Automatic powder fire extinguishing system. Using a powder fire extinguishing module Design features of powder fire extinguishing installation modules
For security purposes, various systems are installed in the premises. Powder fire extinguishing allows you to quickly and efficiently extinguish a fire. At the same time, the system has its own operating characteristics, pros and cons.
How to put out a fire
Nowadays, many options are used to extinguish a fire when water is powerless. This is due to several reasons:
- Many flammable liquids are less dense than water. They envelop the surface of the water with a film, so the scale of the fire becomes larger.
- Pouring water onto chemical components and electrical equipment is dangerous. It will be difficult to control the fire.
- Extinguishing with water is not effective in every room, for example, in a room with equipment, books, paintings. Because of the water element, what fire could not cope with will be eliminated.
Anhydrous options
Waterless methods can reduce losses and improve the effectiveness of fire extinguishing. These include:
- Foam systems.
- Gas installations.
- Aerosol methods.
- Powder fire extinguishing.
This variety allows you to choose the most suitable option for each room.
Powder method
To extinguish a fire, it is necessary to close the supply of oxygen to the fireplace. Powder fire extinguishing performs this task perfectly, since the mixture contains the properties of metal salts.
The extinguishing procedure is carried out as follows:
- Upon contact with burning surfaces, the powder heats up, which causes the combustion temperature to decrease, since a lot of heat is spent heating the powder.
- The mixture begins to work. With the decomposition of metal salts, gases are formed that do not support fire. An air-powder suspension appears near the combustion site. Because of it, the supply of oxygen stops, which reduces the intensity of the fire.
- The powders contain flame retardants.
Automatic powder fire extinguishing can be used to eliminate fires of different classes, whatever the characteristics of the hot substances and objects.
Pros
Powder fire extinguishing has the following advantages:
- Cheap option.
- Easy installation of the system.
- Durability.
- Suitable for different materials and objects.
- Versatility.
- Wide range of use.
- Safety.
Classification
Automatic powder system fire extinguishing is usually used in non-residential premises where it is undesirable to use water. Such objects include archives, libraries, paper warehouses, museums, chemical plants, automatic telephone exchanges, and equipment rooms.
Powder systems are divided into:
- Centralized. The extinguishing agent is supplied from one tank.
- Modular. It is supplied in modules in the areas of use. The powder fire extinguishing module consists of everything necessary to spray a fire extinguishing component using a remote control.
The powder is ejected by gas under high pressure. Systems are classified according to several criteria.
According to the module design:
- Gas is generated when triggered thanks to a gas-generating substance.
- Gas is pre-pumped.
According to the stewing method:
- Volumetric - enough for the entire room.
- Surface - the mixture is distributed over surfaces.
- Local - the powder is applied to some parts.
To obtain fire extinguishing powders, they are used hazardous substances Therefore, premises where these systems are installed must include means of audible notification of danger. There may also be light signs “POWDER! DO NOT ENTER!
When the powder is not used
Powder fire extinguishing systems are effective, but not ideal. They cannot be used in some cases:
- Extinguishing components that can burn in an oxygen-free environment, smoldering materials.
- Powder must be removed from metal immediately, since metal salts act quickly, which can lead to destruction of products.
- Powder is difficult to convey through pipelines. Because of this, it is not easy to use in systems with a centralized supply of material to extinguish fire.
- Powders have a negative effect on humans, so they can be used in areas where there are no people.
- Cannot be installed in facilities with large crowds of people. When switched on, systems may be life-threatening.
Automation
It must be extinguished immediately after the fire. Then the fire is quickly localized and losses are minimized. Automatic installations reduce the time from ignition to delivery of the mixture. IN production premises and in warehouses where flammable, explosive, and chemical components are present, automation is necessary.
Automatic systems perform many functions:
- Notifying people about a fire.
- Fire localization.
- Maintaining the strength of the building and equipment.
The command to extinguish the fire is given automatically or manually from the control place. Due to the physical properties of the powder, it is difficult to use in centralized systems. Many operational systems are modular in design.
Installation features
The system installation is carried out in the following steps:
- System design after inspection of the premises. The project should be created in such a way that it fits the standards of GOST and SNiP. It will also be agreed upon with the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
- Preparation of estimates. The price of installation is determined by the architectural and planning features of the room.
- Installation.
- Commissioning activities.
The number of modules is established on the basis of SP 5.13130.2009. The calculation is performed using 4 methods:
- Based on area.
- Locally.
- By volume.
- By cubic capacity.
The appropriate option is determined based on the characteristics of the room and the location of the fire. For example, in objects without shaded areas with ceiling heights equal to the height of the powder spray by the module, a simple calculation is performed. The area of the room must be divided by the area protected by 1 installation. The indicator is recorded in the module data sheet. Local protection is necessary in those facilities where large area, and there are few fire hazardous areas.
During the design, the height of the ceilings and the load on the structural parts to which the system will be installed are taken into account. When the module is activated, the load on the ceiling product increases 5 times. The load is maintained for 0.2 s. Resistance to actively increased load is taken into account during the calculation of the fire extinguishing system in those objects where there are suspended ceilings. Their height must correspond to the optimal spray rate indicated in the passport.
False positives
Spraying of the substance occurs after the sensors are triggered or based on a signal provided from the central console. Its sensors increase efficiency, but may function falsely. This is due to several reasons:
- Malfunctions.
- Human factor.
- Electromagnetic interference.
- Starting condition.
- Low battery.
Best modules
Security is provided by many systems. But the most popular include the following:
- Powder fire extinguishing module "Buran - 1.5 - 2 s." It has a double trigger function - from an external signal and its own sensors. Used as an independent tool or part of a system. The body is presented in the form of a flattened shape, which is suitable for administrative premises, entertainment facilities, and shops. The module allows you to eliminate any fires. Runs continuously for 0.5 s. The cost of the equipment is about 1300 rubles.
- "Buran-8vzr" is explosion-resistant. Used in buildings with a high explosion hazard class. Allows you to protect a large area. Created as a universal system and wall-mounted. The price is about 4800 rubles.
- Powder fire extinguishing module (MPT Tungus). Created in several types. Operates at temperatures from -50 to +50 degrees. Special systems operate in the range of 60-90 degrees. Can be used to extinguish any fire. Price - 7400 rubles.
- "Tunguska". Used to quickly extinguish fire. Can be used in hard-to-reach areas where vehicle access is difficult. Used in fire hazardous facilities. The installation contains 9/18 modules.
- "Impulse-6", "Impulsk-6-1". Suitable for extinguishing any fire at temperatures from -50 to +50. Used in production, household premises, warehouses. The mixture is supplied by a gas generator. Triggering occurs from an electric pulse. Gas release occurs after activation inside the housing. The mixture is produced under pressure.
Spray Elimination
The powder is simply removed by dry cleaning. Residues can be removed with a vacuum cleaner. A water filter or respirator is also required. The Buran system is cleaned by washing and wiping if the mixture is on varnished surfaces.
If the powder has expired, it must be disposed of in a sealed bag. It can be discarded or used as fertilizer for crops. In this situation, productivity increases and the risk of plant damage by pests decreases.
Powder replacement is carried out in specialized companies that have received a license for their work. But it is advisable to purchase new models, since it will be more effective and safer.
In ancient times, during the Middle Ages, fires were a real scourge, a natural disaster. They destroyed entire neighborhoods, depriving people not only of shelter and work, but also of life. In the past, water was the only way to combat the fire element. It was used to fill the fire. The fire was contained and the damage became less. This method of struggle was not effective, but it was the only one available. Times have changed, along with progress, new materials have come into people's lives, which, if they ignite, simply cannot be extinguished with water.
The development of science has made it possible to use new materials, and at the same time made it possible to create new ways to fight fire. One of them is a powder fire extinguishing system.
How to extinguish fire
Today there are several ways to extinguish a fire when the inefficiency of water use is obvious:
- Most flammable liquids are less dense than water. They cover the surface of the water with a film, so during a fire the area grows.
- Fill with water chemicals, electrical equipment is dangerous to life. Trying to control the fire will have the opposite effect.
- Extinguishing fires with water in rooms intended for storing valuables (equipment, books, paintings, etc.) increases damage. Water element will destroy what the fire could not cope with.
Anhydrous methods
Waterless systems help reduce damage and increase firefighting efficiency. This category includes:
- Foam systems.
- Use of steam.
- Gas fire extinguishers.
- Aerosol methods.
- Powder fire extinguishing.
Thanks to this diversity, it became possible to choose a suitable fire extinguishing method that corresponds to its characteristics and fire class.
In order to cope with a fire, it is necessary to stop the access of oxygen to the source of fire. Powder fire extinguishing copes with this task, thanks to the properties of the metal salts included in the mixtures.
The quenching process goes like this:
- When it comes into contact with burning surfaces, the powder heats up, as a result of which the combustion temperature decreases, since a significant part of the heat is spent on heating the powder.
- The heated mixture begins to react. When metal salts decompose, gases are released that do not support fire. An air-powder suspension forms around the combustion site. It stops the access of oxygen, which reduces combustion activity.
- The powders contain flame retardants.
The automatic powder fire extinguishing system can be used to suppress fires of all classes, regardless of the characteristics of the burning substances or objects (solids and liquids, flammable gases, live electrical equipment, etc.).
Advantages of the powder method
- Powder systems are the cheapest.
- Simple installation of a powder fire extinguishing system.
- Durability. The system can be stored for a very long time; the powder retains its properties and effectiveness.
- The powder can be used to extinguish almost all materials and objects. It is indispensable in extinguishing fires where the use of water is impossible (fire of alkali metals, flammable liquids, live electrical equipment).
- Versatility. The systems are suitable for extinguishing any type of fire, not excluding specific ones.
- A wide range of use of the powder system when fire extinguishing is carried out at any ambient temperature.
- Safety. There is no need to seal the room when using powder systems.
In what cases does the powder not help?
Powder systems are effective, but not ideal, they are not suitable in the following cases:
- Extinguishing substances that can burn in an oxygen-free environment, smoldering materials.
- WITH metal surfaces the powder must be removed immediately. Metal salts begin to react, which can cause destruction of metal structures.
- Powder is difficult to convey through pipelines. This complicates its use in installations with a centralized supply of fire extinguishing material.
- Powders have negative impact per person. The system can only be used in rooms where there are no people.
- Cannot be installed automatic systems in buildings with large crowds of people. If such a system is turned on, it can become a source of danger to their lives.
Automation in fire extinguishing
Extinguishing should begin immediately after a fire. In this case, the fire will be quickly contained and the damage will be minimized. Automatic systems minimize the time from the moment of fire to the supply of the fire-fighting mixture. IN production workshops and in warehouses where there are flammable, explosive, and hazardous chemical substances, fire extinguishing automation is mandatory.
The functions of automatic fire extinguishing installations are:
- Notifying people about the start of a fire.
- In localizing the location of the fire.
- To preserve the strength of the building and the integrity of the equipment.
NPB 110-03 establishes categories of objects where automatic systems are required to be installed.
Classification of systems according to method of application is distinguished:
- Centralized systems.
- Modular systems.
- Short-term modules.
In centralized systems, the fire extinguishing powder is located in a single tank and enters the fire through pipelines. IN modular designs the powder is distributed into separate tanks located in areas of possible fire. Each module is an autonomous structure.
The command to extinguish the fire is given automatically or in manual mode from the place of system control. Physical properties powder made it difficult to use in centralized installations. Most of the systems in use are modular in design.
Powder modules have different designs:
- With a gas-generating element that releases gas at the moment the command is given.
- With pre-pumped gas.
The quenching process also occurs in different ways:
- The air-powder mixture will completely fill the volume of the room (volumetric).
- The powder is distributed over surfaces (surface).
- The mixture is distributed throughout the room and on surfaces, in those places where there is a risk of fire (local).
Premises with automatic powder fire extinguishing systems must be equipped with sound alarm and light displays “Powder! Don't enter! and "Exit".
Installation
Equipping premises with powder fire extinguishing means is carried out in several stages:
Connection diagram for automatic powder fire extinguishing installation
- The design of the system is based on an inspection of the premises. The project itself must comply with GOST, SNiP and be approved by the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
- Drawing up an estimate. The cost of installation depends on the architectural and planning features of the building and the type of fire extinguishing system.
- System installation.
- Commissioning works.
The number of modules is calculated in accordance with SP 5.13130.2009. The calculation is carried out in four ways:
- By room area.
- By area, locally.
- By volume, locally.
- According to the cubic capacity of the room.
The appropriate method is selected based on the characteristics of the room and the location of possible fire. For example, in rooms without shaded areas with a ceiling height corresponding to the height of the powder spray by the module, a simple calculation is made. The area of the room is divided by the area that can be protected by one installation. The protected area is indicated in technical passport module. The choice of local protection is effective in those rooms where there is a large area and there are few fire hazardous areas.
When designing, the height of the ceilings and the load on structural elements, to which the installation will be attached. When the module is triggered, the load on ceiling structure increases approximately 5 times compared to the weight of the installation itself. This load is maintained for approximately 0.2 s. Resistance to a sharply increased load is taken into account when calculating the fire extinguishing system in those rooms where there are suspended ceilings. The ceiling height must correspond optimal height spraying specified in the device passport.
False positives
Spraying of the fire-fighting mixture begins after the sensors are triggered or according to a signal sent from the central control panel. Proprietary sensors increase efficiency but may cause false alarms. This may be due to the following reasons:
- Fire alarm malfunction.
- Human factor (unreasonable pressing of the “Control” and “Start” buttons).
- Electromagnetic interference.
- Starting system malfunction.
- Discharge of autonomous backup battery.
Popular powder fire extinguishing modules
Popular means of powder fire extinguishing systems are the Buran series modules:
Powder fire extinguishing is well suited to ensure fire safety production and warehouse facilities, data centers, server rooms, office and retail premises, etc.
They are not inferior in their efficiency to other systems, while fire-fighting measures using them will require less costs.
Most effective way extinguishing a fire is blocking the flow of oxygen to the fire site.
The automatic powder fire extinguishing system accomplishes its task thanks to chemical properties salts various metals included in fire extinguishing mixtures.
The operating principle of fire extinguishing powders is as follows:
- As a result of the contact of the powder with a burning hot surface, it heats up. Thus, the combustion temperature is significantly reduced because energy is spent on heating the powder;
- Upon reaching the threshold temperature in the heated fire extinguishing agent, the decomposition reaction of metal salts begins, which is accompanied by the release various gases, which do not support combustion reactions;
- The gas-powder suspension formed as a result of the reaction displaces oxygen from the source of fire, which significantly reduces the intensity of the fire.
Advantages, scope and exceptions
- Local automated systems are among the cheapest, both in installation and in operational maintenance;
- Installation of systems is quick and simple, requiring no additional costs;
- The shelf life and use significantly exceeds the serviceability time of other systems (gas);
- There is no need to seal the room during fire extinguishing;
- Application possible at any ambient temperature.
There are no strict restrictions or recommendations on where powder fire extinguishing can be used; it is suitable for eliminating fires of any class, including specific ones. Particularly effective in cases where the use of water is not possible. The powder can be used for extinguishing:
- Liquids;
- Flammable gases;
- Solids, including alkali metals;
- Indispensable when extinguishing connected electrical equipment.
The use of a powder fire extinguishing system also has certain limitations:
- Ineffective when extinguishing materials that can burn without access to oxygen or smoldering substances;
- After completing the extinguishing process, the powder must be immediately removed from metal surfaces to avoid reaction with metal salts and the risk of chemical corrosion processes;
- Such a system can only be used after use, since the powder has a negative effect on humans. For the same reason, it is prohibited to install automation on powder fire extinguishing systems in buildings with a large number people;
- It is quite difficult to centrally supply powdered fire extinguishing agent through pipelines in systems with centralized supply.
Types of powder fire extinguishing systems
Depending on the location of powder storage, installations are divided into:
- Centralized, when the substance is supplied to the fire site from the main tank through pipelines;
- Local modules are devices that store fire extinguishing agent and having a supply system in one monoblock. Such devices can be controlled centrally.
Depending on the activation method, the following settings are distinguished:
- – the process of detecting the source of fire and releasing the fire extinguishing agent is carried out without external intervention or control. Typically, such devices do not depend on external sources power supply, which significantly increases their reliability and probability of operation.
- Automatic - after detecting a source of fire, an alarm signal is sent to the remote control. Triggered by an external command;
- With manual start, remote or local. They are usually not equipped with fire detectors, but have a duplicate activation system.
Design and design features of modules
- Metal body;
- Fire extinguishing powder;
- Gas-generating element or capsule with injected gas;
- Launcher;
- Temperature sensitive detector.
The powder from the capsule is released under gas pressure. There are two types of devices: the first type has a capsule with pumped gas, the second type has a built-in gas-generating device (GU) that begins to produce gas only after activation. In this case, there is a slight delay before triggering, but the duration of the powder emission increases significantly, which has a positive effect on the effectiveness of fire extinguishing.
Depending on the material from which the device body is made, there are explosion-proof and standard powder fire extinguishing modules. This must be taken into account when choosing a model for installation in fire or explosion hazardous facilities.
According to the type of installation, the modules are:
- Ceiling - the most effective positioning, since the device can cover the maximum volume of the room;
- Wall-mounted - the same devices are only mounted on special brackets. Used for targeted extinguishing of electrical installations and distribution cabinets, racks with flammable substances.
- Floor-standing is not a very common installation method. Not all models are suitable for this method, but only those designed for this purpose.
Installation diagram and symbols
An automatic powder fire extinguishing installation (AUPP) has significant advantages in installation and subsequent operation and does not require frequent and complex maintenance. 
The use of remotely controlled modules makes the automatic control device very effective and ensures not only timely, but also safe operation. No need for piping or separating separate room for installation of a central tank for storing fire extinguishing agent.
On the diagram symbol The powder fire extinguishing module is displayed depending on its modification:
- MPP – type powder fire extinguishing module;
- N – (added in parentheses immediately after the module type designation) – normal design;
- SV - medium-height, up to 3.5 m;
- B – high-rise from 3.5 to 6 m;
- N – (added at the end) wall;
- C – (added at the end with a hyphen) – self-acting;
- T – temperature response range -60 - +90°С. The numbers next to the designation indicate a shift or expansion of the temperature range according to the table;
- Vzr – explosion-proof housing.
Review of the most popular models
Powder fire extinguishing module Hurricane 5, the model is made in an explosion-proof housing. Used to ensure fire safety in explosive areas, warehouses for storing explosives, in mines and underground workings. 
The product consists of a body filled with fire extinguishing powder, a source of cold gas, a bypass valve, a spray aerator, a mounting device and an outlet for connecting communication networks.
Response time – 4-6 seconds. The time it takes for the device to consume all the powder (up to 6 kg) is 2-3 seconds. In this case, the remainder of the substance in the body will be no more than 3% of the original volume.
Powder fire extinguishing module Buran 8 U. The device consists of a housing in which 7 kg of fire extinguishing powder is placed, the gas-generating element is equipped with an electric activator. A burst disc attached to the top flange inside the housing and a release nozzle attached to the bottom. 
Response time 5 sec. Operating period 1 second. The powder remaining in the body should have no more than 10% of the original mass. The device is capable of protecting an area of 32m2 and a volume of 60m3. The device can be used either independently or as part of an automated fire extinguishing system. Activation can be carried out by any controller that is able to provide an input starting current power 100mA.
Tungus 10 powder fire extinguishing module. Universal device, which can be equipped with any type of activator. It can be installed both on the ceiling and on the floor, for which the mounting brackets on the body have a special shape. 
Powder mass 9.5 kg, response speed 3-10 sec, operating time 1 sec. Protects an area of 36 m2 and a volume of 2016 m3 with a maximum room ceiling height of up to 15 m.
Automated powder fire extinguishing modules have proven themselves as effective remedy fire fighting, which can be successfully used both at special facilities and in ordinary premises.
Fire extinguishing with such a system occurs by supplying a powder of a special composition and fraction. Distinctive feature powder composition from water automatic systems is that it practically does not cause damage to the equipment and premises in which it is located.
Automatic powder extinguishing is used to extinguish fires of classes A, B, C, D and E. This means that it can be used to fight fires of solid, liquid and gaseous substances, as well as fires of electrical equipment and installations.
Today, there are three types of installations using powder formulations:
Manual start system that can be started using manual control or by turning it on remotely. She works together with fire alarm, therefore, during the installation of these two components, it is necessary to coordinate their work and consistency of action in case of fire. The operating principle of such a structure is quite simple: when a fire occurs, an alarm is triggered, after which the powder fire extinguishing system is started manually. Automatic system. This type of fire extinguishing also involves working together with the alarm system. Its difference is that in the event of a fire, the alarm gives a signal and the system turns on itself, without human intervention. Automatic powder fire extinguishing has a big drawback. It consists of a false alarm, which entails spraying powder unnecessarily. In addition, such systems are installed on permanent place, therefore their coverage area is strictly defined. Autonomous systems. Such modules do not require human presence or alarms. They are automatically triggered when a fire is detected. Although such systems are quite expensive, they fully justify the capital investment, since they are the most technically and intellectually advanced.
The importance of extinguishing fires using special powder compositions has not lost its relevance for several hundred years. It is simple to explain - only powder fire extinguishing is used in case of fire of some specific substances and materials - light and alkali metals, sodium and lithium, metal-containing compounds.
Powder fire extinguishing principle of operation
Modern fire extinguishing powders differ in composition, degree of grinding and, accordingly, are used to eliminate fires of various classes.
According to their intended purpose, fire extinguishing powders are:
- General purpose – extinguishing fires of classes A, B, C.
- Special purpose - eliminating the combustion of alkali metals and other substances.
What is the principle of action of powders? The effectiveness of powder fire extinguishing is achieved due to the fact that the fire extinguishing agent acts on the fire in several directions at once:
- Firstly, part of the heat from the fire is spent to heat all the powder particles that fall into it.
- Secondly, the mixture blocks the further spread of the flame, creating a thick, impenetrable cloud.
- Thirdly, the combustion reaction itself is inhibited due to the properly selected composition of the powder mixture.
By varying the percentage of powder components and changing the main constituent element, mixtures intended for extinguishing are selected different types fires.
Powder fire extinguishing scheme
Installation on site of an automatic powder fire extinguishing installation (AUPP for short) will allow:
- detect a fire in a timely manner;
- automatically supply the powder with such intensity as to extinguish the fire and not cause re-ignition.
AUPP can be of a modular or modular design.
In the first case, an n-number of modules (containers with powder) equipped with a launcher (launching device) are installed at the facility. The models are interconnected and also connected to a fire detection system and activation of their launch.
In the case of aggregate automatic transmission units, these installations are presented centralized systems with a single tank for storing fire extinguishing agent and pipelines extending from it, through which the powder enters the fire zone.
The design of a powder fire extinguishing installation includes a diagram on which the designer notes:
- type of automatic propulsion system used;
- system components;
- connection of the installation with others engineering systems buildings;
- fire detectors and sirens;
- manual start devices;
- doors with sensors, etc.
When preparing a powder fire extinguishing scheme, developers must use the rules for placing fire-fighting equipment (see GOST No. 12.3.046, 12.4.009, NBP No. 88-01, etc.).
Advantages of powder fire extinguishing
You can select a powder composition for objects of any fire hazard class. With the help of PP, fires of classes from A to E are extinguished. In addition, this fire extinguishing option has a number of other advantages:
- accessibility of installations;
- simple design and installation;
- opportunity long-term storage powders - from 5 (not less, according to NPB No. 170-98) to 10 years, subject to the rules for operating containers;
- use for extinguishing specific fires where other substances (water, gas, foam) are not used;
- versatility – can be used to extinguish a wide range of fires;
- wide temperature range of application of powders – from –50 degrees. up to +50 degrees. at humidity up to 98%;
- no need to seal the room when extinguishing, as, for example, is required with aerosol or gas fire extinguishing;
- fast response - no more than 5 seconds from the time of fire detection;
- environmental safety – absence of toxic or ozone-depleting elements.
Powder fire extinguishing is actively used in administrative buildings, industrial buildings, warehouse complexes, garages, parking lots, electrical installations, and is indispensable for facilities where there is a risk of fire of alkali metals.
Modular powder fire extinguishing systems
Modular systems, as mentioned earlier, are powder fire extinguishing complexes consisting of interconnected modules.
The design of a separate module is as follows:
- The body is metal, filled with OTV inside.
- An element that generates gas (or a capsule already filled with gas).
- Temperature sensitive sensor.
Gas is needed to create excess pressure before launching the powder. If a gas-generating element is built into the module, there may be a slight delay in the release of the extinguishing agent, but the duration of the powder ejection itself increases.
Depending on the purpose of the capital construction project, select modular systems appropriate size and design.
Modules with an explosion-proof housing (marked “exp”) can be safely installed at fire and explosion hazardous facilities - oil refineries, chemical plants, petroleum product warehouses, etc.
Premises up to 100 cubic meters, without constant presence of people, with periodic visits, are equipped with simple automatic installations powder fire extinguishing. In the same places where large numbers of people are planned - theaters, cinemas, shopping centers and others public places – modular installations are carried out in accordance with GOST No. 12.3.046 and NBP No. 88-01.
In any case, it is advisable to entrust the design and installation of automatic control units to a professional.
