Production of rotary mowers. DIY rotary mower. Features of the design and operating principle of the mounted mower

Rotary mower models

Rotary mowers for MTZ 80/82 are produced at various enterprises. The licensed model of the Belarusian Tractor Plant is called KRN (mounted rotary mower). But Chinese, Japanese, Russian manufacturers offer equipment with a similar aggregation system and they are also suitable for MTZ 80/82 tractors. Let's take a closer look at the most popular models and reviews about them.

SRC model for MTZ

The KRN-2.1 model was developed in compliance with the norms of tradition, but at the same time, new technologies were used in the design. You can see it in more detail in the video. The video shows what the equipment looks like. In the video you can also see how the equipment works. In terms of its performance indicators, the KRN is superior to all known analogues, as it was developed specifically for the MTZ 80\82 tractor.

Currently, two types of KRN models are produced: 2.1 m and 2.1b. They differ in configuration. The equipment is suitable for harvesting fallen, fresh thick grass, bushes, weeds or residues from corn and sunflowers. After mowing, the grass is laid in an even bevel, which can then be easily dried and removed.

Among the advantages and features of the CRN, the following stand out:

1. The cutting elements have a modern protective device. It improves productivity and expands functionality. Its peculiarity is that it slopes away from the obstacle by 45 degrees. The knives will not become dull and the work will be continuous.
2. The number of knives in China 2.1 is 8 pieces. They are made of durable steel, so they will last for many years.
3. All mowers are tested in a test mode before entering the store. Therefore, products with minor defects or defects in work will not reach the buyer.
4. The gearbox housing is reinforced and the working parts are sealed.
5. Suitable for tractors with power from 1.4: MTZ 80, 82, LTZ 55.

Mowing grass by hand requires too much effort, and now this old-fashioned method is used only in small and inconveniently located areas. The KRN-2.1 mounted mower together with a tractor will be able to cope with large volumes of wild or specially sown grass. And the mown mass, laid in neat rows, dries quickly and is easy to clean up.

This unit is produced not by one enterprise, but by several. For example, the Selkhozmash plant, located in the city of Lyubertsy, Moscow region, which produces equipment from Belarusian spare parts. Or PKF "Rakita", located in Kirov. Let’s also name “Smolenskspetstekh” (city of Smolensk) and Kokhanovsky Excavator Plant (Belarus). Mowers from Tver, manufactured by the Bezhetskselmash plant, are especially popular. They are considered the most durable and reliable.

The device is equipped with four rapidly spinning rotors, located in pairs, one opposite the other. At the ends they have eight sharp plate knives (two on each rotor), mounted on hinges. They cut the grass (even withered and crushed ones) as clean as razors.

The rotary design allows you to lay evenly all the heap that is mowed. It is cut off from the growing grass by a special field divider.

Note that today the KRN-2.1 mounted mower model is practically not produced in its pure form. As a rule, the letter “A” (standard version) or “B” is added at the end of the marking. In the latter case, the design is slightly changed - instead of two pulleys of different diameters, identical ones are used. Because of this, the speed of the tractor PTO increases to 1000 rpm.

Purpose

The machine is suitable for working with traction devices of class 0.9 to 1.4 - it is attached to them from the rear using a tractor linkage system. After this, you can start mowing - by the way, one person is enough to operate it. The mower will easily cut abundantly grown grass, small bushes and thickets of weeds, remove weeds, and clear the pasture or hayfield. In this case, uneven terrain or a slight slope of the ground will not be a hindrance.

It is useful and practical to use the KRN-2.1 model where the yield exceeds fifteen tons per hectare. She copes best with dense grass thickets, moving with dexterity and confidence. The machine works in any climate.
Photo of rotary mower KRN-2.1

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages:

• A perfectly even cut obtained from the blades of rapidly moving plate knives.
• The bevel is laid evenly, which facilitates quick sweeping of haystacks and transportation of hay.
• The presence of a protection mechanism (fuse) that allows you to protect the blades from obstacles that arise along the way. When it is triggered, the knives evade - the angle can be up to forty-five degrees.
• All working elements are closed with a sealed housing, and the gearbox is covered with a reinforced casing.
• Ability to work on slopes and difficult terrain, as well as in all weather conditions.
• Not very high cost, especially compared to foreign analogues.

Flaws:

• If the speed is too slow, the grass can get wrapped around the rotor nuts, and the anthill can hang on the canvas. This does not happen as the speed increases.
• The performance of rotary models is slightly lower than segmented ones.
• Imported (Polish) mowers are considered to be of higher quality and reliability, and also clean the field better. However, after passing the KRN-2.1 mower, the grass grows back faster.

Device

The unit drive operates from the tractor power take-off shaft. For this, a cardan drive, a V-belt connection, an overrunning clutch (providing idle speed), as well as a gearbox and rotary gears are used. To connect to the tractor, there is a suspension and a welded frame attached to the tractor hitch (its lower links).

The cutting mechanism with shoes rests on the soil. To copy its relief, it has the ability to rotate in the bracket supports. The four rotors are equipped with eight knives of two sizes (the middle rotors are longer).

If the cutting mechanism encounters an obstacle, a special fuse is triggered, forcing the mower to turn around. It consists of two rods and wedge clamps held by a spring.

The blades of the KRN-2.1 rotary mower not only carefully cut the stems, but also throw them to the side. The field divider, mounted on a bracket on the right side of the cutting mechanism, prevents the grass from flying away. A divider shield placed on the spring at an angle in the direction of travel forces it to change the direction of movement and then lie in an even layer. During the next pass, nothing will interfere with the tractor.

To transport the mower to the desired location, activate its transport traction by lifting the machine blade and securing it. This is done hydraulically, using a balancing mechanism (which also serves to regulate ground pressure and avoid uneven surfaces). It consists of a hydraulic cylinder, a hinged lever, a flexible rod, a freewheel and balancing springs.

You can change the pressure of the shoes on the ground using tension bolts. When avoiding obstacles, you should, operating from the cabin, move the cutting mechanism to a position called “near transport”. After turning on the hydraulic cylinder of the tractor hitch, you need to slightly raise the mower. And then its hydraulic cylinder comes into action, allowing you to rotate the cutting mechanism.
Mower diagram KRN-2.1


1 – traction fuse; 2 – stand; 3 – subframe; 4 – axle; 5 – main beam of the cutting apparatus; 6 – knife; 7 – rotor; 8 – field divider; 9 – fence; 10 – cutting device bracket; 11 – suspension; 12 – axis; 13 – hinge frame.

Features of operation

First check the distance between the tractor wheels (track). If it goes beyond 1.4-1.5 meters, then adjust it. Otherwise you will have to get confused in the mown grass. Then adjust the central link in length and lower the tractor hitch down. The mower must stand on a stand, and the axes of its frame must coincide with the hinges of the rear longitudinal tractor rods.

Set the hydraulic distributor to the “floating” position, and then connect and secure the traction pins with the axles of the mower, and the cardan transmission with the tractor power take-off shaft (for which use the nut, bolt and cotter pin removed from the articulated fork). The casing chain is attached to the central tractor link using a bracket, so that there is a slight slack.

Place the blocking elements from the kit on the longitudinal rods. Connect the hydraulic systems of both devices, and then use hydraulics to lift the cutting mechanism and adjust the axis of the hitch frame (it should be vertical). This is done by changing the length of the braces, which are then rigidly fixed.

Before work, run the rotary mower for a couple of hours without a load, first at low speeds, then for the same amount at full speed. When half an hour or an hour has passed, you need to stop the car and check whether the bearings are overheating, whether the nuts are loose, and whether the V-belts are tight. If everything is good, you can start full-time work. And remember that the unit should heat up no more than 30 degrees more than the surrounding air.

In operating condition, the machine stand should be in the up position. It is secured with a spring pin, which is inserted into the hole from below. And the transport rod is held on a chain attached to the frame suspension. The stopper pin is pulled out from the corresponding hole. The tractor hydraulic cylinder is in the lower position, and the hydraulic cylinder of the mower is in the “floating” state.

On flat terrain you can drive 15 kilometers per hour, on bumpy terrain - slower. The cutting mechanism must operate at maximum grip. Therefore, drive the tractor in such a way as to bring the inner shoe as close as possible to the edge of the cut grass. If there is an obstacle ahead, we raise the cutting mechanism hydraulically. And during transportation, we also secure it (with a stopper and a transport rod).

Specifications

Technical characteristics of the rotary rotary mower KRN-2.1:

The video shows the rotary mower KRN-2.1:

And walk-behind tractors help make life much easier for all farmers: from small farms to powerful agricultural holdings. The main advantage of the tractor is the ability to use trailed and mounted equipment for various works. For example, for mowing or preparing a field for sowing, they use different kinds.

Purpose of the mechanism

Mowers- these are mechanisms that have a wide range of tasks in agriculture and municipal services: harvesting, harvesting, preparing fields for arable land, mowing parks and house gardens, cleaning along roadsides. Thanks to high performance, simplicity and reliability of design, rotor-type devices are most widely used.

Did you know? The first mowing device was invented by the English textile factory foreman Edwin Beard Bading. He got this idea from a mechanism for trimming fringe from rolls of fabric.

Types of rotary mowers

There are several classifications of mowers. Depending on the mowing method, they are divided into:

• cutting the grass into a slope (leaving it evenly over the field area);
• mulching (crushing);
• folding the mown grass into windrows.

• mounted;
• trailed

Features of the design and operating principle of the mounted mower

Attachments for tractors does not have its own chassis; it may have one or more support wheels, but only a small part of the weight is transferred to them. Therefore, these are usually mechanisms of relatively low weight and performance.
The mounted rotary mower is easily connected to a PTO and is easy to operate and maintain. These units are used to process areas small size, although they can also be used in the fields. Convenient when working on uneven terrain. This is the most popular type of mower among users and mini tractors.

How does the towing mechanism work?

A trailed mower consists of a frame frame supported by pneumatic wheels. Cutting elements (disks with knives attached to them) are attached to the frame frame with trusses and traction mechanisms. Also on the frame are control levers for transmission mechanisms. The third support point is the tractor beam.

Did you know? The rotary mower was invented in Australia at the beginning of the twentieth century.

Trailed units, compared to mounted ones, usually have a larger working grip, require more power and, accordingly, are more productive. They are used in the fields large area.

How to install a mower on a tractor

Before installing the unit on the tractor, all connections must be checked and all bolts must be tightened. Then, if installed, connect the rods attachment tractor with connecting axles of the frame of the installed equipment. When installing a trailed mower, accordingly, a trailed mechanism is used. Then connect the drive ( cardan shaft, gear, belt or bevel drive, hydraulic drive) to the tractor PTO.




If there are hydraulic devices that provide vertical and horizontal movement of the mower, they are connected to the outputs of the hydraulic system of the base unit.

Important! Before starting work, you must ensure that the installation is secure. protective covers and check idle speed.

When choosing a rotary mower for a tractor or walk-behind tractor, you need to take into account the following factors:

• types of vegetation: to harvest plants with hard, thick stems, a more powerful unit is needed;
• size and relief of the cultivated field: for large fields with complex terrain, trailed models are preferable;
• purpose of mowing: when initially cultivating a field, it is better to take a model; when preparing fodder hay, it is better to take a model that lays hay in windrows;
• price: equipment from European, American or Japanese manufacturers is of high quality, but expensive; a Chinese product can be bought inexpensively, but the quality is not guaranteed; domestic products occupy an intermediate position and at the same time benefit from the availability of spare parts.