Electrode heating boilers are energy saving. How to choose the best electrode boiler for heating a private home. Video: presentation video about Galan electrode boilers
There are situations when using electricity to heat a private home becomes the only option worthy of consideration. Gas pipelines, unfortunately, have not yet reached the level of ramifications to reach everyone. Solid fuel The heating system requires constant attention from the owners of the house, a mandatory separate boiler room, storage areas at least minimum supply of firewood or briquettes (pellets). Boilers for diesel fuel– are very expensive in themselves, require large installation costs and precise adjustments, and cannot be done without preparing a large container with a volume of several cubic meters for storing liquid fuel.
So, in such a situation, there is nothing left to do but switch to electric heating of the home. There are many options for solving this problem. For example, this could be using cables, mats or infrared films. Modern ones, which are easy to hide behind the decoration of the ceiling or walls, are gradually gaining appreciation. But still, the usual water heating systems remain in first place in popularity, into which, in this case, an electric boiler crashes. But here options are also possible - heat sources can be ordinary - with heating elements, induction various types. And the most controversial, causing considerable, sometimes even heated discussions, are ion heating boilers.
These devices are credited with absolutely fabulous heating efficiency indicators, for example, efficiency above 100%, and are incredibly criticized for the fact that they can usually quickly render the heating system unusable, praised for ease of installation and compactness, and at the same time “ostracized” for its low level electrical safety. As usual, in reality the truth is somewhere in the middle... Let's try to understand this, without bias, by citing in the article and positive qualities such boilers, and their inherent disadvantages. In addition, the most popular brands will be considered, indicating their technical characteristics. various models and approximate price level. And finally, as the presentation progresses, attention will be paid to some issues regarding the installation of such equipment.
How does an electrode (ionic) heating boiler work?
Probably everyone who has ever lived in a student dormitory or served in the army knows the simplest device for boiling water, which made it possible to brew a cup of tea in literally a matter of seconds. Two metal plates (old razor blades or even metal shoe shoes), spaced with a small air gap from each other, connected to a 220 volt power cable.
The simplest boiler is a kind of “prototype” of an electrode (ion) heating boiler Such a “device”, lowered into a glass and connected to power, ensures a rapid, unusually violent boiling of water. A that's enough clear example how an ion (or electrode) boiler is designed in principle.
(By the way, you should not repeat such experiments at home - this is also unsafe from the point of view of a fire in the wire from short circuit, and from a high probability of electrical injury).
Conductors placed in an electrolyte solution (and ordinary, non-distilled water is, to a certain extent, an electrolyte due to the salts dissolved in it), when voltage is applied to them, they cause ionization of the solution and the movement of ions in the opposite direction: anions - to cathode and cations, respectively, to the anode.
This would lead to the electrolysis process if the supplied current were constant. But when connecting to household mains voltage, the polarity of the electrodes changes 50 times per second (frequency 50 Hz). Instead of a uniform movement of ions, they begin to oscillate rapidly in a medium that offers considerable resistance to this. As a result, very rapid heating of the liquid occurs - that is, the coolant, which is used to transfer energy through heat exchange points.
By and large, the developers of such a circuit managed to get rid of the “middleman” - a heat-generating electric coil made of materials with high resistivity. The role of the heating element is assumed by the coolant-electrolyte itself. This is what is attributed to special properties efficiency and economy of this method of converting electrical energy into heat.
Right away, it is probably necessary to clarify some of the terminology used. IN various sources You can find the name of this technique as both “electrode” and “ionic” boilers. Moreover, some manufacturers even try to make a distinction between these concepts - they say that in ion installations it is possible to to a certain extent control and regulate the number of ions involved in the process of heating the coolant. Understanding heating specialists regard such statements as nothing more than a marketing ploy to highlight their products against the general background. But even if this is true to some extent, the merit lies not in the design of the boiler, but in the complexity of the electronics of the control unit and the quality of the coolant electrolyte. And the boiler itself was and remains electrode.
General structure of an ion (electrode) boiler
This method of quickly heating a liquid is certainly not some kind of innovative development. As a physical phenomenon, this has been known for a very long time, and its practical application in order to obtain thermal energy for heating premises was mastered in the middle of the 20th century. It is generally accepted that the first detailed boilers were developed for the needs of the fleet, or more precisely, for heating submarine compartments. And one of the requirements for any military equipment those years - maximum simplicity and highest reliability. Ion boilers fully met these requirements. There are absolutely no moving mechanical parts in them, and the internal “electrical equipment” is such that there is simply nothing to burn out in it. And the active service life of such a water heater, in fact, was determined by the strength and corrosion resistance of its body.
However, only in the early 90s were they developed, patented and put into production for use in heating systems of residential buildings. By the way, despite the fact that a quarter of a century has passed since then, neither the layout diagram nor appearance These devices have not undergone major changes. All improvements to this equipment are made, for the most part, in the field of modernization of control systems, and to some extent - in selection the most optimal, resistant materials for the housing and electrodes and the chemical composition of coolants.
Despite the fact that Similar boilers are produced by several companies, domestic and foreign, all of them are basically similar in layout, and differ only in minor details.
The layout of almost all electrode boilers is very similar - a vertically located cylinder with a thickening at the power connection point It is always a vertically located cylinder, with a thickening on one edge - there is an electrical switching unit. There are always two threaded pipes - for the coolant inlet (in the terminology of heating systems - “return”) and for the outlet of the heated liquid (supply pipe). More often they are located as shown in the figure - the “return” pipe is on the side of the cylinder, and the outlet is on top. Although, occasionally there are models in which both threaded pipes for insertion into the system are located on the side.
Electrodes are located inside the housing.
If the boiler is designed to operate from a single-phase 220 V network, then this is one electrode, which will be located in the center of the cylinder. The role of the second in this case will be played by the inner surface of the “glass” in the body.
Three-phase boilers are more powerful. Here the electrode block will consist of three rod elements isolated from each other, also located in the common “glass” of the boiler body.
It is clear that the electrode block has a reliable sealing system that prevents the electrolyte (coolant) from leaking out. Reliable electrical insulation is provided for the contact part and the outer surface of the boiler body itself - for this purpose it is covered with a layer of polyamide.
The dimensions of the boiler are usually not too large - this depends on its total power and on the specific model. This will be discussed in more detail in the section on the main manufacturers of such equipment.
Most often, there are no longer any control or adjustment devices on the body of the boiler itself. But every boiler must be equipped with an electronic or electromechanical control unit of varying degrees of complexity.
These control units allow the boiler to be turned on only to maintain the set heating mode. Thus, the system can be equipped with one temperature sensor ( on the pipesupply of heated coolant) or even two (an additional one is on the return pipe). The control unit sets the maximum heating temperature and its hysteresis (Δt°, that is, the difference in temperature values in both directions, at which a control signal is generated to turn the boiler power on or off).
In some control systems that can be more finely tuned, it is possible to set the nominal temperature value in the “return” and the hysteresis value for it. There are also more “sophisticated” control schemes that are typical for certain equipment manufacturers.
About the advantages and disadvantages of ion (electrode) boilers
Much has been written about the advantages of electrode boilers, often contradictory. Let's look at it in order:
Advantages - truth and speculation
- Electrode boilers have the highest efficiency, close to 100%. This - pure truth, but with some reservations.
By the way, you can come across publications that claim that the efficiency even exceeds this threshold - 100%. More precisely, it says that the coefficient is higher than that of conventional boilers with heating elements by 30 — 40%. There is no way to believe this.
Indeed, any electric boilers have a high efficiency, tending to 100%, no matter what heating principle is used: resistive (heating element), induction or ionic - almost all electrical energy is converted into heat and is ultimately transferred to the coolant. The only question is how quickly the boiler reaches the design heating temperature - at the start-up stage, a boiler with heating elements will, of course, require a little more time. And so - no one has canceled the law of conservation of energy, and any miracles from electrode boiler there is no need to wait.
- With equal heating power, electrode boilers are the most compact and lightest in weight among their “brothers”. It's hard to disagree - this is true. They are especially noticeable compared to induction heaters, which are always distinguished by their massiveness and overall dimensions.
- An electrode boiler does not require the installation of a chimney system - like any other boiler powered by electrical energy.
- There is absolutely no possibility of overheating and failure due to coolant leakage from the system. Indeed, an important advantage: the electrodes do not contact each other in any way, and the lack of liquid leads to a complete open circuit - the boiler, by definition, cannot operate in such conditions.
- Heating of water occurs very quickly, which, according to the laws of thermodynamics, is accompanied by a sharp increase in pressure in the system. It is possible to do without a circulation pump.
It would seem that everything is correct, but for some reason such systems are still not used without a pump. Firstly, it is completely unproductive to direct part of the energy to ensure circulation (with a pump, consumption for these purposes will be lower, and the process will be more controlled). And, secondly, we can talk about such a powerful pressure surge only when the system is starting up. In the future, when the control switches to maintaining the temperature within the established hysteresis, this process will not differ in any way from all other boilers.
- The inertia of such a boiler is the smallest and h all electrical varieties. Therefore, there is the possibility of very precise and rapid operation settings that will help save on energy costs.
A classic example of how two expressions are combined in one expression. completely unrelated statements among themselves. Indeed, inertia is low. First of all, due to the fact that the mass of the boiler itself is insignificant, and heating of the liquid begins faster. Regarding energy costs - they, at the same time, as we have already found out, efficiency depend, rather, on the level of thermal insulation of the building, that is, on the existing heat losses. But the efficiency of switching and the accuracy of settings is unlikely to have any tangible effect on both the comfort of living and efficiency. Is it possible that such a boiler will turn on and off more often, which, by the way, is not even particularly good.
As for the accuracy of the settings, this is still a very controversial issue. If we take into account the nonlinearity of the electrolysis heating process and the special requirements for the quality of the electrolyte, then perhaps controlling a conventional boiler looks like a much simpler task.
- Voltage drops do not affect the operation of the boiler - its power may only change, but operation will not stop.
Reading about such an “advantage” is even somewhat funny. By and large, voltage drops are also not afraid neither ordinary boilers nor heating elements. But complex automation, which regulates and directs the operation of any boilers, requires a certain stability of power supply. And electrode boilers are no different from others in this regard.
- Electrode boilers can be installed in the heating circuit as additional energy sources.
Indeed, it is possible, but in this case it will be necessary to bring the state of the coolant to the one that is required specifically for an electrode (ion) boiler.
A very “solid” battery of electrode boilers! It is also possible to install several boilers in parallel with the same power - in this case it will be possible to stepwise adjust the total heating power - by turning on all or a selected number of heaters.
- The operation of electrode boilers is absolutely harmless from an environmental point of view.
Question about porn. Yes, there are not and cannot be any harmful emissions into the atmosphere - but this is typical for all electric heaters. But due to the composition of the coolant, electrode boilers can even pose a certain environmental hazard. Often it contains very toxic substances (such as ethylene glycol), and the spent electrolyte, if replaced quite often, requires a special disposal procedure - simply pour it onto the ground or even into sewer system– is strictly prohibited.
- The cost of electrode boilers, compared to other electric ones, is the lowest.
This is indeed true, but one cannot help but notice one “marketing trap”. Very often the cost of such boilers is indicated without taking into account the price of automation units. Conventional boilers, with heating elements, are usually assembled in one housing with all the built-in electronics, temperature sensors, thermostat, etc., therefore the price for them is appropriate.
The cost of control equipment must also be taken into account immediately, since without it all the advantages of electrode boilers are literally reduced to zero - uncontrolled heating of the liquid will not only be uneconomical, but also extremely dangerous!
Disadvantages of ion boilers
Honestly, if you just look at the list of disadvantages of electrode boilers, then any desire to get involved with this type of heating disappears. However, let the reader judge for himself, since some of the “cons” are clearly far-fetched and do not deserve special attention.
- Sometimes the disadvantages include the fact that the electrode stake requires only alternating current - with constant current, the process of electrolysis of the coolant will begin with its chemical decomposition.
Considering this a drawback is the same as complaining that a car does not want to run on alcohol, and a home TV refuses to work on a AA battery. Each device has its own capabilities and its own energy sources, and this has nothing to do with disadvantages.
- The need to equip the heating circuit with a circulation pump.
This has already been mentioned above, but such a “disadvantage” is inherent in almost all home heating systems, with the exception of open ones with natural circulation. And even then, it is also recommended to install pumps in them - this affects the uniformity and overall efficiency of heating the home.
- Special requirements for the quality and chemical composition of the coolant.
Here, you can’t argue; indeed, the electrode boiler will not work with any liquid that gets into it. Several criteria must be combined here - the possibility of ionization (for example, distilled water will not work in principle), relatively low electrical resistance (if the value is high, the current simply will not flow through the liquid). And at the same time, we must not forget about high heat capacity, resistance to freezing, operating temperature range, environmental friendliness, etc.
Many manufacturers of electrode boilers directly give recommendations on the use of specific brands of coolants, which they often produce themselves. Moreover, there are known cases when warranty service equipment was refused due to violations of recommendations.
Many craftsmen are very critical of factory formulations and recommend using saline solutions(brines) made independently. But independently selecting the optimal composition, without special equipment for testing electrical conductivity, is an extremely difficult task. This approach is complicated by the fact that over time the electrical technical specifications coolant can change significantly, and in addition, they largely depend on the current heating temperature.
In a word, selecting the right coolant for the system in the case of electrode boilers turns into a very troublesome task. And if you also take into account that replacing the entire volume working fluid will have to be carried out before each heating season...
- Not all heating radiators can be used in conjunction with electrode boilers.
The honest truth is that for such a heating system, either or aluminum radiators are recommended. Moreover, when choosing aluminum, you should also pay attention to the quality of the material - is it a primary metal, or a processed product. The fact is that the processed metal will definitely contain a large amount of impurities - oxides, and they can seriously damage chemical composition electrolyte, sharply increasing or decreasing electrical conductivity, which imbalances the operation of the system.
Cast iron radiators are very undesirable for two reasons. Firstly, their very significant heat capacity can exceed the normal heating capabilities of an electrode boiler, and it will work almost non-stop. And secondly, old cast iron batteries, as a rule, are not distinguished by internal cleanliness, they lend themselves to really high-quality cleaning due to the porosity of the surface, and can quickly render the coolant unusable for operation. And no one has canceled the corrosion of ferrous metals, and any electrolyte is always characterized by increased corrosion properties.
As an exception, modern cast iron radiators made in Europe may be suitable. They have a smaller volume and a higher quality of metal.
- Electrode boilers have particularly increased requirements for grounding.
By and large, any powerful electrical installations must have reliable grounding of the frame. But if in most cases it is - means protection against accidental phase breakdown on the housing, then in the example with ion boilers everything is more serious. Their metal body is directly involved in the work process, and therefore, indeed, grounding becomes of utmost importance for ensuring safety. Moreover, the standard RCD unit is not applicable in the case under consideration, since there will be a voltage leak one way or another, and the power with such protection will be constantly forcibly turned off.
You can find out how to do it correctly by following the link to the corresponding article on our portal.
- There are strict restrictions on the maximum heating temperature - up to 75 degrees.
It's more likely no no wealth, but the peculiarity of the operation of such a heating circuit. The fact is that the electrical conductivity of the liquid changes nonlinearly, and at temperatures above 75 ° WITH there may be unnecessary waste of energy without increasing power. However, this temperature should almost always be enough for quality heating. And the upper heating limit, by the way, exists for any boilers (including gas and solid fuel) and this must be monitored by automation.
- The electrodes become overgrown quite quickly, due to the specific nature of the work, and require regular replacement. Probably too no no prosperity, and operating costs - any equipment eventually requires replacement of consumable parts.
- It is impossible (in any case, extremely undesirable) to use such a boiler in an open-type heating system.
This is true - the electrolyte itself is a rather aggressive environment for the elements of the heating system. If air oxygen still has free access to the coolant, its ability to cause corrosion will increase many times over, but the necessary chemical composition to ensure the required electrical conductivity may change for the worse.
- It is inadmissible to use heated water for domestic and technical needs (with a single-circuit heating system). This drawback can be eliminated by installing a boiler indirect heating, of course, having correctly calculated the overall capabilities of the system.
- Very big difficulties when starting the heating system.
We are not talking about the installation of the boiler itself, its installation and piping - here experienced craftsmen should not have any special problems. The main problems, as already mentioned, correct selection chemical composition of the coolant and fine adjustment of the system. It is not recommended to carry out such activities on your own; you will need to invite experienced specialists.
The same can be said about regular preventive measures in preparation for heating season, since it is almost impossible to correctly assess the condition of the coolant and the overall performance of the system without accumulated experience and without special equipment. This means that you will have to put up with the annual call of the relevant specialists.
Find out how to do it and also check out detailed instructions, in an article on our portal.
Electrode (ion) heating boilers on the Russian market
Thanks to their advantages, and despite their rather numerous disadvantages, ionic heating colas remain very popular in the Russian open spaces. Several domestic companies are engaged in their production, and products are also supplied from foreign countries. To help the reader with the choice of equipment, a brief overview of the most popular brands will be given
Electrode boilers "Galan"
The products of the Moscow company Galan are, without a doubt, a pioneer in the domestic market for equipment of this type, and it is possible that throughout the world too. Release them mastered back in the early 90s based on our own patented development. There are no exact statistics, but, most likely, “Galan” still holds the “palm of championship” in this area, in any case, in terms of mentions on the Internet and in terms of positive reviews, these boilers are definitely in the lead.
Model range of electrode boilers "Galan" Today the company produces three main models, each of which has several gradations in terms of heating power level.
The smallest ones are “Galan-Ochag”. Weighing only 500 g, these “babies” are capable of efficiently heating quite large volumes - up to 200 m³, delivering power up to 5 kW. The cost of such boilers is from 3300 to 4000 rubles. More modern model– “Galan-Ochag-Turbo” can be slightly more expensive – up to 6,000 rubles.
In private residential construction, the most popular are single-phase and three-phase electrode boilers "Galan-Geyser". They have two heating power thresholds - 9 and 15 kW, and this should be enough for a completely respectable country cottage with a total volume of sealed rooms of up to 450 m³. The average cost of such boilers is 6 to 7 thousand, and “Geyser-Turbo” is about 8 thousand rubles.
The most powerful are the electrode colas in the Galan-Vulcan line. They are all designed to operate in a three-phase network, have a power of 25 and 50 kW, and are intended for heating fairly large structures. The price for them is over 10 thousand rubles.
| Basic parameters of electric heating boilers | VULCANO 50 | VULCANO 25 | GEYSER 15 | GEYSER 9 | HEATH 6 | HEATH 5 | HEATH 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumption voltage, V | 380 | 380 | 380 | 220/380 | 220 | 220 | 220 |
| Heated room, m³ | up to 1600 | up to 850 | up to 550 | up to 340 | up to 250 up to 200 | up to 120 | |
| Coolant volume, liter | 300-500 | 150- 300 | 100- 200 | 50-100 | 35-70 | 30-60 | 25-50 |
| Current consumption, max, A | 2×37.9 | 37.5 | 22.7 | 13,7/40 | 27.3 | 22.7 | 13.7 |
| Peak power consumption in kW, at water temperature 90ºС | 50 | 25 | 15 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 3 |
| Power consumption in kW, average for the heating season, (6 months – 4320 hours) from October 15 to April 15. | up to 36000 kW | up to 18000 kW | up to 12000 kW | up to 8000 kW | up to 6000 kW | up to 5000 kW | up to 3000 kW |
| Recommended outlet temperature, °C | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
| Coupling diameter for connecting the boiler to the heating system | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| weight. kg | 11.5 | 42130 | 42130 | 42130 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| diameter, mm | 130 | 130 | 130 | 130 | 35 | 35 | 35 |
| length, mm | 570 | 460 | 410 | 360 | 335 | 320 | 275 |
If the basic models of Galan boilers themselves remain practically unchanged, then the control automation is constantly being improved. Thus, it is recommended to purchase control units for modern household-grade boilers " Galan - Navigator» in various designs (price - from 6 thousand).
There may be other proposals - for example, equipping the Galan boiler with an ABB or Hager circuit breaker, a modular digital coolant thermostat "BeeRT", which will simultaneously regulate both the performance of the circulation pump and room thermostat"by air" "COMPUTHERM Q7" . Such a system is fully agreed with the boiler manufacturer, but its cost, of course, will be somewhat higher.
Video: variety of Galan boilers
Prices for model range heating boilers Galan
Heating boilers Galan
Beryl"
Another popular Russian product is the Beryl family of electrode heating boilers.
They are produced in two sizes, depending on the power supply used - 220 or 380 volts, and on the installation power, respectively - up to 9 and up to 33 kW.
Single-phase electrode boilers "Beryl" 
Dimensions of the three-phase modification "Beryl" A characteristic feature of all Beryl boilers is the top location of the power connection unit - this somewhat simplifies both installation and maintenance. Even to replace the electrode block, in most cases it will not be necessary to dismantle the entire boiler from its piping.
| Name of boilers, control systems: | Price, rub. |
|---|---|
| BERIL ion boilers and automation (manual power change, step 200 (600) W) | |
| Boilers 220V; 5, 7, 9 kW | 4450 |
| 8450 | |
| Control unit "Euro" for 220V and 380V boilers | 14000 |
| BERIL ion boilers and automation (automatic / manual power change, step 600 W) | |
| 380V boilers with triac unit 6, 9, 12, 15, 25, 33 kW | 20000 |
| CSU control unit (with PID mode function) | 15000 |
| BERIL ion boilers and automation (automatic / manual power change, step 2000 W) | |
| Boiler 380V with built-in triac unit, 100 kW | 75000 |
| Boiler 380V with built-in triac unit, 130 kW | 100000 |
| CSU control unit (with PID mode function) for 100 and 130 kW boilers | 25000 |
| Electrode boilers BERIL and automation | |
| Boilers 220V; 5, 7, 9 kW | 4450 |
| Boilers 380V; 6, 9, 12, 15, 25, 33 kW | 8450 |
| Control unit ETsRT GEKK for boilers 220 and 380 V | 8500 |
| BERIL thermal modules of unlimited power with one control unit | |
| Boilers 380V 33 kW with triac unit - 1 pc. | 20000 |
| Control unit GEKK 63/3M TsSU for module operation in PID mode | 20000 |
| Control unit GEKK 60/3 TsSU for operation of the module in group control mode | 25000 |
| Coolant BERIL V.I.P. propylene glycol based | |
| temperature -35C (-45C crystallization temperature) polye canister 20 liters | 2200 |
By the way, it is precisely some models of Beryl boilers that are positioned as ionic ones - because, according to the manufacturer, they implement the ability to control general level electric charges. Such products can be equipped with control units of varying complexity:
Control unit for boilers "Beryl" CSU "Euro" TsSU "Euro" control units allow you to manually adjust the heating power of the coolant in steps of 200 W.
1 – connection block (power contactor);
2 – step regulator boiler power;
3 – automatic overload protection;
4 – thermostat control unit, according to the coolant heating level.
Beryl ion boiler with triac unit More expensive models, with automatic control and regulation of power at each specific moment in time, are equipped with a special triac unit (pictured) and a PID system - electronic temperature control. It is believed that the PID controller, which consists of an amplifier, an integrator and a differentiator, most quickly and accurately estimates the heating level taking into account the immediate future and generates control signals that allow saving up to 20% of energy.
Line of boilers EOU (Energy Saving Heating Installation)
This is also a product Russian production. Simple in design, relatively inexpensive, but quite easy to use, the boilers cover a power range from 2 to 120 kW. They can be produced for single- and three-phase current networks, differing in size.
Dimensions of electrode boilers "EOU" Such boilers are popular not only in our country, but also in neighboring countries, and last year the products received certification from the Customs Union.
The table shows technical data and intermediate level prices for boilers operating on a 220 volt network, as the most popular in domestic conditions:
| Technical data | Unit measurements | Single-phase modifications | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/4 | 1/5 | 1/6 | 1/7 | 1/8 | 1/9 | 1/10 | 1/12 | ||
| Operating voltage | Volt | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 |
| Power consumption | kW | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 12 |
| Heated room volume | m³ | 120 | 180 | 240 | 300 | 360 | 420 | 480 | 540 | 600 | 750 |
| Heated area | m² | 40 | 60 | 80 | 100 | 120 | 140 | 160 | 180 | 200 | 250 |
| Electricity consumption per day | kW | 2-16 | 3-24 | 4-32 | 5-40 | 6-48 | 7-56 | 8-64 | 9-72 | 10-80 | 12-96 |
| Raising water in a water system (without pump) | m | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 |
| Weight, no more | kg | 3 | |||||||||
| Price of the device, without control panel | rub. | 4200 | 4300 | 4400 | 4500 | 4600 | 4700 | 4800 | 4900 | 5000 | 5100 |
| Price of a set of components for the control panel | rub. | 1410 | 1990 | 1990 | 1850 | 1850 | 1850 | 2540 | 2540 | 2540 | 2540 |
Despite the unpretentious design of EOU boilers, the manufacturer gives them a factory warranty of at least 10 years, and the total service life is estimated at 30 years.
Video: examples of using EOU electrode boilers
Imported electrode boilers
In addition to Russian-made boilers, models produced in some neighboring countries are in demand.
Ukrainian-designed and produced Forsazh boilers are interesting because they are equipped with a special casing - a casing, which increases the safety of operation of the installation and still makes its appearance more attractive.
Boiler "Fast and Furious" in the box The Forsazh line of boilers is represented by five models operating from 220 V, with a power from 3 to 25 kW. All of them are equipped with a control unit of our own design - an electronic digital temperature controller (EDRT).
Set - “Forsazh” boiler with electronic digital temperature controller The basic characteristics of Forsazh electrode boilers are given in the table:
| Parameter name | Execution options | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FAST AND THE FURIOUS 3 | Fast and Furious 5 | FAST AND THE FURIOUS 9 | FAST AND THE FURIOUS 15 | FAST & FURIOUS 25 | |
| Rated voltage, V | 220 | ||||
| Permissible deviations from the rated voltage, % | ±10 | ||||
| Rated frequency, Hz | 50 | ||||
| Rated current in one phase at a coolant temperature of 63°C, A | 13.6 | 22.7 | 13.6 | 22.7 | 37.9 |
| Rated power consumption, kW | 3 | 5 | 9 | 15 | 25 |
| Electronic digital temperature controller (EDCRT) | ECRT-3 | ECRT-5 | ECRT-9 | ECRT-15 | ECRT-25 |
| Coolant | Special coolant "Forsazh-M" | ||||
| Coolant volume in the heating system, l | 20 - 40 | 30 - 60 | 60 - 120 | 100 - 200 | 160 - 300 |
| Coolant operating pressure (cold) | 0,1 - 0,15 | ||||
| in the heating system, MPa (bar) | (1 - 1,5) | ||||
| Maximum permissible pressure, MPa (bar) | 0,3 (3) | ||||
| Maximum volume of heated premises, m 3 | 100 | 170 | 300 | 450 | 750 |
| Overall dimensions, mm | 265x135x88 | 470x190x136 | |||
| Nozzle diameter | 1,25" | ||||
| Weight, kg | 1.85 | 1.95 | 6.05 | 6.4 | 6.85 |
| Execution according to the degree of protection against moisture | IPX3 | ||||
And finally, we can mention a device developed and assembled in Latvia – the STAFOR boiler. It is interesting for several innovative solutions, including the use of a “Faraday cage” - separation of the protective and working zero.
Of all the boilers it has highest scores safety, and the only one of its kind - has been fully certified according to the very strict requirements of the European Union. This boiler is fully equipped with its own electronics. In addition, with it you can purchase not only a branded coolant, but even a special additive, STATERM POWER, which allows you to timely adjust the chemical composition of the electrolyte to adjust the boiler power.
So, the principle of operation, advantages and disadvantages of such heating boilers are clear to the reader. He is familiar with the variety of models and approximate price levels. All that remains is to make your own choice - “for” or “against”.
Today there are three types of electric heating boilers on the market: induction, based on heating elements and electrode. Electrode boilers are also called ion or ion exchange boilers, but these are the same devices.
Operating principle
This equipment differs from other electric boilers in the presence of open electrodes, to which current is supplied from the network (alternating with a frequency of 50 Hz). The electrodes are placed in water of a certain chemical composition. When a potential difference occurs in the electrolyte, which is water, the ions begin to move. Due to the constant change of potentials on the electrodes, the movement of charged particles is chaotic. When the ions move, a large amount of heat is released, which heats the coolant (water in this case).
Advantages and disadvantages
Is it convenient to use this type of boiler for heating? In principle, yes. It is especially good in places where the network voltage is unstable: even when the voltage drops to 180 V, the electrode boiler continues to operate. Its power drops, but it continues to work. What else is convenient about such a system: if you have competent automation and the correct connection of the boiler, the system is autonomous and can maintain the set temperature independently. More positive point: if for any reason water disappears from the system, the equipment will simply stop working. It won’t burn, won’t deteriorate, but simply won’t work, since water, in this case, is the working medium. Without it, there is no current.
Now about the disadvantages. From the principle of operation of the electrode boiler, their main drawback emerges: they are demanding on the composition of the water. Not just any water is suitable, but with certain characteristics. When starting the system, it is necessary to prepare the coolant according to the recommendations of the boiler manufacturer. Usually this is a few teaspoons of salt or soda per liter of water in the system. That's all. You can also use special liquids that are produced by the same manufacturers. But this is for those who don’t want to bother at all.
On the other hand, by changing the composition of the water, you can “adjust” the boiler’s power to your needs: in principle, you can make it work with both more and less power relative to what is stated in the passport. It is only necessary to change the chemical composition of the coolant-electrolyte. Here it is important not to overdo it, otherwise you can “modify” the composition until the boiler completely and instantly fails. Therefore, stay within the limits specified by the manufacturer (as usual, “from” and “to” are indicated).
Another unpleasant moment. Even very much so. The current spreads in the water, and the water circulates in the system. And, in principle, it is possible that if you touch the radiator you will receive a considerable electric shock. This implies another indispensable condition safe work when using electrode boilers for water heating: high-quality and reliable separate grounding is required. It will just help avoid such a situation.
Not the most pleasant moment is the need to periodically clean the system and replace the electrodes - they gradually become thinner and the heating efficiency decreases. In this regard, electrode boilers do not have any advantages over traditional ones. electric boilers with heating elements.
How economical are electrode boilers?
There is constant debate about the energy consumption of electrode boilers. Sellers and manufacturers claim that these boilers are more economical than heating elements. They even name a figure – 30%. Their opponents say that if the boiler is 6 kW, then it will consume 6 kW. No more, no less.
That's true. But owners of operating systems claim that they pay less for heating (some previously had heating elements, and some compare their bills with the bills of friends). Note that negative messages are written only by theorists who advocate the use of good old, well-known heating elements. There is not a single negative review from the owners (5 forums viewed).
There is one conditionally negative one: after 2.5 years of “excellent” operation, the efficiency of the system dropped significantly, and it was only possible to increase it partially, but not sufficiently, through careful preparation of the coolant. At first glance, a significant reduction in the power of the heating unit is possible for two reasons: the electrodes are worn out and need to be changed, or something is wrong with the automation. In any case, you need to contact a specialist service center.
How can an electrode boiler for water heating at home benefit? Due to the low inertia of the system: there are no intermediate carriers, and all the energy is immediately transferred to the coolant. This is important not only during system startup, but also to maintain the set temperature. As soon as the air temperature in the room (for greater comfort you need to monitor this indicator, not the temperature of the coolant) becomes lower, the system turns on. Heating begins instantly, without delays for heating the same heating element.
The situation is the same with the shutdown: the power supply is turned off, the heating stops. And again, there is no inertia, and the temperature remains stable, and there is no excessive waste of electricity. That's true. But in order for everything to be as described, high-quality automation is necessary, and this, as we know, is not cheap.
Practitioners say that electrode and induction boilers are more suitable for the device than boilers using heating elements. They have more advanced automation and the temperature is maintained more accurately. But modern multi-stage boilers on heating elements can also regulate their power, although this transition is abrupt - turning on/off one or more heating elements gives a power surge. So, if you have to choose, preference for organizing water heated floors can be given to electrode ones. They are also good in this area, but they are much more expensive.
The advantages of using electrode boilers for water heating include their small size, low cost (even in relation to boilers using heating elements) and noiselessness during use (unlike induction boilers, which are sometimes very noisy). But here you need to take into account that in addition to the need for a separate power line, you will also need to build a separate grounding loop, and this is also a cost.
In general, it is impossible to say unequivocally whether electrode boilers are good or bad. There are some positive aspects, but there are also a fair number of negative ones. Actually, you need to decide in each specific case: as always, when there are several options, the problem of choice arises. But everyone makes their own choice. We are trying to present the situation as fully as possible, but it’s still up to you to decide.
Galan electrode boilers: table of characteristics and reviews
Therefore, it is quite difficult to suspect them of bias, and they persistently promote electrode boilers. They produce flow-type equipment. This is good because the installation of such a unit does not require approval from the boiler inspection department. Another positive point: electrode boilers from this manufacturer can be used in conjunction with another hot water boiler.
Now about the characteristics and prices. The data was taken from the official website, prices there are displayed in rubles, but due to the instability of the situation, we converted them to dollars at the current rate. Therefore, some errors are possible.
| Power consumption/voltage | Volume of premises m 3 / m 2 | Coolant volume | Price | Dimensions | |||
| Length | Diameter | Weight | |||||
| Galan Hearth 3 | 2 and 3 kW/220 V | 80-120 m 3 /25-40 m 2 | 20-50 l | 67 $ | 275 mm | 35 mm | 0.9 kg |
| Galan Hearth5 | 5 kW/220 V | 200 m 3 /65 m 2 | 30-60 l | 69 $ | 320 mm | 35 mm | 1.05 kg |
| Galan Hearth 6 | 5 and 6 kW/220 V | 250 m 3 /150 m 2 | 35-70 l | 71 $ | 335 mm | 35 mm | 1.1 kg |
| Galan Geyser 9 | 9k W/220 or 380 V | 340 m 3 /110 m 2 | 50-100 l | 130 $ | 360 mm | 130 mm | 5 kg |
| Galan Geyser 15 | 15 kW/380 V | 550 m 3 /180 m 2 | 100-200 l | 136 $ | 410 mm | 130 mm | 5.3 kg |
| Galan Vulcan 25 | 25 kW/380 V | 850 m 3 /285 m 2 | 150-300 l | 142 $ | 450 mm | 130 mm | 5.7 kg |
Important! The table shows the price only for the boiler itself. You also need automation, which, depending on the functionality and capabilities, costs from $50 to $150; you will need sensors (each about $15) as well as a circulation pump.
Of the entire range, mini-electrode heating boilers “Galan Ochag 3” are probably more suitable for heating a dacha. They will also be good for studio apartment. Available in 2 kW and 3 kW capacities. Boilers with a lower power of 1 kW have not yet been found anywhere. Reviews about all Galan electrode boilers are positive. But almost all of them indicate: you need to follow the rules for installing and preparing the system: check the water and bring its composition to the required levels, or fill in a specialized solution produced by the same company. Important role properly selected automation plays. There is an announcement on the manufacturer’s website: “We are not responsible for the operation of boilers with non-recommended automation.”
Galan produces both electrode and heating element boilers
The most reviews come from owners of Galan Geyser 9 boilers. There are no dissatisfied people. Here are some facts that relate to the issue of electricity consumption by these boilers:
- House 135 m2 in Kharkov region. Galan Geyser 15 is heated. During the heating season 2012-2013, the meter showed 2750 kW.
- Room 120m2 in Dnepropetrovsk region. Galan Ochag 5 installed. The owner says that he “missed the mark” a little - he needs Hearth 6.
- House 150 m2 in Energodar (which is not specified). The cost of “Galan Geyser 15” for the 2013-2014 season in frosts down to -25°C per month on the meter is up to 1300 kW.
The reviews do not indicate the materials from which the house is built, how it is insulated and many other nuances, but certain conclusions can be drawn. Almost every review indicates that you need to monitor what kind of fluid is poured into the system. In one of the messages, a person repairing heating systems responded to a call: the electrode boiler had stopped heating completely. All due to the fact that the system was filled with ordinary, unprepared tap water. After working for a couple of weeks, the boiler stopped heating. After flushing the system and cleaning the electrodes, the coolant temperature still did not rise above 35 o C. The owner bought new electrodes and fluid for these systems, and after installation and repeated flushing, everything works.
In general, it turns out like this: electrode boilers are simple in design, but demanding to operate. Coolant parameters and high-quality automation are important.
When considering various options When heating a private home, the largest number of owners prefer gas boilers as the most economical systems. But what should those owners do if their houses are located in secluded places, for example, deep in the forest, where there is no central gas pipeline? This issue can be resolved by purchasing an electrode boiler for heating a private house.
Boiler characteristics
Energy saving electrode heating boilerElectrode boilers belong to heating devices direct heating, where heat is sent directly to the energy carrier. This allows you to immediately increase the power of the unit, since there is no barrier during the heat transfer process.
Heating occurs due to electrodes immersed in a container with coolant. The current is conducted through water with a frequency of 50 Hertz, which eliminates the phenomenon of electrolysis, which means that the inner surface of the boiler will be free from scale formation. The process of heating the coolant is carried out due to the resistance that arises, and this happens instantly. As a result, the tank can be small in size since there is no need to wait for the element to heat the water.
Such design features of the electrode boiler significantly reduce energy consumption in the heating system.
Pay attention! On average, similar equipment for heating the same area of the house will consume 40% less electricity than others electrical devices. According to consumers, this is the most important advantage of the equipment.
The device is quite sensitive to the composition of water, so the usual tap water cannot be used to operate an electrode boiler. It is necessary to carry out special water treatment first. It is ideal when antifreeze recommended by the manufacturers is used.
It is worth noting another feature of electrode boilers - after some time the electrodes dissolve. This process is natural, and its acceleration or deceleration depends solely on the intensity of use of the heating system.
About the benefits
Before talking about the advantages of an electrode boiler as a heating system at home, it should be noted that this option is only possible if there is reliable electrical wiring and a stable network condition. When frequent power outages and sudden voltage drops occur, it makes no sense to install such equipment, since the unit will not be able to function normally.
But even here you can find a way out if you purchase a diesel generator or UPS in a timely manner - source uninterruptible power supply. It accumulates a certain amount of electricity, and it can be enough for several hours of operation of the electrode boiler in the event of an accident. Some UPS models can regulate voltage using a built-in stabilizer.
In addition, in small suburban villages there is a certain quota for electricity consumption by a private home. Otherwise, special permission will be required, provided that this issue is resolved from the technical side.
If the described problems do not concern the owner, he will be able to appreciate all the advantages of an electrode boiler:
- High level of security. The equipment is designed in such a way that there is no possibility of electric current leakage, which means sparking and other similar phenomena. During operation, the occurrence of a dangerous fire situation is practically impossible, which allows the unit to be used to maintain a minimum temperature without outside supervision.
- Compact dimensions and the ability to be integrated into a heating network running on gas. As a result, the electrode boiler comes into operation when the gas supply stops.
- Fast heating of the heating system, silent operation of the unit and the ability to replace heating elements without changing the entire device.
- Installation in residential premises is possible without installing a boiler room or chimney. In addition, installation of the unit is very simple and can be done by hand.
- High efficiency - up to 96% during operation, and when heating, about 40% of electricity is saved. There is absolutely no contamination - soot, fumes, ash or smoke.
Disadvantages of electrode boilers
Electric heating private house The disadvantages of such a device include the too high cost of electricity. But if the house is used from time to time and is located far from the populated center, then an electrode boiler will be a good solution for heating the house.
In addition, electrode devices do not fit well with some types of pipes and batteries. For example, when using cast iron radiators in a heating system, problems arise due to their uneven inner surface and a large volume of coolant. As a rule, one section of a cast iron battery holds up to 2.5 liters of water.
Problems can also arise due to the use of metal-plastic pipes. In this case, when choosing an electrode boiler, it is better to use polypropylene products.
Another nuance that can be attributed to a disadvantage is the need to maintain a constant coolant resistance. It can be adjusted by adding special additives that prevent scale formation. In this case, soda, as some craftsmen advise, on the contrary, will contribute to this process.
Installation and operation
When installing an electrode boiler, a prerequisite is the presence of air vents that operate automatically, as well as a safety valve and a pressure gauge. In addition, shut-off valves must be placed near the expansion tank.
A prerequisite for installing the boiler is its vertical position. This is very convenient to do thanks to the special surface mounting included in the kit.
It is also very important that the first 1200 mm of the heating system pipes must be metal, and the rest may contain pipes made of other materials.
Electrical double-circuit boilers heating - installation It is better to entrust the installation and installation of elements such as a climate control sensor or thermostat systems to specialists from the service center.
Before installing an electrode boiler, the heating system must be washed with water with the addition of special means described in the device passport. If the system is poorly cleaned and the coolant is of poor quality, the efficiency of the boiler will be significantly reduced. According to the manufacturers' recommendations, the best option The coolant is distilled water.
The choice of radiator for such a heating system largely depends on the total volume - that is, the displacement of all pipes and radiators. The optimal displacement should be about 8 liters per 1 kW of unit power. If this figure is exceeded, the boiler will operate longer, which means energy consumption will increase.
Radiators must be aluminum or bimetallic. The use of cast iron products in this case is unacceptable, since they are characterized by a large amount of impurities in the coolant and reduce the operation of the boiler. In addition, cast iron radiators have a large volume, which increases energy consumption.
Conclusion
Electrode heating equipment is a reliable, energy-saving and comfort-creating device that has a whole series advantages and advantages. They will undoubtedly be appreciated by all users and their households. After all, the most important thing is warmth hearth and home, and thanks to modern equipment, providing it has become much easier.
Electrode heating structures are included in the autonomous systems heating. Such devices are characterized by the presence of a specific type of heater consisting of several electrodes. An electrode boiler for heating a private house is used in conjunction with innovative types of automatic control. This allows you to increase the efficiency of the heating system and make it more economical.
Operating principle
In order for the thermal fluid used to heat up, it is necessary to split the water molecules. The result this process is the formation of constantly moving positive and negative ions. In this case, a large amount of energy is released. The heating device heats the liquid without using heating elements.
As the temperature of the coolant increases, its electrical resistance decreases. Electrical arcing may occur. To prevent this situation, table salt is added to the liquid. The required proportions can be found in the technical data sheet for the heating device. The power of the electrode unit increases when the coolant is heated. The result of a decrease in electrical resistance is an increase in current strength.
Design features
The thermal fluid used is heated during the movement of multidirectionally charged ions between the electrode contacts. The design of such a heater is quite simple. It includes: metal rod and hollow steel pipe.
The device is hermetically sealed on both sides. Special pipes are welded to its sides. With their help, the heater is connected to the heating system.
The phase wire is attached to the inner rod, and the neutral wire is attached to the surface of the housing. A three-phase network is used to power powerful heat generators.
Under the influence of alternating current, the ions contained in the thermal fluid constantly change the direction of their movement. Electrolysis is not carried out fully. During the heating process, there is no transfer of substance between the two electrodes.
The heating device has the following characteristic features:
- small overall size;
- simple design;
- ease of installation;
- high level efficiency;
- long service life;
- reliability of operation - there are no contacting parts;
- low cost.
Advantages
Electrode heating boilers make it possible to regulate the indoor microclimate and save electrical energy. If we compare their efficiency with the efficiency of induction devices and heaters, which include heating elements, we should note the advantages of the electrode design:
- the water entering the boiler is heated very quickly;
- efficiency level approaches 100%;
- long service life. The design features of the device cause rapidly changing polarity. Ions constantly change the direction of their movement. Therefore, despite the presence of constant contact of the surface of the electrodes with the liquid, scale does not form on them;
- the electric electrode boiler has small dimensions;
- it is easy to install in any room;
- there is automatic control of the operation of the heating device;
- The heater has a high level of fire safety. If the system depressurizes, the risk of electric shock is eliminated. The device will simply stop working;
- there is no extraneous noise during operation of the heating system;
- electrode electric boilers for heating a private home do not have a harmful effect on the environment;
- chimneys are not used during their operation;
- devices are not afraid of voltage surges
Flaws
Despite the high quality performance of electrode heating systems, certain disadvantages should be taken into account:
- for high-quality functioning of the heater, pre-prepared water is required, which has a given resistivity;
- Distilled water, antifreeze or oil cannot be used as a heat carrier;
- An electrode electric boiler for heating can operate effectively only with continuous circulation of liquid. If the movement speed decreases, the likelihood of the system boiling increases. If it increases, difficulties may arise with starting the heating unit;
- Over time, the substance that makes up the electrodes dissolves in water. They have to be replaced periodically;
- the heating system must have a grounding circuit;
- when the temperature of the coolant increases above 75 degrees, the consumption of electrical energy increases sharply;
- in single-circuit devices, the liquid cannot be used for domestic needs.
Carrying out installation work
When installing electrode heating systems, air vents must be used. They work automatically. They include a safety valve and a pressure gauge. Design shut-off valves should be located next to the expansion tank.
The heating device is installed in vertical plane. The installation kit usually includes a special mount. The electrode structure must be connected to metal pipes. The remaining sections of the heating system may consist of a different material.
It is best to entrust the process of installation and installation of climate control sensors and temperature control devices to specialists. Before installation work the system is flushed with water. Special cleaning agents are added to the liquid.
When choosing a radiator, take into account the total volume of circulating coolant. 8 liters of liquid must correspond to 1 kW of heating device power. As this indicator increases, the consumption of electrical energy will increase.
The operating efficiency of boilers with an electrode design increases as the volume of liquid used in the system decreases. It is better to wire the heating device using bimetallic or aluminum radiators and pipes made of polyethylene material.
All heating circuits are pre-insulated. A separate cable is used to connect the heater. It, in turn, is connected to the distribution panel and a separate circuit breaker.
A grounding circuit must be installed. To increase the power of the heating system, in some cases several heating devices are used at once. When installing them, a serial or parallel connection is used.
Electrode-type heating devices can only be used in closed systems with a built-in circulation pump. They represent reliable equipment, which has a number of undeniable advantages. The systems are successfully used for heating individual buildings.
There are many ways to heat your home using electrical energy. However, usually an option that comes to mind is a boiler running on a water heating element. The working principle here is that nichrome thread It has a high resistance inside, it heats up and transfers heat to the pipe filler, then to the metal shell and water. But why not make this process even easier? After all, without an intermediary, using primitive electrodes from two razor blades, you can attach wires to them and connect electrical power. This is exactly how electrode heating boilers arose.
How did electrode boilers appear?
Devices such as electrode heating boilers were created in the middle of the last century by enterprises of the defense complex for the submarine fleet Soviet Union. In particular, this was in order to heat the compartments of submarines that had diesel engines. At that time, such a device fully complied with all the conditions of the submarine fleet order. After all, the devices were quite small in size when compared with conventional boilers. They did not require a hood; such devices did not make noise during operation. With all their advantages, they effectively heated the coolant, and it is worth noting that sea water was used for this. Further, by the 90s, orders for the defense complex decreased in volume, and so the navy’s need for such boilers ceased.
The very first so-called civilian version of the electrode heating boiler was created by engineers A.P. Ilyin and D.N. Kunkov. The engineers received a patent for their invention in 1995.
Thus, we see that electrode boilers modern look- these are devices that have been brought to perfection relatively recently. In modern times, such devices are popular in everyday life, as reviews about them show.
What is the working principle
Ion heating boilers operate based on the direct interaction of the coolant, which occupies the space between the anode and cathode, and electric current. After electric current passes through the coolant, positive and negative ions begin to move chaotically. The positive ones move towards the negatively charged electrode, and the negative ones towards the positively charged electrode. Due to the fact that the ions constantly move in this environment and encounter resistance, the coolant heats up quickly. This is facilitated by the fact that the electrodes constantly change roles - every second their polarity changes 50 times: so, each electrode will be an anode 25 times and a cathode 25 times within 1 second. They are connected to alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz.
Let us note the fact that it is precisely due to such frequent changes of charge at the electrodes that water does not decompose into oxygen and hydrogen - electrolysis requires a direct current. As the temperature in the boiler rises, the pressure rises. It is this that causes a process such as the circulation of a coolant through the heating circuit. Thus, the electrodes in the boiler tank do not directly participate in heating the water and do not heat up themselves.
Let us also note that an important condition for the boiler to operate correctly, the ohmic resistance of the water is at a level that does not exceed 3000 Ohms at a temperature of 15 degrees.
To do this, the coolant must contain a certain amount of salts, because we should not forget that initially such boilers used sea water. So, if you pour distilled water into it, you will not be able to heat it, since there will simply be no electrical circuit between the electrodes.
Characteristics of electrode heating boilers
Electric electrode heating boilers have some positive properties:
- First of all, it is high efficiency, tending to 100%.
- Quite small in size with high power when compared with other types of boilers.
- An element such as a chimney is not required.
- The boiler can itself increase the pressure in the heating system.
- There is no danger of an accident when there is not enough coolant in the boiler. It will simply stop working, since there will be no electrical circuit between the electrodes.
- Thanks to low inertia, it is possible to effectively control temperature conditions while the boiler is operating automatically. As a result, boiler operation becomes less expensive, since the temperature in the rooms will always be at the level set to the controller.
- Changes in voltage are not dangerous for the ion boiler - its power will simply change.
- It is also profitable and practical - ion heating boilers, their technical characteristics allow them to be installed as additional source thermal energy, and it is also possible to install several such boilers at the same time.
- Such boilers are environmentally friendly.
But it is worth highlighting several disadvantages of electrode boilers:
- An electrode heating boiler consumes only alternating current, and with constant current there will be electrolysis of water.
- It is necessary to comply with high requirements for the electrolytic characteristics of the coolant. If they change, the quality of the boiler’s operation, that is, heat production, will be reduced.
- Such a boiler requires mandatory grounding, in fact, like any boiler with a heating element.
- The heating temperature of the coolant should not be more than 75 degrees, as the energy consumption of the boiler will increase significantly.
- Scale may appear on the electrodes, as a result of which the boiler output may become lower.
- Must be equipped heating system circulation pump.
- Due to alternating current, the electrodes wear out, so they will have to be replaced.
- If the heating circuit becomes airy, the corrosion process will only accelerate.
- If your system is single-circuit, then the heated water cannot be used for domestic purposes.
- Work on the installation and adjustment of such boilers requires the involvement of specialists.
- The coolant for electrode heating boilers during operation will have different electrical conductivity, which will need to be controlled. This will require knowledge and equipment.
What you should know
When you create a heating system that will use cathode heating boilers, it is worth paying attention to several aspects:
- The electrical energy consumption of such a boiler will be much higher if you install the boiler in a previously used system. It is best to install the electrode boiler in a system that is created specifically for it.
- If you use antifreeze as a coolant, you need to pay special attention to detachable connections, since antifreeze has more high turnover than water.
- All pipes in the system should be wrapped with a thermal insulation layer - this will allow anode heating boilers to work more efficiently.
- If the radiators are located on different floors of the building, then a more effective option would be to install independent ion boilers for each group.
For lovers of non-traditional systems, we note that do-it-yourself or factory-made electrode heating boilers are not suitable for Warm Floor and Warm baseboard. The temperature in such systems should not be more than 45 degrees - therefore the boiler will not be able to give full efficiency.
