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GOST coatings for paint and varnish products of ground equipment. Requirements for paint and varnish coatings. Basic properties of paint and varnish coatings

1. This standard applies to paint and varnish coatings (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of industrial products and establishes general technical requirements to the choice of coatings according to decorative properties.

2. Decorative properties mean the properties of the coating that ensure its aesthetic perception.

The decorative properties of the coating are characterized by color, gloss, texture and class according to GOST 9.032-74*.

3. The choice of coating based on decorative properties is carried out at the design stage in the process of artistic design of products.

4a. The finishing options developed during the artistic design process are recorded in a map of the color and texture solution for finishing the product.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

10. Types of harmonious color combinations shown in .

11. An example of choosing coatings based on decorative properties is given in.

ANNEX 1 Mandatory
COATING CLASSES FOR PRODUCTS

Group of industrial products	Painted surfaces	Coverage class, not lower
Passenger cars of the highest class (type ZIL-117) and large class (type "Chaika"), medium, small and especially small class (type "Volga", "Moskvich", "Zhiguli", "Zaporozhets") *
Trucks, trailers and semi-trailers
	Frame, chassis parts
	Metal parts of the platform
Heavy duty mining dump trucks	Cabins, components, tail surfaces, battery boxes
	External surfaces of fuel and oil tank platforms
	Frames, corners, chassis
Buses**
main railways gauge 1520 (1524) mm: locomotive traction (passenger, mail, luggage), electric trains and diesel trains	Side walls bodies of locomotive-hauled passenger cars
	Side walls of cars of electric trains and diesel trains, as well as mail and baggage cars, roof overhangs, frontal parts of the bodies of head cars of electric trains
	The middle part of the roofs, car frames, bogies and boiler rooms
	End walls of carriage bodies
freight mainline railways of 1520 (1524) mm gauge	External surfaces
Construction and road machines, self-propelled, mounted and mobile	Surfaces of machine parts that are in the field of view of people (with the exception of surfaces whose coatings serve a conservation purpose)
	Other surfaces of construction and road vehicles
Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment	Facing parts for agricultural machines
	Other surfaces of agricultural machines
Machine tools, forging and casting machines:
machines of accuracy classes A, B and C according to GOST 8-82*	The main surfaces that determine the appearance of machines
	Surfaces that are visible but do not determine appearance
* For all-wheel drive vehicles of especially small and medium class, body coverage is not lower than III. ** For a small class bus of the “Yunost” type, the body covering class is not lower than II.
conventional machines, forging and casting machines	The main surfaces that determine the appearance of machines and machines
	Surfaces that are visible but do not determine appearance
	Surfaces inside machines and machines that are inaccessible for viewing (surfaces of hydraulic and lubrication equipment frames, etc.).
	The main surfaces that determine the appearance of the device
devices for direct communication with a person, located in the zone of constant visual perception: large, for example, photocopiers, aggregative devices computer technology(rack consoles, etc.).
medium-sized, for example, calculating machines, desktop keyboards computing machines, cash registers, analytical instruments - chromatographs, household electronic equipment, etc.
small, such as portable typewriters, Felix-type adding machines, household optical and medical devices
Devices that surround a person, but enter the visual perception zone irregularly:
large, for example, auxiliary instrumentation panels
medium, for example, secondary electronic automatic instruments with a recording and display device (potentiometers)
small ones, for example, pressure gauges, voltage stabilizers, relays, etc.
Automatic devices in the maintenance of which a person does not participate:
large ones, for example, carriage scales (platforms);
medium, for example, meteorological instruments and equipment;
small, for example, differential pressure gauges and other instruments
Notes: 1. When several classes are specified for the same surfaces, the specific class is established according to the standards or technical specifications for the product. 2. Classes of coatings for products manufactured for export are established according to the standards or technical specifications for the product.

APPENDIX 2 Recommended
MAXIMUM ACHIEVEABLE CLASS OF COATINGS FOR ENAMELS AND VARNISHES

Name of material	Gloss, coating texture	Maximum achieved class according to GOST 9.032-74*
Melamine	Smooth plain
ML-1110 according to GOST 20481-80*	High gloss
ML-197 according to GOST 23640-79*
	High gloss and glossy
	High gloss
ML-1156 according to GOST 5971-78*	Glossy
ML-1156 black according to GOST 5971-78*	Semi-gloss
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-gloss
ML-279 OP according to GOST 5971-78*	Semi-matte
ML-279 according to GOST 5971-78*
	Smooth patterned (hammer)
	Semi-gloss
	Semi-matte
	Embossed "Shagreen"
	Semi-matte
Urea	Smooth plain
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-gloss
	Semi-gloss
	Semi-matte
	Glossy
MCh-145 according to GOST 23760-79*	Glossy and semi-gloss
Pentaphthalic and glypthalic
	High gloss
PF-163 according to GOST 5971-78*	Glossy
	Semi-matte
	Semi-gloss
	Deep matte
Nitrocellulose
NTs-11 according to GOST 9198-83*	High gloss
	Glossy
NTs-25 according to GOST 5406-84*
	Glossy
NTs-256 according to GOST 25515-82*
NTs-5123 according to GOST 7462-73*	Semi-gloss and semi-matte
	Glossy
	Semi-gloss
NTs-1125 according to GOST 7930-73*	Semi-gloss and semi-matte
	Semi-matte
	Semi-gloss
	Semi-matte
Varnish NTs-134 with aluminum powder
Epoxy and epoxy ester
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-gloss
EP-140 according to GOST 24709-81*	Semi-gloss
EP-51 according to GOST 9640-85*
	Semi-gloss and matte
EP-773 according to GOST 23143-83*	Semi-matte
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-gloss
EF-1118 PG according to GOST 5971-78*	Semi-gloss
EF-1118 PM according to GOST 5971-78*	Semi-matte
EF-1118 M according to GOST 5971-78*
EP-525 according to GOST 22438-85*
	Semi-gloss
	Semi-gloss
	Glossy
	Semi-gloss
	Glossy
Enamels:
	Glossy
PF-188 according to GOST 24784-81*
	Semi-gloss
	Deep Matte
	Semi-matte and semi-gloss
PF-218 according to GOST 21227-93
	Semi-gloss
	Semi-gloss
	Semi-matte
ХВ-1100 according to TU 6-10-1301-83
	Matte and semi-matte
	Semi-matte
	Semi-matte and matte
XC-119 according to GOST 21824-76*
HS-119 E according to GOST 21824-76*
EP-255 according to GOST 23599-79*	Semi-gloss and semi-matte
Oil and alkyd styrene
	Semi-matte
	Semi-gloss
	Glossy
Polyester unsaturated
	Glossy
	High gloss and glossy
Polyacrylic
	Semi-matte
	Glossy
	High gloss
	Glossy
	Glossy and semi-gloss
	Semi-matte
	Glossy
	Semi-matte
	Glossy
	Semi-matte
	Glossy
	Glossy
	Glossy
Phenolic
	Glossy and semi-gloss
	Semi-matte
Rubber
	Semi-gloss
Polyvinyl acetal
Organosilicon
	Semi-gloss
KO-88 according to GOST 23101-78
	Semi-gloss and semi-matte
	Semi-matte and matte
	Smooth plain
	Semi-gloss
Polyurethane
	High gloss
	Glossy
Alkyd-urethane
	Glossy
Oily	Embossed "Moire"
	Semi-matte and matte
Bituminous	Smooth plain
Rosin
		EF-083, EF-083 L

Notes: GOST 9.402-80*

Dyeing method

Coating drying method

Degreasing

Pneumatic spray

Convective

Phosphating

Passivation

Chemical oxidation

Anodic oxidation

Mechanical cleaning sanding paper No. 5-4 according to GOST 10054-82*

Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 6 according to GOST 3647-80*

Degreasing

Pneumatic spray

Convective

Phosphating

Natural

Passivation

Sputtering in an electric field

Thermoradiation-convective

Etching

Chemical oxidation

Electrodeposition

Anodic oxidation

Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper No. 6-5 according to GOST 10054-82*

Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 12 according to GOST 3647-80*

Degreasing

Pneumatic spray

Convective

Phosphating

Natural

Passivation

Sputtering in an electric field

Thermoradiation

Etching

Thermoradiation-convective

Chemical oxidation

Electrodeposition

Anodic oxidation

Airless spray

Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper No. 25-6 according to GOST 10054-82*

Hydrojet cleaning with sand no larger than 0.5 mm

Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum up to No. 25 according to GOST 3647-80*

Degreasing

Pneumatic spray

Phosphating

Passivation

Sputtering in an electric field

Etching

Chemical oxidation

Electrodeposition

Anodic oxidation

Airless spray

Mechanical cleaning with sandpaper

Jet dousing with exposure to solvent vapor

Shot blasting, shot blasting, hydrojet cleaning with a shot size of no more than 0.8 mm

Dipping

Galting

Mechanical cleaning with metal brushes

Mechanical cleaning with electrocorundum

* - From January 1, 2006, GOST 9.402-2004 comes into force (hereinafter).

Notes:

1. For coatings with putty, surface preparation operations before painting are not standardized.

2. It is allowed to use other surface preparation operations, in addition to those indicated in the table, that ensure the required quality of the painted metal surface in accordance with GOST 9.032-74* and other methods of painting and drying that ensure the required quality of the coating.

3. For class IV coatings, the number of abrasive paper and electric wire is not regulated.

APPENDIX 5 Information
TYPES OF HARMONIOUS COLOR COMBINATIONS

1. The use of paint and varnish coating colors to create appropriate color schemes for products is determined by the psychological (emotional) and physiological impact of individual colors and color combinations on a person.

When choosing color combinations of coatings, their harmony should be the first and main condition.

2. To obtain harmonious color combinations, it is necessary that there is a certain relationship between colors (contrast or similarity between colors in hue, lightness or saturation).

3. The relationship between colors is achieved using the principles of choosing color combinations along the color wheel (Fig. 1).

Color circle

F - yellow; ZhO - yellow-orange; O - orange; KO - red-orange; K - red; P - purple; FP - violet-purple; F - purple; C - blue; SZ - blue-green; Z - green; ZhZ - yellow-green; I, II, Ш, IV - color zones

Crap. 1

4. When choosing color combinations, take into account the characteristics of the four psychological optimal primary colors - yellow (221), red (7), blue (427), green (324) and intermediate ones - orange, violet-purple, yellow-green.

5. Color combinations are divided into five main groups according to psychophysiological characteristics: contrasting, related, related-contrasting, equitonal, complex.

9. The car is operated in atmospheric conditions of temperate and tropical climates, becomes dirty with road dust, dirt and is subjected to periodic washing with hot and cold water using brushes. The time between repairs is 3 years, the car is constantly maintained.

10. The specified operating conditions are satisfied by paint and varnish coatings obtained on the basis of melamine-alkyd enamel ML-12 and perchlorovinyl enamel XB-110.

The coating system, consisting of two layers of ML-12 enamel applied to a primed surface, is stable in atmospheric conditions of temperate and tropical climates for 3 years.

The coating system, consisting of two layers of XB-110 enamel applied to a phosphated and primed surface, is also stable in temperate and tropical climates for 3 years.

11. In terms of color, texture, gloss and class of enamel ML-12 and XB-110 meet the requirements: the color of enamel ML-12 is orange (121, 128), the color of enamel XB-110 is yellow (285, 286), coatings according to the recommended - smooth , glossy (ML-12), semi-gloss (XB-110), the maximum achieved coating class is II for ML-12 enamel and III for XB-110 enamel.

12. Taking into account the level of production of the painting area (production - serial, painting on flow conveyors by pneumatic spraying or spraying in an electric field, drying in thermoradiation drying chambers at a temperature of 130 ºС), you should choose ML-12 enamel, which is applied using the specified method and has a mode thermoradiation drying at a temperature of 130 ºС for 20 minutes.

Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging
PAINT COATINGS Groups, technical requirements and designations

Unified, system of corrosion and aging protection. Paint coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations

GOST 9.032-74
Date of introduction 07/01/75

This standard applies to paint and varnish coatings (hereinafter referred to as coatings) on the surfaces of products and establishes groups, technical requirements and designations of coatings.1. COATING GROUPS
1.1. Depending on the purpose, coatings are divided into groups established in table. 1.

Table 1

Coating group	terms of Use	Designation of operating conditions
Weatherproof	Climatic factors	According to GOST 9.104-71
Waterproof	Marine, fresh iodine and its vapors
	Fresh water and her couples
	Sea water
Special	X-ray and other types of radiation, deep cold, open flame, biological influences, etc.
	X-ray and other types of radiation
	Deep cold (temperature below minus 60 °C)
	Open flame
	Impact of biological factors
Oil and petrol resistant	Mineral oils and lubricants, gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
	Mineral oils and lubricants
	Gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
Chemical resistant	Various chemical reagents
	Aggressive gases, vapors
	Solutions of acids and acid salts
	Solutions of alkalis and basic salts
	Solutions of neutral salts
Heat resistant	Temperature above 60 °C
Electrical insulating and electrical conductive	Electricity, voltage, electric arc and surface discharges
	Electrical insulating
	Electrically conductive

Note. To designate the operating conditions of heat-resistant coatings, add the value of the maximum temperature, for example, 8160°C.
If necessary, the maximum temperature value is added to the designation of operating conditions for other coatings, for example, 460°C. 6/1150°c. 9200°C.
Sec. 1. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3). 2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Coatings must meet the requirements established in table. 2.

table 2

Notes:

2. In technically justified cases, it is allowed to use high-gloss coatings for classes III-IV, glossy ones for V-VII. At the same time, the standards for high-gloss coatings of classes III-IV must correspond to the standards for glossy coatings, glossy coatings of classes V-VII - for semi-matte.
3. For products with a painted surface area of ​​less than 1 for classes I-III, the number of inclusions is recalculated for a given area; if the result is not a whole number, then the value is rounded to the side more. The table shows the size of one inclusion. When assessing the coating, all inclusions visible under the conditions of clause 2.6 are taken into account. For coatings of all classes, a different number of inclusions is allowed, if the size of each inclusion and the total size of the inclusions does not exceed that indicated for this class in the table.
4. For classes IV-VII, individual surface irregularities are allowed, due to the condition of the surface being painted.
5. For cast products weighing more than 10 tons, it is allowed to increase the waviness of coatings by 2 mm for classes III - IV.
6. Allowed for welded and riveted products with a painted surface of more than 5, increasing the waviness of the coating by 2.5 mm for class III, by 3.5 mm for classes IV-VI
7. It is allowed to apply classification and designation according to regulatory and technical documentation if the specifics of the non-metallic materials being painted do not allow characterizing the coating class according to Table. 2.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 4). 2.2. Coating defects that affect protective properties coatings (punctures, craters, wrinkling and others). 2.3. Requirements for the surface of the metal to be painted are given in mandatory Appendix 2.
Requirements for non-metallic painted surfaces are established in standards or technical specifications for the product. 2.4. Requirements for the roughness of a primed or putty surface are given in reference appendix 2a.2.5. Requirements for the gloss of coatings are given in recommended Appendix 3.2.6. Controls are carried out in daylight or artificial diffused light, at a distance of 0.3 m from the object of inspection. Norms artificial lighting accepted according to SNiP II-A.9-71.2.7. Methods for determining gloss and the presence of coating defects are given in recommended Appendix 4. Evaluation of shagreen by a profiler-profilometer is given in Appendix 5.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 4).

2.8. Quality control of the coating may be carried out using a sample manufactured and approved in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications on the product.
Sec. 2. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3). 3. DESIGNATION OF COATINGS
3.1. The designation of coatings is written in the following order:
a) designation paint and varnish material outer coating layer according to GOST 9825-73:
b) coating class according to table. 2 of this standard or according to the relevant regulatory and technical documentation indicating its designation;
c) designation of operating conditions:

• in terms of impact climatic factors- group of operating conditions according to GOST 9.104-79;
• in terms of exposure to special environments - according to table. 1 of this standard.

3.2. It is allowed in the designation of the coating, instead of the paint and varnish material of the outer layer of the coating, to write down the designation of the paint and varnish materials in the technological sequence of application (primer, putty, etc.) indicating the number of layers or to designate the coating in accordance with standards or specifications.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3). 3.3. The designation of the paint and varnish material, the coating class and the designation of operating conditions are separated by dots. When exposed to different operating conditions, their designations are separated by a “dash”. Examples of coating designations are given in table. 3.

Table 3

Coverage designation	Coating characteristics
Enamel ML-152 blue. II.У1	Coating with blue enamel ML-152 according to class II, used outdoors in a temperate macro-climatic region
Enamel XC-710 gray. Varnish XC-76.IV.7/2	Coating with gray enamel XC-710 followed by varnishing with XC-76 varnish according to class IV, used when exposed to acid solutions
Enamel XB-124 blue. V.7/1-T2	Coating with blue enamel XB-124 according to class V, used under a canopy in an atmosphere polluted by gases from chemical and other industries, in a tropical dry macroclimatic region
Primer FL-03k brown. VI.UZ	Coatings with primer FL-03k according to class VI, used indoors with natural ventilation without artificially regulated climatic conditions in a temperate macroclimatic region
Enamel PF-115 dark gray 896.III.U1	Coating with dark gray 896 PF-115 enamel of class III, used outdoors in a temperate macroclimatic region

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3,4).

3.4. In the designation of coatings, it is allowed to indicate special operating conditions by their full name.

3.5. If the painted surface is simultaneously or alternately in different conditions operation, then they are all indicated in the designation. In this case, the main condition of operation is put in first place.

3.6. If the paint coating is preceded by a metallic or non-metallic inorganic coating, then their designations are separated by a fraction line, and the designation of the paint coating is placed in second place. For example, a cadmium coating, 6 microns thick, followed by painting with red-brown polyvinyl butyral enamel VL-515 according to class III, for the operation of the coating when exposed to petroleum products:

Kd6/Enamel VL-515 red-brown.III.6/2
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

Appendix 1. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

APPENDIX 2
Mandatory

Requirements for painted metal surfaces

Notes:
1. The sign “-” indicates that the use of coatings for this class is unacceptable or not economically feasible.
2. For all classes of coatings, nicks, unevenly cut edges, sharp edges and corners at the transition points from one section to another are not allowed.
3. When painting cast parts weighing more than 10 tons, an increase in non-flatness by 2 mm is allowed for classes III-VI.
4. For products with a painted surface of more than 5, it is allowed to increase non-flatness by 2.5 mm for class III, by 3.5 mm for classes IV-VI.
5. When painting cast parts weighing more than 5 tons for classes III and IV, it is allowed to increase the roughness of the surface to be puttied to 630 microns.
6. For class I coating, only local puttying is allowed.
7. Individual surface irregularities mean irregularities with dimensions (length or width) of no more than 20 mm.
8 Requirements for surface non-flatness are given for flat surfaces With largest size more than 500 mm. When assessing the non-flatness of a surface, individual irregularities are not taken into account
9. For surfaces subject to puttying, under class III coatings, the presence of individual irregularities up to 1 mm in height is allowed.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3,4). APPENDIX 2a
Information

Requirements for the roughness of a primed or putty surface for various classes coatings

Note. The sign “-” means that the use of coatings for this class is unacceptable or economically impractical.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3). APPENDIX 3
Recommended

Requirements for gloss of coatings

Gloss level, %, for coatings
								relief
plain						patterned (hammer)		"moire"		"shagreen"
high- glossy	glossy, in including glossy ones with glaze effect	semi-glossy	semi-matte		deep matte	glossy	semi-glossy	semi-matte		semi-matte
					No more than 3

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3)

Methods for determining gloss and defects of coatings

Appearance indicator	Determination method
	Gloss meter FB-2 on products or witness samples with a coating obtained using the technology adopted for products, or visually by comparison with a sample approved in accordance with the technical specifications for coatings
Inclusions: quantity size	Visually Drawing ruler according to GOST 17435-72 and magnifying glass LI-3-10 according to GOST 25706-83
	Visually by comparison with a sample approved in accordance with the technical specifications for coatings, when arbitrated with a profilograph-profilometer type 1 according to GOST 19300-86 or other devices of a similar type
Risks, touches	Visually, by comparison with a sample approved in accordance with the normative and technical documentation for coatings
Heterogeneity of the pattern
Variation of shades
Waviness of the coating	A straight edge 500 mm long, placed edgewise on the surface being checked. Using another ruler or feeler gauge, the maximum gap between the surface and the ruler is measured. The ruler is installed in such a way that the greatest waviness is determined on the surface being tested

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3, 4). APPENDIX 5
Recommended

Evaluation of shagreen by a profiler-profilometer

The assessment of shagreen by a profilograph-profilometer of the surface of the coating is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the device when maximum length sensor stroke 40 mm. Recommended vertical magnification when recording is 2000-4000 times, horizontal - 4 times.
Shagreen is characterized by height h and base t of irregularities. Using the profilogram, the average height and average base in millimeters are determined for five maximum protrusions: Where - height of unevenness at five points; where is the base of the irregularities at five points.
An estimate of the size of shagreen is given in the table.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 4).

Edition with Amendments No. 1, 2, 3, 4, approved in June 1976, March 1980, February 1986, March 1989 (IUS 7-76, 5-80, 5-86, 5-89 ).

Resolution State Committee standards of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated September 3, 1974 No. 2089 date of introduction set

01.07.75

The validity period was removed by Decree of the USSR State Standard of March 13, 1989 No. 455

This standard applies to paint and varnish coatings (hereinafter referred to as coatings) of product surfaces and establishes groups, technical requirements and designations of coatings.

1. GROUPS OF COATINGS

1.1. Depending on the purpose of the coating, they are divided into groups established in the table. 1.

Table 1

Coating group	Terms of Use	Designation of operating conditions
Weatherproof	Climatic factors
Waterproof	Sea, fresh water and its vapors
	Fresh water and its vapors
	Sea water
Special	X-ray and other types of radiation, deep cold, open flame, biological influences, etc.
	X-ray and other types of radiation
	Deep cold (temperature below minus 60 °C)
	Open flame
	Impact of biological factors
Oil and petrol resistant	Mineral oils and lubricants, gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
	Mineral oils and lubricants
	Gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
Chemical resistant	Various chemical reagents
	Aggressive gases, vapors
	Solutions of acids and acid salts
	Solutions of alkalis and basic salts
	Solutions of neutral salts
Heat resistant	Temperature above 60 °C
Electrical insulating and electrical conductive	Electric current, voltage, arc and surface discharges
	Electrical insulating
	Electrically conductive

Note. To designate the operating conditions of heat-resistant coatings, add the value of the maximum temperature, for example, 8,160 °C.

If necessary, the value of the maximum temperature is added to the designation of operating conditions for other coatings, for example, 4 60 °C, 6/1 150 °C, 8 200 °C.

Sec. 1.

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Coatings must meet the requirements established in table. 2.

table 2

Coverage class	Name of defect	Standard for coatings
										relief
		plain							patterned (hammer)	"Moire"	"Shagreenevs"
		high gloss	glossy, including with glaze effect		semi-gloss	semi-matte		deep matte	glossy and semi-gloss	semi-matte and matte	semi-matte
	Inclusions:	Not allowed
	quantity, pcs/m 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
	distance between inclusions, mm, not less
		Not allowed					Not allowed
		Not allowed					Not allowed
	Strokes, risks	Not allowed					Not allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more	Not allowed					Not allowed
	Variation of shades	Not allowed					Not allowed
	Inclusions:
	size, mm, no more
	distance between inclusions, mm, no more
		Minor is allowed							Not standardized
	Strokes, risks	Individuals are allowed
		Not allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more	Not allowed
	Variation of shades	Not allowed
	Heterogeneity of the pattern	Not standardized							Not allowed
	Inclusions:
	quantity, pcs/m 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
				Minor is allowed					Not standardized
				Not allowed
	Strokes, risks			Individuals are allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Variation of shades			Not allowed
	Heterogeneity of the pattern			Not standardized					Not allowed
	Inclusions:
	size, mm, no more
	distance between inclusions, mm, not less
				Allowed					Not standardized
				Not allowed
	Strokes, risks			Individuals are allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Variation of shades			Not allowed
	Heterogeneity of the pattern			Not standardized					Not allowed
	Inclusions:
	quantity, pcs/dm, no more
	size, mm, no more
					Allowed				Not standardized
					Individuals are allowed
	Strokes, risks				Allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Variation of shades				Not allowed
	Heterogeneity of the pattern				Not standardized				Not allowed
	Inclusions:
	quantity, pcs./dm 2, no more
	size, mm, no more
					Allowed				Not standardized
					Individuals are allowed
	Strokes, risks				Allowed
	Waviness, mm, no more
	Variation of shades				Allowed
	Heterogeneity of the pattern				Not standardized				Allowed
	Inclusions				Not standardized						Not standardized
					Not standardized						Not standardized
					Not standardized						Not standardized
	Strokes, risks				Not standardized						Not standardized
	Waviness, mm, no more				Not standardized						Not standardized
	Variation of shades				Not standardized						Not standardized
	Heterogeneity of the pattern				Not standardized						Not standardized

Notes:

1. The sign “-” indicates that the use of coatings for this class is unacceptable or not economically feasible.

2. In technically justified cases, the use of high-gloss coatings for classes III - IV, glossy - for V - VII is allowed. At the same time, the standards for high-gloss coatings of classes III - IV must correspond to the standards for glossy coatings, glossy coatings of classes V - VII - for semi-matte.

3. For products with a painted surface area of ​​less than 1 m2 for classes I - III, the number of inclusions is recalculated for a given area; if the result is not a whole number, then the value is rounded towards a larger number. The table shows the size of one inclusion. When assessing the coating, all inclusions visible under the conditions of clause 2.6 are taken into account. For coatings of all classes, a different number of inclusions is allowed, if the size of each inclusion and the total size of the inclusions does not exceed that indicated for this class in the table.

4. For classes IV - VII, individual surface irregularities are allowed, due to the condition of the surface being painted.

5. For cast products weighing more than 10 tons, it is allowed to increase the waviness of coatings by 2 mm for classes III - VI.

6. It is allowed for welded and riveted products with a painted surface of more than 5 m2 to increase the waviness of coatings by 2.5 mm for class III, by 3.5 mm for classes IV - VI.

7. It is allowed to apply classification and designation according to regulatory and technical documentation if the specifics of the non-metallic materials being painted do not allow characterizing the coating class according to Table. 2.

2.2. Coating defects that affect the protective properties of the coating (punctures, craters, wrinkling, etc.) are not allowed.

2.3. Requirements for the surface of the metal to be painted are given in Appendix 2. Requirements for non-metallic surfaces to be painted are established in the standards or technical specifications for the product.

2.4. Requirements for the roughness of a primed or putty surface are given in Appendix 2a.

2.5. Requirements for the gloss of coatings are given in Appendix 3.

2.6. Inspection is carried out in daylight or artificial diffused light, at a distance of 0.3 m from the subject of inspection. Artificial lighting standards are adopted according to SNiP II-A.9-71.

2.7. Methods for determining gloss and the presence of coating defects are given in Appendix 4. Evaluation of shagreen by a profilograph-profilometer is given in Appendix 5.

2.1 - 2.7.

2.8. Quality control of the coating may be carried out using a sample manufactured and approved in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications for the product.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3. DESIGNATION OF COATINGS

3.1. The designation of coatings is written in the following order:

a) designation of the paint and varnish material of the outer coating layer according to GOST 9825-73;

b) coating class according to table. 2 or according to the relevant regulatory and technical documentation indicating its designation;

c) designation of operating conditions:

in terms of the impact of climatic factors - a group of operating conditions according to GOST 9.104-79;

in terms of exposure to special environments - according to table. 1.

3.2. It is allowed in the designation of the coating, instead of the paint and varnish material of the outer layer of the coating, to write down the designation of the paint and varnish materials in the technological sequence of application (primer, putty, etc.) indicating the number of layers or to designate the coating in accordance with standards or specifications.

3.1, 3.2. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3.3. The designation of the paint and varnish material, the coating class and the designation of operating conditions are separated by dots. When exposed to different operating conditions, their designations are separated by a “dash”. Examples of coating designations are given in table. 3.

Table 3

Coverage designation	Coating characteristics
Enamel ML-152 blue. VI.У1	Coating with blue enamel ML-152 according to class II, used in the open air of a temperate macroclimatic region
Enamel XC-710 gray. Varnish XC-76.IV.7/2	Coating with gray enamel XC-710 followed by varnishing with XC-76 varnish according to class IV, used when exposed to acid solutions
Enamel XB-124 blue V.7/1-T2	Coating with blue enamel XB-124 according to class V, used under a canopy in an atmosphere polluted by gases from chemical and other industries, in a tropical dry macroclimatic region
Primer FL-03k brown VI.U3	Primer coating FL-03k according to class IV, used indoors with natural ventilation without artificially controlled climatic conditions in a temperate macroclimatic region
Enamel PF-115 dark gray 896.III.U1	Coating with dark gray 896 PF-115 enamel of class III, used outdoors in a temperate macroclimatic region

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3, 4).

3.4. When designating coatings, it is allowed to indicate special operating conditions by their full name.

3.5. If the painted surface is simultaneously or alternately exposed to different operating conditions, then they are all indicated in the designation. In this case, the main condition of operation is put in first place.

3.6. If the paint coating is preceded by a metallic or non-metallic inorganic coating, then their designations are separated by a fraction line, and the designation of the paint coating is placed in second place. For example, a cadmium coating with a thickness of 6 microns, followed by painting with red-brown polyvinyl butyral enamel VL-515 according to class III, for the operation of the coating when exposed to petroleum products:

Kd6/Enamel VL-515 red-brown. III.6/2

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

ANNEX 1 . (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).

APPENDIX 2

Mandatory

Requirements for painted metal surfaces

Coverage class	Name of indicators of the surface to be painted	Standard for coatings
										relief
		plain							patterned (hammer)	"Moire"	"Shagreenevs"
		high gloss	glossy and glossy with glaze effect		semi-gloss	semi-matte		deep matte	glossy and semi-gloss	semi-matte and matte	semi-matte
		Visually by comparison with a sample approved in accordance with the normative and technical documentation for coatings, in case of arbitration - with a profilograph-profilometer type 1 in accordance with GOST 19300-86 or other devices of a similar type
	Risks, touches	Visually, by comparison with a sample approved in accordance with With Technical specifications for coatings
Heterogeneity of the pattern
Variation of shades
Waviness of the coating	A straight edge 500 mm long, placed edgewise on the surface being checked. Using another ruler or feeler gauge, the maximum gap between the surface and the ruler is measured. The ruler is installed in such a way that the greatest waviness is determined on the surface being tested

APPLICATION4 . (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3, 4).

APPENDIX 5

EVALUATION OF SHAGREN BY A PROFILOGRAPHER-PROFILOMETER

The evaluation of shagreen by a profilograph-profilometer of the surface of the coating is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the device with a maximum stroke length of the sensor of 40 mm. Recommended vertical magnification when recording is 2000 - 4000 times, horizontal - 4 times.

Shagreen is characterized by height h and the basis t unevenness. Using the profilogram, the average height and average base in millimeters are determined for five maximum protrusions:

Where h 1 , h 2 , h 3 , h 4 , h 5 - height of irregularities at five points;

Where l 1 , l 2 , l 3 , l 4 , l 5 - base of irregularities at five points.

An estimate of the size of shagreen is given in the table.

APPLICATION5 . (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 4).

Paint coatings must:

Holds firmly on the surface;

Have the necessary mechanical strength, hardness and elasticity;

Be resistant to moisture, oil products, exhaust gases and sun rays;

Be water- and gas-tight;

Maintain its qualities at positive temperatures in summer and negative temperatures in winter;

Be neutral, do not cause corrosion of painted surfaces;

Dry quickly after application to the surface and do not require complex drying devices;

Provide required color surface to be painted at minimum thickness and the number of layers applied, i.e. have good hiding power;

Be inexpensive, durable and allow partial or complete restoration to be carried out in inexpensive and accessible ways.

Not one of modern materials does not fully meet these requirements. For this and a number of other reasons, in most cases, coatings are made multilayer.

10.2 Structure of the paint coating and requirements for basic materials

The main structural elements of a multi-layer paint coating are: a layer of primer, a layer of putty and several layers of paint (Figure 10.1).

The first layer of coating – primer – is applied to the prepared surface. Its main purpose is to ensure high adhesion between the metal and subsequent layers of coating.

Based on this, soils are required to:

High adhesion to metals, wood and others construction materials;

The ability to retain subsequent layers of coating due to the interpenetration of materials;

Good anti-corrosion properties;

Dry as quickly as possible.

1 – surface to be painted;

2 – soil layer;

3 – layer of local putty;

4 – layer of general putty;

5 – layer of paint.

Figure 10.1 – Structure of a multilayer paint coating

Putty is used to level the surface to be painted. There are local and general putty layers. The first is aimed at leveling out large defects, the second is to obtain a smooth coating over the entire painted area.

The following is required from putty materials:

Good adhesion to soils;

Sufficient mechanical strength, especially shock and vibration resistance;

Relatively good drying properties;

Ability to be sanded.

The treated putty or primer is covered with several layers of paint. Each layer goes through a drying stage.

The paints are required to:

Sufficient adhesion to primers and putties;

Ability to form a continuous protective film;

High weather resistance;

Resistance to technical fluids and other substances with which the coating comes into contact during machine operation.

10.3 Classification of paints and varnishes

Paint and varnish materials are designated by five groups of symbols.

The first group of signs determines the type of paint and varnish material and is indicated by a full word, for example, “primer”, “putty”, “enamel”, “varnish”.

The second group of signs determines the main resin that is part of the film-forming substance and is designated by two letters: GF - glypthals, PF - pentaphthals, FL - phenolic, ML - melamine, EP - epoxy, VL - polyvinyl acetate, NC - nitrocellulose, MA - vegetable oils and etc.

The third group of signs determines the group to which the paint and varnish material is assigned according to its purpose: 0 - semi-finished primers and varnishes, 00 - putties, 1 - weather-resistant, 2 - resistant indoors, 5 - special (for leather, rubber, etc. ), 7 – resistant to various environments, 8 – heat-resistant, 9 – electrically insulating. A dash is placed between the second and third groups of characters.

The fourth group of signs relates mainly to enamels and determines their color. It is fully designated by words (“white”, “blue”, and if there are shades “blue – 1”, “blue – 2”, etc.). If the enamel color is assigned a number, then in the fifth group of characters the color number is first indicated, and then the color is written in full in words. A dash is placed between the fourth and fifth groups of characters.

Example symbol: “enamel ML – 12 – 38 blue” (enamel, main film-forming methylamine (ML) resin, weather-resistant (1), serial number second (2), color blue (38).

Paint and varnish coatings are classified according to the coating material, appearance coating surface (coating class) and operating conditions.

Based on their appearance, paint surfaces are divided into four classes. The first class is characterized by a smooth, uniform surface, without defects visible to the naked eye (body passenger cars). The second class allows for individual unnoticeable defects on the surface: specks, streaks, stripping marks, etc. (bus bodies, cabins and tails trucks). The third class allows for unevenness associated with the condition of the surface to be painted before painting. The fourth class allows visible defects that do not affect the protective properties of the coating. The third and fourth classes are used to paint frames, axles, wheels, loading platforms and other parts of vehicles that only need anti-corrosion protection.

According to operating conditions (stability), paint and varnish coatings are divided into eight groups: indoor resistant (P); weather-resistant (A) (coatings for cars); chemically resistant (Х, ХК, ХШ); water resistant in fresh (B) and sea water (VM); heat-resistant (T); oil resistant (M); petrol resistant (B) and electrical insulating (E).

According to the degree of gloss, paint and varnish coatings are divided into glossy, semi-gloss and matte.

An example of a symbol for a paint coating; "EM NTs - 25, blue, I. P" (coating applied with nitro enamel (NC) of blue color, made according to the first class (I) and resistant to indoor use (P).

The most important indicators of varnishes and paints include: viscosity, flow (the ability of paints to give an even, smooth surface, without brush strokes and without ripples when applied with a spray gun), drying time, hiding power (the property of paint, when applied in a thin, uniform layer, to make the color of the painted surface invisible), adhesion (the ability of the paint film to stick to the surface being painted), strength and hardness of the film, water - and oil and petrol resistance, toxicity and flammability.

10.4 Technology of painting car bodies. Auxiliary materials

The technology for painting car bodies at car factories, as a rule, includes the following basic operations: degreasing; phosphating; primary priming and drying; applying a secondary primer or putty and drying; applying enamel of a certain color and drying.

Painting of engine parts, chassis and transmissions is usually done in one layer over a degreased and phosphated surface.

Auxiliary materials are intended for preparing the surface before painting, diluting paints and varnishes to working viscosity, and accelerating drying of the coating.

Solvents are used to clean surfaces before painting, as well as to bring paints and varnishes to working viscosity. Various organic compounds and, in some cases, water are used as solvents. Organic solvents can be single-component or multi-component (mixtures of single-component solvents), called compound solvents, diluents or thinners. The most common one-component solvents and their purpose are given in Table B.1 of Appendix B. The composition and purpose of multicomponent solvents are given in Table B.2 of Appendix B. Removers are made using solvents - special compositions intended for removing old paintwork. Removers contain the following components: active solvents, thickeners, evaporation retarders, disintegrants, emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors and special additives. The composition and purpose of paint removers are given in Table B.3 of Appendix B.

Degreasing the surface before painting involves removing from the surface preservative and process oils, lubricants, grinding and polishing compounds, various contaminants. For degreasing, organic solvents, alkaline or acidic aqueous, are used. cleaning compositions, emulsion compositions (tables B.4 and B.5, Appendix B). The required degree of degreasing is achieved by combining various degreasing agents in one technology. Degreasing of car bodies, as a rule, begins with preliminary preparation: external surfaces are wiped with a brush or rag with white spirit, and areas with a slight coating of rust are wiped with dioxidine - a special deoxidizing liquid. A more progressive method of preliminary preparation of the surface of bodies before painting is jet washing with an aqueous solution of the Omega-1 composition, which has a washing and deoxidizing effect.

Phosphating the metal surface before painting allows you to ensure the required level of protective properties of paint and varnish coatings - it increases the adhesion of the coating to the metal and significantly inhibits the development of under-film corrosion. Phosphating is carried out by surface treatment aqueous solutions, containing metal phosphorus salts and various additives that play the role of phosphating process activators, corrosion inhibitors, thickeners and fillers. For phosphating, solutions based on zinc, iron, manganese salts, as well as their mixtures are used (Table B.6, Appendix B). The surface is treated with a phosphating solution in the factory by dipping or spraying. Repair technology also uses pouring and application with a brush or swab.

Grinding and polishing operations are integral part technological process car body painting. Before car bodies are sent for painting, the outer surfaces are grinded to eliminate metal defects and ensure a roughness of no more than 2 microns. In body painting technology, grinding is used to improve adhesion between individual layers of coating, smooth out layers of putty, as well as eliminate defects - sagging, unevenness, and debris from dried layers of paint and varnish coatings. For grinding, abrasive materials are used in the form of powders, pastes, and sanding pads on paper and fabric bases. There are dry and wet (with water) grinding methods. More common wet method, for which waterproof sanding pads are used.

10.5 Chemicals for car care

By purpose chemicals for car care are divided into the following types: washing, cleaning, polishing, protective, sealing, operational, auxiliary.

10.5.1 Detergents

Based on the difficulty of removing pollution from the surface of a car, it can be divided into three types: weakly bound (sand with clay impurities), moderately bound (sand with clay impurities, as well as impurities of organic and oily substances) and tightly bound (asphalt particles, various tarry contaminants). Loosely bound contaminants can be washed off with water; moderately bound and strongly bound contaminants cannot be removed with water alone.

To wash paintwork, as well as upholstery and plastic parts of a car, car shampoos are used, which include superficial active substances, alcohols, carboxylmethylcellulose, liquid soda glass and other substances. Car shampoo formulations are selected in such a way that they do not have a corrosive effect. There are car shampoos, the use of which promotes anti-corrosion protection; they are especially recommended for washing damaged paintwork.

Exist detergents for washing and short-term preservation of paint and varnish coatings (Lak Klin).

High efficiency Automotive preparations such as “Car sill cleaner” are designed for washing closed cavities and the underbody before anti-corrosion treatment.

10.5.2 Cleaning agents

To clean various parts and assemblies of the car from contaminants that cannot be removed with shampoos (rust, carbon deposits and other tightly bound compounds), special cleaning agents are used.

For removing bitumen, grease and oil stains from car paint surfaces, liquid preparations such as “Auto Bitumen Stain Cleaner” containing highly effective solvents are very effective.

To remove rust chemically On metal surfaces, before applying anticorrosives to them, paste-like rust removers of the Omega-1 type are used.

To quickly remove dirt, oils and other water-insoluble contaminants from the surface of the engine and components, effective liquid preparations such as "Engine Auto Cleaner" are used. It is applied to the surface to be cleaned and after 10 – 15 minutes it is washed with water until the resulting emulsion is completely removed. It is not allowed to clean the engine with gasoline.

To clean the glass of a car body at moderate and low temperatures (up to – 27 0 C), liquid car preparations such as “Auto Cleaner – 2 glasses” containing alcohols, surfactants, etc. are used. This product can also be poured into the glass washer reservoir in pure form or diluted with water in a ratio of 1:5. It is not recommended to wash car windows with window glass cleaner.

For removing contaminants from paint coatings and decorative parts of cars without the use of water (which is especially convenient in winter time) "Quick detergent with silicone" is used). When using this product, a protective film is formed on the cleaned surface, protecting paint and varnish and galvanic coatings from harmful atmospheric influences. It is unacceptable to use gasoline to clean paint surfaces.

There are also means for removing scale from the cooling system (“Auto-cleaner – 1 scale”); removing carbon deposits (“Auto carbon deposit cleaner”); cleaning and degreasing friction linings (“Stop”); removing ice and frost from windows and defrosting locks (“Auto defroster”) and others.

10.5.3 Polishes

To maintain and restore the shine of the paintwork and maintain its service life, special polishing agents are used.

Depending on the life of the car and the condition of the paintwork, polishing agents are used following types:

For new paint coatings (for cars in the first year of operation);

For weathered paint and varnish coatings (for cars in use for 2 - 3 years).

For old paintwork (after 3 years of use).

When caring for an old coating, longer polishing of the surface is required.

Increasing weather resistance is achieved by introducing into the composition polishing and preservative agents, special additives that improve physical and mechanical properties protective films obtained on the surface, which as a result can withstand up to 5 – 10 washes.

10.6 Self-test questions

1 What are paint and varnish materials used in automobile transport used for?

2 List the basic requirements for paint and varnish coatings?

3 What are the main structural elements of a paint coating?

4 List the main requirements for the soil layer?

5 List the main requirements for putty materials?

6 List the basic requirements for car paints?

7 How are paint and varnish materials classified?

8 What basic operations does a typical car body painting technology include?

9 For what purpose are solvents used when painting cars?

10 For what purposes is degreasing of painted surfaces performed?

11 For what purposes is phosphating of painted surfaces performed?

12 For what purposes and when is sanding used when painting cars?

13 How are car care chemicals classified according to their intended purpose?

14 How are contaminants classified according to difficulty of removal from car surfaces?

15 What are the main components included in car shampoos?

16 For what purposes are cleaning products used when caring for a car?

17 What are the main types of polishing agents, indicate their areas of application?

Standards > GOST, SNiP, SP, TU

Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging
PAINT COATINGS

Groups, technical requirements and designations
Unified, system of corrosion and aging protection. Paint coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations

GOST 9.032-74
Date of introduction 07/01/75

This standard applies to paint and varnish coatings (hereinafter referred to as coatings) on the surfaces of products and establishes groups, technical requirements and designations of coatings.

1. GROUPS OF COATINGS
1.1. Depending on the purpose, coatings are divided into groups established in table. 1.

Table 1

Coating group	terms of Use	Designation of operating conditions
Weatherproof	Climatic factors	According to GOST 9.104-71
Waterproof	Marine, fresh iodine and its vapors
	Fresh water and its vapors	4 /1
	Sea water
Special	X-ray and other types of radiation, deep cold, open flame, biological influences, etc.
	X-ray and other types of radiation
	Deep cold (temperature below minus 60 °C)
	Open flame
	Impact of biological factors
Oil and petrol resistant	Mineral oils and lubricants, gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
	Mineral oils and lubricants
	Gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products
Chemical resistant	Various chemical reagents
	Aggressive gases, vapors
	Solutions of acids and acid salts
	Solutions of alkalis and basic salts
	Solutions of neutral salts
Heat resistant	Temperature above 60 °C
Electrical insulating and electrical conductive	Electric current, voltage, arc and surface discharges
	Electrical insulating
	Electrically conductive

Note. To designate the operating conditions of heat-resistant coatings, add the value of the maximum temperature, for example, 8 160 °C
If necessary, the maximum temperature value is added to the designation of operating conditions for other coatings, for example, 4 60 °C. 6/1 150 °c. 9 200 °C.
Sec. 1. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Coatings must meet the requirements established in table. 2.

table 2

Notes:

2. In technically justified cases, it is allowed to use high-gloss coatings for classes III-IV, glossy ones for V-VII. At the same time, the standards for high-gloss coatings of classes III-IV must correspond to the standards for glossy coatings, glossy coatings of classes V-VII - for semi-matte.
3. For products with a painted surface area of ​​less than 1 for I - III classes, the number of inclusions is recalculated for a given area; if the result is not an integer, then the value is rounded towards a larger number. The table shows the size of one inclusion. When assessing the coating, all inclusions visible under the conditions of clause 2.6 are taken into account. For coatings of all classes, a different number of inclusions is allowed, if the size of each inclusion and the total size of the inclusions does not exceed that indicated for this class in the table.
4. For classes IV-VII, individual surface irregularities are allowed, due to the condition of the surface being painted.
5. For cast products weighing more than 10 tons, it is allowed to increase the waviness of coatings by 2 mm for III - IV classes.
6. Allowed for welded and riveted products with a painted surface of more than 5increasing the waviness of the coating by 2.5 mm for class III, by 3.5 mm for classes IV-VI
7. It is allowed to apply classification and designation according to regulatory and technical documentation if the specifics of the non-metallic materials being painted do not allow characterizing the coating class according to Table. 2.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 4).

2.2. Coating defects that affect the protective properties of the coating (punctures, craters, wrinkling, etc.) are not allowed.

2.3. Requirements for the surface of the metal to be painted are given in mandatory Appendix 2.
Requirements for non-metallic painted surfaces are also established in standards or technical specifications for the product.

2.4. Requirements for the roughness of a primed or putty surface are given in reference Appendix 2a.

2.5. Requirements for the gloss of coatings are given in recommended Appendix 3.

2.6. Controls are carried out in daylight or artificial diffused light, at a distance of 0.3 m from the object of inspection. Artificial lighting standards are adopted according to SNiP II -A.9-71.

2.7. Methods for determining gloss and the presence of coating defects are given in recommended Appendix 4. Evaluation of shagreen by a profiler-profilometer is given in Appendix 5.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 4).

2.8. Quality control of the coating may be carried out using a sample manufactured and approved in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications for the product.
Sec. 2. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3. DESIGNATION OF COATINGS
3.1. The designation of coatings is written in the following order:
a) designation of the paint and varnish material of the outer coating layer according to GOST 9825-73:
b) coating class according to table. 2 of this standard or according to the relevant regulatory and technical documentation indicating its designation;
c) designation of operating conditions:

• in terms of the impact of climatic factors - a group of operating conditions according to GOST 9.104-79;
• in terms of exposure to special environments - according to table. 1 of this standard.

3.2. It is allowed in the designation of the coating, instead of the paint and varnish material of the outer layer of the coating, to write down the designation of the paint and varnish materials in the technological sequence of application (primer, putty, etc.) indicating the number of layers or to designate the coating in accordance with standards or specifications.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

3.3. The designation of the paint and varnish material, the coating class and the designation of operating conditions are separated by dots. When exposed to different operating conditions, their designations are separated by a “dash”. Examples of coating designations are given in table. 3.

Table 3

Coverage designation	Coating characteristics
Enamel ML-152 blue. II.У1	Coating with blue enamel ML-152 II class, operated outdoors in a temperate macro-climatic region
Enamel XC-710 gray. Varnish XC-76.IV.7/2	Coating with gray enamel XC-710 followed by varnishing with XC-76 varnish according to class IV, used when exposed to acid solutions
Enamel XB-124 blue. V .7/1-T2	Coating with blue enamel XB-124 according to class V, used under a canopy in an atmosphere polluted by gases from chemical and other industries, in a tropical dry macroclimatic region
Primer FL-03 to brown. VI.UZ	Primer coating FL-03k according to class VI, used indoors with natural ventilation without artificially controlled climatic conditions in a temperate macroclimatic region
Enamel PF-115 dark gray 896. III.У1	Coating with dark gray 896 PF-115 enamel of class III, used outdoors in a temperate macroclimatic region

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3,4).

3.4. In the designation of coatings, it is allowed to indicate special operating conditions by their full name.

3.5. If the painted surface is simultaneously or alternately exposed to different operating conditions, then they are all indicated in the designation. In this case, the main condition of operation is put in first place.

3.6. If the paint coating is preceded by a metallic or non-metallic inorganic coating, then their designations are separated by a fraction line, and the designation of the paint coating is placed in second place. For example, a cadmium coating, 6 microns thick, followed by painting with red-brown polyvinyl butyral enamel VL-515 according to class III, for the operation of the coating when exposed to petroleum products:

Kd6/Enamel VL-515 red-brown. III.6/2
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

Appendix 1. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).
APPENDIX 2
Mandatory

Requirements for painted metal surfaces

Notes:
1. The sign “-” indicates that the use of coatings for this class is unacceptable or not economically feasible.
2. For all classes of coatings, nicks, unevenly cut edges, sharp edges and corners at the transition points from one section to another are not allowed.
3. When painting cast parts weighing more than 10 tons, an increase in non-flatness by 2 mm is allowed for classes III-VI.
4. Allowed for products with a painted surface of more than 5increase in non-flatness by 2.5 mm for class III, by 3.5 mm for classes IV-VI.
5. When painting cast parts weighing more than 5 tons for classes III and IV, it is allowed to increase the roughness of the surface to be puttied to 630 microns.
6. For class I coating, only local puttying is allowed.
7. Individual surface irregularities mean irregularities with dimensions (length or width) of no more than 20 mm.
8 Requirements for surface non-flatness are given for flat surfaces with the largest dimension greater than 500 mm. When assessing the non-flatness of a surface, individual irregularities are not taken into account
9. For surfaces subject to puttying, under class III coatings, the presence of individual irregularities up to 1 mm in height is allowed.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3,4).

APPENDIX 2a
Information

Requirements for the roughness of a primed or putty surface for various classes of coatings

Gloss level, %, for coatings
smooth								relief
plain						patterned (hammer)		"moire"		"shagreen"
high- glossy	glossy, in including glossy ones with glaze effect	semi-glossy	semi-matte	matte	deep matte	glossy	semi-glossy	semi-matte	matte	semi-matte
Over 59	From 59 to 50	From 49 to 37	From 36 to 20	From 19 to 4	No more than 3
Inclusions: quantity size	Visually Drawing ruler according to GOST 17435-72 and magnifying glass LI-3-10 according to GOST 25706-83
Shagreen	Visually by comparison with a sample approved in accordance with the technical specifications for coatings, when arbitrated with a profilograph-profilometer type 1 according to GOST 19300-86 or other devices of a similar type
Risks, touches	Visually, by comparison with a sample approved in accordance with the normative and technical documentation for coatings
Drips	Same
Heterogeneity of the pattern
Variation of shades
Waviness of the coating	A straight edge 500 mm long, placed edgewise on the surface being checked. Using another ruler or feeler gauge, the maximum gap between the surface and the ruler is measured. The ruler is installed in such a way that the greatest waviness is determined on the surface being tested

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3, 4).

Evaluation of shagreen by a profiler-profilometer

The evaluation of shagreen by a profilograph-profilometer of the surface of the coating is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the device with a maximum stroke length of the sensor of 40 mm. Recommended vertical magnification when recording is 2000-4000 times, horizontal - 4 times.
Shagreen is characterized by height h and base t of irregularities. Using the profilogram, the average height and average base in millimeters are determined for five maximum protrusions:

Where >> 1,7 >> 1,0
>> 1,0

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 4).