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Do-it-yourself relief modeling on the walls. Creating a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands: master class. Attaching the finished bas-relief to the wall

28.06.2019 0

How to make a bas-relief with your own hands on the wall step by step

Originality and beauty have always had a special place in the interior design of premises. The bas-relief on the wall is a convex design that is only half in volume. The sophistication and creativity of the decor is due to correct location on the surface of the fragments.

Stone or wood carving, as an element of interior decoration, appeared many centuries ago. Half protruding volumetric decor can depict any animate or inanimate object.

In the art of creating sculptures, there are two concepts: bas-relief and high relief. Their main difference is in the height of the figures. For example, if a fragment protrudes from the surface a little more than half of its volume, this is a high relief. In addition, the high relief elements are much higher, and some of them can be free-standing.

The bas-relief fits organically into the interior in any lighting (except very dim). High relief, on the contrary, requires only diffused light.

Advantages and disadvantages of bas-relief on the wall

Like other types finishing works, the relief on the wall has its advantages and disadvantages. Among the special advantages is the ability to create images in almost any room. If all standards are observed in the process of drawing up and applying decorative ornaments, you can:

• Mask errors in the wall, including significant differences;
• You can create a whole panel and thereby occupy an empty wall;
• Visually zone the room;
• The ability to create unique compositions;
• Individual interior with special charm;
• If desired, the entire process can be carried out independently, without resorting to the services of a specialist.

Among the main disadvantages:

• Having some experience, creativity and at least basic skills as an artist;
• The process is labor-intensive, meticulous in drawing and performing the smallest details, which is why most often all work is entrusted to craftsmen. The cost of such work is quite high.

But still, if you have a lot of information with step-by-step instructions, you can create a high relief on the wall yourself. There would be desire and time.

The main types of materials from which the bas-relief is made

Initially, only stone or wood were used to create compositions. Modern choice materials are much wider. Today's elements can be built manually or casting. For a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands, almost any material that can be cut or sculpted is suitable; it can be suitable for pouring into the appropriate form:

• Gypsum;
• Limestone;
• Clay;
• Polymer compounds;
• Stone;
• Tree;
• Decorative and other similar compositions.

To artificially add age to elements, patina is applied to them. To give additional volume, they are coated with bronze or gold plated. At the same time, the bas-relief looks harmonious with forged iron and stone. That’s why fireplaces are often decorated with such decor.

Main types of designs for bas-relief

The first images of the bas-relief had to contain a human figure in their composition. This attribute is currently optional. The thematic focus, as well as the number of panels, dimensions depend on the total area of ​​the room.

These can be subject compositions that occupy an entire wall or only a small corner. Previously it was assumed that relief three-dimensional images are relevant only for classic styles with their inherent soft lines and elaborate details. Several types of images are popular.

Nature (landscape)

This type of bas-relief is relevant not only for classics, art nouveau, modern, empire or rococo, but also for modern trends design. You can depict small area forests or think over the seascape. These include coral fields, schools of fish, algae, and the image of a newt.

Sakura

The bas-reliefs of sakura on the wall belong to the Japanese flavor, which can be complemented by images of dragons. Branch cherry blossoms looks organically on the floors of the hallway and kitchen. The whole tree has a bright personality. The living room especially benefits from this composition.

Rose

The association with flowers is immediately evoked by the bas-reliefs of roses on the wall. There are a great many options for its use, as well as varieties of flowers. In the bedroom with classic design Relief panels with lush tea roses would be appropriate, not forgetting to paint them in the appropriate color. A scattering of small little roses will suit any room. Having chosen the right shade, such an ornament looks good with materials such as stone or textured brick.

Vine

Grapevine ornament emphasizes sophistication Italian style. It can be used to decorate columns or empty niches. Vine white looks good on painted walls and vice versa, a colored vine will serve as an accent on a white surface.

Apple trees

A bas-relief tree on the wall is equally suitable for any room. However, given its size, you need to treat the hallway with special care. A volumetric bas-relief in this part of the house can visually reduce the already small area of ​​the room.

And other possible options

The application of three-dimensional drawings on walls can have different themes. It all depends on skills and practical experience masters. The larger the panel with small details, the more complex and painstaking the work.

Necessary materials and tools for creating a bas-relief on the wall

To sculpt the walls in an apartment with your own hands, you will need specialized tools that can be purchased in stores for artistic creativity or construction markets. Experts advise choosing a ball, or rather half of it, as a container for mixing the solution. By turning it inside out, you can save time scraping and cleaning up the previous batch and preparing the next batch. In addition, it is very convenient to collect the solution from such a container, since it has no corners.

Palette knives are special spatulas in the form of spatulas of different shapes. To create some bas-relief elements, for example, a vine, you will need convex and concave palette knives. They cost more, so craftsmen often replace them with ordinary spoons of different configurations and volumes (coffee, tea, dessert, tablespoons).

Plastic spoons are easy to use. A little heat will help give the handle holder the desired shape.

As a rule, an aluminum spoon serves as the main tool, and a plastic spoon serves as an auxiliary one. An artist's knife is used to create fine texture in the image. Its analogue can be a regular shoe knife.

A pastry syringe with attachments, as well as a medical syringe that helps create very fine lines. Additionally, you will need 2 flat brushes and 2 round brushes. Before each intake of the next portion of the mixture, instruments (except syringes) are first dipped in water.

Preparatory work before creating a bas-relief on the wall

At the preliminary stage, it is important to prepare the surface for the process. The wall should be cleaned of the previous coating. Leaving a layer of putty, prime and let dry thoroughly. In order to give additional strength to the bas-reliefs, self-tapping screws are inserted two-thirds in thicker areas. Flower petals and other similar parts are prepared from foam plastic (cardboard or salt dough) in advance, after which they are carefully treated with a primer.

Make the solution according to the included instructions. At this stage, it is very important to know the characteristics of a particular mixture. How long does it take for it to set, can dyes be added to it, and so on. If the bas-relief contains elements with a convexity of 10 millimeters or more, you need to make a wire frame (reinforcement). For the manufacture of various elements use ready-made forms. If they are not commercially available, you can make them yourself.

Stages of creating a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands

Craftsmen advise beginners to use ready-made cast parts, which only need to be attached to the surface. You can also form a convex pattern using a template.

• A drawing is applied to the surface with a simple pencil. Without any special creative skills, you can use ready-made stencils, drawings applied to tracing paper, after which it is drawn on the surface with a marker. You can also outline the contours with a toothpick;
• After the mixture has set, it is necessary to apply the outline of the ornament. Only after this is the volume increased. The putty should be applied to individual areas. Each subsequent layer is applied only after the previous one has completely dried;

In some cases, it is necessary to create an in-depth image. It can be done in two ways:

1. Add a background layer around the image. At the end the background is sanded.
2. Make recesses corresponding to the image using a chisel or chisel.

• Covering the surface with ordinary transparent film, if necessary, draw details;
• After the finished relief image has dried, it is painted in the desired shades;
• Use sandpaper to remove unnecessary irregularities.

Features of creating bas-relief from different materials

Each material has its own processing characteristics. In interiors, plaster or wood is most often used.

Made from wood

To create a bas-relief from wood, in addition to the source material, you will need slightly other materials. Conical and end cutters. The first cutter is used for finishing the blade, the second - for rough work. For dimensional panels, high-precision equipment is used, including special programs.

From plaster

Gypsum is a very malleable material with good technical characteristics. Masters advise beginners to start with plaster. With the correct proportions, the solution is homogeneous with good adhesion.

Attaching the finished bas-relief to the wall

In case of use finished bas-relief, it must be attached to the wall or to a sheet of drywall. The second option is applicable if you plan to make the bas-relief removable.

It is necessary to create a single conglomerate between the image and the base, removing any errors. To attach a separate picture, you will need a special tile adhesive. If the image is large, then it is fixed using self-tapping screws and nails. The finished panel should be sanded using sandpaper. After cleaning all seams and depressions, the surface is primed and painted with water-based paint.

Creating such decor is initially difficult. It requires skill, patience and perseverance. To ensure high-quality images, you need to strictly follow the application technology. Otherwise, the structure will not be able to dry completely and will soon collapse.

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Bas-relief on the wall was used in ancient times as an element of decoration of premises and products. They decorated buildings, halls and different rooms. IN modern world bas-relief on the wall has found its home as an excellent wall decor in the interior of apartments and houses. In this article we will look at another interesting view wall decoration. A bas-relief on the wall with your own hands can embellish any interior. The main thing is to know the basic principles and step-by-step steps of applying it to the wall.

Using bas-relief wall decoration, you can decorate an empty wall in your home in a very original and exclusive way. Recreated paintings or panels on the walls using the bas-relief technique look great. The decoration of walls near fireplaces with bas-relief patterns is very common. Bas-relief on the wall illuminated spotlights, creates a 3D visualization of the picture, and if you use designer ones, then the entire picture of the room may change beyond recognition.

If we compare the bas-relief on the wall with, then the bas-reliefs are not always made using any paints. If the lighting and in general are organized correctly, then highlighting the bas-relief with color will not be required. The volume of the picture is visible due to the play of light.

Functional tasks of the bas-relief

In addition to aesthetics and decorative purposes, the bas-relief on the wall also performs a certain number of functional tasks:

1. Hides uneven walls;
2. Decorates engineering communications;
3. Visual adjustment of space;
4. Zoning of space.

When three-dimensional drawing and decorative painting are combined properly, very original and effective decorative elements are obtained. And despite all these merits, bas-relief on the wall is rarely used to decorate interiors. The main reason for such low demand for this decorative element lies in the high cost.
The reason for the high pricing lies in hand technology construction of all bas-relief elements. As a result, erecting a bas-relief on the wall of your house will require a lot of effort and money. But there are several ways to recreate a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands. We read about this further.

Creating a bas-relief with your own hands

In order to make a bas-relief yourself, you will need the following material:

• Gypsum;
• Plaster (gypsum based);
• Alabaster;
• Clay.

Let's take a step-by-step look at the whole process of creating a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands

First stage

First you need to prepare a form for the future relief. To do this, you need to choose a box of suitable dimensions, it can be a box of candies, or a frame glued to the glass. If you have a large bas-relief design in mind, you can put together a box from plywood with low sides yourself. The size of the box will depend on the expected dimensions of the future relief.

Second phase

When the shape for the relief is created, it will need to be covered with polyethylene. Take plastic film and cover it all over inner surface box. Make sure that the polyethylene does not form folds, they can leave a mark on the bas-relief part itself.

Third stage

If you are working with bas-reliefs for the first time, then it is best to use gypsum and gypsum plaster as a solution. Prepare a solution from the material according to the instructions described on the package. In the case where the relief element is supposed to be quite high, it is necessary to reinforce the hardening solution. To do this, insert several wire ropes into the bottom of the mold.

Fourth stage

Fill the prepared pan with the diluted mixture. Leave the material to dry until the mixture has set a little. This time may vary for each type of material, so discuss this detail with the seller in advance.

Fifth stage

Now we begin to recreate the future bas-relief drawing. After completing the previous steps, we have a gypsum board. It is necessary to apply a drawing of the future relief to this slab and recreate its exact contour. Next, prepare the mixture again and apply it to the stove according to the contour. We gradually build up the relief layer by layer, always allowing the previous layer to dry a little.

The plaster should always be damp. Therefore, prepare the solution in small portions so that it does not have time to harden before applying it to the stove. If excess material appears during work, feel free to remove it with a stationery knife. In principle, the entire resulting relief can be edited using a chisel and wood sanding cutters.

ATTENTION! “Before the material is completely dry, sand it. Since it will be very difficult to grind in a frozen state!”

Examples of bas-reliefs on the wall

To learn the process of creating a bas-relief on a wall with your own hands, more clearly. Must see specific examples. Let's look at examples of two popular volumetric decor, in the form of a Lily and a Tulip. When you see a clear plan of action for recreating a specific bas-relief, it will be easier for you to recreate your original drawing, based on the steps below.

Bas-relief – “Lily”

First stage. The wall on which the bas-relief “Lilies” will be located must be protected with masking tape. Apply the tape to the entire surface of the wall where the bas-relief will be located.

Second phase. Next, we cover the pasted section of the wall with putty. After the putty has completely dried, apply a primer on top. We recommend using primer paint for this purpose; it has a rough effect after drying. This quality allows for much better retention of subsequent layers.

Third stage. After the primer is completed, apply a layer of Marseilles wax to the wall. You can use a trowel for this. Wax drying time is from 3 to 4 hours.

Fourth stage. Apply to the prepared wall surface cling film and secure it only at the top, so that the film can be lifted at any time. Next, right on the surface of the film, we begin to draw a sketch of the lily.

Fifth stage. Now you need to apply Marseilles wax to the wall under the film, exactly along the contour of the lily sketch. For this you will need a trowel and a palette knife.

Since the wax is white, we will need to highlight it with a different color so that we can later see the silhouette of the sketch. To do this, cover the dried wax, slightly colored with water. After this coloring, the sketch of the lily will stand out visually on the wall.
In order for the bas-relief to be made with high quality and the relief design to be realistic, it is necessary to do all the work step by step and carefully.
When the shape of the future bas-relief “Lily” is given, we begin painting it. Prepare acrylic paint according to the manufacturer's instructions and apply it to the completely dry bas-relief.
Each paint has its own drying time, but on average this process lasts no more than 8 hours. After the acrylic paint has dried, proceed to finishing bas-relief surface.
Use ottocento as a finishing touch. Using a brush, apply the composition to the entire surface of the bas-relief in two layers, drying each one in turn.

Bas-relief – “Tulips”

The work on creating a bas-relief from “Tulips” goes through the same stages as with “Lily”:

1. Apply plaster and primer;
2. Cover with Marseille wax;
3. Drawing a sketch on cling film;
4. Applying a bas-relief according to a sketch;
5. Cover with a finishing coat of ottocento.

To make your tulip buds look as realistic as possible, shape each bud by hand. Wipe the surface of the bud with a damp sponge, then the buds will be smooth.
The process of creating a bas-relief on a wall with your own hands is not an easy task and is very painstaking. However, at the finish line you will receive unique decor on the wall, which will not only decorate the entire interior of the room, but also perform a number of technical functions described above.

Beautiful bas-reliefs to you!

Video lessons: DIY bas-relief on the wall.

For more clear example watch several videos on the topic of creating a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands:

empstenup/ February 14, 2016 / /

You can always do the finishing work yourself. This applies not only to situations where you simply want to save on the services of specialists. Our master class will help you make a high-quality bas-relief on the wall with your own hands.

In the video, in addition to the master class, you will see a lot of tips and important points from a professional. Be sure to watch it so you don't make mistakes.

Drawing

To complete the work you will need the following tools: wallpaper glue, primer High Quality. First you need to remove all old coatings from the wall on which you plan to apply the image. Next we perform drying and priming. First we make a pencil sketch on the wall. Beginners are not recommended to immediately start drawing complex pictures.

Tropical vegetation and birds of paradise are suitable for practicing skills. You can use the cell enlargement technique if you have little to no skills. We draw squares both on the wall section itself and on the drawing. We transfer all the lines gradually, one by one. The main thing is to remember what image scale is chosen, even when it comes to small details.

Relief creation

Spatulas made of rubber and metal will help completely clean the future work surface. And the drawing itself must be covered with so-called polymer putty. It is necessary to fill certain areas with plastic mass. It's not that hard to do. The main thing here is the ability to give the material the desired relief, convexity according to all the rules. You need to start with a rough application of putty. Then you have to wait a little until the future drawing dries. At the next stage, we adjust the shapes and details. The same material is used for smoothing.

The bas-relief on the wall is carefully processed with sandpaper after it has completely hardened. Perfect solution– use of fine and medium fractions. A large one will also be needed, but it is used when it is necessary to bring ready-made form to perfection.

Types of bas-relief

The most popular materials are clay and gypsum, wood and marble.. Casting from bronze or alabaster - more difficult option. It requires professionalism and a certain skill. Only a master can do the job.

The images themselves also become important factors to divide into categories. The ornamental type involves drawing patterns. It's not that difficult to make them. Scene pictures are a higher class of images. There are other varieties. For example, multifaceted compositions, a flattened class, and images with animals stand out. The best drawing for a specific room will be created by a master.

Each group has its own characteristics. Additionally, various effects are created. You can often see plaster images of birds and plants, fruits and flowers. Pictures with people and others symbols also occur, but they are more often acquired in finished form rather than doing it on their own. They are either mounted on the walls or inserted into special niches.

Features of drawing

There are certain rules for creating a composition. Not only a master, but also a beginner can fulfill these conditions.

• A frame is assembled from materials.

• Cover the entire mold with cling film or polyethylene. The main thing is that the flooring remains level. Wrinkles should be eliminated wherever possible.

• The solution is poured into the mold and wait until it dries.

• The contours of the drawing are drawn using cutters. The tool must be of a suitable shape.

It is necessary to prepare the surface if the design is applied to it immediately. Old coatings and dirt must be completely absent. The primer is applied when the wall is perfectly level. This also needs to be done carefully.

You can sketch future images while the material dries. Printing pictures on a printer in parts is an excellent option for transferring small parts. Each part is transferred to a special film. Contour lines are drawn as soon as the surface is ready. This helps to bring the entire composition together into a single whole.

Relief creation

After the mold has completely dried and the outline has been applied, this stage is started if the panel is created separately from the wall. The volume is increased from the newly prepared mixture. Apply several layers and wait until they dry. The background is leveled and sanded when the required depth is achieved.

In two stages, a relief is created when drawing on the wall. First they make a draft. Then fill with the mixture necessary elements. Excess trimmings are removed. After this, the rough layer should dry out a little. Then small elements are finalized.

Installation of bas-relief (stage by stage)

A pre-prepared picture is attached to the wall using wallpaper or tile adhesive. Apply it to the tile and wall at the same time. Self-tapping screws or nails help cope with especially heavy structures. It is important that they protrude only 2/3 of the width.
Method of recessing into the wall - optimal solution, if the structure weighs too much. The panel can be placed in a special niche. The seams must be plastered and primed.

The following is done with bas-reliefs made directly on the wall:

• We carefully plaster the bas-relief, when he's ready. The material class does not matter.

• Carefully clean all seams and depressions from dust. The process requires a responsible approach and care.

• We prime the bas-relief using a special brush.

• The relief is covered with paint, representing high class.

The best solution is water-based varieties. White paint suitable if you do not intend to use several colors at once. Protruding elements are also processed.

2Video about creating a bas-relief

Bas-relief work (28 photos)

Often like this design technique usually used for decorating private houses, where the layout includes. In this case, the decor can act not only in the form, but also as a pattern that surrounds the fireplace. In addition, this interior decoration will look great in door and window openings, the main thing here is to choose the right size and texture. Aerobatics is a decorative bas-relief, which will include the presence of lighting. It will make the images more voluminous, creating the impression of 3D graphics.

An important point in using relief decor on the wall is that it does not necessarily require the presence of various colors, as happens in the case of ordinary painting. The main thing here is to choose the lighting wisely; this will allow you to highlight different edges of the image, using only artificial lighting as shown in the photo.

There is a misconception that decorating a house with elements of bas-relief inserts is too expensive. In fact, how to make a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands is quite accessible for beginners. Enough to follow clearly step by step guide, which is presented below. It is supplemented with a video that will allow you to answer many questions that arise during the work.

DIY bas-relief master class for beginners

People who are far from renovation often mistakenly think that such artistic decor is a prefabricated structure, the elements of which are cast from plaster. In fact, it is made by hand, and in essence is a truly original and unique work of art. Each bas-relief is unique in itself, even if the same sketch is used to create it. In principle, creating a three-dimensional drawing on the wall requires certain skills and abilities, as well as careful adherence to technology, however, even beginners can cope with the task.

First you need to decide on the material to create the decor. IN this process can be used various options, for example, plaster, gypsum, alabaster and even clay. However, if you are new to this activity, it is better to start working exclusively with plaster. As a last resort, use gypsum-based plaster.

Master class Do-it-yourself bas-relief of a flower from gypsum putty video

After choosing the material, you should begin to create the so-called base, in which the decorative bas-relief on the wall will be created. To do this you need to collect wooden box with low sides, which will require several slats and plywood as a bottom. The dimensions of the resulting box will coincide with the dimensions of the future decor; this should be taken into account when assembling it. Any box that has rigid walls and a base can replace the box.

The base of the box should be covered with film, and it is necessary that there are no folds on it, or you should try to keep their number to a minimum. Then you need to start preparing the solution, which should be carried out exclusively according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The finished solution is poured into the mold. For tall designs you will need reinforcement wire. After pouring the mixture into the box, leave it alone for initial drying; the duration of this period depends entirely on the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Bas-relief in the interior photo in the apartment

Now you can proceed directly to making the bas-relief with your own hands. The main condition here is to create the outline of the future ornament, which then needs to be filled with a mixture, which in turn will be prepared anew. The volume of future decor should be increased step by step, while allowing each previous layer to dry thoroughly. You can draw contours on the surface using a film, covering the surface with it, after which the film is removed.

Master class for beginners Wood bas-relief video

Plaster would be a very good material, since it is very convenient to work with it while it is wet. Due to the pliability of the material, it will be quite possible to remove excess plaster, as well as adjust the shape of the future pattern. Also, plaster that is not dry enough is easily sanded. You should not try to perform several layers at once, since hardening of each segment is a prerequisite.

In addition, the guide to "creating wall art for beginners" includes the ability to create recesses in the future wall panel. The recess is created in two available ways:

• Cutting through the material and removing some of it from the finished model using a chisel.
• Building up the background around a certain point, which ends up being lower.

Most often, a flower is chosen as the basis for the image on the bas-relief, usually a lily or a tulip. Creating a lily with your own hands may initially seem like too difficult a task, but in fact, even a beginner can do this process. It is important to follow every step of the process, which guarantees the creation of a successful relief.

Bas-relief paintings on the walls design photo

Often, lilies are applied directly to the wall, without creating a base in the form of a box. In this case, it is imperative to completely cover the remaining elements of the interior using masking tape to avoid damage. Next, the future base of the drawing must be covered with putty, and then, after waiting for it to dry, apply a primer. It is advisable to use the so-called primer paint as a primer, because due to its properties it allows you to obtain maximum adhesion to the elements of the decorative bas-relief in the future. This composition dries in about three hours.

Marseilles wax is applied with a trowel, which is a quickly hardening material suitable for the starting step. Using a film secured over the entire surface of the future bas-relief, details should be drawn. When securing the film, do not forget to be able to bend it freely; to do this, one edge should be left free.

Bas-relief on the wall in the interior photo in the apartment

Initially, you can outline the outline of the future drawing on the film using a marker. After that, having peeled back the film, you should follow the resulting marks to draw the future lily using the same Marseilles wax, which will be the most successful material if the painting is done directly on the wall, without using a backing.

Usually the wax used in the work is white. To diversify the bas-relief, you can subsequently cover the frozen flower with a certain composition. However, the main task of the master is to give the bas-relief maximum realism. As a final layer decorative finishing lilies can be used acrylic paints. We must not forget about the finishing layer, which must be used to draw each element of the composition.

Master class on how to create a flower on the wall video lesson

As you can see from the guide above, a bas-relief on a wall is an interesting, but labor-intensive process to create it with your own hands. Beginning craftsmen will need a little perseverance and attention, as well as strict adherence to technology. The important thing here is to stock up on attention and the necessary tools.

I want to make my home beautiful and original. Most reliable way- unique homemade jewelry. One of the very interesting ways- bas-relief on the wall. This is a three-dimensional image sculpted from plaster or any other similar material. Gypsum in its pure form is used very rarely - it hardens too quickly, not allowing time for processing. Most often, gypsum plaster mixtures are used. They come with additives that make the job easier. Make it voluminous with them wall panel you can do it yourself even without experience.

General technology for creating bas-relief

To make a bas-relief on a wall, you must first prepare it: clean it, level it. You can start working on a flat and completely dry surface. When you are planning to make large bas-reliefs, it is advisable to prime the wall - for better adhesion of the composition to the wall.

The bas-relief on the wall can be of varying degrees of complexity. This one is difficult. It's clearly too much for beginners. But you know what can be done in the future

For the first experience, it is better to start with small products - such as medallions (round or square) with simple relief images. As a basis for such products, it is best to take moisture resistant. You can make a frame under it (from a profile, for example). In this form, the volumetric composition can be moved from place to place. This makes it easier to master the basics of technology.

This is all the technology in general outline. There are nuances that are worth dwelling on separately. The first concerns the application of a starting layer of putty on the walls and transfer of the design. In more complex compositions, the bas-relief on the wall begins with transferring the contours of the design. Do this using a pencil or chalk (if you know how to draw) or using a printed the right size image and carbon copy placed on it. Then we cover the places where we will apply putty with primer (for better adhesion), and then using palette knives (small spatulas of different shapes) we apply the first layer of material. The further sequence of actions is similar to that described.

Materials for creating a bas-relief

The most common question among beginners is: what putty is best to use for making bas-relief? In principle, any finishing gypsum putty will do. Each master has his own favorite brands and compositions. Here are a few to recommend:

• Knauf Uniflot. Very durable and flexible. It can be used to form a deep relief - it will not fall off even without reinforcement. Disadvantage: expensive.
• Fugen. A little less durable, a little worse to cut. Much cheaper than Knauf Uniflot (almost three times). You can also make a relief without any problems.
• PUFAS. This is a gypsum putty with cellulose fiber. Processing time is about 60 minutes, applied in a layer of any thickness, cuts well, and is easy to sand.
• “Rotband” for the lower layers and “Shitrock” for the upper ones.
• "Akryl Putz" (Poland). Ready-made acrylic putty. It is good because it “sets” slowly; it takes an hour or more to work on the details (depending on the humidity in the room).

In addition, impregnations are required. They are selected based on the starting characteristics of the material. There are compounds that strengthen crumbling materials, penetrating deeply and binding particles of materials to each other. This is necessary, since gypsum panels weigh a fair amount and create additional load. Without preliminary preparation, they can fall off from unstable foundations. You can use moisture-protective primer concentrate from PUFAS. It is suitable for all mineral substrates, including wood and wood-based panels. The moisture-proofing composition Aquastop is suitable for loose substrates.

In addition, the following compositions are used:

• before starting work - to improve adhesion to the wall (or base) material;
• for layer-by-layer processing - when creating a deep relief, when one layer of putty is applied to the already dried one applied earlier;
• for finishing impregnation before painting - to level out the absorbency and so that the paint lays evenly, emphasizing the relief, and not hiding it.

For layer-by-layer processing, primers are needed that create a sticky, rough surface on the surface. In this case, you can put a new layer of putty even on an already dried surface. For these purposes soil will do deep penetration Ceresit and impregnating primer PUFAS. They can also be used for finishing before painting.

Tools

Tools for creating a bas-relief are needed for two types of work - for applying putty and for removing/cutting off excess mortar. Therefore, the set of tools and devices is quite extensive. For applying putty or decorative paints use:

These are all the tools you may need. Necessary items: trowels, spatula, chisels. Palette knives are very convenient; it can be difficult without scalpels and pastry syringe. But stacks are a tool for perfectionists - for precise modification of the relief.

Making a bas-relief from gypsum plaster: photo report

For the relief painting on the wall was chosen Marine theme- with fish, octopus, algae. Great option to get your first experience! A light pattern that can be formed gradually.

Preparatory work

The drawing is transferred with a pencil onto a previously leveled and primed surface. To make the bas-relief, gypsum plaster SHEETROCK (with finer grinding) is used. When diluting the solution, a smaller amount of water is added: take 0.5 liters of water per kilogram of mixture (instead of 0.6 as recommended). When mixed in this way, the composition turns out to be somewhat harsh, but this is the best one for making a relief image on the wall.

Immediately mix a small amount of the solution: gypsum plaster quickly loses its elasticity (15-17 minutes) and you need to have time to not only lay out the entire volume on the wall, but also level it and give it the desired shape. For the first time, knead 300-400 grams, lay it out, give it some shape. If during the process you feel that you can handle more volume, knead a larger quantity.

We spread the solution little by little with a palette knife, filling the contour of the algae, cutting off the excess, smoothing it out as much as possible

With this tactic - small portions of the solution - most of It takes time to mix the putty. It is better to knead in a container with high sides - a bucket or pan. However, the frozen solution is difficult to remove from them. If you have an old ball in the house, you can cut off the top and mix the putty in it. Even small particles can be easily removed from such a container.

Pour the powder into the container, add clean cold water, mix quickly with a spatula, then bring the mixture until smooth, leave for 5 minutes, then mix again. There should be a homogeneous thick paste without lumps or irregularities. The holding and “setting” time is indicated on the putty packaging; if you use a different composition, follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Formation of small parts

It's easier to start with shallow terrain to begin with. When forming small parts, take a small amount of mortar on a trowel and apply it to the desired location, trying to smear it well so that the adhesion of the mortar to the wall is good. If the wall is coated with a primer that improves adhesion (the surface is slightly rough and sticky to the touch), there will be no problems. If the parts are very small - such as jellyfish tentacles - it is more convenient to apply the solution with a palette knife.

Making a bas-relief of a jellyfish from plaster or acrylic putty is not much more difficult...

Having laid out the mixed portion of the mortar on the wall, we immediately begin leveling and forming the relief. We work with the tip of a trowel, palette knives, knives, chisels, scalpels - everything that is at hand and that can give the surface the desired shape. If during the process the part has already dried, but has not yet been finished, you can moisten it with a spray bottle and try to finish it after a few minutes. When you achieve the desired degree of perfection, clean the mixing container from the remaining solution and mix a new portion. Note: the container must be absolutely clean. The smallest particles will leave scratches.

Forming the main reliefs

When making a bas-relief that protrudes beyond the wall by no more than 2 cm, no reinforcing structures are required. For larger thicknesses, in those places where a layer thicker than 2 cm is planned, self-tapping screws are screwed in. You can use them to guide you when applying plaster, and they will support the solution, preventing it from slipping.

The fish and shell have a larger volume - in some places more than 2 cm. Here we screw in self-tapping screws for reinforcement

In this bas-relief, the most prominent parts are fish and a shell with a pearl. In those places where it will be laid thick layer and screw in the screws. We roll the pearl separately by molding a ball and placing it on a self-tapping screw.

The thickest place is the head

In places where the relief is supposed to be deep, you can apply the solution not at once, but in several layers. In this case, it is not at all necessary to smooth the layers. The more uneven the surface is, the easier it will be to apply the next layer. When the required volume has been achieved in a certain area (for example, the head of a fish), we begin work on small details - eyes, whiskers, gills, etc.

When working on small parts, mix no more than 100-200 grams of solution - while cutting, leveling, the solution sets, so large portions are simply not needed.

After the putty pattern on the wall is ready, it is left for a couple of days until completely dry. Then you can start sanding - take sandpaper with medium grain, process it, achieving the desired smoothness. When the relief is ready, we sand it with fine-grained sandpaper.

Two days or more, elements with deep relief can dry. Smaller ones - algae, waves, jellyfish - dry out faster. You can start with them. While you are polishing them, let the thicker parts dry as well. After sanding is completely finished, remove the dust with a thick brush. If desired, you can vacuum it. Next, we coat the decorative plaster panel with a deep penetration primer.

The last step in making a bas-relief on the wall is painting. Everyone chooses the coloring method for themselves. In this case, a regular water-based emulsion was used (the primer was used for paint on water based). At this point, we can assume that you have made a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands. In this case, we got a large composition on two free adjacent walls.

One tip: bas-relief on the wall looks better with specially designed lighting. So before leveling the wall, bring out the ends. After you have leveled and primed the surface, install those lamps with the lamps that you will use to illuminate the relief picture in the future. In this light, you will need to polish the volumetric panel you made from plaster mixture. Only in this case everything will look good. Because if the work is carried out under different lighting, when installing standard lamps you may find a “nightmare and horror”.

Bas-relief on the wall: photo ideas

Without experience, it is very difficult to understand what and how can be done using conventional gypsum plaster. In fact, three-dimensional paintings made of gypsum can be of various themes, but the most common are flowers, trees and landscapes (urban, country). In this section we have collected a number of the most diverse bas-reliefs on the wall. With their help, you can come up with a theme for artistic modeling on the walls. In essence, the process is similar to working with plasticine.