Fungicides - what they are, the mechanism of action of the drugs, rules for treating indoor and garden plants. Fungicides for flowers Systemic fungicide for indoors
List of fungicides
Abiga Peak, Sun
The drug is not phytotoxic when used in strict accordance with the developed recommendations.
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Acrobat MC
Fungicide of systemic-local and contact action (dimethomorph 90 g/kg + mancozeb 600 g/kg). Systemic-contact (local-systemic dimethomorph and contact mancozeb) fungicide used to combat late blight and Alternaria of potatoes, downy mildew of cucumbers, mildew of grapes and a number of other diseases.
Hazard class: 2 ( dangerous substance).
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Alirin – B, TAB
Biological fungicide for suppressing fungal diseases in soil and on plants (soil microflora - Bacillus subtilis VIZR-10, titer 109 CFU/g), similar in composition and effect to phytosporin. Recommended: as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent, it effectively suppresses pathogens of fungal diseases on all types of garden crops and indoor plants.
Hazard class: 4 (low hazardous substance). Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, beneficial entomofauna and the environment
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A complex preparation that has the advantages of a contact biological fungicide and stimulant (Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas aureofaciens, pine extract and a set of macro and microelements). Albit is a complex drug that has the advantages of analogue drugs (Agat-25k, pseudobacterin, phytosporin, planriz, silk, crystallon, humates).
Hazard class: 4 (low hazardous substance).
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Byleton
A systemic fungicide used to protect plants from a wide range of diseases (triadimefon, 250 g/kg). It is used, in particular, to combat powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), fusarium (Fusarium spp.), rust fungi (Puccinia spp.), rhynchosporium (Rhynchosporium secalis), septoria (Septoria pp.), pyrenophora spp.), red-brown spot (Helminthosporium avenae), net spot (Drechslera teres), cercosporellosis (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides).
Hazard class 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Bordeaux mixture
Broad-spectrum contact fungicide (copper sulfate 960 g/kg + calcium hydroxide 900 g/kg. Designed to protect fruit, vegetable, berry, melon, citrus, ornamental, flower and other crops from a range of diseases.
Hazard class: 2 (hazardous substance). The drug is low-hazard for bees. It is necessary to process plants in compliance with environmental regulations.
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Vitaros, VSK
Fungicide of contact-systemic action, for dressing planting material(98g/l thiram + 198g/l carboxine). An effective means for treating bulbs, corms and rhizomes of flower crops before planting and storing. Suppresses the development of pathogens located both on the surface of planting material and inside it.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Gamair, P, Tab.
Biological bactericide for suppressing bacterial and some fungal diseases in soil and on plants (Bacillus subtilis M-22 VIZR, titer 109 CFU/g), similar in composition and effect to phytosporin. Recommended: as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent, it effectively suppresses pathogens of bacterial diseases on all types of garden crops and indoor plants.
Hazard class - 4 (low hazardous substance). Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, beneficial entomofauna and the environment. Does not accumulate in plants and soil, which contributes to the production of environmentally friendly products
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Glyocladin, Tab
Analogue of Trichodermin.
Biological fungicide for suppressing pathogens of fungal diseases in the soil (fungal culture Trichoderma harziannum VIZR -18). Recommended as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent when applied to the soil, it effectively suppresses pathogens of fungal diseases on all types of garden crops and indoor plants.
Hazard class - 4 (low hazardous substance). Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, beneficial entomofauna and the environment.
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Ditan M-45
Contact fungicide to combat late blight and alternaria and other fungal diseases (mancozeb 800 g/kg). Ditan M-45 is an analogue of Profit. A protective contact preparation for protecting plants from late blight and a number of other diseases.
Hazard class: 2 (hazardous substance). The drug is not phytotoxic and is compatible with most other drugs. Not dangerous for bees, earthworms and soil microorganisms.
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A fungicide from the strobilurin class with mesostem activity (trifloxystrobin 500 g/kg).
It is used mainly on pome crops, for example, apples and pears, against scab, Alternaria blight, black spot, powdery mildew, moniliosis, phyllostictosis and to prevent diseases during fruit storage.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Green soap
Preventative against pests and diseases. It is also used as a component of self-prepared plant protection products. Ingredients: water, potassium salts fatty acids, natural fats and vegetable oils.
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Fungicide of contact and local systemic action (copper chloride, 89.5 g/kg, cymoxanil, 42 g/kg). An analogue of the drug Ordan. It is mainly used to protect against late blight on potatoes and downy mildew on cucumbers. The drug has preventive, therapeutic and pathogen spore-suppressing properties.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance). The drug is moderately stable in soil (class 3), practically non-toxic to soil organisms and birds. The drug is moderately dangerous for bees (class 2).
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Fungicide of contact and systemic action (cymoxanil, 45 g/kg, mancozeb, 680 g/kg). It is used to combat late blight and Alternaria and other fungal diseases: Alternaria, macrosporiosis, dry spot, septoria, rhizoctonia, black spot, pernospora, mildew.
For humans, the hazard class of the drug is 2 (hazardous substance). Low risk for bees. (3rd grade).
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Contact fungicide (fludioxonil, 25 g/l.). It is used for treating flower bulbs and other planting material (corms, seed potatoes) from rot before planting and during storage.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance). Not flammable. Not phytotoxic. Toxic to fish, do not allow to enter water bodies.
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Copper sulfate
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Systemic contact fungicide with a wide spectrum of action (copper oxychloride 670 g/kg + oxadixil 130 g/kg). Oxychome is used to combat diseases caused by fungi of the oomycete subclass. Well suited for protecting potatoes and tomatoes from late blight and macrosporiosis, and cucumbers from mildew (downy mildew).
Hazard class: 1. Dangerous substance.
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Fungicide of contact-systemic action to combat late blight and alternaria and other fungal diseases (copper chloride, 689 g/kg + cymoxanil, 42 g/kg). A two-component fungicide with local-systemic action to protect potatoes, cucumbers and tomatoes in open and protected soil, grapes and a number of other plants from a range of diseases.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Previkur, VK
A fungicide with systemic properties, having both protective and growth-stimulating properties (propamocarb hydrochloride, 607 g/l.). It has a wide spectrum of activity against pathogens of root rot and downy mildew (Pythium, Phytophthora, Aphanomyces, Bremia, Peronospora, Pseudopeonospora spp). It has a stimulating effect, increases the plant's resistance to infection, stimulates the rooting of cuttings, growth and flowering of plants.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance), has a mild irritating effect on the skin and mucous membranes of the eyes.
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Profit, JV
Fungicide to combat late blight and alternaria and other fungal diseases (mancozeb, 800g/kg). The drug is enriched with manganese and zinc.
Hazard class: for humans - 2 (hazardous substance). The drug is not phytotoxic and is compatible with most other drugs. Not dangerous for bees, earthworms and soil microorganisms.
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Profit Gold, VDG
Fungicide of contact-systemic action to combat late blight and alternaria and other fungal diseases (cymoxanil 250 g/kg + famoxadone 250 g/kg). Cymoxanil is quickly absorbed by the leaves and penetrates the plant, while famoxadone remains on the surface of the leaves for a long time. Designed for use on private farms.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Systemic fungicide with long-term preventive and protective effects (difenoconazole, 250 g/l.). Used to protect fruit crops from powdery mildew, scab, leaf curl, coccomycosis, and clasterosporiosis. Can be used to combat late blight and alternaria on potatoes and tomatoes. It is also used in the fight against powdery mildew. An analogue of the drug "Skor".
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance). The drug is not toxic to birds and bees. The drug is toxic to fish.
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Ridomil gold, VDG, SP
Fungicide of contact-systemic action to combat late blight and alternaria and other fungal diseases (mefenoxam, 40 g/kg + mancozeb, 640 g/kg). Mefenoxam provides internal protection: systemic and translaminar action - protection of treated and untreated plant parts, new growth and tubers, a high level of effectiveness against fungi from the class of oomycetes (pathogens of downy mildew), rapid decomposition in the soil. Mancozeb provides external protection and is an effective contact fungicide and a key part of the anti-resistant strategy.
Hazard class: 2 (hazardous substance). When using the drug in strict accordance with the recommendations developed by the company, there is no risk of phytotoxicity. The drug is slightly toxic to birds and bees, but toxic to fish
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Rovral, JV
Contact action fungicide against a complex of diseases (iprodione, 500 g/kg). Rovral is effective against a wide range of pathogens: Alternaria, Botrytis, Oxysporum, Fusarium, Helminthosporium, Monilia, Phoma, Pleiochaeta, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Sclerotium, Septoria, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Typhula. When spilling soil, it has a systemic effect.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous compound). Prohibited for use in the sanitary zone of fishery reservoirs. Practically not dangerous for bees - hazard class 4.
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Systemic fungicide with long-term preventive and pronounced therapeutic effects to combat scab, powdery mildew, leaf curl, late blight and alternaria and other fungal diseases (difenoconazole 250 g/l.). A drug with long-term preventive and pronounced therapeutic effects. An analogue of the drug "Rayok".
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Tattu, KS
Contact-systemic action fungicide (mancozeb, 301.6 g/l, propamocarb hydrochloride, 248 g/l). The drug, due to trace elements (manganese, zinc) included in mancozeb, stimulates photosynthesis, which accelerates growth processes and increases plant resistance. Propamocarb hydrochloride disrupts the biosynthesis of membrane structures and slows down the germination of spores and the development of mycelium.
Hazard class: 2 (dangerous compound), has a slight irritant effect on the skin and mucous membranes of the eyes.
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Teldor VG
Fungicide of local-systemic action (fenhexamide, 500 g/kg). A preparation for the control of Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), Moliniosis (Monilinia fructigena, Monilinia laxa), White rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) on fruit and berry crops and grapes. It is used from the earliest stages until harvesting. The drug also increases the safety of fruits during transportation and storage.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Systemic fungicide with growth-stimulating activity (propiconazole, 250 g/l.). The drug Tilt enters plants through leaves and stems, thanks to its systemic action. The drug not only has a long-lasting protective and healing effect, but also stops the further development of the pathogen and suppresses sporulation in it. In addition, the drug has growth-regulating activity. Attention! No more than one treatment with Tilt should be carried out per growing season.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous compound). The drug is non-toxic to birds, slightly toxic to bees, toxic to fish.
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Thiovit jet, VDG
Contact fungicide and acaricide (sulfur, 800 g/kg). Preparation for the protection of vegetable, fruit, flower crops and vineyards from powdery mildew, some other diseases and mites.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Topaz, CE
Systemic fungicide to combat powdery mildew, rust and other fungal diseases (penconazole, 100 g/l.). The best results are obtained by prophylactic use at the beginning of the growing season to suppress the primary infection of the powdery mildew pathogen, as well as to prevent the spread of the disease or at the first signs of the disease.
Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
The drug is moderately dangerous for humans and animals (hazard class 3), non-toxic for birds and beneficial insects, dangerous for fish. Not phytotoxic.
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Topsin-M SP
Systemic fungicide with preventive and therapeutic action (methyl thiophanate, 700 g/kg). The drug belongs to substances close to benzimidazoles (benomyl), penetrates into plants, is absorbed by the root system, and is transformed into carbendazim. It is most effective when used as a preventative treatment, before the pathogen develops. It has a negative effect on soil nematodes and a number of aphid species. The drug is not effective against downy mildew.
Hazard class for humans - 2 (hazardous substance). Does not irritate skin and mucous membranes. Low danger to birds and bees, hazard class 3. Toxic to fish. Toxic to lacewing eggs.
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Trichodermin
Biological fungicide for the treatment and prevention of root infections indoor flowers and ornamental plants. Soil health improver. Growing from spores in moist soil, the fungal mycelium suppresses about 60 types of soil pathogens that infect the soil and cause root rot.
Hazard class - 4. Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, beneficial entomofauna and environment. Does not have a phytotoxic effect on protected plants. Does not accumulate in plants and soil, which contributes to the production of environmentally friendly products
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Fitolavin, VRK
Systemic biological bactericide (phytobacteriomycin). Used for the prevention of root rot, vascular bacteriosis, diseases such as blackleg, fire blight, angular leaf spot, bacterial rot of tubers, vascular bacteriosis on cucumber, bacterial blossom end rot, Alternaria blight on tomatoes, moniliosis, scab, fusarium blight, anthracnose.
Hazard class: - 3 (moderately dangerous compound). Has an irritating effect.
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Fitosporin-M
Biological fungicide of contact action (Bacillus subtilis 26 D, 100 million cells/g). Fitosporin-M is a microbiological preparation intended to protect garden, garden, indoor and greenhouse plants from a complex of fungal and bacterial diseases. Available in paste and liquid form in bottles and in powder form. It is used mainly for preventive purposes (treatment of seeds, tubers and bulbs before planting, periodic spraying or watering of plants to prevent disease in the collection). Low toxicity, not dangerous for the plants and bees themselves.
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Fundazim SP
Broad-spectrum systemic fungicide (benomyl, 500 g/kg). An analogue of the drug "Fundazol". During the entire season, no more than 2 treatments by spraying and watering are allowed, since after that the pathogens develop resistance! To overcome resistance, it is necessary not to use drugs from the benzimidazole class for 1–2 seasons.
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Fundazol
Fungicide and protectant with a wide spectrum of systemic action against a large number of fungal diseases of seeds and leaves of plants. Fundazol has both protective (preventive) and medicinal properties. During the entire season, no more than 2 treatments by spraying and watering are allowed, since after that the pathogens develop resistance! To overcome resistance, it is necessary not to use drugs from the benzimidazole class for 1–2 seasons.
Hazard class: Benomyl (benorad, basezol, fundazim) has a hazard class 2 (hazardous compound) for humans and fish. The drug is low toxic to soil organisms and birds.
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Fungicide of systemic-local and contact action (copper oxychloride, 900 g/kg). A drug for combating plant diseases: scab of apple and pear trees, late blight of potatoes and tomatoes, rot of plum fruits, peach leaf curl, mildew of grapes, downy mildew of onions and cucumbers, rust and spotting of ornamental and flower crops and pathogens of fungal diseases.
The drug Hom has a hazard class 3 (moderately hazardous substance).
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Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate)
Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) is used for treating seeds, bulbs, corms, rhizomes of flowering plants in a concentration of 0.1-0.15% for two hours. Can be used for health-improving watering of seedlings, seedlings and adult plants at the root in the fight against blackleg, fusarium, and bacteriosis. Used to disinfect equipment and tools.
Soda ash (baking soda) is used to combat powdery mildew. For spraying, prepare a 0.3-0.5% solution. For better adhesion, soap is added to the soda solution.
alto, impact, vectra - have a systemic, penetrating and contact effect, acting against powdery mildew and rust fungi.
Properties and benefits:
Low consumption rates, long-lasting protective, destructive and healing effect, prolonged action.
Terms of use:
Spray when the first external signs of powdery mildew or rust appear. The maximum frequency of plant treatments is 4 times. The frequency between treatments is 12-14 days.
To get rid of fungal infections and mold or prevent its occurrence, the soil is treated with special preparations - fungicides.
1 What are fungicides?
Fungicides include chemicals, which at correct use destroy fungal diseases and do not harm the plant being processed. Using fungicides, they get rid of late blight, gray rot, peronospora, fusarium, powdery mildew and leaf spot.
In terms of their chemical composition, fungicides have a wide range of variations and include substances that can disinfect soil and plant tissue. Common options for fungicidal substances may be called:
1.1 Types of fungicides
Depending on the form of the substance, such mixtures are sold in the form of powders, emulsions, liquid solutions or emulsions. Moreover, any of the forms is easily dissolved in water, which simplifies the processing process.
Depending on the composition of the mixture, two types of fungicides are distinguished:
- inorganic;
- biological.
Inorganic are a mixture of various chemicals (up to hazard class 4 for humans). The basis for such mixtures is ground or colloidal sulfur, mercury chloride, copper chloride or.
1.2 Types of fungicides
Biological fungicides consist of heterogeneous strains of active bacteria. They feed on fungal tissues without affecting the healthy cells of the home flora.
Based on the type of action on fungal tissue, mixtures are divided into:
- preventive;
- medicinal.
Preventative (prophylactic) mixtures are applied to the soil periodically even before the first signs of infection appear. In this case, the effect of the drug is focused on suppressing the reproductive organs of the fungus. As a result, even if it gets into wet soil, the fungus loses its ability to spread in the plant’s nutrient medium. This type of fungicide is suitable for potatoes and periodic lawn treatment.
Medicinal fungicidal substances suppress the reproductive organs and body of the fungus, reaching the mycelium.
With the help of such compositions an already infected plant is treated. They help get rid of even inactive wintering particles, for example from the lawn. This solution is suitable for tomatoes and strawberries when fighting gray rot.
Regarding the type of interaction with the fungus, fungicides are divided into:
- contact;
- systemic.
Contact mixtures penetrate to a shallow depth and fight mold through direct contact. This type of substance includes potassium permanganate, zineb, Bordeaux mixture, sulfur. Contact mixtures protect only against superficial fungal infections.
Once mold penetrates into the plant tissues, they are powerless. In addition, thanks to the point-by-point principle of action, the plant and soil are thoroughly covered, without missing a single millimeter, otherwise the remaining particles will develop again.
1.3 Operating principle
The main feature of contact fungicides is that fungi are not able to develop resistance to them after repeated use.
Systemic fungicides are classified as medicinal based on their principle of action. They do not require point distribution. The mixture falling on the ground is absorbed into it on its own, and is also transported by plant tissues, reaching infected cells.
At the same time, protection against fungal infections after one application lasts for 3 weeks. 2 hours after application, such a preparation is no longer washed out of the soil by rain.
The downside of the drug is that after three or four uses on one crop, plants and fungi develop immunity to the action of the mixture. Often a systemic fungicidal solution is used for roses and cucumbers. open ground. The effect on these plants is most pronounced.
1.4 Control of plant diseases using fungicides in an ornamental garden (video)
2 Features of the use of fungicidal mixtures
To get an effective effect when using fungicide mixtures and at the same time protect yourself from possible negative impact drug, follow the rules:
- The mixtures are distributed on the site using protective equipment. Rubber gloves act as protection for the hands, and a respirator or mask made of dense fabric that is not capable of allowing particles of the substance to pass through is put on the face.
- It is better to distribute the solution using a modern one. This will ensure uniform coverage of the entire treated area with the product.
- carried out in cloudy weather. The best time for this is evening spring time, early morning (at dawn) in autumn. The green part of the plant is processed first. After this, the remaining solution is distributed onto the soil. It is advisable not to spray the composition 3-4 hours before precipitation.
- When treating crops whose green parts are used for food, the stem, leaves and flowers during flowering are not treated with the drug. The green part of the plant transports the composition and retains individual chemicals in the tissues for a long time. Therefore, they cannot be eaten. Leaves and flowers of tomatoes, cherries, cherries, gooseberries and radishes should not be processed. If the treatment was carried out earlier, then you need to wait until the expiration date for this mixture.
- Plants are treated with a freshly prepared solution. A mixture that is stored beyond 24 hours catastrophically loses its properties and is less effective in use. The best option– this is to dilute the drug immediately before spraying.
- Fungicidal mixtures should be stored in airtight containers. It is advisable to choose a dry, dark place for this. Atmospheric moisture can affect the structure and action of chemicals, reducing their toxicity to fungi. Sunlight also reduces the effectiveness of active bacteria in biological mixtures. The room is selected with good thermal insulation to protect the drugs from the effects of sub-zero temperatures.
- When watering with fungicides coniferous plants, lawns, flower beds and playgrounds should be protected from children and pets for at least two weeks. During this time, such a pesticide will have time to decompose into top layer soil, and the remaining substances inside green plants will not harm humans or animals.
- Fungicides are stored depending on the type: biological mixtures - 2 years, chemical compositions remain effective even after 10 years of storage. Shelf life is indicated on the packaging.
Most effective way plant treatment is spraying
Remember that repeated use of one composition reduces the effectiveness of each subsequent one. An acceptable scheme is the alternation of system and contact mixtures.
If only systemic drugs are used, then alternate 2-3 chemical compositions.
2.1 How to choose the right fungicide?
Fungicidal compounds have different effects on domestic crops. The reason for this is the principle of action of the drug, the structure of the plant it treats, chemical composition solution.
The most common drugs are the following:
- Strobirulin. Systemic fungicides that are used to prevent fungal infections. Possess high resistance to thermal effects. Easily distributed in all green tissues. Drugs of this type include Cabrio Top, Zato, Amistar, Flint.
- Hydroxyanilides. They belong to the systemic type of mixtures. Safe for humans and animals. Used for prevention. A well-known composition of this type is Teldor.
- Triazole. This mixture is used not only for prevention, but also for the treatment of plants. The solution is absorbed mainly through the leaves of the plant. Presented on the market with the drugs Alto, Topaz, Rex, Split, Sportak.
- Benzimidazole. Systemic fungicide, which is absorbed into the roots from the soil. Effectively distribute the solution during watering. It has a medicinal effect and is also used to disinfect seeds.
- Dithiocarbamate. A contact preparation is used to prevent the appearance of fungi on leaves and stems.
- Immidazole. A contact fungicide used to control powdery mildew and some types of mold. It is contained in the preparations Trifmin and Mirage.
Fungal diseases- this is a fairly serious problem for any gardener. If you discover that your plant is infected with a fungus, you need to take immediate action, otherwise it will be extremely difficult to save the plant. This may indicate gray plaque on the leaves of the plant. In this case, special preparations come to the aid of all gardeners - fungicides. What are fungicides, what they are, how to use them - we will tell you in this article.
Traces of leaf damage by a fungal disease
What is a "fungicide"?
First you need to figure out what it is. Fungicides- these are chemical preparations for the treatment of plants, they belong to large group pesticides. Translated from Latin language"fungicide" means "kills fungi." They suppress the development and destroy fungi harmful to plants.
How fungicides work is still not known exactly. The vast majority of these drugs act directly on fungi and their spores, disrupting their normal life processes. Some fungicides disrupt the reproduction processes of fungi, some block the synthesis of proteins and other substances necessary for the life of the fungus, and some disrupt the normal process of fungal cell division.
What types of fungicides are there?
There are many different classifications of fungicides. All drugs according to the production method are divided into chemical and biological. The first ones are produced artificially from chemical compounds. And the second group is made on the basis of live bacteria that are pathogenic for fungi. The advantage of biological ones is that they are less harmful and toxic compared to chemical ones. It is because of this benefit that natural fungicides are often used by gardeners.
One more classification of fungicides- according to the mechanism of action. There are two groups of fungicides:
— preventive (they protect plants from harmful fungi);
- medicinal (treat sick plants).
Leaves affected by fungus
Depending on active ingredients Contains organic and inorganic fungicides.
Inorganic fungicides contain salts of sulfur, copper, iron, potassium, manganese and other substances.
Organic fungicidal products are made from organic substances. They have a number of advantages: such preparations do not contain heavy metals and other harmful chemicals, are easily decomposed by soil inhabitants and combine well with other pesticides. But organic fungicides also have negative sides - they are not persistent and are very quickly washed out of the soil. They are also not particularly effective and sometimes they are not enough to cure sick plant. On the contrary, their inorganic “brothers” act for quite a long time and are characterized by rapid action and efficiency.
Fungicidal preparations are used for various purposes. They can be used to treat the plants themselves directly (during the growing season or dormancy), to treat seeds before planting for prevention, and they can also treat the soil. But there are also combined preparations that are suitable for complex treatment of seeds, adult plants, and soil.
Different fungicides have different localization on the plant. Those fungicides that remain on the surface and act upon direct contact with the fungus are called contact, or local. But the effect of such fungicides depends on the amount of the drug, on chemical resistance, and also on the weather, because the drug is easily washed off from the surface of plants by rain.
Another group of fungicides are systemic (or intraplant), they spread inside the plant, destroying pathogenic fungi from the inside. These fungicides no longer depend on the weather; their effectiveness is determined only by how quickly the drug penetrates the plant.
Directions for use
Fungicides can be applied in three different ways.
The first is seed treatment before planting. This is done either using dry powder or a solution of fungicide in water.
The second method is spraying adult plants. In this case, treatment is carried out with a fungicide solution, usually this is done in spring and autumn (as a preventative measure), and also when the plant is infected with a fungus and needs to be cured.
You can also apply the dry preparation or its solution directly to the soil before planting the plant. This treatment will destroy any fungi that may be in the soil and prevent infection of the plants.
All fungicides must be used strictly according to the instructions so as not to harm the plant. You also need to remember that many fungicides are classified as substances of medium danger. But there is no need to worry, if you handle fungicides correctly, they can only harm fungi.
That is why it is very important to follow safety precautions when working with fungicides: protect your hands with gloves, wear protective clothing, and wash your hands thoroughly after work. Also be sure to isolate children and pets from the premises.
List of drugs
Consento
Consento is an effective systemic fungicide for the control of late blight, Alternaria and peronospora, available in the form of a suspension.
The product has unique activity against a large number of fungi that affect seeds, seedlings, leaves and fruits of plants, and also has a preventive and therapeutic effect.
Easy to use: the drug is diluted with water according to the instructions and sprayed evenly until the leaves of the plant are completely wetted.
Begins to act from the first day after treatment.
Abiga Peak
This chemical drug from the group of contact fungicides. It is based on copper oxychloride. This element, when released, directly affects the vital activity of the fungus, slowing down the processes of its growth and respiration. Copper also prevents the synthesis of important proteins, which also kills the fungus.
Acrobat MC
This is a drug with a systemic contact type of effect.
Its active components are the chemicals dimethomorph and mancozeb. It comes in the form of granules that dissolve in water.
Gardeners use it to combat late blight, Alternaria and other diseases.
This natural product contains strains of Bacillus subtilis bacteria.
It can be found commercially in tablet or powder form.
"Alirin-B" is used to treat diseases such as late blight, powdery mildew, scab, gray rot and many others. This fungicide affects the vital processes of the fungus, suppressing them. Positive side effects include an increase in the amount of ascorbic acid and a decrease in the amount of nitrates in the crop.
It can be used to treat plants or as a prophylactic agent to protect plants from pathogenic fungi.
Byleton
Chemical fungicide, the active substance of which is triadimefon. Available in powder form. Differs in systemic action.
It will help cope with fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, fucariasis, rust, septoria and many others. Triadimefon in this fungicide inhibits the growth of the fungus and also disrupts the synthesis of compounds necessary for the fungus. Thus, this drug helps fight diseases.
Bordeaux mixture
This is a broad-spectrum fungicide designed to protect a wide variety of crops from fungal infections. It is quite effective and safe for plants. The solution is quite simple to prepare; it stays on the plants for a long time, without losing its potency.
Available in the form of a water-soluble powder.
Vitaros
This is a contact-systemic drug intended for treating seeds before planting.
Available in the form of a solution in ampoules. Basics active substance- thiram + carboxin.
Lasts for a long time. The preparation contains a dye, which facilitates the processing process.
Gamair
This biological fungicide is based on colonies of Bacillus subtilis bacteria. It is used to exterminate fungi both on plants and in the ground. In terms of action, it is an analogue of another fungicide - “Fitosporin”.
Gamair is commercially available in the form of tablets and powder.
This fungicide is used both to successfully combat pathogenic fungi and bacteria, and to prevent diseases in garden and indoor crops.
Glyocladin
This fungicidal drug is an analogue of another - trichodermin. This drug is made based on the culture of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum, as well as bacteria that have a positive effect on the soil. "Glyokladin" fights fungi in the soil, preventing plant infection. The fungal culture in this fungicide multiplies in the soil, thereby suppressing the growth of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The fungal culture itself is harmless to plants; it is destructive only to pathogenic organisms.
This drug can be found on sale in tablets and also in the form of suspensions.
TO positive properties This drug can also be attributed to the fact that it is safe, capable of restoring the soil, and also differs high efficiency. "Glyokladin" is able to cleanse the soil of harmful chemicals after the use of pesticides.
Green soap
This is a natural fungicide made from vegetable oils and animal fats, as well as potassium salts of fatty acids. Although it is called “Green Soap”, this preparation is not soap, but only consists of the same components as real soap.
This drug is used by gardeners to prevent the appearance of fungi and harmful insects. After treatment, it covers the leaves and branches of the plant, like a film, preventing pests and fungi from multiplying on it.
Based on “Green Soap”, various solutions for treating plants are made at home.
Green soap should only be used for spraying plants; it is not recommended to apply it to the soil.
Kurzat
The effectiveness of the action is ensured by the main substances - copper oxychloride and cymoxanil.
Copper oxychloride works from the inside, coating the plant protective layer, preventing infection by fungi and pests. Cymoxanil, on the contrary, acts from inside the plant, quickly spreading throughout the plant and destroying the fungus.
Together these two components provide effective treatment and plant protection. The drug suppresses the proliferation of the fungus, disrupts its vital functions, and also has an antibacterial effect.
"Kurzat" is mainly used to combat late blight and powdery mildew.
Sold as a water-soluble powder.
Maxim
This drug is from the group of contact fungicides. Gardeners use it to treat bulbs and tubers before planting, and it also helps prevent bulbs from rotting during storage.
The active substance of this fungicide, fludioxonil, is very similar in composition to antibiotics. It kills pathogenic fungi and soil microorganisms without affecting beneficial soil microflora in any way.
Protects crops from scab, various rots, blackleg and other diseases.
Oksikhom
Fungicide of contact-systemic action. Sold in powder form, used for spraying plants. Made from copper oxychloride and oxadixyl. It is used to successfully combat late blight, macrosporiosis, and peronosporium on plants both in the garden and in the apartment.
It has a very fast action, the effect is visible after a couple of hours. That is why it is recommended to be used to treat advanced cases of fungal diseases.
It is important to remember that Oxychom cannot be combined with other fungicidal drugs. It is a toxic drug, so plant treatment must be carried out at least 20 days before harvest.
Ordan
A complex drug that has both systemic and contact effects. It is based on copper oxychloride and cymoxanil. Due to the combination of these components, “Ordan” performs several tasks at once: copper oxychloride is responsible for eradicating fungus and also has a bactericidal effect; Cymoxanil treats the plant and also protects them from re-infection.
One of distinctive features This remedy is that it is not addictive to fungi. Pathogenic organisms cannot adapt to this drug, which is why it is always effective.
Previkur
The spectrum of action of Previkura is quite wide. It helps cope with peronosporiasis, various types root rot, as well as other fungal diseases. Its main difference from other fungicides is its ability to act as a plant growth stimulator. It affects the plant immune system and protects against subsequent infections. It is used for both garden crops and indoor flowers.
Profit Gold
Fungicide with a systemic mechanism of action. Its two active ingredients, cymoxanil and famoxadone, provide effective treatment for various fungal infections. Cymoxanil penetrates the plant and acts on the fungus from the inside, blocking its development. And the second component is responsible for influencing the fungus from the outside. Famoxadone kills the fungus and its spores, and also forms a thin film over the plant. It is this systemic action that helps to quickly and effectively combat fungus on plants, even in difficult cases. The effect of the drug is long-lasting.
Gardeners use Profit Gold to combat late blight, powdery mildew, anthracnose and other fungal diseases. This fungicide is also used to treat and protect indoor flowers.
Rayok
This drug is similar in action to the drug "Skor". "Rayok" is absorbed by plants, so it makes it easier to fight diseases. Another advantage of this drug is that it begins to act very quickly, literally within a few hours. It is also resistant to being washed away by rain.
The basis of this fungicide is difenoconazole. This substance directly affects the synthesis of the genetic material of the fungus and disrupts it. Because of this, the fungus gradually dies.
Heals garden trees and other plants against scab, Alternaria and powdery mildew.
It is commercially available as an emulsion.
Quite effective contact fungicide. Two active ingredients, mefenoxam and mancozeb, effectively fight the fungus, protecting the plant both outside and inside.
Mefenoxam penetrates the plant tissue, reaches the lesion and destroys the fungus. Mancozeb comes to his aid, acting outside the plant, enhancing the effect of the first active substance. Together they quickly help get rid of the disease.
This fungicide is effective in the fight against late blight, peronospora, and also copes well with downy mildew. Quickly decomposes in the soil without harming beneficial organisms.
This drug is produced in granules, they are dissolved in water and a solution is obtained for spraying plants.
Rovral
This is a contact fungicide intended for the local treatment of fungal diseases. The affected areas are lubricated with the drug solution. You can also water the ground with it before planting plants.
Mechanism of action: the active substance iprodione stops the reproduction and germination of spores, and also negatively affects the development of the fungus.
This fungicide is effective against verticellosis, fucaria, late blight, and powdery mildew in various garden and garden crops.
"Rovral" can be used in small doses for preventive treatment of plants. It is also recommended to treat seeds before long-term storage.
Available in powder form.
Score
"Skor" is used for the treatment and prevention of scab, powdery mildew, various kinds spotting, moniliosis, coccomycosis.
This fungicide can be used to treat plants in all phases of development.
The big advantage of this drug is its speed of action.
It can be found on sale in the form of an emulsion.
Topsin-M
The active ingredient of this fungicide is methyl thiophanate. Spreading throughout the plant, this component stops the growth of the fungus and also blocks the processes of sporulation.
Penetration into the plant occurs through the root system.
In addition to fungi, it also destroys insect pests (for example, aphids), as it also has an insecticidal effect.
TO positive aspects This drug also includes: speed of action; the ability to use this drug both for the treatment and prevention of fungal diseases; efficiency; safety for people and plants.
This drug will work better and faster if it has already been used previously as a prophylactic agent.
Available in the form of an emulsion, as well as a water-soluble powder.
Trichodermin
This is a biological fungicide made from natural ingredients. It has become an excellent alternative to chemical pesticides.
This drug is based on a strain of saprophytic fungi Trichoderma lignorium. This fungus, when it gets on the substrate, begins to actively grow and multiply. In the process of its life, it releases special substances - natural antibiotics. These substances have a negative effect on the harmful fungus, leading to its death.
To others positive qualities The drug can also be attributed to the fact that it is completely safe for people and animals, does not accumulate in fruits, and is also capable of increasing the amount of harvest. In addition to fighting fungi, it has a beneficial effect on the soil and also accelerates plant growth.
The effect of the drug is quite long - it lasts about a month.
"Trichodermin" is effective against more than fifty different pathogens of fungal diseases.
Available in powder and suspension form.
Fitosporin-M
This natural fungicide is made from the bacteria Bacillus subtilis. Antibiotics secreted by these bacteria have a detrimental effect on pathogenic fungi that have infected your plants.
Effective against many fungal diseases, including black rot, rust, root rot, late blight and many others.
It is practically non-toxic, which allows it to be used for treating indoor flowers. Its additional effect is to stimulate plant growth.
Available in three forms - powder, paste, solution.
Hom
This fungicide is based on copper oxychloride.
Can act as an analogue of Bordeaux mixture. But the main difference from it (unfortunately, negative) is that “Hom” is very easily washed off with water from plants, so it is not durable.
Used to combat late blight, peronosporosis, spotting.
Mechanism of action of the drug: after treating the plant, the drug reaches the foci of fungal infection and penetrates their cells. There, the fungicide affects the synthesis of substances important for the fungus, and this causes the death of the fungus.
This fungicide is not addictive to pathogenic organisms, so it is always effective in combating them.
Horus
"Horus" is a fungicide with system type actions. It is based on cyprodinil.
Designed for spraying crops; after treatment, it forms a thin layer on plants that protects them from infection.
It is used for the treatment and prevention of diseases such as scab, coccomycosis, moniliosis, leaf curl and some others.
The advantages of the drug also include the fact that it is active even in low temperatures, non-phytotoxic, economical, easy to use.
Here is a list of most fungicides used to treat and protect plants from fungal diseases. After reading it, you will have an idea of what fungicides are, how they can help your plant, and which fungicide is best to choose to save your plants.
Fungicides for plants, what are they, what is it? Recent decades have been marked by an unprecedented increase in viral, bacterial, and fungal diseases of all plants. Fungal diseases (late blight, gray mold, other types of rot, powdery mildew, downy mildew, fusarium blight, cluster blight, root rot, various leaf spots, etc.) when used correctly are successfully treated with fungicides - contact, systemic. Bacterial, viral diseases They are practically untreatable, no matter what actions gardeners take. All fungicides are divided into preparations of contact and systemic action.
Contact fungicides
Contact preparations - such as zineb, polycarbocin, copper oxychloride, sulfur, mancozeb, and others - are not able to treat already diseased plants, but reliably protect them from infection. Plants do not develop resistance to them - this is their main advantage. But their period of protective action does not exceed 10-12 days before the first heavy rain, after which the treatment is repeated.
The frequency of applications for contact fungicides is the highest: from 3 to 6 applications per season. These drugs almost do not penetrate inside the plant; they protect only those places where they are located directly. Therefore, when working with contact fungicides try to thoroughly spray not only the upper surface of the leaves, but their undersides too. Many types of fungi begin to germinate from the underside of leaves.
Systemic fungicides
Systematicity in plant protection means the ability of the active substance to be redistributed from the place of application to other parts of the plant, not only on the surface, but also inside. These drugs protect plants from fungi not only from the outside, but also from the inside. Systemic fungicides can have a therapeutic effect, but in the early stages of infection.
Within 2-6 hours from the moment of treatment, any precipitation (or watering) is not able to reduce the effectiveness of such preparations. And their protective effect lasts for 2-3 weeks.
However, pathogenic fungi very quickly develop resistance to systemic fungicides. To slow down this process, international experts on plant protection products recommend using them no more than twice per season on the same crop. And if needed additional processing, then you need to use drugs either of contact action, or a systemic fungicide, but of a completely different chemical group.
Chemical groups of systemic plant protection products (analogues are given in parentheses)
- Azoles (triazoles) – Vectra (Granite), Skor (Bogard, Dividend), Topaz, Tilt (Bumper), Folicur, Alto, Baytan, Bayleton, Sportak, Impact.
- Strobirulins - Zato, Strobi, Amistar.
- Benzimidazoles – Fundazol (Benomil), Derozal (Colfugo-Super), Tecto (Titusim),
- Phenylamides - Apron.
- Anilidopyrimidines – Chorus.
- Pyrimidinylcarbinols – Rubigan.
- Dithianols – Delan.
- Phosphonates – Alyette (Alyufit).
- Phthalamides – Merpan, Folpan.
Like insects, fungi on plants develop resistance to all fungicides of one chemical group at once.
The best plant protection options are:
- alternating contact and systemic fungicides;
- alternating 2-3 systemic drugs, but from different chemical groups.
For many years now, mixed fungicides have been produced, consisting of 2-3 active ingredients, and they are:
- simultaneously contact and systemic action (Kurzat R. Odram, Acrobat MC, Ridomil Gold MC, Sandofan M8, Tattu, Oksihom, Pilon, Artemi S, Poliram DF, Artserid, Avixil, others). They are used as contact preparations up to 4 times per season with the concentration of the working solution usually not lower than 0.3-0.4% (30-40 g per 10 liters of water). Please note that lower concentrations of solutions lead to poor results. So this is exactly the case when “you can’t spoil the porridge with oil”... Prepare solutions of fungicides of this group, following the recommendations of the instructions, but it is even better to make them more concentrated than written.
- only systemic action, may belong to the same chemical group or to completely different ones. This is done only in order to expand the spectrum of action on harmful fungi. Such fungicides include Mikal, Archer, Ryder, Alto-Super, Falcon, Thanos, and others. They are used no more than twice per season.
Basic rules for using medications
- Spray only in cloudy, windless weather, as well as early in the morning - at dawn or in the evening - at sunset. Precipitation within 4-6 hours after treatment reduces the effectiveness of many fungicides.
- Be sure to use rubber gloves, because... All plant protection products penetrate the skin quite well and are then absorbed into the blood. It is enough to wear a light respirator or bandage on your face.
- Try to spray the plants themselves with fungicides, not the soil. A high-quality pneumatic sprayer will help save money, time, and preserve your health. Therefore, do not save on buying a sprayer.
- It is prohibited to treat with systemic fungicides crops whose green stems or leaves are used as food, as well as radishes, radishes, daikon, strawberries, currants, gooseberries, cherries, and cherries. The last four can be processed only before flowering. Since all these cultures absorb toxic compounds very well, and do not have time to get rid of them before they are consumed, even if the waiting periods are observed.
- The working solution is prepared immediately before use and can be stored for no more than a day.
- Do not allow any fungicides to get into water bodies, as this leads to the death of all living things in them. Poisons break down faster in surface layer land that is not intended for use for vegetable gardens, hayfields, pastures, and playgrounds. The sun and soil microorganisms are the main destroyers and neutralizers of any toxic compounds.
- Store fungicides in a dry, dark, preferably frost-free room away from food products. All packages must be sealed, as moisture in the air changes physical properties drugs. The shelf life of biological products is 1-2.5 years, chemicals - 10 years or more, regardless of the expiration date indicated on the container label.
