bins. Multiply the resulting number of required containers or bins by the cost of one. This will give you an approximate estimate of the amount of money that will be spent on solid waste removal or other waste classifications.

Factors affecting cost garbage removal

Such calculations will be approximate. Why? The actual cost is influenced by the following factors:

Type of waste movement (it can be horizontal or vertical);
- distance of movement of waste from the point of dismantling to the container (sometimes not technical feasibility move closer);