Do-it-yourself sandblasting machine: diagrams and drawings. Sandblasting machine: principle of operation, areas of application Sandblasting machine at home
Before you take on homemade sandblasting, you should answer a few questions. This approach will help avoid both unnecessary expenses and a certain amount of disappointment in the future. So, before you start assembling a sandblasting machine with your own hands, you should decide on the main purpose of the device.
If you plan to sandblast decorative glass and mirrors, the best option seems to be a sandblasting chamber. Its dimensions are determined based on the dimensions of the products with which it is intended to work. If you plan to sandblast cleaning of materials for painting and priming, then it is necessary to manufacture a sandblasting machine open type and to work with it you need a separate closed room.
homemade sandblasting machine from gas log
At what level will the unit be operated? Amateur or professional, business-oriented? Homemade apparatus You can make it yourself. And it will be able to work even at production scales comparable to industrial ones. But the resource put into it must be of a completely different type. It all depends on the quality of the materials used, the size of the installation and its power. This should not be forgotten.
From simple to complex
diagram of a simple sandblasting machine
Let's start with the simplest thing - a sandblasting gun. In its simplest form, it is a handle with a tip and two fittings.
Compressed air is supplied one at a time, sand is sucked in through the second. Of course, it’s better not to make a sandblasting gun yourself from start to finish, but to purchase a ready-made one, especially if you plan to use the device intensively. But for home use It is quite possible to assemble from what is at hand.
First of all, you need to choose a nozzle, i.e. a nozzle through which a stream of air with abrasive is ejected. There is no point in sharpening it yourself or ordering it; you will not achieve decent quality and resource. It is better to buy one made from tungsten carbide or boron. Their service life before wear is hundreds of hours, while ceramic or cast iron ones last for two to three hours of work. The high abrasiveness of the sand, multiplied by the high feed rate, leads to rapid wear of the outlet channel.
An example of a homemade sandblasting gun made from a valve from a spray gun, a tee, ball valve and a ceramic nozzle from a dental machine.
The gun body is sharpened to the size of the nozzle. A handle and fittings are attached to it. The simplest option assembled from several water fittings, a tee and a plastic container for sand - it can serve as a cut plastic bottle, fixed on top.
This sandblasting installation can be assembled literally with your own hands in a few hours. Sand is poured into the bottle, the gun is connected to... Yes, compressed air is supplied to the gun from a compressor or line.
This is the first, but not the last difficulty that a novice sandblaster has to face. You will have to get a compressor, sooner or later. You can rent, of course, but this will be a temporary measure. Alternatively, you can.
Consumables
Let's assume that we have both a gun and a compressor. The time has come to take care of the abrasive as a consumable. Sand, in the usual sense, is not very suitable for the task at hand. Its composition is heterogeneous, the particles have unequal size and shape. Hence the nature of the resulting surface. In addition, grains of sand are broken down in the process, turning into dust. Very soon the sand mass becomes completely unsuitable for work. In short consumables dress up buy.
The fact is that for high-quality sandblasting you need special types abrasive Often it is not even sand, but materials of artificial or natural origin. Their choice depends on the specifics of the work and is determined by the following parameters:
- hardness
- grain size and shape
After using it for some time, the author realized that its use on its own was quite limited. For processing large area it's not very effective. Decorative processing is complicated by the fact that the sand scatters in different directions. It turns out that you need a considerable supply of it or you have to make forced stops. Thus, the idea of conducting the process not on outdoors, but in a confined space.
Universal sandblasting chamber
So we moved on to the idea of creating a camera for processing small parts. The design is a rectangular box, welded from metal corner and covered with steel sheet 1 mm thick. It will be most convenient to place it on a table or stand. A glass viewing window must be provided along the long side of the chamber.
In order to allow internal manipulations, two holes with a diameter of 100 mm are made in the front wall. They secure a pair of matching gloves. Both glass and camera gloves will be subject to wear and tear, so consideration should be given to replacing them.
The bottom of the box is covered with a wire grid; underneath there is a trench that opens into a container for collecting waste sand. Air is supplied to the gun placed inside through a connector in the wall. The sand hose is lowered into the sand container. Thus, the sand is poured back during operation and does not go beyond the working area. Two fluorescent lamps are used for interior lighting suitable sizes. The design will be more perfect if it is supplemented with ventilation.
There is a hatch on the side through which the product is placed inside. To ensure the ability to process long workpieces, it is better to make loading windows on the sides. Covered with a tarpaulin, they will allow long products to be driven through the chamber.
Pressure type devices
If desired, you can make a homemade pressure-type sandblasting installation. Its design is not important. Suitable for this purpose metal barrel. The bottom should be cut off and replaced with a cone. A sand seal with a tee is attached to its lower part, to which a hose from the compressor is attached on one side, and a hose with a nozzle comes off on the other.
The author also came across the design of a homemade sandblasting machine made from a fire extinguisher. Only the body of the fire extinguisher was used; a perforated tube was passed through it, after which the container was filled with sand and compressed air was supplied. It turns out to be something like an injector. The design is simple, but it can only be recommended as an amateur device.
The above constructions only describe general scheme and operating principle. If you decide to make a homemade sandblasting machine for long-term use, you should set specific parameters and sit down to the calculations - you cannot do without it. I would like to wish all home-made workers success, and sandblasters in particular.
Sandblasting machine is a device that is used to degrease and clean finished parts, as well as frost and engrave glass.
The finished device is expensive, so there is an excellent alternative: making a sandblasting machine yourself. Such an installation will not be inferior in quality to expensive equipment and can be easily assembled from scrap materials.
The principle of operation of the device is to push the abrasive out of the gun nozzle under high pressure. Thus, the sand jet cleans the surface being treated: removes rust and matts the glass.
Photo of a homemade sandblasting machine:
Components of a sandblasting machine
The main components of a sandblasting device:
- a compressor that supplies air under pressure;
- container for abrasive: plastic bottle, gas cylinder;
- air duct;
- reinforced hose;
- abrasive fraction;
- gearbox;
- abrasive spray gun.
The design of the gun includes the following parts: mixer, nozzle, feed levers compressed air and abrasive.
It is better to purchase a ready-made compressor, since it is quite difficult to make a device with your own hands that would supply particles at a speed of 500 liters per minute. In addition, the air supply motor must have an automatic subcooling mode.
The nozzle is an important part of the device. It must be made of heavy-duty material: boron or tungsten carbide. Ceramic and cast iron nozzles are short-lived: they fail after several hours of operation. However, if one-time processing is carried out, then it is enough to use a cheap ceramic nozzle.
Sand sifted through a sieve is usually used as an abrasive at home. Depending on the desired result, choose a small or large fraction from 0.5 to 3 mm. Use regular river sand– undesirable. It is better to take sand rock from quarries.
At home, baking soda is often used. It perfectly polishes and cleans surfaces. But for large areas It is not advisable to use soda, since you will need a lot of it. For fine and delicate processing, ready-made mixtures are used.
Basic designs of sandblasting machines
Depending on the nature of the work, use different kinds sandblasting machines. For decorative processing of glass, a sandblasting chamber is required.
Open type devices are used to clean parts. Open type devices, depending on the method of abrasive supply, are divided into the following types:
- pressure;
- injection;
The drawings of these installations show significant differences between them.
The principle of operation of the pressure apparatus is to supply air both inside the installation and into the dispenser of the container with sand. The air flows are mixed, and then the compressed gas enters a hose with a nozzle. The last element sets the shape and pressure of the sand stream. The pressure apparatus is used to process large surfaces during long hours of work.
Pressure installation diagram:
In an injection device, air and sand move through different hoses. As a result, a low pressure is created, which is optimal for short-term work.
Injection installation diagram:
The best scheme for homemade sandblasting is a suction apparatus with an injection supply of abrasive.
Sandblasting machine from a gas cylinder
A fairly popular device for cleaning large surfaces is a homemade sandblaster made from a gas cylinder.
Photo of a sandblasting device from a gas cylinder:
To build this structure, you will need the following parts:
- propane or freon gas cylinder;
- compressor, power up to 3 kW and capacity up to 500 l/min.
- ball valves that regulate the passage of abrasive and air;
- line segment steel pipe from the water supply 2 inches with thread and plug; serving as a funnel for pouring sand;
- tee with thread DN 15;
- rubber hose up to 2 m and with a diameter of 14 mm;
- a piece of hose, 5 m long, with a diameter of 10 mm;
- gas hose 5 meters long and with an internal passage of 10 mm;
- fittings and clamps for hoses;
- nozzle made of high-strength material;
- FUM tape for sealing and eliminating corrosion on metal parts.
You can grind the nozzle (injector) yourself, but it is better to buy a ready-made one. This is a critical part that provides the necessary jet pressure and its direction. The nozzle should be made of boron or tungsten carbide, since the ceramic part will quickly wear out and become unusable.
You can purchase a ready-made nozzle or make it yourself. To make the nozzle, take a metal rod 30 mm long and 10 mm in diameter. It should be squandered internal hole up to 2.5 mm for a length of 20 mm. The remaining part of the rod is bored to a larger diameter - 6.5 mm.
The equipment assembly process occurs according to the following scheme:
- Drain the gas from the cylinder and unscrew the valve. There should be no gas left in the container, as this is fraught with dangerous consequences. To thoroughly clean the gas, insert a hose into it, which is connected to a compressor, and pump out the remaining air.
- Two holes are made in an empty tank: one at the bottom of the cylinder, with a diameter of 12 mm, and the second, opposite, in the place of the tap, with a diameter of 2 inches. The inlet pipe should have exactly the same diameter.
- At the bottom of the cylinder, where the sand will drain, a steel tee DN 15 is welded. The welding should ensure good tightness of the connection.
- In order for the structure to stand stably on the floor, a tripod or small wheels should be welded to the bottom of the cylinder. The wheelbase will make it easier to deport the device when transporting it from place to place.
- When the main frame of the device is ready, small parts are installed. Fittings are screwed onto the threaded parts of the pipes. The joints are sealed with FUM tape to make the structure airtight.
- Threaded bushings are installed on the open ends of the tee. At one outlet of the pipe a hose with a diameter of 14 mm is screwed in, and at the other - copper tube, with a diameter of 10 mm. A reinforced hose is attached to the copper pipe.
- Next, a 14 mm fitting is connected to the cylinder valve. Then they take a hose with a diameter of 14 mm and fix it with a collet clamp at the cylinder, and the other end of the hose is attached to a clamp at the tee.
- A sleeve is attached to the free end of the tee, which connects the tee mixer and the nozzle of the device.
- The mixer is connected to the compressor using a hose with a diameter of 10 mm.
When the structure is fully assembled, you can safely connect the compressor and start using the homemade unit.
To enhance the operation of the device, you can connect another fitting to the sand tank, the other end of which is connected to the compressor.
Sandblasting device of simplified design
Based on the injection assembly, you can make a mini sandblasting machine from a polyethylene (PET) bottle with a volume of 1.5 liters.
Photo of a homemade sandblasting gun:
For a homemade injection device that resembles a pistol, you will need:
- PET bottle;
- ball valve;
- tee connector;
- spray gun valve;
- nozzle;
- compressor.
The compressor is designed to supply air. This device must be purchased ready-made.
Step-by-step assembly instructions:
- Turn the gun body to the size of the nozzle on lathe.
- Attach a tee-mixer to the body. One of the fittings is connected to the compressor. It serves to move air, and a nozzle is mounted to the other end of the tee to suck in air. A bottle with abrasive is mounted on the third tap of the mixer.
- Compressed air is supplied from the compressor to the gun.
- The ball valve is located between the bottle and the tee.
- Movement air masses carried out using a handle from a spray gun, which is connected to a tee.
- The top of the tank is cut off and abrasive is poured there.
- By simply pressing the trigger, a stream of sand is released onto the desired surface.
This simple device is suitable for disposable or for short-term processing of small parts - up to 20-30 minutes. In this case, a ceramic nozzle can be used.
Sandblasting chamber
For sandblasting objects small size or vice versa - large surfaces, use a sandblasting chamber. This device allows you to save abrasive material by preventing it from scattering in the air.
Sandblasting camera photo:
It is represented by a metal rectangular box. The structure is made of metal profiles and thin plywood. The outside of the tank is lined steel sheets. The design is compact, as it even fits on a table.
A viewing glass can be made on one side of the chamber. Holes with a diameter of 10 cm are made in the same wall for gloves. They put their hands into these gloves and perform the necessary actions.
The bottom of the box is lined with wire mesh. There is a tray under the grate onto which the used abrasive is poured.
The chamber is equipped with a gun that releases abrasive powder onto the surfaces being treated. Therefore, in one of the walls of the chamber it is necessary to make a hole for a hose through which air will flow to the gun.
The sand hose can be placed in a tank containing this abrasive. This is necessary for a continuous process: the used sand enters the reservoir, from which the next cycle will occur along the hose.
A closing hatch is made in one of the sides for supplying parts. For convenience, the chamber is illuminated, which allows you to easily control the process. To process the part, you need to put your hands in rubber gloves located inside the chamber and use a sandblasting gun.
Thus, with the help of homemade sandblasting you can make high-quality processing of surfaces and parts. However, improper assembly of the unit may result in injury. To prevent this from happening, you need to purchase high-quality spare parts and carry out installation according to the instructions.
Sandblasting allows you to quickly and efficiently clean surfaces from dirt and frost glass. The first type of operation is in great demand in small auto repair shops and even private garages. The problem is that the equipment sets on the market are expensive. At the same time, let’s say, in stock home handyman There is a fairly efficient compressor. In this case, you can assemble a sandblasting machine with your own hands, using, literally, discarded items and parts that can be bought at any hardware store.
Do-it-yourself sandblasting can be assembled based on two construction diagrams, differing in the physics of supplying abrasive material to the output path. However, they will have almost the same list of significant nodes.
- A compressor is the main device for pumping air.
- A receiver that can be made from a gas cylinder.
- A container for abrasive material of a fairly small volume, which is made from freon cylinder or fire extinguisher.
- A gun, the main tool of the installation operator.
- Connecting hoses.
Important! To provide long work and stable parameters of the abrasive mixture, the device of the sandblasting machine must necessarily include a moisture separator. If used piston compressor, it is recommended to install an oil filtration system on the air inlet tract.
Any homemade sandblaster should produce a stream of air-abrasive mixture at the output. Wherein pressure diagram uses pressurized abrasive into the outlet pipe, where it is mixed with the air flow from the compressor. Household sandblaster ejector type uses the Bernoulli effect to create a vacuum in the abrasive intake path. The latter enters the mixing zone under the influence of the atmosphere.
The drawings and diagram of a homemade sandblaster, according to which you can assemble the device at home, are extremely diverse. The reason is that artisans use what is at hand for their products. It is therefore reasonable to consider general principles, according to which homemade sandblasting equipment is built.
What can sandblasting be assembled from?
To understand how easy it is to make sandblasting with your own hands, it is enough to dwell on the operating features of each structural unit. In this case, the selection available parts or finished products becomes obvious.
Important! The connection diagram for moisture separation and oil collection devices depends on the specific product purchased for this purpose. However, most of the models on the market will only require the manufacture of an outlet from a plumbing tee onto which the hose fittings are mounted.
Algorithm for making sandblasting from a gas cylinder or fire extinguisher
Most simple design sandblasting, which you can do yourself, is a pressure-type installation. To make it you will need (the principles of selection and purpose of the components are described above):
- ball valves, 2 pcs;
- freon cylinder, gas or fire extinguisher;
- a piece of pipe to create a funnel for pouring abrasive into the chamber;
- tees, 2 pcs;
- hoses with internal diameters of 10 and 14 mm for releasing abrasive and supplying air from the compressor, respectively;
- fittings and clamps for fastening hoses;
- plumbing fum tape for connecting structural elements.
The production of sandblasting takes place according to the following algorithm.
The assembly of the main structure is completed by welding wheels or carrying handles. It won't hurt either support legs so that sandblasting is not only mobile, but also stable.
- fittings are installed on the cylinder valve, lower tee;
- an air supply hose with a diameter of 14 mm is located between the valve tee and the corresponding mixing unit at the bottom of the cylinder;
- a compressor is connected to the remaining supply of the valve tee with a fitting;
- The working mixture supply hose is attached to the free outlet of the lower tee.
Advice! To ensure a tight seal, it is recommended to select a screw-on cap for the abrasive sand filling tube.
What to make a nozzle and gun from
A homemade sandblasting gun is also not difficult. It can be made using nozzle for ball water valve installed at the end of the air-abrasive mixture supply hose. This output element is a clamping nut that secures the nozzle for ejecting the abrasive.
The last structural element - the nozzle - can be made of metal by turning the part on a lathe. However, it is more reasonable make a nozzle from a spark plug. To do this, the old part is cut with a grinder, separating the durable ceramic pillar from metal elements designs and forming a suitable length.
Important! The process of separating the required part of the candle is the inevitable formation of a huge amount of dust and unpleasant odor. Therefore, if you do not have the skills to work with an angle grinder and a workshop, it is recommended to buy a ceramic nozzle in a store.
It is especially worth noting: homemade designs often show better results than a ready-made sandblast gun, many models of which are available in retail sales.
Therefore, it is wise to spend time creating your own solution, which does not require significant financial investments.
Alternative manufacturing methods Many options for homemade sandblasting are determined by the needs of the owners and different available materials . You can make your own effective installation using products intended for other work. For example, a high-pressure washer unit will help you assemble a dust-free sandblasting machine with your own hands. Below are some working and effective options
homemade installations.
From a pressure washer You can assemble a sandblaster from Karcher. This car wash creates high water pressure with low water flow. All you need to do to get an efficient, dust-free installation is: collect special nozzle to the outlet tube
- . Required:
- reinforced hose;
- a self-made or store-bought ceramic nozzle; mixing block, a tee with suitable diameter
- landings;
- feed adjustment unit, cylindrical type dispenser;
, passing through the mixing unit at high speed, creates a vacuum in the abrasive supply path. Sand flows in and out with high pressure fluid.
- The water sandblaster of this design has some features. Flow intensity is high with low water flow
- . This allows the installation to be used for glass, frosting or other processing. For stable feeding, an abrasive of uniform dispersion and small fraction must be used. In domestic conditions, a small one is suitable,
sifted river sand.
From a blow gun Small and efficient - this is how sandblasting from a blow gun can be described. This device will allow you to high efficiency carry out, for example, body work.
- However, the performance depends entirely on the compressor used. To assemble the device you will need:
- ready-made pneumatic blow gun;
- plumbing tee;
- ball valve for adjusting the abrasive supply;
outlet nozzle with clamping nut.
As a container for abrasive, either a lightweight cylinder from a powder fire extinguisher or plastic bottle.
Using a spray gun
You can create a homemade sandblast using a spray gun. For this you will need:
- mixing valve from a conventional spray gun;
- handle with air supply mechanism for the spray gun;
- bottle for abrasive mixture:
- tee;
- ball valve regulator.
Scheme of work finished device as follows:
To assemble the structure you will need:
- sharpen the spray gun to use a nozzle of the required dimensions;
- attach the mixing tee to the gun;
- install and secure the supply and circulation hoses.
Important! The supply of sand or other abrasive from the container is started by simply pressing the trigger. The volume of the bottle is enough to treat small parts or surfaces for 20-30 minutes.
As a conclusion
To prevent homemade sandblasting from becoming a problem and ruining the owner’s health, do not neglect simple safety rules. It is recommended to immediately remove dust from the treatment area. A device for solving this problem can be made from a vacuum cleaner. However, to achieve the maximum level of protection, you must work in a respirator and use an uninhabited sealed chamber for cleaning and polishing small parts.
The most popular sandblasting machines of 2018
Sandblasting machine AE&T T06505 19 l.
Sandblasting machine 17 l GARWIN 8866101
N33235 Sandblasting chamber 90 l. AE&T T06301 tabletop
JTC-5324 Sandblaster, 1/2″ hose, max. pressure 250PSI, volume 38l.
Sandblasting gun Fubag Sbg142/3
If you are familiar with the principle of operation of a spray gun, making a sandblasting machine with your own hands will not be so difficult. But in order for the device to fully meet your requirements, you should initially decide on its purpose.
It should also be noted that devices of this type can be manufactured not only for home use, but also for industrial purposes. It all depends on what resources you invest in it.
Industrial sandblasting machine with compressor Types of devices
If you are just starting to work on such equipment, it is best to start with the simplest thing - a sandblasting gun.
There are three types of such equipment:
- sandblasting guns;
- universal sandblasting chambers;
- pressure type devices.
Making a sandblasting machine with your own hands Whichever one you choose, you should choose a powerful compressor for each device. The factory-assembled compressor provides power up to 500 liters per minute. Thus, the device will be suitable for any use: both at home and for industrial purposes.
Required Components
To assemble a sandblasting unit with your own hands, you need to have the following components:
- source for supplying air under pressure;
- container for uninterrupted supply of abrasive material;
- nozzle;
- hose;
- gun.
Sandblasting machine diagram When choosing a nozzle for a sandblasting unit, pay special attention to the material of manufacture. It is best to choose models made of tungsten carbide. Instances made of cast iron or plastic are short-lived.
Assembly diagram
Let's consider the simplest option for assembling a sandblasting machine. The diagram looks something like this:
As for the capacity, in this case you can use a simple plastic bottle For drinking water. But if you want to use such equipment more than once, then it is better to choose a more reliable container.
The assembly diagram is almost identical to the spray gun. The only difference is that instead of a coloring pigment, there is sand in the tank. That is why the nozzle must be made of strong, durable material.
Based on the above, you can use almost any drawing to assemble a sandblasting machine similar to a spray gun. When assembling the device, you should select components only best quality. The productivity of the equipment and the quality of the operations performed depend on this.
Sand supply regulator (faucet) Capacity. If plastic container not suitable, you can use a used metal can. In this case, please note that the container must be thoroughly cleaned of any residue. When choosing a metal cylinder, take into account that you need to perform thread cutting and surface welding.
Nozzle. This is the most important part of the entire sandblasting unit. And while you can still save on capacity, you shouldn’t do this when choosing a nozzle. You can make a nozzle with your own hands. To do this you need to take metal rod required diameter and bore from the inside. The process is quite labor-intensive, so it is more advisable to purchase a ready-made one.
It is best to choose this component from ceramics. These types of nozzles are used in dentistry. You can also choose a steel nozzle. They do not wear out as intensively as those made from ordinary metal or plastic.
Hose. For a sandblasting unit, only a reinforced hose should be selected. This is due to the fact that the work is performed only under high pressure. Recommended inner diameter- 14 millimeters. The length of such a hose must be at least 2 meters.
In addition, before you begin assembly, you need to have the following materials on hand:
- fum tape;
- taps;
- hose clamp;
- pipe adapters;
- hose fittings.
Sandblasting installation diagram Conventionally, assembling the device with your own hands can be described in the following stages:
- in a cylinder or any other sand container, 2 holes are made along the diameter of the pipe;
- for sand drainage, a pipe is attached at the bottom of the tank;
- taps are installed at the pipe outlets, the joints are wrapped with fum tape;
- Fittings are placed on the free ends of the tee, and a hose is attached to one of them;
- The first outlet on the tee is mounted for air supply, the second for sand.
Please note that when assembling the unit with your own hands, all parts must be sealed. Otherwise, the equipment will not perform its functions efficiently.
By fulfilling all the requirements correctly, the output should be a high-quality sandblasting unit. If used for work metal container, then a home-made device may look something like this:
Homemade sandblasting machine The main thing is that before you start work, you need to choose the right one and maximize clear drawing. Having prepared all the necessary components and correctly assembled them according to the diagram with your own hands, in the end you can get sandblasting equipment suitable for home and even industrial use.
Pay attention to safety precautions when working with sandblasting. If work is carried out outdoors, personal protective equipment must be used. Following all recommendations will allow you to do the work quickly, efficiently and safely.
A sandblasting machine is a device that allows you to clean and degrease finished parts, as well as frost and engrave glass. A fully assembled device is quite expensive, and therefore there is good alternative: You can make such a device with your own hands. The device will be of very high quality and will not be at all inferior to expensive equipment, moreover, it is quite easy to assemble from scrap materials.
The principle of operation is to push the abrasive material out of the gun under significant pressure. Do-it-yourself ready-made sandblasting will treat any surface, and it can also frost glass or remove rust from metal.
Main parts of the device
A standard sandblasting unit consists of the following components.
The design of the pistol consists of several more parts:
- nozzle;
- mixer;
- air and abrasive supply levers.
It would be best to purchase a ready-made compressor, since it is very difficult to make such a device with your own hands, because it must supply particles at a speed of 500 liters per minute. It is also worth noting that the air supply motor must have an automated supercooling mode.
The nozzle is a very important part devices. It must be made from very durable material. Tungsten or boron carbide is suitable. If you use ceramics or cast iron, then such a device will be short-lived, since it will fail after just a few hours of operation. But if it is necessary to carry out a one-time treatment, you can use cheaper parts, for example, ceramics.
As an abrasive material, you can use ordinary sand, which is first well sifted through a sieve. Sand is selected depending on the result to be achieved. The fraction can be from 0.5 to 3 mm. It is better not to use river sand. It is advisable to choose a rock that is found in quarries.
Ordinary baking soda is also very often used at home. It can perfectly sand and clean the surface. But if there is a need to treat large surfaces, then using soda is very expensive. financially, since you will need a very large amount of it.
It is worth noting that, if it is necessary to process delicate and a thin surface, then it is best to use a ready-made mixture.
Types of structures
Types of sandblasting units vary depending on the task at hand. If you need to decoratively process glass, it is advisable to use a sandblasting chamber. To clean parts, an open type device is used. Open type sandblasting machine(depending on how the abrasive is supplied) is divided into several types:
- pressure;
- injection.
The pressure apparatus supplies air inside the unit, as well as into the dispenser of the sand container. The air flow will move, and then the compressed gas will enter the hose with a nozzle. The nozzle will determine the shape, as well as the pressure of the jet. This type of machine is usually used to process large surfaces and can be used for many hours.
The injection apparatus differs in that sand and air will move through different hoses. As a result, a small pressure will be created, which is suitable for short-term work.
Using a gas cylinder
Very often, craftsmen make homemade sandblasting from a gas cylinder to clean large surfaces. The device is very reliable and durable. But you will need to carefully follow the instructions to avoid trouble.
To make such a design, the following parts must be used.
The nozzle, which is also called an injector, can be made independently, but, as mentioned above, it is advisable to buy a ready-made one good stuff. This is a very important part that will provide the necessary pressure in the device.
The nozzle can be bought ready-made or made with my own hands. To make your own nozzle, you need to take a metal rod that has a length of 30 mm and a diameter of 10 mm. Then we bore the inner hole to 2.5 mm for a length of 20 mm. The remaining part will be bored to a larger diameter - 6.5 mm.
When all the parts have been selected, you can proceed to the actual assembly of the device.
Equipment assembly sequence
Simplified design
It is not necessary to look for a large cylinder to make sandblasting. At home, you can build a mini-device from a plastic bottle, which has a volume of one and a half liters.
To make such a device you will need the following parts:
The compressor must supply air. This device is purchased ready-made.
The device is assembled as follows.
- We grind the body of the gun to the size of the nozzle. To do this you need to use a lathe.
- We connect the mixer tee and the body. One fitting is connected to the compressor. It will serve to move air. The other end of the tee is mounted with a nozzle to suck in air. We mount a bottle with abrasive to the third outlet.
- Compressed air must be supplied from the gun to the compressor.
- We place the tap between the tee and the bottle.
- The air movement will be carried out thanks to the handle from the spray gun, which is connected to the tee.
- To add abrasive, you need to cut off the top of the tank.
- Now we pull the trigger, resulting in a jet of sand being released onto the desired surface.
This device is not as durable as previous model, and therefore can be used for a short time and for small parts. He can last for about 20 or 30 minutes. In this option, you can use a ceramic nozzle.
Sandblasting chamber
To carry out sandblasting work with objects different sizes, you can also use a sandblasting chamber. Such a device will save abrasive material, since it will not fly apart in the air.
The entire apparatus is metal rectangular box. The structure is made from metal profile and thin wood. The front side of the tank is lined with steel sheets. The design is quite compact and can be placed on a table.
A viewing glass is usually made on one side. Holes with a diameter of 10 cm for gloves are made in the same wall. With the help of such gloves, you can stick your hands inside and perform the necessary manipulations. The bottom of the box is made of gratings. A tray is installed under the grate, onto which the abrasive will fall.
The camera is equipped with a pistol. It will ensure the release of abrasive material onto the surface of the workpiece. This suggests that the design should also have a hole for the hose. Air from the gun will flow through it. The sand hose is usually placed in a tank containing the abrasive. This is necessary in order to ensure a continuous process. Then the used sand will flow into the tank, from which the next cycle takes place.
On one side, a closing hatch is made through which parts are fed. To make everything comfortable and convenient, it is necessary to make lighting in the chamber, then the process will be non-stop. To process the part, we put our hands into the rubber gloves that are inside the chamber and use a sandblasting machine.
Using a self-made sandblasting machine, you can produce very good processing of any surface and part. But if the assembly is carried out incorrectly, there will be no effect. It is necessary to carry out the assembly strictly according to the instructions and drawings, only then can injury be avoided. It is advisable to buy high-quality spare parts for some structural elements, then the device will last a long time. As you can see, it’s not very difficult to make a homemade sandblasting machine with your own hands, you just need to find the materials and assemble everything correctly. Good luck.
