Meadow bluegrass description: photo. Bluegrass - lawn grass
Bluegrass annual- Poa annua.
Family Cereals –Gramineae.
The weed belongs to the bluegrass family. It is growing and developing everywhere. It happily infests gardens and orchards, pastures and meadows, and fields. It is a very troublesome weed in vegetable gardens and orchards. This is a pasture-type plant, located on lower tiers. Wintering forms are also found. Moisture-loving and shade-tolerant. Not afraid of frost and trampling. When favorable conditions occur, bluegrass forms dense grass and at the same time causes great harm cultivated plants. fibrous root system. Has straight stems. The height of the stems is from 10 to 40 cm. The leaves are narrow, linear. The flowers are collected in 3-7-flowered spikelets.
The fruit of the weed is a filmy, elongated-lanceolate kernel. The caryopsis is awnless, triangular, pointed at the top. Weight 1000 - 0.5 g. Grains are up to 2 long and 0.5 mm wide.
One plant can produce up to 1 thousand grains. The seeds have good germination after sowing from the soil surface during the growing season. Germination depth is 3-4 cm. Minimum temperature during germination is 3-5, optimal is 16-20°C. The first leaf of the seedlings is linear. The length of the young leaf is 15-30, width up to 1 mm. The leaf has a pointed tip. In the southern regions of the country you can see the bulbous bluegrass, which is very close in biology to the annual bluegrass.
When fighting weeds in pastures and meadows, it is necessary to replant and reconstruct pastures. Peeling and fall plowing are carried out on the fields without delay. Emerging weeds in spring crops are destroyed by pre-sowing treatment. The weed is resistant to post-emergence herbicides. The following soil herbicides can effectively suppress bluegrass: atrazine, semeron, prometrin, etc.
Annual bluegrass photo:
Family: cereals (Poaceae).
Form: lawn grass
Description
Bluegrass is a meadow and forest plant. A number of bluegrass species are used for ornamental purposes, mainly as lawn plants.
(P. pratensis). A loose bush grass 15-100 cm high, forms thin rhizomes. The leaves of the meadow grass are smooth, green or gray-green, with smooth leaf sheaths. The leaf blades are flat. Stems with 3-4 nodes close together at the bottom. Blooms in summer. The panicles are slightly spreading, with slightly rough branches from scattered spines. Meadow bluegrass takes root rather slowly, subsequently grows well and forms a sod that is resistant to trampling and drought. Cannot tolerate frequent low haircuts.
Common bluegrass (P. trivialis). It grows in turf and forms short creeping rhizomes. It takes root faster than meadow bluegrass, but is not as cold-resistant, less tolerant of trampling and tolerates drought much worse. The leaves of the common bluegrass are smooth, green or purple-green, with rough leaf sheaths.
Oak grove bluegrass , or bluegrass (P. nemoralis). Loose bush grass 25-80 cm high, does not form rhizomes. The leaves of Poa grove are soft, lush green, with smooth sheaths. The leaf blade is narrow, like some narrow-leaved cereals. Stems with 3-5 nodes. The panicles are slightly spreading, with very rough branches. Starts to grow in early spring. Forest bluegrass (oak woodland) blooms in summer. In autumn it stops growing late and goes green under the snow. Oakwood bluegrass grows well among other grasses and can tolerate dense shade, but from frequent cutting it becomes depleted and falls out.
(P. annua). Loose bush grass, sometimes forms short shoots. The soft young leaves of Poa annua are often wrinkled. The leaf sheaths are smooth. The leaves are light green, 5-30 cm long. The panicles are slightly spreading, with completely smooth branches. Blooms until frost. The seeds ripen over most of the year and the plant can quickly spread throughout large areas compacted soil. It tolerates a low haircut well, but in the heat it turns yellow and may fall out.
Growing conditions
Bluegrass prefers fertile soils and a sunny location. At good conditions growing bluegrass is resistant to trampling. Tolerates prolonged flooding melt water.
Bluegrass prefers shaded areas and relatively rich soils.
Application
Common bluegrass is included in grass mixtures for common bluegrass. It is suitable for areas with moist soil and shaded areas, but is inferior in its properties to meadow bluegrass - it turns brown in dry weather, and above-ground rhizomes can be damaged when pruned.
Meadow bluegrass is the best type of bluegrass, forming dense turf, is an essential component of mixtures for an ordinary lawn, and is especially important for light soils and shaded areas.
Annual bluegrass grows wild on almost all lawns and reproduces by seeds. Annual bluegrass is a useful plant for an ordinary lawn, especially in areas under trees, but on a ground lawn it is considered a weed.
Bluegrass (Poa grove) is used for sowing under trees or in other shaded areas.
Care
Caring for bluegrass is identical to caring for a lawn.
Reproduction
Bluegrass propagates by seeds and by dividing the bush. Bluegrass seeds can be purchased as part of lawn grass mixtures, as well as separately.
Always raises a lot of questions. It is important to take into account the difficulty of caring for the plant, the growth rate and other nuances, information about which you will find in this article.
Meadow grass is one of the few types of lawn grass that meets all the requirements and will perfectly complement the landscape of your site.
Description of the plant
Meadow bluegrass is a winter type grass. Early spring is the most active period of growth, so flowering can be observed in late May or early summer.
Within four years from the moment of sowing, bluegrass turns into a fully grown plant. Until this time, shoots may be weak and sparse.
The plant also has the ability to self-pollinate, which greatly simplifies care.
The grass can withstand frost, wind and harsh winters. Culture is absolutely unpretentious temperature conditions, which has earned it recognition from residents of suburbs and towns.
How lawn grass meadow bluegrass looks very organic, and rich green color makes the area fresh and “alive”.
In the photo the grass is meadow bluegrass
Features of the plant
Bluegrass is one of the most early plants cereal family. Due to this, the lawn becomes green almost immediately after the snow melts.
The plant grows very quickly and easily adapts to different composition soil and climate.
It is worth noting the grass’s resistance to trampling and vitality in general. The plant must be mowed at a height of about 4 cm from the soil..
After each mowing, the grass begins to develop even faster, forming new shoots and filling in empty areas.
Bluegrass leaves grow vertically. They mow easily and evenly. Also, the grass does not form lumps or other formations on the surface of the earth.
The grass adapts perfectly to the environment, is almost not susceptible to various kinds diseases.
Varieties and varieties
There are more than ten varieties of crops. Average term The life of each of them is about 8-10 years. They are perfect for arranging lawns, and in some cases are used as feed.
Let's look at the most popular varieties of meadow bluegrass:
- Midnight. The variety is resistant to trampling, disease and exposure climatic factors. Most often used to create football fields, golf courses, parks and sports grounds.
- Boutique. Retains grass color and density well. Perfect for creating lawns, can be combined with other varieties.
- Blackberry. Ideal lawn for football fields and sports grounds. The grass is low-growing, uniform and dense.
- Balin. This variety of bluegrass is used for arranging playgrounds and sports grounds. The color is of medium saturation and easily tolerates winter.
- Platini. Possesses high performance sustainable and growing quickly. It is popular for constructing golf and football fields.
- Sobra. Sobra bluegrass is drought-resistant and allows you to create a uniform lawn. Suitable for both sports and decorative areas.
- Panduro. Resistant to disease, wear, and has an attractive appearance.
- Compact. A universal variety that is suitable for use for any purpose. All indicators are above average.
- Connie. The variety is characterized by slow growth, but at the same time it is quite in demand. Allows you to create a delightful decorative lawn.
- Dolphin. Refers to low-growing varieties. It has a rich dark green color and withstands loads well. Suitable for any type of lawn.
- Geronimo. A very bright variety of bluegrass. It is characterized by high wear resistance and density.
Each variety is good in its own way and has its fans.
Different varieties of grass
The choice depends on what intensity of color you want to create, what kind of soil the future lawn will have and what plant characteristics are welcome in your region. Read more about the intricacies of choosing seeds below.
Seed selection and germination testing
IN Lately Grass mixtures are actively offered on the seed market.
They differ in percentage and types of plants in the composition. As a rule, the amount of meadow grass seeds in grass mixtures does not exceed 40-50%.
However, if you want to create a high-quality lawn, then it is recommended to look at 100% seeding. In other words, monocultures.
To determine the quality of seeds, it is enough to take into account the following parameters:
- Seeds are required must be confirmed by international certificates or certificates from your country.
- The seeds must be adapted to the climate of your region. This will ensure high level germination.
- pay attention to seed characteristics. In particular, shade, slope, groundwater, soil quality and natural requirements that are necessary for their normal growth. All items must match your lawn.
- Seeds must be suitable for the type of lawn. Either your site will be intensively used, or it will have a decorative purpose.
Once you have decided on the meadow grass seeds, it is worth buying a small amount to test them for germination.
This is what bluegrass seeds look like
You can do this in several ways:
- Place a small amount of seeds between layers sawdust. They must first be soaked in boiling water. Place the composition in a warm place, and after a while you will be able to see which seeds have sprouted and which have not.
- Similarly, the seeds can be placed between two wet napkins. Leave in a place with a temperature of at least 23 degrees. Then calculate the germination rate and the germination percentage of the entire batch.
- Soak the seeds in water for 5-10 minutes. Bad or empty ones will float, good ones will remain at the bottom. If desired, the water can be salted (no more than 10 g of salt per 250 ml of water).
Unpretentious plant, rules of care and propagation and other features of flowers. Join the discussion about the characteristics of the plant on our website.
For a country lawn good choice There will also be red fescue - find out behind the lawn of this grass.
Preparing the area for sowing
Sowing a lawn is one of the most difficult stages, on which its future appearance depends.
At proper preparation plot, meadow bluegrass will visually level the area and fill in all the unevenness. Territory preparation occurs in several stages:
- Soil preparation. Dig up the ground. Remove weeds by their roots. If the fruit part of the soil is less than 15 cm, it is necessary to add sand. Also prepare to apply fertilizer.
- Leveling the territory. The area needs to be treated with a hoe and rake. Then compact the soil wooden board or a special roller.
- Loosening. The soil in the area under the lawn is again loosened using a rake to a depth of 2 cm. Check the soil for the absence of depressions and lumps.
After the area is cleared and prepared, you can proceed directly to sowing.
Sowing - how and when?
The standard ratio of seeds to area is 40 grams per square meter.
To prevent empty areas from appearing on the lawn, it is necessary to scatter some of it near and some across the lawn covering.
It is best to use a special lawn seeder. If you don’t have equipment, the manual method is also suitable.
Add fertilizers with potassium and nitrogen at the same time as the seeds. Distribute the sowing using a rake and roller. The average planting depth is 2 mm.
Features of lawn care
The first time after sowing, the meadow grass lawn needs watering. This must be done daily for 10 minutes.
Carry out the procedure until the first shoots. In the future, watering is carried out depending on the weather. However, for the first few weeks after sowing, walking on the lawn is prohibited.
In summer, in dry climates, provide the lawn with plenty of water. In the spring, when it is already noticeable how many seeds have sprouted, you can sow. It is also recommended to fertilize and periodically fertilize.
Watering the lawn every day - required condition
There are about 300 species of bluegrass, which are common in cold and temperate zones of both hemispheres; in the tropics they are found only in the mountains. Many perennial bluegrass are valuable forage plants. Poa grasses are common in habitats (ecotopes) with different ecological conditions. All of them are distinguished by the presence of free sheaths, when the lower part of the leaf, covering the stem, can be flattened, does not grow together at the edges, the spikelets are collected in a paniculate inflorescence, 2-5 (up to 8)-flowered, at the base of the flowers there are twisting hairs that are revealed when pulled out flower from a spikelet.
In relatively dry forests, often on sandy soil often meets Poa angustifolia, usually a large perennial, 40-80 cm tall, with a creeping rhizome, narrow leaves up to 1.2 mm wide, a slightly spreading panicle with branches rough from small spines.
On the edges, clearings and less dry meadows, a similar meadow bluegrass, with spreading inflorescence.
Often found in various forests and among shrubs bluegrass, with relatively small spikelets collected in a loose, often drooping panicle.
Occasionally found on damp and wet bottoms of ravines, ditches in deciduous and mixed forests bluegrass arranged, characterized by geniculately ascending stems, 50-140 cm tall, relatively wide leaf blades, 4-10 mm wide, and flattened, almost winged leaf sheaths.
Common in wet meadows, grassy swamps, along the banks of reservoirs, and in wet ditches. swamp bluegrass, with gradually pointed leaf blades (in most bluegrass they are short pointed).
Along paths and roads, in disturbed areas, wastelands, and waste places, turf of one-year-old trees is common. Poa annua.
By open places with bare soil, embankments, roadsides, perennial bluegrass oblate, having a creeping rhizome, a flattened stem 10-40 cm tall and a relatively small inflorescence.
Common in wet meadows and roadsides common bluegrass, with a shortened rhizome, a rounded stem 30-100 cm tall and a relatively large panicle.
Note that bluegrass is often included in mixtures of lawn grasses, especially when creating sports lawns.
Common bluegrass (Poa trivialis L.)
Description of appearance:
Flowers: Panicle 6-20 cm long, spreading, with thin branches. Spikelets 2.5-4.5 mm long; 2-4-flowered. The lower lemma is 2-3.5 mm long, usually with five clearly visible veins, hairy along the keel and marginal veins; upper lemma with numerous but very small tuberculate spines.
Leaves: Leaf blades 2-6 mm wide, sharply rough on top; vaginas rough or almost smooth, slightly keeled; tongue up to 5-6 mm long, sharp.
Height: 20-100(120) cm.
Root: With shortened rhizome.
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: Common bluegrass grows in damp and damp meadows, clearings, and along the banks of reservoirs; prefers rich soils.
Prevalence: Distributed in Europe, the Caucasus, Asia Minor, Middle and Central Asia; spread widely, especially in the northern hemisphere, as an alien plant - in North America, Japan, many other extratropical countries. Common in all areas Central Russia.
Addition: Forms loose turf. Well eaten by all types of livestock in hay and pasture. Tolerates trampling, but grows back slowly. Used to create cultivated pastures in areas with high humidity.
Meadow bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.)
Description of appearance:
Flowers: Spikelets 3.5-6 mm long, 3-5 flowers. The upper glume along the keel has elongated, but not tuberculate, spines. The lower lemma is 2.8-4.3 mm long, with five veins, without noticeable intermediate veins, with long sinuous fibers at the base.
Leaves: Leaf blades on the leaves of fruiting shoots are 2-4 mm wide, and on vegetative ones - 1.5-3 mm wide; the upper stem leaves with a blade are 2-3 times shorter than their sheath; vaginas are closed from the base by at least a third, smooth; tongue 0.5-2 mm long, blunt.
Height: 20-100 cm.
Stem: Stems are rounded.
Root: With single or several shoots collected in loose tufts and creeping rhizomes.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms in June-July, bears fruit in July-August.
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: Meadow bluegrass grows in meadows, in light steppe forests, in swamps, clearings and forest edges, along the banks of reservoirs, near roads and in wastelands. Can form pure thickets.
Prevalence: Widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, introduced and brought to other extratropical countries. A common species throughout Russia.
Addition: good forage plant pasture and hay use. Often grown in grass mixtures. Polymorphic appearance. More often than others, in addition to the typical form, especially in dry places, it occurs Poa angustifolia L., with bristle-like leaves up to 1.2 mm wide, weakly spreading panicle, twigs rough with scattered spines. It is confined to dry meadows, clearings, and steppes. The form growing in sphagnum bogs is often identified as a special species Peat bluegrass (Poa turfosa Litv.), having a loose panicle with spikelets located at the ends of the branches; the upper stem leaf usually sticks up and is almost pressed against the stem.
Bluegrass (Poa nemoralis L.)
Description of appearance:
Flowers: Panicle up to 10 cm long. Spikelets 3-4(5) mm long, (1) 2-5-flowered, pale green, with a short hairy axis; occasionally the spikelets are viviparous. The lower flower scales at the base are almost always with a tuft of long sinuous hairs.
Leaves: Leaf blades 1.5-2(3) mm wide, rough, deflected from the stem; the tongue is short, less than 1 mm wide.
Height: 30-100 cm.
Stem: Stems erect, sometimes rooting at nodes.
Flowering and fruiting time:
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: A common forest species, characteristic of deciduous and mixed forests, less common in other types of forest. Grows well in shade.
Prevalence: Bluegrass is widespread in many areas of the northern hemisphere, including throughout Russia.
Addition: A soft, tender, green loose turf plant. It is readily eaten by all types of animals, but does not produce large green mass.
Poa annua L.
Description of appearance:
Flowers: Panicle up to 7 cm long, relatively small-spikelet, with smooth branches located in nodes of 1-2. Spikelets are 3-6(7) mm long, 3-7-flowered, with blunt spikelet scales. The lower flower scales are 2-3.5 mm long, with five veins, usually covered with long hairs along the keel and marginal veins. Anthers up to 1.1 mm long.
Leaves: Leaf blades 0.5-4 mm wide; vaginas are bare and smooth; tongue 1-3 mm long.
Height: 5-35 cm.
Stem: The stem is often lodging or spread out.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms in May-September, bears fruit in June-October.
Lifespan: One-, two-, or less frequently perennial plant.
Habitat: Annual bluegrass grows on riverine sands and pebbles, roads, fields, wastelands, ditches, embankments; It grows abundantly in places of intensive grazing and trampling.
Prevalence: Almost cosmopolitan, spread across the globe, probably from Europe. A common plant throughout Russia.
Addition: Forms small turfs. Well eaten by all types of livestock. Used for making lawns. IN middle lane in the European part and in Siberia, a similar Poa supina Schrad., with three veins on the lower lemma and longer, 1.2-1.7 mm, anthers. It is occasionally found in populated areas, along roads, sand and pebbles.
Swamp bluegrass (Poa palustris L.)
Description of appearance:
Flowers: Panicle up to 20 cm long, spreading, multi-spikelet, with rough branches. Spikelets up to 5 mm long, (1)2-3(4-7)-flowered, greenish. The lower lemma is 2.5-3.7 mm long, with three indistinct veins, short-haired along the keel and lateral veins, with sinuous hairs at the base.
Leaves: Leaves 2-3 mm wide, grayish-green, flat, rough, tender, pointed; the tongue on the lower leaves is short, on the upper ones it is 3-4(6) mm long.
Height: 15-80(100) cm.
Stem: Stem erect, ascending, less often semi-recumbent, cylindrical, smooth under the panicle.
Root: With a short rhizome.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms in May-June, bears fruit in June-July.
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: Grows in meadows, in sparse damp and swampy forests, in swamps, along the banks of reservoirs; prefers fresh, moist soils; occurs very often.
Prevalence: A circumboreal species, introduced or introduced into many extratropical countries. Widely distributed throughout the forest zone, extending to the south of the tundra strip. Common in all regions of Central Russia.
Addition: Externally very changeable appearance. Forms loose turf. A good forage plant, readily eaten by animals both in the green state and in hay.
Poa compressa L.
Description of appearance:
Flowers: Panicle 3-10(12) cm long, usually more or less compressed. Spikelets are 3-5(8) mm long, 2-8-flowered, greenish or light purple. The lower flower scales are 2-3 mm long, broadly lanceolate, obtuse at the apex, with three veins.
Leaves: Leaf blades are relatively short, (1) 2-3 (5) mm wide, dark green or bluish; vaginas flattened, keeled; tongue 0.5-2(3) mm long.
Height: 10-40(70) cm.
Stem: Stem usually erect, flattened.
Root: With strongly branched long rhizomes.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms in May-June, bears fruit in June-July.
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: It grows in dry meadows and dry forests, steppes, on rocky outcrops and pebbles, as well as in wastelands, near roads.
Prevalence: A predominantly Euro-Asian Minor plant, widely distributed in the northern hemisphere and known in the Caucasus, Central Asia, and North America. In Russia normal look in the European part, introduced into Siberia and the Far East.
Addition: It bushes weakly.
Spread bluegrass (Poa remota Forsell.)
Description of appearance:
Flowers: Panicle 15-35 cm long, widely spreading, with long rough branches. Spikelets are 3.5-5(6) mm long, 2-3-flowered, green, less often pale purple. Glumes at the top with spines. The lower floral scales are 2.5-4.5 mm long, with rough veins, glabrous, with a few sinuous hairs at the base.
Leaves: Leaves are tender, light green; plates 5-10(15) mm wide, flat, shortly pointed; leaf sheaths are flattened, about 5 mm wide; tongue 1.5-3.5 mm long, blunt.
Height: 60-150 cm.
Stem: Stems are smooth.
Root: With creeping rhizome.
Flowering and fruiting time:
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: Grows in swampy forests, along the banks of forest streams, on peat bogs; mainly in non-chernozem regions, it is rare to the south.
Prevalence: Predominantly European-Central Siberian species, distributed east to Central Asia and Mongolia. In Russia it is found in the central European part and in Siberia.
Addition: Forms loose turf. In some central regions, wild Western European Poa chaixii Vill., with bare lower flower scales, 2-5-flowered spikelets, shortened rhizome.
Poa bulbosa L.
Description of appearance:
Flowers: The panicle is usually dense, compressed, up to 6 cm long, with short rough branches and viviparous (i.e., turned into bulbs) spikelets. Spikelets up to 6 mm long, 4-7 flowers, green or purple.
Leaves: Leaf blades 1-2 mm wide, (2)5-10 times shorter than the sheaths, curled, rough along the edges; tongue 2.5-3.5(4.5) mm long.
Height: 10-30(50) cm.
Stem: Stems without leaves at the top, with a bulbous thickening at the base from the sheaths of old leaves.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms in spring and early summer.
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: It grows in the steppes, in dry meadows, in wastelands, near roads.
Prevalence: European-ancient Mediterranean-Iranian-Turanian species, distributed in Russia mainly in the southern half of the European part and in the south Western Siberia. In Central Russia, often in chernozem regions, much less often in the north, mainly as an alien plant.
Addition: Loose turf grass. Our most common form with spikelets turned into bulbs is often considered as a special species - Curly bluegrass (Poa crispa Thuill.).
Steppe bluegrass (Poa stepposa (Kryl.) Roshev.)
Description of appearance:
Flowers: Panicle compressed, up to 10 cm long, with sharply rough branches up to 4 cm long. Spikelets are 3-5 mm long, 3-5 flowers, yellowish-green, less often purple. The lower floral scales have indistinct veins, are short-pubescent along the keel and veins, and have a small number of sinuous hairs at the base.
Leaves: Leaf blades 0.5-1.25 mm wide, flat or rolled, rough; tongue 2-3 mm long.
Height: 15-50 cm.
Stem: Stem glabrous, sharply rough, without leaves at the top; the uppermost node is located in the lower third of the stem.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms in June, bears fruit in July.
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: It grows in the steppes, on outcrops of limestone and chalk.
Prevalence: A predominantly Asian species, distributed in Siberia, Middle and Central Asia, Mongolia, as well as in the eastern regions of the European part of Russia, reaching the Don basin in the west.
Addition: Turf plant.
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Medicines collected in the “God's pharmacy” do not have convenient packaging and labels on which they are written beneficial features and contraindications. And making a wrong choice here is very dangerous - if only because many plants are poisonous (see chapter “ Medicinal plants: dangerous properties and contraindications for use).
"Poa" is the Greek name for forage grass.
about 500 species of this genus, mainly mesophilic meadow and forest plants, distributed in all extratropical zones globe, as well as in the highlands of the tropics. A number of species can be used for ornamental purposes, mainly as lawn plants.
Perennial, rare annual plants 10-130 cm tall, with or without creeping underground shoots. Stems are erect. The leaf blades are linear, flat, less often folded lengthwise. Panicles more or less spreading, usually 4-15 cm long; spikelets 0.2-0.6 cm long, with 2-7 flowers; lower floral scales are lanceolate-ovate or broadly lanceolate, keeled, with 5 (3) veins, always without awns.
KEY TO IDENTIFYING SPECIES
1. Perennials with bulbous shoots thickened at the base, forming rather dense tufts; spikelets are usually turned into bulbs (viviparous) ..............2. M. bulbous - P. bulbosa.
+ The shoots at the base are not thickened in a bulbous manner; normally developed spikelets (not viviparous) .......2.
2. The lower floral scales are bare, without a tuft of hairs on the callus; leaf sheaths are strongly flattened laterally, 0.3-0.6 cm wide; leaf blades 0.4-1 cm wide...................3. M. She - P. chaixii.
+ The lower floral scales in the lower part of the keel and lateral veins are short-haired, usually with a tuft of long sinuous hairs on the callus, less often without them; leaf sheaths are slightly flattened and usually, like leaf blades, narrower....................................3.
3. Perennials with long creeping rhizomes that do not form turf; panicle branches slightly rough with scattered spines; lower floral scales with 5 clearly visible veins, at the base (on the callus) with a tuft of very abundant sinuous hairs......6. M. meadow - P. pratensis.
+ Plants without creeping rhizomes, forming more or less dense turf.........4.
4. The branches of the panicle are completely smooth; lower floral scales with 5 clearly visible veins, at the base (on the callus) without a distinct tuft of long sinuous hairs. Juvenile (often annual) light green plants; stems with 2-4 nodes close together at the bottom......1. M. annual - R. ashgaa.
+ The branches of the panicle are very rough from densely located spines; lower floral scales with 3 veins (middle, forming the keel and marginal), at the base with well-separated tufts of long sinuous hairs. Perennial green plants; stems with 3-5 spaced nodes.. 5.
5. Leaf tongues up to 0.8 mm long, almost invisible; the axis of the spikelet is more or less hairy......4. M. forest - P. nemoralis.
+ Leaf tongues 1-3 mm long; the axis of the spikelet is bare, but more or less rough with spines......5. M. swamp - P. palustris.
