An artificial waterfall for the home and a real one for the garden. Imitation of water in bench modeling How to create a waterfall from PVA glue
Today we bring to your attention original idea for making a dry waterfall that will fit perfectly into the interior of the living room or children's room.
To create a decorative waterfall you will need:
Stones of different sizes;
Plate + napkin for decoupage;
Ground coffee;
Artificial greenery and flowers;
Glue for ceiling tiles- “Dragon”, “Titan”;
Decorative waterfall step by step:
Collect stones from the road (photo 1) and cover them with varnish (photo 2). Get it old plate and cover it with a napkin (photo 3-4). Do not decoupage the bottom and leave it white (photo 5).
Start slowly gluing the pebbles, building a wall-shaped slide from them (photo 6). Fill the gaps between the stones with ground coffee, and here and there insert artificial greenery and flowers.
After all the stones have been glued and the fountain has taken the shape you need, you begin to pour glue on top, creating “trickles of water.” An imitation of real water can be obtained from glue, which is used for gluing ceiling tiles - “Dragon”, “Titanium”, etc. (photo 8).
It is important to pour slowly enough, and in order for the simulated jets to harden well, pour the glue into any container in advance and let them thicken a little in the air.
But if the stream does not stay somewhere, return it to its place by screwing glue from the bottom onto any stick-twig (you can use makeup sticks, removing the cotton wool from them), you can use a knitting needle. Wind the glue onto the stick and drag it up to the desired place, and attach it there by rolling it on the stone and pressing the “trickle” to it.
You can also use shells or even crabs for decoration (as in this case).
Decorative waterfall is ready!
Materials and tools:
Polyurethane foam (any)
Glue "Titan"
Wood putty.
Acrylic paints.
Liquid nails “Fix All” (Cristal)
Toothpicks
Brush
Acrylic paints
Acrylate wood varnish
Small decorative stones.
Film
Gloves
A stationery (or any convenient) knife.
Plastic covers for notebooks.
I love waterfalls and I love looking at them and trying to draw them, but here I really wanted a home waterfall. But not the one where water flows (for some reason this is annoying...), but the most ordinary one.
I tried to film and describe the process of creating a home waterfall.
Take polyurethane foam (I took the most common one in a can for 100 rubles).
Lay on work surface oilcloth or film. Be sure to wear gloves
(rubber or medical), because the foam sticks very much to your hands and is difficult to wash off. Foam several “slides” on the film, spray the “slides” with a flower spray so that the foam “sets” faster. Wait until the top of the “slide” dries, remove it from the film (the bottom remains wet) and place the slides on top of each other so as you see your big mountain. Since the bottom has not yet dried, the slides “sit” on top of each other and immediately stick together.
Give the foam a day to “set.”
Cut out the base of the mountain from the resulting mass - cut off the excess from the sides using a knife, cut through caves and recesses.
Treat all surfaces and joints with putty. Let it dry for a day.
Paint the slide, walls and “bottom” of the waterfall first with dark brown, then light brown paint. Give the paint time to dry.
Spread the “Titanium” glue on the surface of the “mountain”, sprinkling the glue with small decorative pebbles. Cover with acrylic varnish. Dry overnight.
Paint the “bottom” of the waterfall and the places where the “water” flows with blue and white paints.
To simulate flowing water, the following was tested:
1. Liquid nails “Moment” Installation transparent..
The photo shows “transparency”, yeah. as they were opaque white, they remained so even after two days..
2. Liquid nails “AXTON” transparent. I didn’t like it, first of all, it had a very pungent, poisonous smell (as if a lot, a lot of vinegar had been mixed with something). So, the resulting “waterfalls” are a bit cloudy and ugly, a disgrace.
3. Liquid nails “Fix-All soludal, Crystal/ You can try others, but the word Crystal must be present.. Nails are expensive (we cost 370 rubles, but when you have the urge to do it, you can’t bear it..)
Take a napkin and make a “stencil” of the required length.
I bought a regular notebook cover for the imitation water backing. It is transparent with blue and this turned out to be just it.
Having prepared the stencils, place the cover on them.
Take liquid nails and “draw” stripes on the stencil with them, close to each other. Using a toothpick, smooth the surface of the strips with a zigzag line.
Leave to dry. But it’s better to leave it to dry like that. so that the dried nails take the desired shape. Cut the film along the contour of the waterfall, use a toothpick to pierce the film at the beginning of the “waterfall” and attach it to a convenient, convex surface.
Giving it time to dry" flowing water"And using the same nails, coat the recesses in the “mountain” and attach the blanks with a toothpick. Adjust “waterfalls” by adding stripes liquid nails, simulating the effect of flowing water.
Paint the surface of the waterfall with an almost dry white brush and white paint.
Wait for the “waterfalls” to dry completely and check that everything corresponds to what you planned. Place several decorative elements on the bottom, in my case these are white round decorative stones. In “liquid glass”, poured into any container that you don’t mind throwing away, add any blue dye (in this case I took soap dye) - 3-4 drops
Allow time to dry completely" liquid glass", depending on the thickness of the layer, this will range from two to four days.
Add a couple of strips of “liquid nails” at the base of the “waterfalls”, mix the applied strips with the dried “water”. Using a toothpick or bamboo stick, lift the sealant at the base of the “waterfall” with small sharp “waves”
Allow time to dry and paint the ends of the “waves” at the base of the waterfall with white paint.
That's it, the waterfall is ready...
A tabletop waterfall or floating cup will become decor for an aquarium or room. On your garden plot you can make a waterfall in your dacha.
Contents of the article:
A waterfall allows you to transform a corner of your apartment or summer cottage into natural. It’s nice to watch a man-made stream running and listen to its murmur. If you do not have a summer cottage, but have an aquarium, then knowledge on how to make a waterfall in it will be useful to you. Those who have their own hacienda can still practice creating one first. small device, and then make a waterfall at the dacha.
Decorative waterfall for an aquarium
It’s not for nothing that this subtitle has such a name, because a home stream is a worthy decoration for an aquarium.
Look at the principle of construction of such a waterfall. As you can see, it consists of simple objects. Due to the circulation of transparent and fine white sand, which drives the compressor, a very interesting effect is created.
To make this decor for an aquarium with your own hands, you will need:
- plastic bottle - volume 1.5 liters;
- dropper;
- plastic bottle - volume 0.5 liters;
- silicone sealant;
- plastic water pipe diameter 370 mm;
- water rubber hose diameter 120–300 mm;
- narrow tape;
- compressor;
Using sealant, glue the hose to the tube. Step back 3 cm from the bottom of the hose, do here sharp knife an incision 2 cm deep, 1 cm wide, oval in shape.
It was the turn of the 1.5 liter bottle. Cut off the threaded neck from it, then the next part just below the shoulders. You've got a kind of bowl. Place it on the rubber tube, securing it at the cut site.
Next, you need to bend the 3 ends of the plastic water pipe, fix them in this position with tape, winding it.
Now you need to carefully seal the joint between the hoses and the bowl with sealant, then step away from work and wait for the solution to dry completely. After this, you can proceed to the next stage. At the top of the hose, make an oval diagonal cut, 2.5 cm deep and 1 cm wide.
Glue the plastic tip from the dropper to the bottom of the tube; you need to be patient and wait for the solution to dry completely.
Only after this can the tube from the dropper be placed on the plastic tip, and the other edge of the tube must be connected to the compressor.
At this stage, you need to check if everything is working correctly by turning on the compressor. If you are satisfied, let's continue creating. To make a visor cover, you need to cut off the top plastic bottle volume 500 ml, remove the neck using a knife. You should end up with a funnel 3 cm high.
Make a cut on the side, attach this element to the top using sealant and narrow tape.
Please note that the visor from a small plastic bottle should not cover the upper section of the hose; air bubbles will subsequently escape through this hole.
All that remains is to decorate the waterfall by attaching pebbles to it using sealant. This is what you get.
To make your aquarium decor in the form of flowing sand make a lasting impression, you can purchase colored artificial sand. If this fails, choose a regular fraction so that it is not too small or large. In the first case, it will become too dispersed in different directions, and in the second, grains of sand can create a traffic jam and make it difficult for the waterfall to work.
DIY small stone stream at home
Check out another way to make a waterfall. This is how it might turn out as a result.
To do this you need to get this:
- small stones;
- sand;
- a platform, which could well be the lid of a small plastic bucket or even a jar of herring, a plastic saucer;
- tile adhesive;
- liquid nails “Fix All” or Titan glue;
- a small decorative jug;
- knitting needle;
- tile adhesive.
It is not necessary to buy stones; if you go for a walk in the snowy season, watch your step. Sometimes near the road, paths can be found very beautiful specimens. After you come home, wash them well, lay them out on a towel to dry, and at this time move on to another stage of the work.
Apply glue to the lid, sprinkle it with sand so that it sticks here. At the same time, it is necessary to arrange this not only top part lid, but also its rim.
If you use, for example, a plastic saucer, then its sides do not need to be covered. Bring glue over the sand and attach pebbles here. From the larger ones, make something like a rock. Place a small decorative jug on top, attaching it in the same way.
Let the tile adhesive dry, then pour Titanium adhesive into it. Pour it into the jug and wait 10 minutes. This is necessary for him to “grab it.” By winding its hardening fibers onto a knitting needle, give the waterfall the desired shape.
If you are using liquid nails, then first cut out a water pattern from paper, then cover it with this mass, wait until it dries. Then you can attach the falling water to the top of the work.
It seems as if it really is water, and the air bubbles give the work greater authenticity.
If you brought shells from the sea, then use them for your craft. Look at how to place them and where to attach the artificial greenery. Liquid nails or glue will create the impression of falling water.
If you don't have sand, then make the base of a waterfall with clear blue water. Place a cut piece of oilcloth or other rubberized material of the same color on the selected round container. Fill the top with glue, which will soon create the effect of an exotic lake.
If you want to make a rock for a waterfall, then take for this:
- polyurethane foam;
- sharp construction knife;
- acrylic paints;
- Titan glue;
- sand.
Now paint it with light brown paints, leaving free space where the streams will flow. Fill these places with blue paint. Glue sand onto some areas of the rock after the paint has dried. When the glue is completely dry, then you need to make falling water from liquid nails or Titanium, and another tabletop waterfall is ready.
Place a gold one next to it to create a nautical-themed corner in your home.
If you have suburban area, then there will certainly be a place to create a waterfall here. Here you can have a wonderful rest and enjoy the babbling of a man-made stream.
How to make a waterfall in your country house?
Step-by-step instructions and photo illustrations will help you understand the principle of its structure. The list of necessary items will facilitate the task of independently selecting information. To make this work use:
- sand;
- pebbles;
- quartzite;
- cement;
- granotsev;
- PVC film or fiberglass;
- reinforcing mesh;
- water pump;
- rubber hose.
Now you can pick up a shovel and dig a pit. But since you will be making a waterfall in your dacha, you need to build a hill. You will create it from dug up earth. To strengthen this slide and create a cascade, design it the way the brave altruists do in the photo.
Make a pit of sufficient depth. If you want to subsequently breed fish there, then it should not be less than a meter so that the water does not freeze in winter.
When constructing a recess, keep in mind that it will need to be filled with 10 centimeters of sand. It is spilled and compacted. Now you can lay waterproofing from the material of your choice on top.
There should be enough film so that it extends well onto the banks. Press her down here with rocks. When digging a pit, you need to make another small depression where you will place the polyethylene pipe.
If you want the lower part of the waterfall to have a strong film that won’t tear, then place a reinforcing mesh here and place a concrete solution 12–15 cm high on top. Let the bowl of the lake dry thoroughly.
Now look at how the water system will be arranged.
As you can see, there is a pump at the bottom, the cable and hose are brought to the surface. The cable will be connected to the network, the hose will need to be laid between the stones of the slide so that the water can rise and then flow down.
To do this, lay flat sandstone and pebbles in the form of a slide. This is what a beautiful cascading waterfall turns out to be.
If you don’t want to lay a film on the bottom of the trench or concrete the bowl, then use a ready-made container for ponds.
But first, you will also have to dig a ditch, then place a bowl here, and cover the junction of the reservoir with the soil from the outside with the excavated earth in order to close the boundaries of the lake.
Also place a pump here, connect a hose to it, the upper edge of which must be raised to a sufficient height, draped with stones to create a waterfall. You can put a garden fountain, it will turn out to be a very nice pond.
You can put it here aquatic plants V plastic pots. If you want, turn this place into alpine slide, combining stones with unpretentious mountain vegetation, then the principle of creation can be the same as in the next photo.
You will certainly find the following diagram useful, which shows in detail what an artificial waterfall consists of.
DIY floating cup
If the previous work seemed difficult to you, see how to make a waterfall so that it is in the apartment. Moreover, looking at some samples, you will see not only flowing water, but also floating flowers and even delicious chocolate and coffee icing that will pour out of the container onto a piece of cake.
Let's continue the topic we started, let's see how to create a floating cup with your own hands, from which an inexhaustible stream of water seems to flow.
To create such beauty, you will need:
- plate;
- transparent plastic bottle;
- cup;
- Titan glue;
- scissors.
Now, one by one, bring these parts to the burner flame to give this interesting shape. There should be flat petals at the top and bottom, which will then need to be glued to the cup and plate.
To do this, generously coat half of the bottle with Titan glue and glue it to the inside of the cup. Decorate the other half of the plastic bottle in the same way and glue it to the outside of the cup.
Now you need to fix the workpiece in the desired position using auxiliary objects so that it dries completely within two days. This is what happens.
Now you need to coat the plastic bottle blanks again with Titan glue. It’s better to first leave it in the air for 10 minutes, let it become a little thicker. But if there is still a lot of glue in the bubble, then it’s a pity to leave it to dry like that. In this case, you will need to pour Titanium onto the top of the plastic bottle, and lift up what drips down again using a spatula.
If you want the water to have a blue tint, add a little dye of that color to the glue.
Until the solution is completely dry, line the plate with shells and colored pebbles. In the same way, you can decorate the cup itself to create a homemade artificial waterfall.
Not only water can fall from such a container, but flowers can seem to flow out of it.
So that you can put this waterfall on your desktop and admire it, take:
- a coffee pair consisting of a saucer and a cup;
- glue gun;
- thick wire in a winding, length of the segment 20 cm;
- scissors;
- pliers;
- artificial flowers;
- for decoration: butterfly, beads, beads.
From artificial plants cut off their flowering part, starting from the bottom of the cup, glue them here first.
Next we decorate all the wire and saucer. If you want, you can glue decorations here.
If you want your home to smell deliciously like coffee, use the beans of this tree. But first, it’s better to decorate the mug and cup with jute rope, gluing it to these items in a spiral.
Also connect the coffee pair using thick wire in a winding, then glue the coffee beans here. Also, cinnamon sticks, which are used to decorate such a fragrant artificial waterfall, would be appropriate here.
Let's develop this delicious topic further. After all, this active flow can fall down, creating a chocolate cake. The first stages of work are similar to the previous master class, so we will not list them again. But you can go into more detail about creating a small cake.
For it you will need polystyrene foam, insulation or something similar. Place a cup-shaped mold here and cut out equal circles. To get a bevel, as if they had already started eating the cake, take a piece with a spoon, you need to cut holes in each, alternating them in size.
Place the workpieces in a stack; if the cut is uneven, correct it at this stage.
The sweetness consists of alternating soufflé and chocolate cake layers. To show this, paint the edges of the white blanks with black acrylic paint.
Glue the layers together. Then this cake can be covered with putty, sanded or a napkin glued to it. Then the paint will not be absorbed into the porous structure of the material and will lie flat. Apply dark sweetness acrylic paint.
Now you need to stick the second end of the wire that fastens the cup into the cake, bend it with reverse side in the form of a loop. To hide this auxiliary attribute, make a recess on the back of the cake and place a piece of wire there.
The cake will be even more appetizing if you cover it with a layer of acrylic varnish and sprinkle coconut shavings on top. If you want the plate to be decorated like in a restaurant, then fill a syringe with brown acrylic paints and draw a line of strokes. Glue the bottom of the wire, which is under the cake, to this plate.
Attach the bottom of the cake to this dish in the same way. Now with the help glue gun or Titan glue should be glued to the flowing waterfall of coffee beans. If you are using a glue gun, be very careful as the silicone coming out of it is hot.
To make a buildable chocolate glaze, mix acrylic varnish and brown acrylic paint in a one-to-one ratio. Cover the spaces between the coffee beans and themselves with this substance. When it all dries, you can admire the results of the wonderful work.
Here's how many interesting things you can do with a waterfall theme. If you want to make one at your dacha, then watch the video tutorial. From it you will learn some of the subtleties of the process, for example, you will learn how to glue flat stones.
The second plot will be useful to those who do not have personal plot, but there is a desire to make a waterfall.
The third will reveal the secret of how to make a floating cup with your own hands.
source: http://women-on-line.ru/publ/kukolnaja_miniatjura/imitacija_vody_v_kukolnykh_miniatjurakh/59-1-0-514
Imitation of water in doll miniatures
Typically, miniaturists use epoxy resin to simulate water and other liquids. If you have seen various drinks, shiny sauces on food, raw eggs, soups or other liquids in puppet miniatures, and have also seen beautiful water effects in railroad or landscape scenes, you may have looked at epoxy resin products.
When you prepare this mixture, it will harden, become shiny and durable. It can be poured in several layers to create the effect of deep water.
Only a layer of 3 or 6 mm of material can be poured at a time. You won't be able to fill one thick layer this material. For example, deep water can only be done in several layers.
What is two-part clear epoxy resin?
Two component clear epoxy resin is glossy finish, obtained from a mixture of epoxy resin and hardener. You can buy it in hardware stores and construction supermarkets. The main use of the material is a long lasting and high shine after it hardens. Two-component epoxy resin is sold in a set (two jars: one with hardener and the other with epoxy resin). When these two components are mixed in equal quantities, the mixture heats up, then becomes gel-like, and then completely hardens.
Paints, dyes and fillers can be added to the mixture to simulate colors and textures. Paints must be suitable for working with epoxy resin. Other dyes may react with the epoxy and destroy its normal properties.
Safe work
It is necessary to work with epoxy resins only in a well-ventilated area. You should avoid inhaling the fumes (epoxy resin fumes are much lighter than fumes from other chemicals used to simulate water), and it is advisable to wear gloves and safety glasses when handling epoxy resin to protect your hands and eyes from accidental splashes. The product is sold with accessible instructions for safe use.
This is not a product that can be used by children. Therefore, bottles with epoxy resin and hardener should be kept away from children.
Rubbing alcohol or regular alcohol can be used to remove spilled liquid resin from surfaces and tools.
Mixing
The two ingredients must be completely mixed together in one container (which should be thrown away after use). The material from which the container is made should not react with the epoxy. Good for working with miniatures small ones fit plastic cups with measuring marks (for example, these are sold with cough syrup) in which you can mix the two components of the resin. If you don’t have anything like that on hand, you can also use disposable syringes to measure required quantity material.
Epoxy resin needs to be mixed by carefully measuring exact quantity resin and hardener (1:1). This option is also possible: you measure the required amount of epoxy resin, pour it into disposable cup, and then add hardener to another glass to the same level.
When you have two equal portions, you pour the epoxy resin into the container with the hardener and thoroughly mix the two components with a wooden stick.
Then, once the ingredients are well mixed in the container, you pour them back into the container that held the epoxy resin to ensure that you have used equal amounts of the ingredients and that whatever is left at the bottom of the first container is completely used.
Removing Bubbles
Mixing epoxy resin and hardener will cause bubbles to form. If you blow on the mixture, the bubbles will burst due to the presence of carbon dioxide. If you will be filling small bottles, jars, glasses or jugs, let the epoxy sit for a few minutes to allow the gases to escape before pouring it into the container in which it will cure.
Working conditions
Most epoxy resin manufacturers indicate in the instructions a time of approximately 30 minutes until the resin becomes gel-like (this time depends on the room temperature). Most two-part epoxy mixtures cure in approximately 8 hours at 21°C. But they cannot be used when the room humidity is around 50%, otherwise they may become foggy. The material has a shelf life of at least a year if stored in a tightly sealed container. Epoxy resin products will turn yellow if exposed to direct sunlight.
Simulate liquid using two-component clear epoxy resin
Epoxy resin settles in flat surface. It slowly stretches down the walls of the vessel. To simulate still water, you will need to apply a final leveling to its surface to remove the “sticking out” edges that form as the mass flows down the walls.
Plan your work carefully. You may need to glue the pieces together before pouring the resin into the jar. You may also need to add details with each layer (for example, to make a realistic environment with fish or tadpoles on at different levels, jars of fruits or vegetables that do not sink to the bottom).
If you're thinking of making a simulation of melting jelly, ice cream, or a spilled drink, let epoxy resin become gel-like before pouring it. This will give you a thicker layer than if you poured it straight after mixing.
To create a wet mark or puddle effect, but with the understanding that you will then need to remove this effect from the surface, pour resin onto a bendable plastic surface. Tear the plastic away from the "puddle" and then place the "puddle" on the floor in dollhouse without spilling resin on the floor.
There are other products that are better suited to the running water effect, and most of them can be combined with hardening two-part clear epoxy resin.
Tips and tricks
Epoxy resins will not come out of shape easily. Do not use them to make jelly dolls or other things that need to be removed from molds.
Improper mixing will result in the epoxy resin not curing. Measure well before mixing.
When filling a small-necked container, fill it drop by drop from the tip of a pin or toothpick. Or use a disposable pipette or syringe.
Avoid working in cold and damp room, otherwise the resin may become cloudy.
Use special paints for working with epoxy resin. Compatible paints are clear or translucent, and colors can be mixed.
Some plastic parts may dissolve in epoxy resin. Check to see if paints or bases will be damaged by resin before working with them.
So, at home we found:
1. Acrylic varnish, transparent, glossy.
2. Glue Moment Crystal.
3. Parquet varnish, colorless, glossy.
4. Glue BF-6, medical
5. Children's stained glass paints (well, on glass they are almost transparent)
6. Silicone sealant, transparent
7. Liquid nails (It seems like a moment), also a transparent option.
8. Titan glue (I bought it while I was looking for epoxy, just in case)
The containers are wire spools, the thickness of the poured layer is approximately 5mm (to the edges).
Photo after pouring and photo after 5 days (which has dried)) During the pouring process, I sprinkled all sorts of glitter, beads, and tried to tint it with stained glass paints. In general, see for yourself what happened (there are a lot of photos))))
Acrylic varnish. Colorless (when it dries), I threw the beads on the bottom, I didn’t risk tinting it (let the transparent layer dry first!).
It turned out to be garbage... :(There were some holes left. The varnish itself did not become transparent. Plus it dried out twice as much. Yes, it took three days to dry...
Moment crystal. It poured beautifully, mixed well with the stained glass paint, but there were a lot of bubbles inside (I don’t think it was from my mixing with the paint, it’s just the moment), I threw in a bead.
Dried quickly. The next day was dry. As the bubbles dried, all half a centimeter of glue dried into a thin bubble film in the shape of the container))) Well, if you imitate swamp mud))))
Parquet varnish... Well, apparently it is colorless on parquet)))) It mixed well with sparkles and beads, did not become cloudy, there was no reaction.
I didn’t make friends with stained glass paint; it turned out to be a cloudy substance (in the upper right compartment). But the droplets of paint (if you don’t mix them) fell very beautifully (in the photo, blue, like beads - this is stained glass paint)
Oooooh... it's still drying.... 5 days is not a long time. Although you can pick at the top with your fingernail :) but it’s still soft inside.
The color is not colorless. During the drying process, some large air bubbles appeared. Droplets of paint spread (looks very nice in reality). In principle, I liked it. If not yellow, then it could be poured in several layers.
In general, there is something to dream about).
By the way, it hasn't dried out very much. The level fell by 1/4 of the initial volume.
Glue BF-6, regular, medical. In general, I really liked it - it mixed well with the paint, there were no bubbles. The bead is not visible)))
Dried for two days. Dried into a charming film))) In general, it’s not suitable for a lake, but it might work for some other crafts (in our country they make trees from PVA)
Stained glass paints. Too dark... Apparently that's why they are stained glass, so that they can be applied to transparent products...
It took three days to dry. It turned out very interesting, but not suitable for the lake. But some kind of puddle can be depicted) After drying, the volume did not change much.
Transparent liquid nails (left) and transparent silicone sealant (right). They refused to use stained glass paint))) It became clumps in the sealant, and they didn’t even pour it into the nails...
Bottom line: if the sealant can also roll under the water surface (slightly cloudy), then another use can be found for the nails (they are not particularly transparent with such a layer after five days, maybe dry it yet?)
The volume hasn't changed at all.
Dry for three or four days. The volume has decreased by half. The sparkles partially dissolved into bubbles (apparently some kind of reaction took place). The result was a translucent bubbly mass. Looks nicer in reality than in the photo. The glue that I added along the edges dried normally. In principle, if you pour carefully, you can avoid bubbles. It is better to pour it in several layers (after drying the previous one)
