Current projects of schoolchildren on ecology. Project work “City Ecology”
Pugacheva Daria
Ecology project "Schoolyard is my country"
Download:
Preview:
Environmental project “School yard is my country.”
Project developer:
Member of the environmental team of MOAU Secondary School No. 6 – Daria Pugacheva, 8th grade student.
Objective of the project:
Implementation of state policy in the field of patriotic and environmental education of youth;
Contributing to the improvement of the environmental situation in the school district, through the improvement and landscaping of the school site;
Formation of ecological culture of students on the basis of labor, spiritual and moral development of the individual through the joint activities of students, parents, teaching staff, residents of the microdistrict in the improvement of the school site and adjacent territories.
Project objectives:
To form an active civic position among the younger generation;
Fostering ecological culture and environmental consciousness among schoolchildren;
Promote the moral, aesthetic and labor education of schoolchildren;
Strengthen the regional focus of environmental education;
Involve children in finding mechanisms to solve pressing problems of the local community through the development and implementation of socially significant projects;
To develop a sense of personal responsibility for the state of the environment;
To develop the initiatives and creativity of schoolchildren through the organization of social meaningful activities– improvement of the school area;
Transform and improve the school grounds;
Conduct information and educational work to promote the environmental culture of students;
Research various shapes plants growing on the territory of Saratovskaya village and equipment of sites for medicinal plants, fruit trees and shrubs and flower beds on the school grounds.
Expected results:
Solving the problems of state policy in the field of environmental and patriotic education of youth;
Increasing the level of interest in the protection and conservation of the natural environment;
Development of students' organizational abilities;
Improvement and landscaping of the school grounds;
Annual organization of the environmental team of MOAU Secondary School No. 6;
Increasing the environmental culture of students;
Creating favorable conditions for preserving and strengthening the health of schoolchildren;
Attracting the attention of the population of the village to the problems of landscaping and landscaping, conservation environmental safety at the place of residence;
Promotion of environmental culture among students;
Expanding the species diversity of plants in the school site to improve the educational environment;
Using the school site for biology, geography lessons, visual arts, labor training.
Project implementation timeline: 2012 academic year.
Project implementation stages:
Stage 1 – preparatory – January-February 2012
Stage 2 – practical (research) – March - May 2012
Stage 3 – generalization – September-November 2012
Stage 4 – information and educational – December 2012
Justification of the relevance of the project.
“If every person on a piece of land
Did everything he could - how beautiful,
The Earth would be ours."
A.P. Chekhov.
“We are all passengers of one ship called Earth, which means there is simply nowhere to transfer from it,” wrote Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. Teaching a person to think not only about himself, but also about the world around him is not easy. Conservation and protection of nature allows you to feel your importance, adulthood, the ability to do important, useful things, really see the results of your activities, bring joy to others, and create beauty.
Our lot has been a difficult fate - to take part in the historical process of the revival of our Motherland. The new Russia should be a country not only democratic, but also environmentally friendly: without polluting factory chimneys, without the barbaric exploitation of forests and soils, with lakes and rivers not poisoned by untreated sewage.
We are all, without exception, children of one large kingdom of Nature. How to preserve it for future generations? How to live in harmony with her? How to learn to think ecologically and gain ecological self-awareness?
Maybe it’s better to learn to understand it and treat it with care from childhood? Realize the need to feel responsible for the relationship between Man and Nature, assess the causes of the unfavorable environmental situation. In my opinion, the best way to do this is with an example small area terrain. In this case, the school and its surrounding area can serve as such an experimental site. After all, school is common Home for all her students. And probably, every “its resident” would like to see their educational institution beautiful not only from the inside, but also from the outside. It is for this reason that I chose the theme of the project “School yard is my country.”
I believe that this topic is the most relevant because:
The school yard needs additional landscaping;
The school site is not fully used;
Schoolchildren have a low level of environmental activity.
To correctly assess the situation, I looked at it from different angles: environmental, biological, social, medical. In the school microdistrict, as in the entire village, the environmental and social situation is not the most favorable in the area. The courtyards adjacent to the school in the microdistrict are in unsatisfactory condition, which has an impact on Negative influence on the appearance of the school yard. And also, a survey of residents showed that 70% are dissatisfied with the condition of their yards, of which 45% agree to participate in the improvement of the surrounding area and provide all possible assistance to the school.
One of the negative factors is also the deterioration of the health of children, the growth of bad habits, and the useless pastime of teenagers, which can lead to negative consequences for the future of the entire region of the Saratovskaya village. Moreover, on the territory of our village there are social and environmental problems: dusty air due to the violation of grass cover in most of the territory, insufficient landscaping of the school site and areas near courtyards, low level of environmental activity among schoolchildren and residents of the microdistrict, low cultural level of communication with nature.
I believe that this project will help children express themselves, gain confidence in their own abilities, improve the school yard, and take part in the life of the school. Therefore, the active life position of schoolchildren is now important for the future of the entire village as a whole, and environmental education is modern stage development of human civilization is a priority direction for the development of the entire system of training and education and a systematizing factor in education. In my opinion, the period has come in the organization of environmental education when increasing its effectiveness can only be achieved through comprehensive, systematic approach- greening the entire educational institution, all components of the educational process at school.
In this regard, I developed a plan for the main activities of the project, which includes several stages.
Main stages of the project implementation.
Stage I – Preparatory.
1. Organization of creative groups working on the topic of the project, which can include all interested children.
2. Defining the goals and objectives of the project.
3. Assessment of the environmental situation, collection and processing of information, questionnaires, public opinion polls of residents of the microdistrict, study of the health status of children, employment of students, research on the topic of the project.
4. Preparing the area for landscaping and landscaping (uprooting dead trees and shrubs, dismantling buildings, clearing the area of debris).
5. Organizing a competition among students for the best sketch of a flower bed.
6. Sketching landscape design school area.
7. Organization of the work of environmental and labor teams.
8. Conducting a workshop “Design and Landscape”
9. Summing up the results of the first stage of the project.
Stage II – Practical.
1. Growing seedlings.
2. Sowing medicinal plants.
3. Planting tree seedlings.
4. Planting seedlings of fruit and berry plants (currants, rose hips, raspberries, rowan)
5. Plant care.
6. Carrying out research work on experimental sites with their subsequent presentation at various competitions and conferences.
7. Bringing sports facilities into an aesthetic state.
8. Laying out flower beds near the school facade.
9. Maintaining order of the grass cover and flower beds of the territory.
10. Publication of a newspaper with information on the results of activities related to the implementation of the project.
11. Summing up the results of the second stage of the project.
Stage III – Generalizing.
1. Analysis of the results obtained and generalization of experience for scientific work.
2. Publishing materials of project activities and methodological developments teachers.
3. Organizing work with students to prepare a project presentation.
4. Use of the collected material in lessons and extracurricular activities.
5. Generalization of work experience.
Stage IV – Information and educational.
1 Dissemination in school and local media of information about student activities related to the implementation of the project - throughout the year Press center.
Conclusion.
The basis of this project should be the organization of interesting, meaningful, socially significant, practical and environmental activities of school students, taking into account personal development, maximum identification, and use of the individual experience of each student; pedagogical support for the development of the child’s personality, in self-knowledge; personal practical contribution of everyone to the conservation of the nature of their village, their school.
During the implementation of the “Schoolyard is my country” project, the following work is expected to be completed:
Organization of joint activities of students, parents, teachers, residents of the microdistrict to implement the main activities of the project (form creative groups in different areas of activity, at the preparatory stage carry out landscape organization of the school territory, select plants for landscaping, collect information and survey schoolchildren, residents of the microdistrict for assessment ecological situation);
Uproot dead trees and shrubs;
Clean the school area from household waste (organize school-wide cleanup days);
Dismantle various buildings located on the school grounds;
Draw up a sketch of the landscape design of the school site;
Create additional flower beds on the school grounds;
Carry out landscaping of the territory (replenish the school garden with trees, shrubs, plant flowers in flower beds);
Cover the main stages of the work done through the school newspaper “Ecological Bulletin”;
Students of environmental teams take an active part in city and regional competitions;
Conduct explanatory work among younger schoolchildren and residents of the village;
Hold a competition for the best sketch of flower beds;
Collect seedlings for planting perennial flowers together with parents and residents of the neighborhood.
Prepare landing lists;
If possible, bring in soil for planting trees, shrubs, and flowers;
Restore grass cover in areas where it is necessary;
Paint sports facilities on school grounds;
Whitewash tree trunks;
Conduct a scientific and practical conference for students, to which they provide environmental reports;
Hold an exhibition of products and crafts made from waste and natural materials;
Compile maps of the species composition of trees and grasses on the school site;
Conduct environmental lessons environmental orientation (regional component);
During the week of biology and ecology, introduce students to medicinal plants growing in the school neighborhood and on the territory of the Saratov village.
List of used literature.
1. Everything about everything. Encyclopedia for children. Moscow "Bustard". – 2002
2. Mirkin B.M., Naumova L.G. Ecology of Russia. – M.: JSC MDS, 1998.
3. Khabarova E.I., Panova S.A. Ecology in tables. Reference manual. – M.: Bustard, 2001.
4. School environmental calendar: A manual for teachers / N.S. Dezhnikova, I.V. Snitko, D.L. Teplov; Ed. N.S. Dezhnikova. – M.: Education, 2003.
5. I explore the world: Det. Encyclopedia: Ecology / Comp. L.A. Bagrova; Under general ed. O.G. Hinn. – M.: LLC “Firm Publishing House AST”, 2000.
Goal: to expand the scope of knowledge of the surrounding natural world of our area. Objectives: -To educate the ecological culture of younger schoolchildren; -Expand your knowledge of environmental issues native land and attract the attention of the younger generation to them. -Develop the ability to work with received information: process, classify and present it.
Here ecology is a fashionable word, Nature did not know this before, Banks and bottles were not thrown into the bushes, waste and oil were not poured into the river. Our planet is still alive, but without protection it will die! If you want the world to become green, don't cut down the birch and maple trees!
Research apron Forests of Zelenograd - influence the entire ecosystem of the city Properties of the forest: health, recreation of people. Source of various raw materials (berries, mushrooms, wood) The influence of the forest on all types of the biosphere (people, animals, plants) Types of forests: coniferous, birch, pine, aspen, spruce forests Function of the forest: the main source of oxygen, it regulates water and soil balance
There was a picturesque pond where local residents loved to relax, on the banks of which rare birds of our area (lapwings) built their nests, but now it is gone, because... the banks are littered with garbage, it is not cleaned, the pond has turned into a large dirty puddle. The same story happened with the river in the village of Kamenka.
Riddle I'm wearing a bright red beret, In a gray satin jacket, I'm a friend to all the trees, And everyone calls me... beetles a day Where have the woodpeckers, the forest orderlies, gone?
Survey among the population We conducted a survey of 50 people of different ages. The question was: Who saw and heard woodpeckers in the wild and when? People aged 40 years and older are well acquainted with this bird and know what it looks like. People from 27 to 40 years old were less likely to encounter it, and some people did not encounter woodpeckers in the forest. But the lowest percentage of respondents was among students primary school, more than half of the children had never seen or heard the sound of woodpeckers. The number of woodpeckers has decreased and this also affected the spread of pest beetles.
We see that birds can no longer fully cope with this problem. Therefore, man comes to the aid of nature. Only cutting down diseased trees can stop the massive spread of these beetles. We learned that this year 6,500 trees were cut down and 4,500 were planted, many of which did not take root. This means that more trees are being cut down than are being planted.
17 Conclusions: 1. We learned to collect, classify and analyze the information received, as well as present the product of our work. 2. As a result of our work, we came to the understanding that nothing in nature is superfluous and everything is interconnected; 3. We want to attract as many people as possible more people to solve environmental problems of our region;
Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan
State Autonomous Professional Educational Institution
"Elabuga Polytechnic College"
"Ecological culture"
Elabuga, 2015
Table of contents:
Introduction ……………………………………………………………2
Main part ………………………………………………..…..3
Constitution of the Russian Federation on environmental protection……..……….….4
Environmental education……………………………….….…….4
Theoretical knowledge on ecological culture…………...….5
Main components of ecological culture………….…….6
Practical aspects of environmental culture…………….…..7
Ways to form an environmental culture in an educational institution:
A) Questionnaire …………………………………………….……9
B) Campaign “Feed the birds” ………………………………….…10
B) Action “Protection of Spruce” …………………………………………....11
D) Promotion “ Let's clean up the city "………………………………………eleven
D) Essay competition …………………………………………….11
E) Drawing competition ……………………………………………...12
G) Competition of own poems ………...13
H) Booklet competition ……………………………………………..13
I) Excursion ……………………………………………………..19
Fragments of the research work:
A) Determination of the state of atmospheric air ………......14
B) Determining water hardness at home ……..17
Conclusion ……………………………………………………….......20
Conclusion ………………………………………………….....20
Practical significance of the work carried out………….……20
Bibliography……………..…………………......21
Applications………………………………………………………….……22
Introduction
IN Lately man began to have a significant impact on the environment. Industrial development, an increase in the number of cars and deforestation lead to increased consumption of non-renewable or slowly renewable resources, pollution of the atmosphere and hydrosphere, and the development of the greenhouse effect. If people do not begin to take care of nature now, they will destroy not only it, but also themselves. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to cultivate a person’s ecological culture from an early age.
Goals:
Expanding and enriching knowledge that contributes to the development of students’ environmental culture;
Development of various forms of organizing environmental education, education and enlightenment of the younger generation;
Creating conditions for the formation of an ecological culture, the main feature of which is a responsible attitude towards nature.
Tasks:
Cultivate a caring attitude towards surrounding nature, curiosity, kindness, observation of living nature;
Promote students' desire to help and protect nature;
To provide systematic knowledge about the world around us, to teach how to apply knowledge in practice.
Methods and techniques:
observation;
collection of information;
work with literature;
processing of collected information;
excursions;
elements of research work.
Relevance.
Our task is to raise a caring, decent, emotional person who loves the place (regardless of his location) where he was born, not forgetting to love all living things; to treat the world around us tenderly and carefully, to develop the ecological culture of our students.
Forms of work:
Conversation with both students and their parents on parent meetings on the formation of environmental culture, environmental education;
Conducting a survey of students on the subject of their environmental culture;
Making booklets and feeders;
Opening of a canteen on the Maidan "Bird's Paradise"
Conducting competitions;
Carrying out promotions
Main part.
Human well-being depends on his properly constructed relationships with nature. And caring for nature should become the norm of human behavior. Therefore, the goal of my work on environmental education, environmental culture: the use of effective forms and methods of teaching to develop in students knowledge, skills and abilities that contribute to active actions to protect the environment and the formation of an environmental culture.
The Constitution of the Russian Federation (Article 42) stipulates:
everyone has the right to:
favorable environment;
reliable information about her condition;
for compensation for damage caused to his health or property by an environmental violation.
The state must bear full responsibility for the condition and safety natural resources countries and habitats.
Unfortunately,
The state has not yet fulfilled this task.
The state of the environment in Russia is characterized as an ecological crisis!
The main directions of work on the formation of environmental culture:
Theoretical knowledge;
Practical knowledge;
An experiment as a fragment of research work.
Environmental education.
Solving environmental and social problems of society is possible under the condition of a new type of ecological culture. “It is in our days that the entire system of education and upbringing needs to be greened. The purpose of this transformation is the penetration of modern environmental ideas and values in all spheres of society. Only through greening the entire public life it is possible to save humanity from an environmental catastrophe (N.M. Mamedov)"
In progress research activities Students' character is strengthened and formed, and a sense of mutual assistance and collectivism develops. Research activities based on computer technologies help to diversify educational activities, increase the motivation of students to independently study the subject.
Theoretical knowledge of ecological culture.
Ecological culture is a system of knowledge, skills, values, human orientation in the field of science, art, as well as active activities to preserve and improve the environment.
This is the result of the pedagogical process, the purpose of which is to develop in students a conscious attitude towards interaction with nature, a set of environmental values about the essence of interaction with nature, skills and practical skills for the wise use of natural resources.
A thorough study of environmental problems shows that people should not only protect nature, but use it wisely. Man protects and preserves nature for himself, but also protects it from himself.
Hence it is clear that the cause of environmental crises lies not in nature itself, but in consciousness, behavior, and human activity.
Therefore, at present, when forming an environmental culture, it is important to include the following aspects:
environmental ethics is the doctrine of the moral relations between nature and man, which is based on the acceptance of nature as a partner, the equality of all living things and the limitation of human needs and rights.
The task of environmental ethics: the destruction of consumer attitudes towards nature, based on the position that man is the master of nature. The rights of nature are a form fair treatment man to nature. Man must protect and recognize the rights of nature. Basic principles of environmental ethics that must be observed:
Do no harm;
Respect for the rights of nature;
Compensation for damage;
Not interference.
Moral philosophy is a field of thought whose subject is not only morality, and its theory - ethics as a very distant subject, but also normative and descriptive ethics or morality.
Ecological imperative (“the limit of permissible human activity, which he has no right to cross under any circumstances”).
Ecological culture is a set of requirements and norms that apply to environmental activities and a person’s readiness to follow these requirements and norms.
The structure of culture consists of the unity of culture, attitude towards nature, culture, attitude towards society and other people. Only if these three components are observed, it is possible to talk about an ecological culture, which indicates the interaction of a person with the environment.
Ecological culture is a system of knowledge, skills, values, human orientations in the field of science, art, as well as active activities to preserve and improve the environment.
This is the result of a pedagogical process aimed at developing in the student a conscious attitude towards interaction with nature, the totality of interaction with nature, the ability and practical skills of rational use of natural resources.
The main components of an individual’s ecological culture are:
Human knowledge about nature, its interrelations, ways of preserving and assisting the natural environment; - interest in nature, in living and non-living components, in the problem of its protection;
Moral and aesthetic feelings;
Positive, varied activities aimed at preserving and enhancing nature, decent behavior in the human environment;
Motives that determine the actions of children in nature (cognitive, sanitary and hygienic, aesthetic, etc.)
Humanity is inextricably linked with nature. Now the issues of its interaction with humans have grown into a global environmental crisis, which includes:
Biosphere pollution;
Changes in the physical, chemical, biological qualities of our planet;
Changing ecosystems and deteriorating human health.
If people do not begin to take care of nature now, they will destroy not only it, but also themselves. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to cultivate a person’s ecological culture from an early age, starting with kindergarten, schools, and later other educational institutions.
Practical aspects of ecological culture.
The interaction between culture and nature is carried out by humans. The way a person was raised will be his attitude towards nature.
If from an early age a feeling of kindness and tenderness is instilled in a child; love reigns in the house, according to the principle “Love your neighbor as yourself,” warmth of relationships, mutual understanding, the ability to understand each other even in the most difficult and contradictory situations, then in such families children grow up who are sensitive and attentive not only towards each other, but also in relation to the nature around us.
And the teacher’s task is to develop these positive character traits and direct them in the right direction. Such a student, with the support of a teacher, will not be indifferent, indifferent, careless, will not be able to pass by someone else’s pain, past a person who needs protection and support; which will always stop a person breaking a twig of a recently planted tree, although it may be much weaker in strength.
It is easier to work with such students and it is easier to teach them decency and nobility in relation to nature.
But we must call things by their proper names; such situations happen much less frequently. Most often, families are dominated by dissatisfaction with each other, anger, snobbery, mistrust, lies, envy, and sometimes even hatred. And the baby, being brought up in such a family, absorbs these same qualities and vices. Coming to our educational institution, years later, he will fall into the category of “difficult teenagers” and we, teachers, have a lot of painstaking work to “pick up the key” to such a student, to let him believe in himself, involving him in various activities, including including environmental ones.
The reality around us - nature - is alive. She immediately responds to our introduction. How we treat her is how she responds to us.
Therefore, I want to say loudly: “People stop! Change your attitude towards each other! Stop being acquisitive and greedy, and it’s better to try to help someone completely disinterestedly, just like that, from the bottom of your heart. Go out into nature regularly, take care of the clearing where you are relaxing, don’t forget to pick up trash after yourself, put out the fire, listen to the birds singing, and not turn on the music at the highest volume; because in the forest, on the lawn, there is a life of its own, and taking into account our smaller brothers is our duty, our direct responsibility!”
And her “Majesty Nature”, seeing our caring attitude towards her, will stop presenting us with various environmental disasters. How I want to believe in it! Hope always dies last!
At Elabuga Polytechnic College, the attitude towards environmental education is serious: students try to take part in all environmental activities, showing interest in ecology
Dissemination of theoretical environmental knowledge in college is primarily associated with the study of the subject “Ecological Fundamentals of Environmental Management”, both in class and outside of class time, composing and solving puzzles and crosswords.
The dissemination of practical environmental knowledge is confirmed by the regular holding of subject weeks, which include promotions and competitions.
In order to find out the attitude towards ecology and cleanliness of the city, check the presence of environmental culture among students. Our college students were divided into groups: some made up questions on a questionnaire, resulting in 20 questions; and others - there were 240 of them - were asked to take part in the survey, only on one condition: that they answer honestly.
A) Questionnaire. (Annex 1)
Answer options: “yes”, “no”.
1. Do you throw trash in the trash?
2. Do you participate in garbage collection voluntarily?
3. Do you consider Yelabuga a clean city?
4. Will you throw a bottle that is lying in the middle of the road/sidewalk into the trash bin?
5. Do you think that throwing trash from windows is uncivilized?
6. Do you think that plastic bottles harm the environment?
7. Have you left the territory of the educational institution to collect garbage?
8. Do you rarely use your car?
9. Would you give up cars and switch to a bicycle?
10. Do you think it is necessary to have sorting bins?
(glass, flammable substances, plastic)?
11. Do you check exhaust gases during inspection?
12. Do you think that car exhaust gases harm people and the environment?
13. Do you think that factories should be located far from cities?
14. Do you plant trees?
15. Do you grow plants at home?
16. Do you walk in the park?
17. Should we increase the number of parks and trees?
18. Are you involved in environmental movements?
19. Do you litter on public transport?
20. Do the reagents work well?
Based on the results of the survey, it is clear that the issue of environmental culture is not at the proper level for everyone and work needs to be done on its development.
“God gave us birds so that we could see every day what beauty is. But we rarely look at the sky and forget about beauty and freedom" (Confucius)
B) “Feed the Birds” campaign.(Appendix 2)
Caring for “our little brothers” leaves no one indifferent
Making feeders with your own hands and hanging them (competition)
Constant feeding of birds, bird canteen - “Bird Paradise”.
Distribution of leaflets in microdistricts 4 and 12
Conversation with children from kindergarten
Making drawings (competition)
Book exhibition
B) Action “Protection of Spruce”
In it, students make models of badges that they want to live. Kornilova Natalya 021 “Product technology Catering"shows his personal attitude:
« Have pity on the Christmas trees, let them grow
After all, they are beauties, they give us air!
The ax rose above her to cut her down,
Think about the fact that she also wants to live! "(Appendix 3)
D) Action “Let’s clean up the city”
It is very difficult to get people to do anything. If they sometimes cannot clean up their yard, what can we say about others. But it is important to convince, try, look for solutions: on your own by example constantly take part in community cleanups under the motto: “It’s clean not where they clean, but where they don’t litter!” (Appendix 4)
D) Essay competition.
In an essay competition on the topic “Take care of nature,” students express their position in relation to nature and their native land.
Excerpts from the essay (Iplace) Balobanova Olga. 481, specialty “Chemical technology of inorganic substances”
“...One day, in despair, wandering along the street of my native village, I, tired of the sun, decided to go into a small forest, which is located three hundred meters from me. There, in addition to birches, other trees, and various shrubs, herbs and flowers grow. I felt like a happy person in this small forest. She lay down on the grass, hugged her, pressed herself to the ground and did not feel how she fell asleep.
I was awakened by the chirping of restless sparrows, who also hid from the heat in this amazing corner of nature. I turned my face up and there, high behind the treetops, a small piece of the sky was looking at me. I lay there for a long time, wonderful thoughts about my recent acquaintance with an interesting person came into my head. I didn’t want to leave so much; light clouds were looking at me from the sky, and it seemed to me that they were smiling and calling me to follow them. And I thought how much charm the forest has, how gentle and welcoming it is!”
Excerpts from the essay (IIplace).
Fatykhova Guzel491, specialty “Mechanical Engineering Technology”
« … Forest is one of the most important ecosystems that makes our lives better, because forests are the lungs of the planet.
Nowadays, little attention is paid to forests, although parks and protected areas are being created. A very large part of the forest is being cut down, a large number of trees are being destroyed due to fires. All this happens due to the negligence of people. People don't value what they have, only after losing it will they begin to value it; appreciate nature as it is..."
E) Our students take part in a drawing competition, where they show their attitude to nature.
Drawing competitions - Alexander Volkov, 291, specialty “Mechanical Engineering Technology” - ( I place) (Appendix 5)
G) Making booklets reminds us of behavior in nature.
Booklet competition.
Booklet competition - Mikhail Kreshchenov. 481 “Chemical technology of inorganic substances” ( I place) (Appendix 6)
H) Self-composed poetry competition
The competition of poems of one's own composition leaves no one indifferent and makes one think about the meaning of existence. The winner of this competition was Anastasia Ilyasova - she writes sensually and soulfully.
Author: Ermakov Pavel Alexandrovich. –051a, specialty “Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles” (Iplace)
Take care of nature guys,
Take care of forests and fields,
Take care of spring water
After all, this is sacred land.
Let's save all the lakes, trees,
So that they may be eternal
To make it like last time
The trees did not stand alone.
Blue and clear sky,
To always be above them, -
Take care of nature guys
After all, there is only one nature.
People trample and spoil nature,
They set fire to and cut down forests,
Let's create a protected area
Our land will be preserved.
To develop skills in research activities, develop logical literacy, and cognitive abilities of students, certain work is carried out.
Research plan:
Preliminary stage: determining what you need to know about the environmental problem being studied. Identifying local environmental issues.
Determining the purpose of the research and ways to solve it.
Research stage: studying the state of the environment or the proposed problem in practice, conducting field research, surveys, working with additional literature. Then planning an experiment based on theoretical knowledge and practical skills and conducting an experiment.
Analysis of work and dissemination of experience results.
Studying the state of atmospheric air in the area of the college, Lenin Square, and the Elaza clinic.
Purpose of the study:
Improving the research activities of the younger generation aimed at studying the nature of their native land and assessing its ecological state;
Study of an area with more favorable environmental indicators.
Research objectives:
Study articles and literature on the topic under study;
Study the state of atmospheric air in various areas and the adverse effects on human health;
Analyze where the air is cleaner and why.
Research methods:
Observation;
Study of literature;
Experiment.
Subject of study
Air.
Completing of the work
We chose 3 places in the city to carry out measurements (college area; Lenin Square; clinic area)
We counted the number of vehicles, dividing them into 4 main types (“cars”, “gazelles”, “buses”, “trucks”), on a section 60 meters long, in 20 minutes. (N)
We calculated the number of vehicles of each type in 1 hour. (N 1 =N*(60/ t))
We calculated the distance traveled in 1 hour by each type.(L=S*N 1 )
We calculated the volume of fuel burned on this selected section of the route.(Q=L*V)
V –specific consumption fuel:
Cars: 0.12 l/km
Gazelle: 0.17 l/km
Bus: 0.42 l/km
Freight: 0.33 l/km
The volume of exhaust gases was calculated. (per 1 liter of fuel produces approximately 16 liters of exhaust)
Calculated the quantity harmful substances, allocated by motor vehicles, based on the data obtained on the volume of exhaust, and based on table 1.
We entered all the calculation results into tables, separately for each region.
Calculation example .
College area.
Cars:N = 76
Time:t= 20 min.
Section length:S= 60 m.
Transport per hour:N 1 = N*(60/ t)
N 1 = 76*(60/20)= 228
Distance traveled in 1 hour:L= S* N 1
L= 60*228=13680 m = 13.68 km.
Volume of fuel burned:Q= L* V ( Vfor cars = 0.12 l/km)
Q=13.68*0.12= 1.6416 l
Exhaust volume: for 1 liter of burned fuel there are approximately 16 liters of exhaust.
1.6416*16= 26.2656 l
The minimum and maximum amount of harmful substances, based on the percentage data from the table. #1:
CO 2 min. = 26.2656*0= 0 l
CO 2 max.=26.2656*0.16= 4.202496 l
Soot max.=0.04*(26.2656*0.001)= 0.001050624 gr.
similarly for other substances.
Let's fill out the table. We build graphs of the state of atmospheric air in microdistricts. (Appendix 7)
Conclusion:
As can be seen from the graph, the college area was the cleanest.
And the most polluted area is the Lenin Square area.
Do not pollute the environment and preserve the few parks and green spaces in your area of residence, plant new young trees.
Spend as much time as possible on fresh air, and use the Internet moderately (20 minutes a day), only when preparing homework.
Take part in the planting more trees to take care of the health and cleanliness of the area.
A person cannot live without water; the water in our region is quite hard and we can show you how to determine the hardness at home.
Determining water hardness at home
This method was described in his book by I. Sheremetyev. This method is based on the fact that laundry soap, like any other, is difficult to wash out in hard water. And only when the soap binds excess calcium and magnesium salts does soap foam appear.
To determine water hardness, you need to weigh one gram of laundry soap, grind it and carefully dissolve it in a small amount of hot distilled water so as not to form foam. Distilled water can be purchased at auto stores. It is used to add to the battery when the electrolyte concentration increases.
Next, pour the soap solution into a cylindrical glass and add distilled water to a level of 6 centimeters if the soap is 60% or to a level of 7 centimeters if the soap is 72%. The percentage of soap content is indicated on the bar. Now, each centimeter of the level of the soap solution contains an amount of soap capable of binding hardness salts, the amount of which corresponds to 1 mg/l in 1 liter of water. Next in liter jar pour half a liter of test water. And stirring continuously, we gradually add our soap solution from the glass to the jar with the water being tested. At first there will only be gray flakes on the surface. Then multi-colored soap bubbles will appear. The appearance of stable white soap foam indicates that all the hardness salts in the water being tested are bound. Now we look at our glass and determine how many centimeters of solution we had to pour from the glass into the water being tested. Each centimeter binds in half a liter of water an amount of salts corresponding to 2 mg/l. Thus, if you had to pour 4 centimeters of soap solution into the water before foam appeared, then the hardness of the water being tested is 8 mg/l.
If you poured the entire soap solution into the water, but no foam appeared, this means that the hardness of the water being tested is more than 12 mg/l. In this case, dilute the test water twice with distilled water. And we analyze again. Now the resulting stiffness result will need to be multiplied by two. The resulting value will correspond to the hardness of the water being tested.
With certain experience, the error of the method is about 1 - 2 mg/l. Which is quite acceptable for our purposes. Considering the simplicity and accessibility of the method, it certainly deserves attention.
The experiment was carried out by me, having examined the water at home, I found that the hardness of the water in my house is 12 ml/l, with a norm of 6-7 mg/l - the water is quite hard.
1 . I took a piece of laundry soap weighing 1 gram.
2 .Heated distilled water, crumbled a piece of soap into hot water
3 .Poured hot distilled water into a cylindrical glass.
4 .Added distilled water to a level of 6 cm
5 .Took a liter jar and poured half a liter of the test water into it
6 .Slowly stirring the water in a liter jar, slowly poured in the soap solution.
7. Having poured all the soap solution into a liter jar, I found that the water hardness was 12 mg/l.
Conclusion: the water of this sample is hard, at a rate of 7 mg/l, we got 12 mg/l, the water can be softened by boiling (Appendix 8)
Excursions are important, which contribute to a visual perception of what they see, including an excursion to the water utility. (Appendix 9)
Conclusion.
Conclusion:
The environmental problem is getting worse every year. The air we breathe, the water we drink, and the soil are becoming more and more polluted every day.
Our research shows that transport pollutes the air, the number of springs and wells becomes smaller every year, and the number of landfills, on the contrary, increases.
To do this, we need to hold cleanup days more often, clear everything around of garbage, reduce the number of landfills and plant trees for landscaping.
Ways to solve environmental problems.
Engine translation internal combustion on gaseous fuel;
The existing long-term experience of operating a car using propane-butane mixtures shows a huge environmental effect. In automobile emissions the amount of carbon monoxide, heavy metals and hydrocarbons;
To reduce the emissions of an entire vehicle fleet, the emissions of each vehicle must be reduced. Engine design needs to be improved.
Replace gasoline diesel fuel to biofuel, which is more environmentally friendly and safe.
Practical significance of the environmental project:
The developed booklets can be used as propaganda material for the population and in social institutions, when working in children's educational institutions
The materials of this work can be used in classes in NGOs and secondary vocational education institutions in the subject “Ecological foundations of environmental management”, in particular, when studying the topic “Industrial enterprises and waste disposal”, in the subject “Fundamentals of Law” when studying the section “Environmental Law”, can be used as information material when conducting extracurricular activities on environmental education.
And also in the subject “Chemistry” when studying the topics “The most important classes of inorganic compounds”, “Water”, “Production of sulfuric acid”, “Production of nitric acid”, “Production of ammonia”, “Industrial oil refining”.
This work has applied significance, where elements of the promising research work were carried out independently and will help teachers in the formation of an environmental culture.
Thus, by forming an ecological culture among students, a general personal culture is formed, aimed at developing norms of moral, humane behavior of people and caring for the environment - a condition for the formation of an environmental culture - the effective implementation of professional activities.
Bibliography:
Aksenov I. We and our land. M.: Young Guard, 1986.
Alekseeva A. The Earth is our home. Publisher: Young Guard, 1999.
Akhatov A. Ecology. encyclopedic Dictionary. Kazan, Tatar book publishing house, 1995.
Great Medical Encyclopedia, M, 2001. Editor-in-Chief – Academician V.V. Petrovsky; Volume No. 4, Edition 3; publishing house: " Soviet encyclopedia» Moscow, 1976 Publisher: Media Service Company CJSC; editor Matte Black.
Mamedov N.M. " Theoretical basis"Environmental education - M.-1995.
Ursul A.D. “The path to the noosphere. The concept of survival and sustainable development" - M. - 1993.
Annex 1.
Questioning.
The survey results are presented in the graph:
Appendix 2.
Bird dining room – “Bird Paradise”.
Appendix 3.
Spruce protection
Neretin Ilya. 631 “Welding production”
Take care of the Christmas trees!
We take great care of our Christmas trees,
And as an insult, we don’t give them to anyone.
You, not knowing how much benefit they bring to us,
Chop them without sparing, with your axe.
Do you understand these loud words,
And after thinking about it, cut down this Christmas tree or No !!!
Appendix 4.
Let's clean up the city!
Appendix 5.
Drawing competition.
Volkov Alexander 291 “Mechanical Engineering Technology” -Iplace
Nigemov Niyaz 231 “Welding production”
Shaydullova Alsou 221 “Technology of public catering products”
Kharisova Rezeda 481 “Chemical technology of inorganic substances”
Safiulin Rail 951a "Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles"
Appendix 6.
Booklet competition.
Kreshchenov Mikhail. 481 “Chemical technology of inorganic substances”
Let's save the forests!
Pines
Forget the disease, open the window, breathe in
pine pre-dawn humidity,
meaningfully remain silent about important things,
and don’t notice anything else at all.
Perhaps these pines are tall
not because nature's plan,
but because the sailing fleet
laid down, contrary to nature.
And in each there is a silent dream,
say “dream” and you will hear “mast”
everything else doesn’t mean more,
than empty squirrel vanity.
Everything else is wet slice,
and the prospect of living with phantom pain,
and see how it crosses the field
road leaving the forest.
Andrey Medinsky
Forest is the main wealth of man. It is called the lungs of the planet, it provides people with wood, mushrooms and berries, and serves as a home for animals. The forest will disappear from the globe, animals and birds will disappear, and man himself will disappear. And these are not loud words, it really is so. Preserving the forest is an important task for each of us.
Appendix 7.
Table No. 1
Content of harmful substances in exhaust gases.
Substances
Diesels
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) , about.%
0,0-16,0
1,0-10,0
Carbon monoxide (CO) , about.%
0,1-5,0
0,01-0,5
Nitrogen oxides (NO), about.%
0,0-0,8
0,0002-0,5
Hydrocarbons(CH), about.%
0,2-3,0
0,09-0,5
Aldehydes, vol.%
0,0-0,2
0,001-0,009
Soot, g/m 3
0,0-0,04
0,01-1,10
Benzpyrene g/m 3
10-20·10 −6
10×10 −6
College area.
amount of transport
section length
time
number of vehicles per hour
specific fuel consumption
burnt fuel
passenger cars:
min
228
13,68
km
0,12
l/km
1,6416
liters
gazelle:
18
54
3,24
km
0,17
l/km
0,5508
liters
bus:
2
6
0,36
km
0,42
l/km
0,1512
liters
cargo:
0
0
0
km
0,33
l/km
0
liters
CO2 ( l)
CO( l)
NO( l)
exhaust volume
min.
Max.
min.
Max.
min.
Max.
passenger cars:
26,2656
liters
0
4,202496
0,0262656
1,31328
0
0,2101248
gazelle:
8,8128
liters
0
1,410048
0,0088128
0,44064
0
0,0705024
bus:
2,4192
liters
0
0,387072
0,0024192
0,12096
0
0,0193536
cargo:
0
liters
0
0
0
0
0
0
Content of harmful substances.
Lenin Square
Number of vehicles on the roads.
amount of transport
section length
time
number of vehicles per hour
total distance traveled in 1 hour
specific fuel consumption
burnt fuel
passenger cars:
228
60
m
20
min
684
41,04
km
0,12
l/km
4,9248
liters
gazelle:
34
102
6,12
km
0,17
l/km
1,0404
liters
bus:
4
12
0,72
km
0,42
l/km
0,3024
liters
cargo:
0
0
0
km
0,33
l/km
0
liters
CO2 ( l)
CO( l)
NO( l)
exhaust volume
min.
Max.
min.
Max.
min.
Max.
passenger cars:
78,7968
liters
0
12,60749
0,0787968
3,93984
0
0,6303744
gazelle:
16,6464
liters
0
2,663424
0,0166464
0,83232
0
0,1331712
bus:
4,8384
liters
0
0,774144
0,0048384
0,24192
0
0,0387072
cargo:
0
liters
0
0
0
0
0
0
Content of harmful substances.
ELAZ Polyclinic.
Number of vehicles on the roads
amount of transport
section length
time
number of vehicles per hour
total distance traveled in 1 hour
specific fuel consumption
burnt fuel
passenger cars:
228
60
m
20
min
684
41,04
km
0,12
l/km
4,9248
liters
gazelle:
34
102
6,12
km
0,17
l/km
1,0404
liters
bus:
4
12
0,72
km
0,42
l/km
0,3024
liters
cargo:
0
0
0
km
0,33
l/km
0
liters
CO2 ( l)
CO( l)
NO( l)
exhaust volume
min.
Max.
min.
Max.
min.
Max.
passenger cars:
78,7968
liters
0
12,60749
0,0787968
3,93984
0
0,6303744
gazelle:
16,6464
liters
0
2,663424
0,0166464
0,83232
0
0,1331712
bus:
4,8384
liters
0
0,774144
0,0048384
0,24192
0
0,0387072
cargo:
0
liters
0
0
0
0
0
0
Content of harmful substances.
Based on the results obtained, a graph was constructed that clearly shows the pollution of individual microdistricts.
Comparison of air pollution in city neighborhoods.
Appendix 8.
How to determine water hardness at home:
1.
2.
3,4.
5,6.
Appendix 9.
Excursion to the water utility
At the water utility, to purify and disinfect water, they addAl2 (SO4)3
Polyacrymilin
Filtration of water from large particles
Filters where water is purified using quartz sand
Sample Topics environmental projects. Study of the impact of phytoncides on pests cultivated plants(agroecology). Study of the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of zooplankton distribution in Lake Maloye (hydroecology). Immunotoxic effect of decomposition products of chemical compounds in surface waters of the Leonidovka region (chemical ecology). Study of the influence of anthropogenic load on the species composition of bioindicators of the floodplain meadow of the Yaya River (plant ecology). Ecological problems and public reaction to them in conditions of social and economic crisis (social ecology).
Slide 6 from the presentation “Environmental projects” for ecology lessons on the topic “Education”Dimensions: 720 x 540 pixels, format: jpg.
To download a free slide for use in an ecology lesson, right-click on the image and click “Save Image As...”.You can download the entire presentation “Environmental Project.ppt” in a 50 KB zip archive.
“Theory of Ecology” - Soft Science Immature science Image: lawn. Department of General Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University. Introduction to general ecology. Competition. marsupial lion. Ecology: Introductory lecture. Synedra ulna. Population density. (2) Z is a power (allometric) function of body mass W. ? = ?? = e-?. M. 2005, p. 6).
“Using Indicators” - SOE Indicators. 1. Use of indicators in government reports on the state of the environment of Turkmenistan.
“Projects on ecology” - Prize of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia “Best environmental project of the year”. Exhibition “Reserved Russia”. Official reception of the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources. Projects 2009. Ecology and Peace Foundation. Cooperation. "Russia is reserved." “Best environmental project of the year – 2009.” "Green Arrow". This is the first time such an event has been held in Russia.
"Ecological Conference" - The ratio of organizations - winners. By organization: 2 opening and closing areas, 8 sections, 4 leisure areas, Animation program. By section: Analysis of the distribution of topics. 2nd place. Conference. 43 general education uchr. 8 educational institutions of the Moscow region. 7 UDO 5 educational associations 149 teachers 19 are guests of the event.
“Pollution of the Chelyabinsk atmosphere” - EURT area in Chelyabinsk region about 23 thousand sq. km. Ai River. The areas of pollution are especially extensive (11-13 thousand sq. km) around Chelyabinsk and Magnitogorsk. Sak-Elga River. Nuclear pollution. Miass Tool Plant. Completed by: student of class 11 “A” of municipal educational institution “gymnasium No. 19” Kunkel Julia. Water pollution.
“Textbooks on ecology” - Applied ecology. Yu.V. Trofimenko. - M.: Publishing center "Academy", 2006. - 400 p., p. color ill. Ecology: Transport structure and environment. Ecology of populations and communities. For higher education students educational institutions. Ecology. Can be used by specialists conducting environmental research.
Experts believe that by 2050, the amount of plastic in the oceans will exceed the amount of fish. Due to the catastrophes threatening the world, the role of environmental projects and startups is rapidly increasing.
Business idea No. 6044
The Doctella service allows medical institutions quickly create your own mobile applications using ready-made templates selected specifically for the healthcare sector.
Investments from 200,000 rub.
Renting cottages and camp sites under the "House for Rent" franchise
A clear and simple business for renting cottages and camp sites for a day and long term, which only requires a telephone and Internet access. Sales experience is not required.
Business idea No. 6043
Works in the Chinese city of Guiyang tea shop, which employs only deaf employees. Only one cashier has no hearing problems.
Startup Crowbar from Holland has found original way collecting cigarette butts. They decided to entrust the responsibilities to the crows, who throw them into the machines in exchange for food.
Design collective Supercyclers is setting an example of how to act in times of rapidly expanding trash islands in the world's oceans: recycling plastic into stylish...
Local Bee Hives are man-made bee hives designed for bees to thrive in urban environments that will appeal to hobby beekeepers who...
Investments from 300,000 rub.
A business that operates in small towns and villages. Revenue from film screenings for 1 day averages 15-50 thousand rubles, we also add the sale of popcorn and cola, and we will increase our box office by another 40...
Creatives from Y&R Russia created wine bottles with a comic that illustrates the consequences of irresponsible drinking.
Creative...
In many parts of the world, laundries for the homeless have begun to actively appear. Now they have decided to repeat the experience of Australian and American volunteers in St. Petersburg. ...
Indian company EnviGreen has developed bags made of biodegradable plastic. The creators assure that the material is 100% organic and even if you eat the package, it will be completely digested, for no reason...
Designer David Davod has developed a project for the Linnaeus transformable drone, which allows you to monitor the condition of plants and trees from the ground and from the air.
Designer David Yes...
Investments from 800,000 rub.
MIO is one of the leaders in the wholesale and retail trade of optics and the first discounter chain in Russia. Own customer traffic, low entry threshold, area from 20 sq. m. Turnkey store in 15 days....
The authorities of Shenzhen, China, plan to transform the city's old highway into a multimodal transport system designed to transport the vehicles of the future....
A new Russian clothing brand has presented a line of environmentally friendly sweatshirts. All products are made from fabric made from recycled plastic bottles.
New Russian...
Investments from 149,000 rub. Passive and easy laundry business with washing machines
with a bill acceptor (laundromat) under the Stirkatime.ru franchise. One Laundromat can earn up to 20 thousand rubles per month.
What benefits can you get from old car tires besides creating swans and flower beds? African craftsmen also make shoes from used tires, which are sold to the local population and... The Korean company Enomad has developed a portable device that can generate electricity to charge gadgets using running water
. Dimensions of the “hydroelectric power station...
Fiddler is offering Americans the opportunity to save 50% on their energy bills and cut their carbon footprint in half with wind.
American...
They want to plant... a forest in Times Square in New York. Donations are being collected on the Kickstarter crowdfunding platform.
The organizers of the project The PopUP F... Investments from 60,000 rub. Production of luminous finishing materials and paving slabs under the Oscar franchise New species finishing materials
