home > Garden > What can be made from a motor from a shredder. How to make a garden shredder with your own hands. Cutting tool - circular saw package

What can be made from a motor from a shredder. How to make a garden shredder with your own hands. Cutting tool - circular saw package

A garden shredder is a mechanism designed to process plant waste formed during grass mowing, sanitary or annual pruning of trees, grapes and various shrubs. The resulting small pieces of grass or branches can be used as livestock feed or fertilizer. The use of this unit allows gardeners, owners of summer cottages and lovers of beautiful lawns to get rid of organic waste faster and with less labor. The structure of the device is relatively simple, for this reason it can be assembled with your own hands without any special financial costs from old parts and scrap materials. This allows you to save on purchasing a ready-made factory device.

To independently assemble a grass and branch chopper (shredder) at home, you must first understand the structure of the mechanism, as well as the principle of its operation. This will help you assemble the equipment correctly and, if necessary, make changes to its design.

A homemade unit, designed for grinding mown grass and cut branches up to several centimeters thick, has the following main structural units:

  • engine;
  • knives mounted on the working shaft;
  • frame (usually metal);
  • protective casing;
  • a box designed to receive cut vegetation;
  • starting system.

The technique itself can be done in a stationary or mobile form. To create the latter option, you will additionally need wheels, as well as a handle. To make the frame, use metal corners or ready-made frames from workbenches. Boxes for processed vegetation are made from plastic buckets, tin, and bags. The protective casing around the knives should be thick and durable enough so as not to quickly wear out from the impact of grinding vegetation.

When processing plant debris, crushed pieces may fly out of the opening through which it is fed. Therefore, the neck is covered with a lid or simply with a cloth, for example, a bag.

The operation of the chopper is that rotation from the motor shaft is transmitted directly to the knives or through a chain/belt drive. The vegetation chopped by the blades enters the box. In this case, the final product is immediately ready for use.

By operating principle Some homemade shredders are comparable to a meat grinder (they suck in and then grind organic matter), while others are like a coffee grinder.

Varieties of engines for assembling homemade products

Used as a drive for homemade products electric and gasoline engines, taken from unused equipment. Each of these two options has its own advantages and disadvantages. Models with an internal combustion engine are more convenient in that their operation does not require a nearby power supply. But in general, they are more expensive and have a more complex design than their counterparts equipped with an electric motor. Therefore, it is easier to make electrical equipment, and also more compact.

The maximum thickness of cut branches that a branch chipper can grind depends on the power of the electric motor installed on it and the characteristics of the knives.

  1. Models with a motor up to 1.5 kW are capable of grinding sticks up to 20 mm in diameter. They are designed for low intensity work.
  2. If an electric motor of 3 to 4 kW is installed, then such units can chop branches up to 40 mm thick.
  3. More powerful electric motors (over 4 kW) are used to make a shredder for wood with a diameter of 7-15 cm.

To create a homemade shredder, you can use electric motors from an angle grinder, washing machine, or trimmer. They must be adapted to work from a stationary network with a voltage of 220 V. In order to grind material as thick as possible at home, it is recommended to equip the shredder with an electric motor of 1500 rpm with a power of about 3.5 kW.

This parameter for internal combustion engines corresponds to 5-6 horsepower. Engine from old

washing machine

Types of cutting attachments used

  • Homemade products, like factory units, are equipped with cutting attachments of various types:

  • disc (with three blades);

  • milling;

milling-turbine (universal).

The first type is flat blades. When they rotate, they grind plant debris. If you have to process branches, then such blades quickly become dull. Milling knives are a cutting shaft in the form of gears from circular saws. They grind dry waste from branches and grass well, and clog the cutters with wet waste. Milling-turbine cutting attachments can cope with thick and undried branches, but making them yourself is difficult.

At home, knives from lawn mowers or made from wood saws are often used. degree of processing of plant waste. The output is pieces of branches from 10 cm long or shavings or dust.

Garden shredder from washing machine

An old Soviet-made washing machine with a metal body is a technique that contains almost all the necessary parts for assembling a garden shredder. You only need knives with fasteners, as well as an extension cord.

To make a cutting attachment, you can use an old wood saw.

Tools you will need:

  • angle grinder;
  • pliers;
  • spanners;
  • screwdriver;
  • electric drill;
  • hammer;
  • tape measure with marker.

The washing machine motor has low power (about different models different) indicated in the instructions for household appliances or on the electric motor plate. Due to the fact that usually its value does not exceed 500 watts, with the help of the created unit it will be possible Grind only straw or grass.


A shredder from a washing machine is made like this.

  1. The body of the machine is cut to height so that it is convenient to work with the unit.
  2. At the bottom side, a rectangular hole is cut in it with a grinder, 20 cm wide and 7 cm high, intended for throwing out ground plants.
  3. Around the slot, a kind of casing is made of tin, which will direct the herbal mass into the collection container, while preventing it from scattering to the sides.
  4. They make legs.
  5. Attach the body to the stand.
  6. 2 holes with a diameter of 7 mm are drilled on the electric motor shaft. Then a threaded bushing is placed on it, as well as holes at the end more than 5 cm long, securing it with bolts.
  7. An electric motor is secured under the bottom of the box using studs and nuts.
  8. Inside the casing, knives are secured to a sleeve, placing them above the grass ejection hole or at the same level with it.
  9. The box is attached by welding or bolts to the stand.

The result will be a technique similar to the one shown in the photo below.


Start button suitable from a converted washing machine. You just need to make sure to connect the extension cord of sufficient length.

The design and operation of a grass cutter from a modern washing machine is shown in the video

Homemade grass grinder from a grinder

A grass grinder made from a grinder is a fairly simple and quickly implemented option. To implement the project, you will need to stock up on the following parts and materials:

  • steel corners;
  • metal container (regular boiling);
  • homemade or ready-made knives (for example, from a lawn mower);
  • fasteners;
  • sheet metal.

Tools you will need:

  • electric drill;
  • welding machine and electrodes for it;
  • an angle grinder to cut corners;
  • spanners.

To assemble a shredder with your own hands based on an angle grinder, capable of grinding not only grass, but also branches up to 4 cm thick, it is recommended to use a power tool with a power of over 3 kW.

The creation of a grinding unit is carried out in the following sequence:

  • cut the corners into pieces with a grinder;
  • a frame resembling a chair is welded from them;
  • weld a shelf from a piece sheet metal;
  • attach the grinder to the made frame (on the stand) with clamps, placing its shaft towards the top;
  • cut a hole about 10 by 10 cm in the side of the boil-out;
  • a sleeve, for example, made of tin, is attached to the slot, through which the ground plant mass will be dispensed from the container;
  • make a hole in the center at the bottom of the boil;
  • install the container on the angle grinder shaft and attach it with bolts or self-tapping screws to the metal frame;
  • Place the knife or disc on the angle grinder.

The result will be the design shown in the photo below.

The dimensions of the corners are selected individually to make it convenient to handle the mechanism.

It should be remembered that the frame must be stable. The safety of working with the device will depend on this.

Place a bucket or other container under the pipe for dispensing chopped grass with branches while working with the unit so that the processed plants do not fly away.

The created device can be improved. This will require attachment to the grinder shaft about 15 cm long with two knives: at the upper end and in the middle. The blades are separated by a mesh attached to the casing wall.

Grass cutter from trimmer

A garden shredder can be made using a gasoline or electric trimmer. In this case, the tool will work upside down. To create equipment designed to chop grass and thin twigs, you will need, in addition to a brush cutter with cutting attachments, the following materials:

  • plastic or metal container with a volume of at least 50 liters;
  • approximately 1 sq.m. steel mesh with small cell size;
  • about 3 meters of metal tube (aluminum or steel) half an inch in diameter;
  • a piece of board or moisture-resistant chipboard, plywood of such width that the trimmer fits on it;
  • clamps that will attach the brush cutter to the wooden base;
  • self-tapping screws, bolts, nuts, washers;
  • wooden blocks (5 by 5 cm is enough).

To assemble a chopping mechanism from a trimmer, you will need to use the following tools and devices:

  • a screwdriver or screwdriver with bits;
  • electric drill with a set of drills for wood and metal;
  • an electric jigsaw with files for cutting metal or a manual equivalent;
  • hammer;
  • open-end or socket wrenches;
  • punch;
  • an anvil or a flat iron plate.

Punch needed to make it convenient to drill holes with an electric drill. This tool is pointed at the point where the metal needs to be drilled. Then it is hit with a hammer. The drill does not slip out of the resulting recess when drilling a metal part.

Hole punch set

Preparatory activities

A grass cutter from a brush cutter is manufactured in a number of stages. Initially prepared in capacity where the grass and branches will be ground:

  • make markings on the bottom (along the perimeter) for four trapezoidal holes with rounded corners;
  • drill holes with a cross section of 1 cm in each drawn segment;
  • a jigsaw file is inserted into them and trapezoids are cut out;
  • process the cuts with a file or sandpaper;
  • a hole is drilled in the center of the bottom for the chopper shaft;
  • a circle is cut out of steel mesh with dimensions according to the diameter of the bottom;
  • using small scraps of boards or blocks, the prepared mesh fragment is secured to the container from below;
  • from metal pipes Ok, make legs for the container, attaching them to the tank with bolts.

The wooden pieces are fixed with self-tapping screws, twisting them from the inside of the tank into metal jumpers between the cut trapezoids. In this way, the mesh is securely attached to the bottom of the container.

Legs done in the following way:

  • bend the tubes in a vice or using a pipe bender in the shape of the letter “P”;
  • the ends of future supports are flattened with a hammer;
  • 2 holes are drilled into them on each side (6.5 or 8.5 mm cross-section);
  • fit the workpieces to the bottom of the container and mark the points of bolted connections;
  • drill according to the hole mark;
  • using bolts with washers and nuts, attach to the footrest casing.

After preparing the casing, so that reduce dimensions created mechanism, perform the following operations:

  • disassemble the trimmer, disconnecting the motor, rod and cutting attachment from each other;
  • cut off a fragment approximately 20-40 centimeters long from the rod with the cable;
  • collect the brush cutter;
  • check the performance of the equipment.

Chopper assembly

If the trimmer works well after assembly, then it is used to create a grass grinder.

  1. The motor of the brush cutter is attached to the board with clamps.
  2. Fix the bar on a wooden base using clamps and a handle from a brush cutter.
  3. Connect the cutting attachment to the end of the rod, previously inserted into the hole at the bottom of the casing.
  4. They start the mechanism and test it in operation.

After these steps, you will get a unit, the photograph of which is presented below.

If the trimmer used to assemble the shredder is equipped with a gasoline engine, then the motor is placed on the base so that it is convenient to fill in fuel, start the device and regulate its operation (speed).

Cutting attachments are equipped with knives or fishing line - this depends on the thickness of the plant stems being chopped.

What else can a chopper be made from?

There are many different options for creating garden shredders with your own hands: from the simplest ones, which only allow you to grind grass, to more structurally complex, powerful units designed for wood up to 10 cm thick. Accordingly, the practical implementation of the plan will require different details, different amounts of time and money.

To assemble equipment for processing plant waste, in addition to the considered options for old or unnecessary tools or equipment, you can use the following devices:

  • drill or hammer drill;
  • an old working vacuum cleaner;
  • unnecessary electric saw;
  • motor from the pump;
  • gasoline or electric walk-behind tractor;
  • any electric motor of suitable power.

A drill with a hammer drill, if you use them to chop grass, you don’t need to redo it at all. It is enough to do only nozzle with blades. The created device will work like a blender, grinding soft plant stems into a container in small portions.

The nuances of operating homemade equipment

A self-made shredder is essentially three in one: a chopper for branches, a straw cutter, and a mechanism for cutting grass. It helps to significantly facilitate household work associated with the disposal of plant waste, as well as feeding poultry and livestock.

If you have to process grass in small quantities, for example, for chickens, geese, ducks, then very simple devices that operate on human muscle power, for example, a hand pruner, are sufficient.

For homemade electrical equipment, it is recommended to install separate differential machine to provide reliable protection against damage electric shock in case of unforeseen circumstances. In any case, when making a garden shredder yourself, you must follow safety regulations. It is also worth adhering to them during operation of the mechanism. Before working with equipment, it is recommended to wear goggles, suitable protective clothing and check that the structural elements are securely fastened. When creating a home-made unit, you should take into account the upcoming amount of work, as well as the nature of the vegetation being processed, in order to select an engine of the required power and the desired design knives. This will allow the completed device to cope with the assigned tasks without any problems.

When caring for your garden, you cannot avoid pruning old and dried branches on trees and shrubs. As a result, a fairly large amount of brushwood accumulates, which you want to use for good. The most practical solution in this situation would be to send the branches to the compost, leaving them to rot there. Unfortunately, the process of turning solid wood into compost is quite lengthy, and a mountain of dry branches spoils the overall appearance of the site. In this case, a garden shredder comes to the rescue. Thanks to a garden waste shredder, you can speed up the composting process and reduce the pile of branches to a very modest size. Today, purchasing a garden shredder is not difficult, especially if you have the required amount of money. But those who cannot afford it can make a shredder themselves.

To make a garden branch shredder with your own hands, you need to understand the principle of its operation and how it works. Otherwise it will be impossible to create correct drawing and assemble the entire structure together.

The chopper has a fairly simple design. It consists of a motor, a working shaft with knives, a metal frame, a receiving box and a protective casing. The chopper itself is installed on a two-wheeled base for ease of movement. Of course, the design of any garden shredder consists of smaller parts. We will consider which ones and in what quantity at the stage of creating the drawing.

The operating principle is also extremely simple. Rotations from the motor are transmitted to the shaft directly or using a belt or chain. At the same time, branches are fed into the receiving box, which are ground by the knives of the working shaft. The output is shredded wood, ready for composting. The operating principle is somewhat similar to a meat grinder.

The simple and at the same time effective design of a garden waste shredder is used not only by summer residents and gardeners. There are also industrial devices capable of processing fairly thick tree branches. The design of such machines is an order of magnitude more complex and advanced. But it should be noted that some technical solutions industrial shredders can be implemented at home. This will allow a regular garden shredder to process thick branches efficiently and quickly.

Types of Garden Shredders

When creating a garden shredder with your own hands, you will have to know in advance what exactly it will chop. The type of chopper, its performance characteristics and some design features depend on this. In general, all garden waste shredders can be divided according to parameters: power and type of engine used, as well as the type and operating principle of the shredding unit.

Engine

Garden shredders can be equipped with both gasoline and electric engines. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. Thus, a gasoline garden shredder can process large branches much more easily; it is mobile and does not depend on the remoteness of the energy resource. But some models of choppers, especially powerful ones, require connection to agricultural machinery such as a tractor or walk-behind tractor. As opposed to a gasoline one, an electric garden shredder is more compact, lighter and easier to operate. But electric shredders are strictly tied to the connection point and are slightly weaker in power.

In general, if you select an engine for a homemade shredder, you need to consider the following.

  • Electric motors with a power of up to 1.5 kW quite easily cope with branches up to 2 cm in diameter and are most often installed on factory models intended for a small area with low intensity of work.
  • Motors of 3 - 4 kW can process branches with a diameter of up to 4 cm and are intended for owners of a small garden.
  • But engines with a power of more than 6 kW are used in shredders for large farms and are capable of grinding branches 10 - 15 cm in diameter.

Since a homemade shredder is usually focused on a wide range of work, it is recommended to install a 4 kW electric motor. As for gasoline engines, an internal combustion engine with a capacity of 5 - 6 HP will cope with all the tasks.

Important! It is necessary to highlight the drive of garden shredders. This could be a chain, a belt, or attaching the knives directly to the motor shaft.

Knife design

Another criterion by which garden shredders are distinguished is the design of the blades. Since the quality of grinding depends on this. For example, some models of shredders produce pieces of branches ranging from 2 cm to 10 cm in length, depending on the diameter of the shaft and the principle of chopping. Others are a combined design and are capable of processing fairly large branches and producing small shavings. But if the shredding system uses only a disk with knives directly mounted to the motor shaft, then such a shredder will be able to process only thin branches and produce small dust.

In factory models, the following three options are most often used.

The first is a knife disk. These devices are good for chopping small branches with a diameter of up to 2 cm and grass.

The second is the milling design of the knives. Shredders with a similar blade design can cope with thick branches up to 8 cm. But under one condition - the branches must be cut dry. Otherwise, the remains of damp bark and wood will clog into the cutter and stall the mechanism.

Third - universal milling-turbine knives. This knife option is perhaps the most preferable. Such shredders are capable of handling large and small branches, both wet and dry.

Of course, the types of knives described above are almost impossible to make yourself. That is why the following knife designs are used in homemade shredders.

  • First - double shaft design with 8 knives.
  • Second - knife-disc.
  • Third - set of circular saw blades. Their production is the simplest and materials for them can be found at any flea market.

Below we will look at the creation of these particular types of shredders.

How to make a garden shredder with your own hands

Creating a homemade garden shredder is a rather labor-intensive process that requires a master high level skills. The work itself takes place in two stages. The first one is preparatory. The second is assembling a garden shredder.

Preparatory stage

At this stage, we create drawings of a garden shredder and purchase all the necessary materials. The shredder drawing can be drawn by hand or in a special program such as AutoCAD.

As noted earlier, the structure of the chopper consists of a motor, a shaft with knives, a frame, a receiving box and a protective casing. But this is just a general view and, as they say, the devil is in the details. When creating a drawing of a chopper, it is necessary to pay special attention to the location of the shaft with knives, as well as the cutting angle of the knives.

For a shredder with two shafts drawing will look like this: between two metal plates there are two shafts with knives. There are 3 - 4 knives on each shaft. The knives themselves are secured with 3 bolts and offset relative to the center of the shaft. Free rotation of the shafts is ensured by 4 bearings fixed in the holes of the metal plates. Synchronous rotation of the shafts is achieved by two gears, which are driven by a motor. The transmission of torque can be done using a belt or chain. The distance between the shafts is selected based on the width of the knives and the thickness of the branches being processed.

Important! It is necessary to pay special attention to the number of engine revolutions. In electric motors with a power of 4 kW, the number of revolutions is from 2500 to 2800 rpm. This number of revolutions is good for a disk shredder of small branches and grass. For a twin-shaft shredder, power is important, so the speed should be reduced. To do this, it is enough to install a gear or pulley of a smaller diameter on the shaft, and to drive the shafts, install a large pulley or gear.

Below are drawings of a garden shredder with two shafts, 6 knives, three on each shaft.

For blade disc chopper drawing looks much simpler.

First of all, this concerns the disk with knives. The drawing can show the diameter of the disk and the location of the knives and their number. Depending on the requirements for grinding quality, there can be from 1 to 3 knives. The disk itself can be placed either vertically or at an angle. Below are the drawings of the blade disc chopper.

Drawing for a chopper with a set of circular saw blades also quite simple.

A pin with circular saws is placed on the frame, which is driven by a motor. Most often, such designs use a belt drive. Therefore, pulleys are placed at the end of the motor shaft and the stud. The pulley sizes may be the same. Below are drawings of such a chopper.

The materials needed to make the shredders described above can be purchased in stores, flea markets or car markets. Of course, some spare parts will have to be ordered from turners, but most can be purchased without any problems. To complete the assembly work, you will need an angle grinder, a welding machine and wrenches.

For a dual shaft shredder you will need the following materials:

  • electric or gasoline engine;
  • two metal plates 10 mm thick. Width and height are selected individually;
  • two gears for synchronous drive of shafts;
  • a pulley or gear for transmitting torque to the shafts;
  • pulley on the motor shaft;
  • two shafts for knives;
  • 5 bearings and fastening to them;
  • knives or material for their manufacture;
  • profile pipes for the frame;
  • sheet metal 2 mm thick for the protective casing and receiving hopper.

For the shredder from the circular saw pack you will need the following::

  • 15 - 20 circular saws. The diameter can be taken 18 cm;
  • engine;
  • M20 pin or its equivalent;
  • 2 bearings and fastening to them;
  • 2 pulleys;
  • 17 - 22 metal washers 5 mm thick for separating saws;
  • 2 mm sheet metal for the protective casing and receiving hopper;
  • profile pipes for the frame.

A shredder with a blade disc requires very little:

  • engine;
  • sheet metal for the protective casing and receiving hopper;
  • knives and sheet of metal for the disc.

As you can see, the disc chopper is the simplest in design. But it should be noted that the version of the shredder with two shafts is capable of processing branches up to 8 cm in diameter, and a disk one up to 2 cm.

Assembling a garden shredder

Having the drawing and necessary parts in hand, you can begin installing the garden shredder. The assembly work is divided into several stages - assembling the frame and creating a receiving hopper, assembling the chopping drum and installing the motor and chopping drum on the frame.

Let's look at the assembly process using the example of a shredder with two shafts. We start work by creating a frame:

  • cut pieces from the profile pipe using a grinder. Four blanks will be 40 cm long and two 80 cm;
  • We weld short pieces at right angles between two long ones. In this case, we place the two internal crossbars at such a distance from each other that the grinding drum is securely installed on them;

Important! To give the chopper mobility, the entire structure will be mounted on a wheel base. To do this, it is necessary to weld two racks to the frame, to which the axle with wheels will be attached.

After creating the frame, you can begin to create the shafts for the chopping drum:

  • We take a metal square blank if you plan to install 4 knives on one shaft. Or a round blank for three knives;
  • for a square piece, grind both ends, making them round so that they can fit into the purchased bearings. Using a round workpiece, we sharpen the central part, making three flat cuts for installing knives.

As for the knives themselves, they can be made from Kamaz springs:

  • take the spring and cut a piece of the required length;
  • the workpiece itself can be leveled if necessary. To do this, you will have to heat it in a forge and make it even with a few blows of a hammer. Then re-harden and let cool;
  • in the knives themselves we make holes for the bolts;
  • Now we are sharpening the knives. The cutting edge angle is chosen to be 35 - 45 degrees. Sharpening is carried out on a sharpening machine;

  • Finally, we apply the knives to the shaft and mark the places on the shaft for fastening. Then we drill holes and make threads in them.

The next stage is the creation of a chopping drum:

  • in two metal plates that will be the walls, we cut out holes for installing bearings in them. The best way to do this is with welding machine and then sand the edges. Or you can contact the company. In this case, the holes will be perfectly shaped;
  • Now we install the bearings inside;

  • For fastening, we use special linings that are bolted to the metal walls;
  • We insert the shafts inside the bearings and secure them;
  • We connect the drum walls together with threaded metal studs and secure them with nuts.

Upon completion of work with the drum and frame, we make a receiving box:

  • we take thin sheet metal and make 4 blanks in the shape of a parallelepiped;
  • We measure 4 - 5 cm from the narrow edge of each workpiece and bend it;
  • do the same for the long sides of the workpieces. But we make the bend in the opposite direction;
  • we assemble the entire structure and check how the workpieces fit together;
  • We connect the edges using welding or self-tightening rivets;
  • At the base of the box, on the bent edges, we make holes for fasteners.

After assembling the grinding drum, we put the gears on the shafts and install the entire structure on the frame, where we secure it with bolts. Then we put the engine in place and tighten the drive chain or belt. Finally, we install and secure the receiving box. We also install a protective cover on all rotating parts of the chopper to prevent accidental entry of foreign objects.

Creating the other two grinders is somewhat simpler. For a disc chopper you need the following::

  • create a frame and place the motor inside;
  • install a reflective shield made of thin sheet metal with a hole for the motor shaft on top of the motor;

  • make a hole in the disk for installation on the shaft, as well as slots for knives;
  • knives can be made from car springs using the previously described method;

  • assemble and install the disc with knives;
  • We create a receiving box and install it on top of the disk chopper.

The assembly of a chopper from circular saws looks like this::

  • create a frame;
  • We thread circular saw blades onto a threaded stud. In this case, we place washers between the disks. This is necessary so that the teeth do not cling to each other. We clamp the saw package on both sides with nuts;

  • We weld fasteners for bearings on the internal cross members of the frame;
  • we put bearings on the stud and secure them, after which we install the saw package on the frame and secure it there;

  • We install a pulley or gear from the longest end of the stud and secure it with a retaining ring;
  • install the engine and tension the drive chain or belt;
  • Finally, we install the receiving box.

When creating one of the homemade shredders proposed above, it is necessary to take into account the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. The twin-shaft chopper is characterized by high power and the ability to process thick branches. The chip fraction will be from 2 cm to 8 cm depending on the speed and the number of knives. On the contrary, a knife-disk chopper will cope perfectly with small branches and produce a small fraction of wood chips, but thick branches are a problem for it. A chipper with a circular saw package can handle both thick branches and smaller ones. But at the same time, it is very dusty, and a lot of chips get stuck between the saws, which requires careful cleaning after work. The above-described versions of garden shredders can be created either in a single version or by combining types with each other.

Read in the article

Step-by-step instructions and nuances of work

1. The saws are mounted on an axis, the diameter of which is determined by the mounting diameter of the disks (20mm). A stud with an M20 thread is suitable for this. Accordingly, washers and nuts of the same diameter will be required.

Saws mounted on the axis of the future chopper

If we install the discs on the pin close to each other, the knife will not work. And here's why: the width of the saw teeth is greater than the width of the blade itself, so when rotating, the teeth will cling to each other. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to separate the disks a short distance. This can be done as easily as possible using homemade washers that you can cut from thin plastic. Their number should be 1 piece less than the number of circular saws.

2. A pulley is put on the stud axle (from a VAZ generator or from a pump). To rotate the axle, two VAZ intermediate shaft bearings with an internal diameter of 20 mm are also used.

3. A frame is welded from profiled metal pipes onto which the walk-behind tractor rod is attached. The engine is mounted on the frame so that it can be moved relative to the circular saws. This is necessary to change the tension of the drive belt if necessary.


An axle with circular saws is attached to the frame

4. For ease of use, a thrust block made of metal profile is attached to the frame, against which branches and stems will rest when crushing.

5. A metal casing must be put on the cutting unit, which is welded from sheet metal or cut from galvanized steel. To be safe, it is better to use the first option.


It is better to make the casing from sheet iron - it is more reliable!

6. Another hopper with a socket is attached to the top for loading the material to be crushed. There are no special requirements for this part, so most often it is made of flexible galvanized steel.

The receiving hopper is easy to make from galvanized steel

Branch crusher made from improvised means

Some craftsmen use ready-made devices as a basis, for which it is only necessary to make additional elements or parts. Instead of powerful stationary motors, you can use an electric drill or grinder. Let's look at the most common crusher manufacturing options:

From the washing machine

An activator-type “washer” is an excellent “semi-finished product” for making a homemade shredder. You will need to dismantle the activator and install a knife on the motor shaft, the size of which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the inside of the tank. The principle of operation of the knife is similar to that used in a coffee grinder - a horizontally mounted plate with sharpened edges. A hole is made in the lower side of the tank to which the outlet casing is attached. While the shredder is operating, wood chips will enter the shredder. The design is quite simple and reliable, tested many times in practice.

The washing machine motor has a low power, rarely exceeding 500 watts, so with the help of such equipment it is possible to chop only straw or grass

From the Bulgarian

To make a shredder from a grinder you will need metal container, in the central part of the bottom of which a hole is made for installing a knife. The axis of the grinder is passed through this hole, and a knife is installed on it. The tool itself is fixed in a stationary state so that the knife rotates freely without touching the walls of the container. The rotation speed of the tool is quite high, so it is recommended to set it to a minimum so as not to end up with a “puree” of green mass.

From a drill

In order to use a drill as a grinder, you will need a stand (usually it is recommended to use a regular stool with a 12 mm hole in the central part of the seat). A bucket with a similar hole in the bottom is installed on top; to keep it stationary, it is attached to the stool with self-tapping screws. The knife, the size of which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the bucket, is mounted on an axle inserted into a bushing with a bearing. The sleeve is attached to the bottom of the stool. A drill with a self-locking chuck is attached to the axle and started. The device is suitable for processing green mass in small volumes.

A homemade shredder for branches or grass stems allows you to speed up the process of chopping material before putting it into a compost pit or oven, mulching the soil, and when carrying out other work. The cost of creating a shredder is much lower than the cost of purchasing it finished product, and many design options from scrap materials and elements allow you to choose the best option for a given estate. Considering the occasional nature of using such a crusher, making the installation yourself is a profitable and simple undertaking, and the efficiency of the shredder depends only on the thoroughness of the work.

Types of cutting attachments

Homemade units and factory-made crushers use cutting attachments various types. The choice of one type of cutting tool or another will depend on the drive power and the entire design of the apparatus.

The most popular attachments are:

  • disk with blades;
  • milling;
  • milling-turbine type.

The simplest knot crushers are equipped with a disk cutting tool on which numerous flat blades are located. When rotating, they grind garden debris and do an excellent job with fallen leaves and grass.

Milling knives are made in the form of a gear, on which numerous circular saws are mounted. Such nozzles easily grind grass and branches, but it is necessary to monitor the moisture content of the crushed waste. Wet grass and leaves can clog the cutter, after which you will need to open the housing and clean the cutting edges.

Milling turbine attachments are distinguished by their versatility of use, easily coping with the grinding and disposal of grass, branches and large wood waste. Their disadvantage is complexity self-made: Most likely, you will need to purchase ready-made attachments from factory shredders.

Frame production

Regardless of the chosen type of design and its motor, you must in any case make a frame for it. It consists of a frame on which the entire mechanism and switch are installed.

It can be welded from angles and profile pipes using the following recommendations:

  1. To create the basis of a branch chopper with your own hands, drawings are the main thing. It is precisely according to them that you need to select the height in such a way that it is convenient to lay the source material. Basically the basis is made on the height of a person.
  2. The structure must stand firmly in place. Therefore, its width must be at least half a meter, and the length can be any.
  3. The strength of the frame can be ensured by welding additional cross members.
  4. For ease of transportation, the device can be mounted on wheels.

Before creating your own shredder drawings, you need to foresee the location of the engine in advance. It must be placed inside the frame so that it does not protrude beyond the edges. This applies to all models.

The most complex operation in the production of such a device, this involves turning the shaft and milling knives from the spring and sharpening them. These services will cost money, since it is unlikely that you will be able to do them yourself. This problem can be solved more easily if it is possible to remove a solid shaft from old equipment, for example, from a circular saw.

Alternatively, you can use the circular saw itself to cut the chips. You need to install a cutting mechanism on the circular drive and you're done. The device can also be powered by a mini tractor engine, you just need to make the correct belt drive.

Practical guide

Before starting work on creating a lopper with your own hands, you need to understand that it is impossible to make it without special metalworking and turning skills. But still, if you don’t have such skills, but you need to make a similar device, then you can turn to experienced specialists and order work from them. You also need to prepare all the necessary tools.

The process of creating a knot crusher can be divided into several stages:

  1. First you need to select the desired design of the branch crusher.
  2. Select the engine (electric or diesel), and also calculate the drive distance.
  3. Preparing all the necessary parts and fitting them to lathe.
  4. Frame assembly.
  5. Installation of the cutting mechanism and drive to it.
  6. Selection of casing and protection for the structure.

It is also important to choose the right schemes for the job. You can make your own drawings of a branch chopper only if you have at least a little experience in drawing such structures

Otherwise, you will need to order these from craftsmen, which will naturally draw additional funds from the budget for construction. Cheap option- look at such diagrams on the Internet. You need to understand how the mechanism itself works.

All this is suitable for the belt drive design, since it is easy to manufacture and operate. If any breakdown occurs, the belt will jump off the motor shaft and pulley and stop working, which cannot be said about a transmission with a gearbox.

If we talk about which design option to choose for home use, then here are some recommendations:

  1. A machine made from circular saws is an ideal option for getting small shavings without spending much on electricity or diesel fuel.
  2. If you need to process branches of small diameter, but very long, then the best option there will be a mechanism based on a jointer.
  3. If it is necessary to crush a large number of branches with a diameter of up to 4 centimeters, then the best option would be to produce a disk crusher.

Gardeners often use recycled branches as a base for compost. You can also make braces from such shavings and heat the house, or heat them directly with the shavings.

Once you have chosen the type of structure, you can safely begin supporting all the necessary parts and tools.

Classification of wood chippers

When planning to create a garden chitter, you must have an idea of ​​the thickness of wood waste you will have to deal with. Since all organic waste shredders can be divided according to the power of the electric motor and the operating principle of the blade unit, the maximum diameter of wood trimmings affects the choice of design, operational parameters and technical characteristics of the unit.

By type of power plant used

Garden shredders can use both electric motors and internal combustion engines. The advantages of the first are simplicity, compactness, ease of use. However, with the help of a gasoline or diesel power unit, you can create a truly mobile installation, and their power allows you to process branches more than 10 cm thick.

Shredders with an internal combustion engine have high power and are more mobile than electric units

In a homemade design it is easier to use an electric motor. In this case, there is no need to use additional components to ensure starting and warming up the engine, the final cost of the mechanism is reduced, and the installation and operation of the equipment is simplified.

When choosing an electric power unit, the following factors must be taken into account:

  • motors up to 1500 W can be used for small volumes of work and rod thickness no more than 2 cm;
  • power plants with a power of 3 - 4 kW are the best option for suburban areas with a small garden. With their help, you can crush branches with a diameter of up to 5 cm, which is quite enough for a small private yard;
  • Electric asynchronous machines from 6 kW can process thick branches (from 10 to 15 cm) into chips for a long time and are recommended for use on large farms.

    The electric motor provides simplicity and low cost to the homemade shredder

It should be noted that powerful electric motors require connection to three phases. If a conventional two-phase 220 V network is used, then the best way out of the situation is a gasoline or diesel power plant. Its power is 5 - 6 liters. With. will be sufficient in most cases.

According to the design of the knife block

The design of the blade block of a garden shredder determines the diameter of the branches that can be shredded, and what size of processed chips will be obtained at the exit of the unit.

For example, the simplest devices can process only thin branches, cutting them into pieces of 2 to 10 cm, while more complex devices can crush thick branches, grinding them into dust or producing pieces 10 - 15 cm long.

  • The design of factory knives is most often presented in three versions:

    disk-knife block, which is used for grass and twigs no more than 2 cm thick; The garden shredder with disc blade unit has simple design

  • a milling-type cutting system that can easily cope with thick branches up to 8 cm. The only condition is that the raw material must be dry, otherwise the cutters become clogged with wood fibers and require constant cleaning;

    The use of cutters allows you to work with any organic waste

  • auger and turbine-milling cutting units are the most productive and versatile - they can equally easily process raw and dry fairly large branches into chips.

    The use of combined turbine-milling or auger cutting units provides the device with high productivity

In home-made designs, it is difficult to replicate a screw or turbine-milling design, so craftsmen take as a basis one of the following cutting block designs:

  • two-shaft system with several knives;
  • disk-knife assembly;
  • stacked package of circular saws or cutters.

All three options are available for repetition at home and require a minimum of costs, since their production uses parts and assemblies from old automotive and agricultural equipment, sections of corners, pipes, etc. As for purchased elements, you can’t do without them . If there is no electric motor, circular saws or cutters, as well as other parts in stock, then you will have to buy them.

How to make a garden wood chipper

The process of creating a shredder takes place in stages and consists of the following steps:

  • Selecting the type of working body, creating a working drawing.
  • Order parts from specialists. If it is possible to carry out machine work, this item is automatically canceled.
  • Collection necessary materials and tools.
  • Manufacturing of parts, assembly and testing of the device.

Creating a working drawing is necessary for a more detailed understanding of the dimensions, connection methods and other parameters of nodes and structural elements. Moreover, some parts will have to be ordered from a turner, which in any case will require a well-executed drawing.

The first step is to select the type of cutting tool. It is determined by the capabilities of the owner, the nature of the upcoming actions, the composition and parameters of the material, the volume and duration of the work. It is necessary to take into account the complexity of replacing, adjusting and sharpening the cutting tool, its durability, and the ability to grind different types of green mass. In addition, you must be able to order or manufacture one or another type of working unit yourself. The most effective design is considered to be one with two knife shafts. But to make it you will need two absolutely identical shafts connected to each other by a gear transmission that ensures synchronous rotation.

The unit is difficult not only to manufacture, but also to adjust the knives.

They must be periodically sharpened and installed on the shaft, which is a rather difficult task.

A simpler design option is a flat blade disc.

The main advantage of this option is the ability to dispense with the manufacture of a drive shaft by installing the disk directly on the electric motor shaft. The disk does not require a lot of space for landing, so you only need to make a disk and a protective casing with a guide screen to organize the ejection of chips.

The cutting body, which is a set of circular saws or flat wood cutters, is quite simple to make from the drive shaft for a circular saw.

You can simply remake an existing circular saw with a 32 mm shaft, which is suitable for installation saw blades medium size. Alternatively, flat wood cutters can be used, the seat diameter of which is also 32 mm. In this case, you only need to install a protective casing and a guide device for compact ejection of chips.

Making a chopper yourself is an undertaking that requires certain tools and materials. You will need:

  • Sheet metal for the manufacture of casings, hoppers, protective screens.
  • Steel angle or channel to create a shredder frame.
  • Fastening elements - bolts with nuts necessary for connecting protection elements, installing a working element, etc.
  • Welding machine with electrodes.
  • Electric drill with a set of drills.
  • Grinder, hacksaw for metal.
  • Ruler, tape measure, scriber for marking.
  • Kerner, hammer.
  • Set of wrenches, screwdriver, pliers.
  • Can of paint, brush.

The above list is not exhaustive; depending on the designer’s intent, other materials or tools may be useful.

Shredder manufacturing procedure:

  1. A frame is assembled from a corner or channel.
  2. The cutting element is installed on the frame.
  3. A platform is attached for mounting the electric motor with a tensioning device. If you plan to use benzene new engine, fastening is carried out based on its design.
  4. The pulleys are installed and the drive belt is tensioned.
  5. The protective cover is assembled and fixed on the frame.
  6. It is recommended that the guide device for ejecting crushed material should not be permanently attached immediately, but that the installation should be checked in operation. Sometimes it turns out that the wood chips fly too far, which is inconvenient for the owner and greatly pollutes the area. The reflector is experimentally installed in the optimal position, after which it is finally attached.
  7. Once assembled and tested, the device is painted to give it a neat and elegant appearance.

It often turns out that an error has crept into the working drawings, impairing the performance of the installation. Usually it comes down to the shape of the housing, which allows chips to get stuck in narrow places or the irregular shape of the reflector. The consequence of this is excessive range or spread of the ejection, or, conversely, accumulation of crushed material at the outlet due to obstacles caused by incorrect reflector configuration. It is recommended not to completely assemble it right away, but to first carry out a test run of the installation and eliminate any deficiencies found.

Video: how to make a shredder

Necessary materials

The ideal option for saving money when selecting and preparing all components is to find them and remove them from old equipment. It’s not so difficult to find them in the countryside.

In order to assemble the structure frame, you need to prepare the following elements:

  • Square 4 to 6 centimeters wide.
  • Two squares 3-4 centimeters wide.
  • Channel from No. 4 to No. 10.
  • Round pipes with a diameter of 4 centimeters.

The engine is mounted on a metal sheet 1 centimeter thick, and its dimensions should be 3-5 centimeters larger than the engine itself on each side.

To tighten the belt, you can use two options:

  • The holes made in the sheet on which the motor will be mounted are made oblong. Due to this, the engine can be moved to the side and its position changed.
  • The same plate is mounted in such a way that one end of it is on a hinge, and the belt will be tensioned due to the weight of the engine itself. On the other side, the plate is mounted on two studs and tightened with bolts.

To make a simple design, you need to purchase 20-30 circular saws, which have tips made of hard metal. You also need to prepare washers with a diameter of 2 centimeters for the saws. In this way, you can get a working cutting mechanism 8 centimeters long, and if desired, it can be changed by removing or adding a number of saws.

It is important to know that it is strictly forbidden to attach saws close to each other. This is justified by the fact that the thickness of the disk teeth is slightly greater than its base, so you need to compensate for the distance between the saws using washers

The shaft on which the saws will be mounted and driven by belts must be machined from a steel rod. But it is premature to purchase or find two bearings, the diameter of which will match the shaft. Housings should be made for the bearings. If you don’t want to do this yourself, then ready-made designs can be found on the market or on specialized websites.


To install the saws on the shaft, you need to cut a thread. A steel disk 1 centimeter thick can be used as a flywheel. As an alternative, you can use a ready-made flywheel from agricultural machinery or a regular VAZ car. You also need to prepare a base plate for branches 1 centimeter thick. It can be cut from a steel plate.

When the chosen design looks like chopping knives, then you can take the drawing of a conventional jointer as a basis. In it you will only need to change the diameters of the axles for the already selected bearings. It is better to reduce the width of the cutting mechanism to 10 centimeters, because a larger size is not needed. Knives for such wood chipping are usually made from springs from a truck, having previously sharpened them.

Also for this design you will additionally need to prepare the following components:

  • A circle of steel 2 centimeters thick and 5 centimeters in diameter. Dimensions may vary depending on the power of the motor itself.
  • A sheet of metal at least 4 millimeters thick. A counter knife for branches is made from it.
  • For the bunker, a metal sheet 2 millimeters thick.
  • A set of bolts and nuts for fastening.

Selection of motor and belt drive

The power of the engine will directly determine how thick the branches can be processed. Such a motor can be purchased on the market, with the required parameters and technical characteristics. But it’s better to remove the engine from the old equipment or buy it. This way you can save a lot of money.

For acceptance the right decision For this choice, you need to listen to several tips:

  1. For an electric motor, the ideal power would be 2.5 - 3.5 kW, but at least 2 kW. Smaller motors can be used to collect grass and small branches.
  2. A diesel engine, in turn, must have at least 5-6 horsepower. Similar engines are installed on conventional walk-behind tractors.
  3. Purchasing and installing a high-power electric motor is not advisable, since it consumes too much energy, and the work done will not correspond to this. It can only be installed if it was simply lying around in the barn or if it was removed from old equipment that was not working.

Engine speed is not so important when choosing, since it can be increased with a pulley thanks to a belt drive.

In order for a branch cutter to successfully process tree waste, you need to ensure an engine speed of at least 1500 per minute. What matters here is not the speed of the knives itself, but the torque or force applied. The distance between the pulleys also does not play a big role. The only nuance in this case may be a decrease in efficiency and belt tension force.

Before ordering the production of pulleys from a turner, you need to think about the purposes for which such a design will be used. Perhaps it makes sense to make several grooves in the pulley, with the help of which you can easily change the speed of the cutting shaft. For example, you can set it to lower speeds when working with grass and corn stalks, and to higher speeds when processing tree branches.

Case manufacturing

Now that everything is more or less clear with the main working element in the chopper, we can move on to manufacturing the body. To do this, we need sheet metal with a thickness of 5 mm, from which we need to cut two identical parts. These will be the bottom (base) and top (cover) plates. In appearance, they resemble two geometric shapes superimposed on each other - a circle and a rectangle. The circle should be 3-5 cm larger in diameter than the flywheel with knives.

In our case, the finished parts look like this:

In this picture you can see the entire set of parts that will be needed to make the case. The curved strip of metal (at the very top) is side wall hull, and small gray barrels (bottom left), made from rectangular rod, will be used to strengthen the hull. The bend radius of the strip should be slightly larger than the radius of the flywheel with blades to provide sufficient clearance for it to rotate.

After all the elements of the body for the chopper are ready, you can begin assembly, and here we cannot do without welding. First, you need to weld a curved metal strip to the bottom plate.

Check if there is clearance between the disc and the side wall.

If everything is normal and the gap between the wall and the disk is sufficient, you can weld the barrels to the bottom plate and side wall (from the outside), and then completely weld the resulting structure inside and out.

As you can see in the picture, the barrels have threaded holes. They are made so that you can bolted connection attach the top plate-cover to the body (these holes can be made through and secured not with bolts, but with long studs).

After the main part of the body is welded, holes must be drilled in the lid in accordance with the location of the barrels.

It is also necessary to drill holes in the bottom plate and cover for the drive shaft. There will be a flywheel with knives on it.

And make holes for attaching the support bearings.

The housing for the disk with knives is almost ready; all that remains is to make a receiving hole through which material (branches, twigs, etc.) will be supplied to the knives.

The hole must be made in such a way that the branches are fed at an angle. This is necessary to prevent the branches from being thrown back.

In principle, you can begin assembling the main unit of the chopper - the housing assembly with the disk and knives, as well as the drive shaft.

By the way, before connecting all parts of the product, you can paint them.

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You probably noticed nuts around the shaft on the flywheel?

To ensure that the lower flywheel bars do not rub against the base of the housing, it is necessary to provide clearances. A bearing is installed under the flywheel, on which it will rest during operation, exerting significant loads. So, the lower strips, which are welded to the disk, were selected taking into account the gap that was provided by the bearing between the disk and the lower plate of the housing.

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Now you can install it on a frame with wheels, which can be easily made from a corner and a channel. Well, in our example, this is a frame from a trailer for a walk-behind tractor.

The next steps are the installation of the belt pulleys on the shaft and, in fact, the engine.

Everyone can implement this stage in their own way, but if, as in our version, you will use a heavy flywheel, remember that the engine must be selected with the appropriate power.

Now let's see how this unit works at idle, without load.

Shredder with installed inlet socket

Now testing our homemade wood chipper.

Dear readers, if you have any questions, please ask them using the form below. We will be glad to communicate with you 😉

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Grass and thin branches shredder

Important! During work, you should not use your hand to direct the branches to the place of chopping. Use a thicker branch or a special board for this.

If you don’t have to dispose of thick branches and don’t need a wood chipper, the design can be simplified. Powerful teeth are not required; as a chopper we use a knife diagram for shredding cabbage.

The operating principle of the device is shown in the illustration:

The disc cutter, rotating at high speed, cuts small pieces from a bunch of grass or branches. The process occurs very quickly, the productivity of such a machine is high.

You can use any round container as a working hopper - for example, an old pan or bucket. Since thick branches will not be crushed, strength is not so important. Or you can weld a box from thin sheet steel. Often, for the manufacture of such structures, so-called “snails” from old ventilation systems are used.

In this case, you can use the entire structure at once: shaft, electric motor, fan housing. All that remains is to make the cutting tool, and the grass chopper is ready.

As knives, you can use hard alloy plates sharpened on opposite sides, or a metal disk with special slots on which the knives are mounted.

The grass, falling into the slots, is finely chopped and flies out into the side hole. The device is quite safe, the main thing is to make the feed socket in such a way as to prevent limbs from getting into the cutter.

The finished design is compact and transportable.

As a drive, you can use any electric motor with a power of up to 1 kW, or an ordinary angle grinder (grinder).

Three types of homemade shredders

It is difficult to make a screw and turbine-milling shredder at home, so craftsmen prefer to assemble structures disk type, twin-shaft shredders, as well as shredders made from circular saws.

Option No. 1. Twin-shaft shredder

Among homemade products, this is the most powerful device, but you will have to tinker with it a fair amount. Two round shafts are centered and placed vertically on the box frame. Each shaft has several removable knives. The more knives there are around the perimeter of the shafts, the smaller the chips you will get at the output.

The twin-shaft unit allows you to chop branches with a diameter of up to 8 cm.

  1. Neck;
  2. Support frame;
  3. Cutting block frame;
  4. Cutting shaft;
  5. Transfer shaft;
  6. Transfer belt;
  7. Engine;
  8. Area.

Drawings of a two-shaft chopper on a frame.

Twin-shaft shredder - the device is quite powerful, it is designed for large volumes and thick branches

If you need to chop small shrubs, then it is better to pay attention to the disk system. For those who are interested in power, the video below in this article shows how to make a twin-shaft shredder with your own hands

Option No. 2. Shredder with cutting disc

A disk chopper is the easiest to manufacture; the main thing here is to make the blade disk correctly and not skimp on the quality of the knives themselves.

Drawing of a disk shredder with a belt transmission mechanism.

If you have a motor with a power of 3 kW or more, then the disk can be mounted directly on the motor shaft. For less powerful devices, a transmission mechanism is used.

With a powerful motor, the cutting disc can be mounted directly on the shaft.

Option No. 3. Circular discs

A shredder made from circular saws from a circular saw is also quite simple to make. You need to order a turner a shaft on which the disks will be strung, and purchase a set of the disks themselves.

Drawing of the cutting unit of a shredder made from circular saws.

There are a couple of important points during assembly. Firstly, the disks are not threaded onto the shaft tightly, but through washers 7–10 mm thick. Secondly, the teeth of adjacent disks should not be on the same line; they should be arranged either chaotically or diagonally.

It is better to arrange the teeth in disc cutters diagonally.

Device Features

A wood chipper is a very convenient tool. However, not everyone can afford such a purchase, so most gardeners prefer homemade solutions. But is it possible to create a device without the appropriate plumbing and welding skills and tools? Unfortunately no. Even a simple branch chopper based on circular saws, it is created following strict instructions. In addition, to create shafts and bearing housings, you need to turn to professional craftsmen. The whole process can be divided into the following stages:

DIY water millsList of winter green manures

  1. Finding a suitable shredder design.
  2. Selecting a power plant and calculating the final drive.
  3. Selection of metal components and parts that need to be turned using a lathe.
  4. Frame installation.
  5. Installation of drive, cutting parts and belt drive.
  6. Installation of the protective casing and hopper.

When creating, you should be guided by the following rules:

  1. If priority is given to receiving small wood shavings at minimum costs resources, give preference to models made from circular saws.
  2. If you are going to chop small diameter branches into a larger fraction, a cutting mechanism such as a jointer is the ideal solution.
  3. If you want to chop branches in large quantities, equip disk crushers.

By the way, small shavings and wood chips are often used to produce compost and mulch. In addition, fuel briquettes are created on its basis, which are then used to heat private houses.

If you have decided with choice of wood chipper, start procuring parts, materials and equipment. However, before that, there are a few key tasks you need to complete.

Assembling a homemade unit

To make a shredder you will need to prepare:

  1. Set of circular saws for wood with large teeth made of carbide – 25 pcs. Sold in stores. The landing (inner) diameter of the saws is 20 mm, the outer diameter is 180 mm.
  2. Threaded rod M20 – 1 pc. used as a shaft. Sold in stores or can be made to order.
  3. Separating washers with a thickness of 5 mm, an outer diameter of 130 mm and a hole of 20 mm - 24 pcs. Make your own from plastic or resin.
  4. Sheet of galvanized steel 1.5 - 2 mm thick for the manufacture of a hopper and casing.
  5. Ball bearings – 2 pcs. inner diameter 20 mm. Can be used.
  6. Fastenings to ball bearings – 2 pcs.
  7. Steel pipes, channel and angle for making a frame.
  8. Pulley for the electric motor shaft – 1 pc. outer diameter 60 mm. Select or make.
  9. Pulley on the cutting block shaft - 1 pc. Outer diameter 120 mm. Choose or make your own.
  10. M20 nuts – 2 pcs. for the block shaft.
  11. Nuts, bolts and screws for fastening various parts (bearings, moving elements of the belt tension system, etc.).
  12. Drive belt - 1 pc.
  13. Electric motor with a power of 3 kW. Can be used.
  14. Cable and starter for supplying power to the electric motor.

Specialist's note: It is imperative to check the electric motor for the absence of an interturn short circuit.

You also need to prepare:

  • welding machine;
  • grinder;
  • metal scissors or chisel and hammer;
  • wrenches and screwdrivers for nuts, bolts and screws;
  • metal brushes for cleaning welding seams;
  • primer and paint for painting the finished unit.

The shredder is assembled in the following order:

Expert advice: The bunker, which is made of galvanized metal, does not need to be painted.

Advantages of a circular saw shredder:

  • ease of manufacture;
  • high performance;
  • the ability to process branches of large and small diameter;
  • Carbide saw teeth practically do not wear out and last a long time.

Flaws:

  • chips get stuck between the saws and then cleaning is required.

The compact branch chopper will be a reliable assistant in garden care.

Watch the video in which an experienced user explains in great detail the structure of a DIY wood chipper:

Types of garden shredders, main components and elements

Shredders consist of a cutting mechanism, a drive, a loading hopper and a frame with casing. In addition, they can be equipped with a hopper for crushed organic matter. Among the auxiliary means: a pusher and a sieve, which is used to obtain a certain fraction of wood chips. The residue on the sieve is sent for re-grinding.

Garden shredders are classified by the type of cutting system and type of drive.

Cutting systems

Commercially available chippers may have cutting systems:

  • windrow - branches and bushes;
  • hammer - thin branches;
  • milling - solid plant raw materials;
  • with a rotating turbine - thick branches;
  • knife - universal;
  • trimmers (line instead of knives) - grass, tops.

1 - hammer grinder; 2 - milling chopper; 3 - chopper with milling-turbine knives; 4 - blade disc chopper

There are other designs. Knife saws and circular saws are suitable for self-production. The most common are knife ones, and the knives can be fixed on a massive disk in twos, three or more pieces, or rotate towards each other in a two-roll design.

type of drive

Garden shredder drives can be electrically powered or use two- and four-stroke gasoline engines. In practice, when making a unit with your own hands, they use an engine that sits idle for most of the year, or remove the engine from unnecessary household appliances. The main thing is that the power is sufficient - not lower than 1.1 kW. If there is nothing suitable, you can buy a new engine, but in this case the benefits of a homemade shredder are not so noticeable compared to a purchased product.

Some grinders that process exclusively soft raw materials, for example, succulent animal feed, may not have a drive and are powered by human muscular effort. Below are drawings of shredders that you can make yourself.

Homemade manual shredders. A - two-knife chopper: 1 - knives; 2 - counter-cutting plates. B - multi-blade greens chopper: 1 - knives; 2 - counter-cutting plates; 3 - base frame. B - root crop chopper: 1 - shell; 2 - bearing; 3 - drum; 4 - cross; 5 - handle; 6 - end wall of the housing; 7 - shield; 8 - slope board of the tray; 9 - stand; 10 - side wall of the housing

In the first picture, the knives are made from old, one-sided saws; in the second, the knives and plates are made from saw blades. The knives have beveled teeth, like a saw, with a pitch of 5 mm. Both choppers have long handles for light weight. The working part of the third design is made in the form of a drum with notches, the sharp edges of which stick out.

Garden shredders

Currently, wood shredders are called differently: wood chipper, branch chopper, shredder, wood chipper, wood chipper, knot crusher, device for processing plastic, paper and sawdust, etc. The device consists of the following components:

  1. Steel frame where all parts and mechanisms are installed.
  2. The main drive can be an electric or fuel engine running on gasoline or diesel. In the latter case, there is a gross take-off of capacity.
  3. Cutting parts.
  4. Smooth transmission.
  5. Protective cover.
  6. 2 bins - one feeds wooden sticks, and the other unloads wood chips.

As for homemade shredders, they differ only in the design of the cutting mechanism, and the remaining parts in them can have different sizes. If you are planning to make your own wood chipper, drawings and diagrams will be the first thing you need. They can be found on the Internet. Here are the most popular solutions:

  1. In the central part of the shaft, 20-30 circular saws are fixed, which are equipped with durable teeth made of hard alloys.
  2. An option reminiscent of a jointer on a circular saw. The shaft is equipped with longitudinal grooves (the number is determined by the power of the power plant), where there are chopping knives made of carbon steel. The branches are fed at an angle of 90 degrees to the knives.
  3. A disc crusher for wood (it’s easy to make it yourself), where the cutting elements are fixed on the plane of a steel circle mounted on a shaft. In this case, the branches are fed at an angle of 30-45 degrees to the surface of the disk, which can be achieved using a loading hopper.
  4. A chipper with two shafts that rotate synchronously. The cutting edges of the knives mounted on the shafts converge to one point at the moment of rotation. This ensures effective self-tightening of the branches after gripping, as well as their subsequent crushing. The wood is fed perpendicular to the rotating knives.

To improve the performance of the shredder, a flywheel is often installed, which fits onto the free end of the shaft. In disk models, this part is replaced by a heavy metal circle with knives.

Main components of the chopper

The shredder design consists of several elements:

  • Grinding mechanism;
  • Bunker;
  • Drive unit;
  • Frame with casing (housing).

Some samples of shredders have additional components:

  • Mechanism for promoting material;
  • Sieve for primary sorting of crushed mass;
  • Receiving hopper for crushed waste.

The main design elements are the grinding mechanism and the drive. They are the ones who perform the task, and the remaining nodes serve to increase efficiency or perform additional functions. The task performed by the drive is simple and monotonous - it ensures rotation of the working shaft. The functions that the chopper performs are somewhat more complex and depend on its design. Let's take a closer look at them:

Grinding mechanism

This unit destroys the green mass using a cutting tool mounted on a rotating shaft. There are several factory design options for grinding mechanisms:

    Knife disc. Reminds the principle of operation of a vegetable cutter in a food processor. The knives are installed on a flat disk in the direction from the center to the edges of the disk; the crushed material is fed at an angle of about 30° to the surface. Designed for processing relatively thin branches and stems with a diameter of up to 2 cm.

    The disc blade unit is capable of chopping grass and branches up to 2 cm thick

    Milling design. The cutting body is a knife shaft from an electric planer, a set of cutters or circular saws mounted on a common shaft and separated by washers. There is another type of design similar type, consisting of two identical knife shafts rotating synchronously. The shafts are adjusted so that the knives meet at one point on the front surface of rotation, which helps push the material into the machine. The design is capable of processing material up to 8 cm in diameter, but it is not recommended to work with damp branches or tree trunks, since the chips from them are elastic and quickly clog the shredder passages.

    The milling design allows you to process branches up to 8 cm thick, but the material used must be dry

    Milling-turbine knife design. It is a kind of knife shaft, but has a cone-shaped shape. The knives are mounted on two hoops located at the edges of the cutting surface, which facilitates the manufacture of the working element and reduces metal consumption. The installation is capable of working with dry or wet material, of different sizes or hardness - depending on the size of the cutting element.

    The milling-turbine design allows you to cope with branches of almost any diameter

The most convenient for self-production are:

  • Double-roll structures consisting of jointer-type working rollers with 4 knives each.
  • Disc design.
  • A package of circular saws (as an option, of wood cutters installed in the same way - on a common shaft).

The choice of one option or another is made based on one’s own capabilities and preferences. In addition, an important role is played by the equipment and machines that allow the manufacture and assembly of a certain version of the cutting element. If you don’t have your own machines, the necessary parts should be ordered from a turner, which will cost some money, but the result will be quite professionally done.

Engine type and power

Electric or gasoline (diesel) engines are used to rotate the working shaft. The choice of drive is determined by its availability, power level, and site capabilities. For an electric motor to operate, you must have a connection to the network (and if the motor is three-phase, then the situation becomes somewhat more complicated), while gasoline engines are able to operate more autonomously. There is another advantage of gasoline engines - they allow you to adjust the speed of rotation of the working shaft by changing the fuel supply, whereas electrical devices operate in a single speed mode. In addition, the power of gasoline devices is usually much higher, although there are also electric motors with high power. To create a universal installation capable of working with material of different sizes and strengths, it is recommended to use a motor capable of developing a power of about 4 kW. This value was determined experimentally and makes it possible to process almost any type of material at home.

Drawings of various designs of garden shredders

Let's look at several designs of shredders that you can assemble yourself.

Drawing of a hammer grinder

A hammer chopper can crush branches, straw, corn stalks, and grain.

1 - loading hopper (sheet δ1 mm); 2 - edging of the neck of the loading hopper (corner 25x25); 3 - damper/valve (sheet δ1 mm); 4 - M6 bolt for tie (8 pcs.); 5 - framing of the loading hole in the housing (equal-flange angle 25 mm); 6 - M8 pin (8 pcs.); 7 - outer drum of the housing (pipe Ø 270x6); 8 - stator with grooves (pipe Ø 258x6); 9 and 20 - hammers and spacers (sheet δ3 mm, hardened to hardness HRC 45–47, 72 pcs. and 70 pcs., respectively); 10 - latch Ø 3 (4 pcs.); 11 - M20 nut with spring washer; 12 - hammer axis (circle Ø 22, 4 pcs.); 13, 14 - piping of pipes (equal angle 25 mm); 15, 19 - gaskets (rubber, sheet δ3 mm); 16 - M8 nut for fastening the flange (8 pcs); 17 - hammer rotor; 18 - flange (sheet δ5 mm, 2 pcs.); 21 - clamp; 22 - drive shaft

Cutting tools - circular saw pack

A package of 15–30 circular saws mounted on a shaft is one of the options for the cutting system of a shredder. Some craftsmen point out that saw teeth quickly become clogged with plant matter. Others claim that they achieved good performance of the tool empirically - by setting the teeth differently relative to neighboring saws. Since carbide teeth are thicker than the disk itself, thin separators made of metal (for example, washers) or plastic must be installed between the saws, and the entire package is clamped with nuts.

Pack of 15 saw blades on shaft

As a drive, you can use a low-power walk-behind tractor, pulleys and bearings - used parts from a VAZ car. The bell of the loading hopper is a truncated pyramid, the outlet hole is small so that a person’s hand does not pass through. It is better to make the frame for the chopper higher in order to remove the crushed raw materials less often.

M20 pin saw set

Side view

Double roller shredder

This chopper chops branches into measured pieces from 2 to 8 cm long, convenient for heating a bathhouse or wood-burning heating boiler. Its design consists of two shafts with knives - 3-4 pieces per shaft, rigidly secured with bolts. Knives can be turned from KamAZ or MAZ springs. If you can find a bulldozer knife, that will also work. The shafts are fixed on massive sheets in parallel, at a distance sufficient for the knives to cut the branch without clinging to each other. Free rotation of the shafts is ensured by bearings, and their synchronization is achieved through a gear clutch moving by a belt (chain) from the engine. To drive this chopper, it is advisable to use a high-power engine, but at low speed.

If you want to create a mobile shredder, you need to provide mounts for wheels on the frame.

Frame element

Axle and shaft

Shaft assembly

Arrangement of shafts on the frame

Square billet shafts for 4 knives

The video shows a chopper with gears: driven gears - from the MTZ shank, adjusted to right size, the drive (gear for transmitting torque to the shafts) was found using the selection method.

Preparation of material and frame

The manufacture of wood chippers requires a lot of costs. If you find the material on the farm, you can save a lot on creating a shredder. The following types of metal may be suitable for making a frame:

  • Equal-flanged single corner, the width of which is 50-63 mm.
  • 2 welded corners in a 35 mm box.
  • Profile 4 by 4 cm.
  • Channel, the number of which can be from 6.5 to 10.
  • Round pipes with a diameter of 32 to 48 mm.

The electric motor is mounted on a steel sheet, the thickness of which is 10 mm, and the dimensions correspond to the distance between the holes on the edge.


There are 2 ways to tighten the belt:

  • The holes for mounting the engine are made oblong. They must be secured with bolts.
  • The slab is placed on hinges on one side and on studs on the other. This allows you to tighten the belt with the weight of the engine.

For a simple homemade wood chipper for heating, you will need 20-25 attachment washers with a diameter of 2 cm and circular saws with carbide tips. This will help create a work area 8cm wide. By removing or adding slabs, you can easily reduce or expand it.

It is prohibited to attach circular saws close to each other, because their teeth are thicker than the base. To compensate for the difference, washers are placed between the saws. The shaft is turned from a steel rod on a lathe. Before this, you need to select 2 bearings. The shaft will be machined to their size. In addition, it is necessary to make a housing for the bearings with mounting edges. You can often find them in a store or buy them secondhand.

Next, a thread is cut on the shaft for attaching the saws. Instead of a flywheel, a steel circle 1 cm thick is used. A pulley taken from agricultural machinery is also suitable. A steel base plate can act as a counter knife. It must be cut out of metal, the thickness of which is more than 1 cm.

To assemble a crushing machine with discs you will also need:

  • Circles of steel are from 15 to 20 cm thick. Their diameter should vary from 40 to 50 cm. It depends on the engine power.
  • Metal in sheets for a casing with a thickness of more than 5 mm.
  • Metal sheet no thicker than 2 mm for welding containers.
  • Bolts with nuts size 12−16.

For any type of shredder you need to make a base. The mechanisms and drive will eventually be attached to it. It is cooked from pipes and corners.

  1. The height is selected according to height. It is important that it is convenient to lay the raw materials.
  2. The width of the frame should not be less than 50 cm, otherwise the structure will not be stable.
  3. Cross members are welded between the posts to give rigidity to the base.
  4. For mobility of the shredder, wheels and a handle are attached to the frame.
  5. It is better to place the engine in the base area. However, it should not stick out.


Loaf crusher

The material for the manufacture of a walk-behind shredder will be a 250 channel. Additionally, a pulley with a cross-section of 87 millimeters and knives 100 millimeters long from an electric planer will be required. It is necessary to build a receiving hopper into which various branches will be loaded. The hopper is equipped with a fixed, sharp disk knife, which will chop the branches. It is better to take disks with a diameter of approximately 80 mm. The disk is mounted with M8 bolts. This way, the knives will not be constantly clogged with fine dust when processing wood.

The main thing is to choose the right angle when installing the knife. Then the branches will be crushed literally in an instant.




Do-it-yourself electric wood chipper

You can make a garden shredder with an electric motor, then there will be less fuss with chopping, but there must be a place for connection, which is problematic in different places on the site. In principle, it is no different from what was described above. For such a chopper, you will need a disk with a diameter of 20 millimeters with three oval holes for subsequent attachment of the legs. A 3 kW motor would be optimal, but a more powerful one can be used. The disk can be placed horizontally, or, if desired, can be installed vertically. It is also called a woodchip chopper.

You should consider installing a pair of bearings, the top one will be a support bearing, and the bottom one will be a regular one.




In principle, such a garden shredder has a small drawback - it is quite noisy, this can all be corrected by checking the balancing of the disk. You can also slightly tilt the sleeve that feeds the branches, it will cut better.

For excellent information, we thank the sites: www.umeltsi.ru, dachnaya-zhizn.ru

Engine selection and belt drive determination

An indicator such as drive power indicates the thickness of the branches that a homemade device can process:

  1. For most purposes, electric motors with power ratings of 2.5−3.5 kW, but not less than 2 kW, are sufficient. Power plants with a power of 1.5 kW are suitable for arranging shredders for grass and small branches. They will not cope with larger debris.
  2. Gasoline or diesel engines must have a power of 5-6 horsepower. By the way, similar units are installed on household walk-behind tractors and compact mini-tractors.
  3. If you are considering purchasing a more powerful electric motor, this may be a pointless purchase. The fact is that such a unit consumes too much electrical energy, but does not show high productivity.

However, the number of revolutions of the electric motor practically does not matter, since the required rotation speed of the cutting elements is provided by a V-belt drive.

In order for a wood shredder to cope with its duties with a bang, the knife shaft must operate at a speed of no more than 1500 rpm. Such indicators can be achieved by choosing suitable diameter driving and driven pulleys. The decisive factor is not the speed of rotation of the knives, but the resulting torque or force

There is also no point in paying special attention to the distance between the pulleys and the length of the belt, with the exception of too long belts, which significantly reduce transmission efficiency.

As an example, we can choose the following calculation: we take an electric motor of 2800 rpm, which will be installed on the crusher. The ideal solution would be to reduce the shaft speed by half, to 1400 rpm. In this case, the pulley diameters will differ by a factor of two. For example, the size of the driving pulley is 100 millimeters, and the diameter of the driven pulley reaches 200 mm.

When ordering pulleys for a V-belt drive in a turning workshop, keep in mind: it is better to give preference to pulleys with 3 or 4 grooves, so that you can then change the speed on the working shaft by rearranging the belt. In this case, it will be possible to adjust chopper under different conditions work, for example, for processing corn stalks, sunflowers or grass.

Manufacturing of a disk chopper

Making such a unit is not difficult. To make a homemade disk wood chipper You will need the following set of materials:

  • Sheet metal 4 mm thick for the manufacture of a bunker and a protective casing.
  • Fastening hardware.
  • A thick strip of strong, hardened steel for making knives. You can use a spring from a truck.
  • Rolled metal for frame manufacturing. Ideal for profile or round pipe, you can also choose a ready-made frame.
  • Flywheel or material for its manufacture.
  • Shaft with a diameter of 20 mm. You can purchase a ready-made one or order it from a turner.
  • Two 307 bearings.
  • Bearing races, which will subsequently be welded to the frame.

To carry out the work you will also need a grinder, a drill, a welding machine and consumables for them. Holes are made in the flywheel for the shaft. If there is no ready-made flywheel, it should be made from a steel sheet about 15 mm thick.

It is impossible to do this kind of work at home; you will need the help of a turner-miller. Knives are cut from a spring or strip and attached to the flywheel with an inclination angle of 30 degrees. Then the frame and loading hopper are made. A structure consisting of knives, a flywheel, a shaft, bearings, their cages and a frame is assembled together.

A protective casing and loading hopper are installed. The final chord is installing the engine and connecting it to the working body via a belt or direct drive. If you choose a belt drive, it is necessary to provide a mechanism for adjusting the belt tension. After painting, the work on making a homemade disk-type wood chipper can be considered complete.

Do-it-yourself assembly of the unit

Before proceeding to the last stage of creation, it is necessary to lubricate the bearing cages. To do this, remove the plastic caps in advance.

  1. Between the saws, washers are placed on the shaft, which are tightened on all sides with nuts.
  2. The bearings are bolted to the shaft, and then to the outer housing.
  3. The flywheel and pulley are placed on the shaft and secured firmly.
  4. Counter knives are installed close to the teeth.
  5. Fasten the engine and transmission by tensioning the belt.

It is recommended to install the counter knife using bolts. Welding should not be used; it will not allow you to adjust the gap between the teeth and the edge of the plate. The saw teeth must be aligned with the counter knife. Once all the parts are in place, it’s time to install the casing and containers for raw materials. Their sizes are any, they must be safe and easy to use. Finally, the machine is connected to the electrical network.

DIY wood chipper

Disc chopper

Unlike a twin-shaft shredder, a disc shredder requires much less parts, time and effort to assemble.

Necessary materials:

  • motor;
  • knives;
  • profile pipe;
  • metal sheet to create a disk;
  • sheet metal 2 mm thick for the protective shell and receiving compartment.

Such a small number of parts is explained by the low power of the device. If a twin-shaft mechanism can grind thick branches up to 10 cm in diameter into chips, this one can handle a maximum of 2 cm. Knives can be made as described in the instructions above.

Progress:

  • Make a frame from a profile pipe.
  • Place the motor inside the frame.
  • Install a sheet metal reflective shield over the engine.
  • Cut a hole in the reflective shield for the shaft.

Drill a hole in the disk for installation on the shaft and small slots for fixing the knives

  • Assemble the disc with knives and install it inside.
  • Make a receiving compartment from sheet metal according to the instructions above and install it on the shredder.

As you can see, it’s nothing complicated, the main thing is to get everything necessary details. A homemade wood chipper with two shafts has great power and is designed for processing large branches. The size of the chips can be controlled from 2 cm to 8 cm depending on the number of knives per shaft.

An inevitable companion of a garden plot is plant debris in the form of grass and branches. It is not advisable to throw away or burn such waste, because it can be used to obtain natural fertilizer. It is enough to grind it to the state of wood chips. A garden shredder can easily handle this task. However, if there is no financial opportunity to purchase it, then you can make a garden shredder with your own hands. This article will tell you in detail how to do this.

A garden shredder, also known as a shredder or chipper, greatly facilitates the process of caring for your summer cottage. With its help, you can easily clear the area of ​​branches and grass. Recycled raw materials can be placed in a compost pit to obtain natural fertilizer. Received small wood It is advisable to use it as firewood for heating a house. Shredded wood chips from fruit trees ideal for smoking meat.

The design of a garden shredder is quite simple. It consists of the following main parts:

  • bunker;
  • drive;
  • grinding mechanism;
  • metal frame with a protective casing.

Some models may be equipped with additional elements:

  • a hopper for crushed organic waste;
  • pusher;
  • a sieve to regulate the woodchip fraction.

The operating principle of any chopper is the same as that of a meat grinder and is as follows. When the shredder is turned on, the engine starts, which drives the working shaft equipped with a cutting mechanism. At this time, garden waste enters the receiving funnel and is crushed into fine chips using a cutting device.

Helpful advice! When carrying out work related to the processing of garden waste, you should use products personal protection– glasses, gloves, etc.

Grinding mechanism

Before you start creating a homemade shredder, you need to clearly determine the type of waste that it will process. This directly depends on his design features and performance characteristics. Garden shredders are classified according to three main parameters: the type and power of the engine and the type of chopping mechanism.

The following options for the grinding mechanism are available:

  • milling, for processing hard wood;
  • universal knife;
  • roller, for grinding thin branches of trees and shrubs;
  • with rotating turbines for chopping thick branches;
  • hammer, for recycling thin branches;
  • trimmer, based on the use of fishing line, for soft debris.

When assembling a chopper yourself, preference is given to a knife system or a combination of circular saws. You can make a two-roll design, in which two or three knives are installed on a massive disk and rotate towards each other.

Engine type and power

The shredder can be equipped with an electric or gasoline engine. Each of them has its own important advantages and some disadvantages. A garden shredder powered by gasoline is more mobile. Its operation does not depend on the power source. It is capable of processing thicker large branches. However, such chippers are more bulky and heavy. In addition, they emit into the atmosphere harmful substances in the course of its activities.

Shredders with an electric motor are lighter and more convenient to use. However, they are inferior in terms of power and depend on energy resources.

The ability to process a certain type of garden waste depends on the engine power. For small volumes of waste, where the diameter of the branches does not exceed 20 mm, a 1.5 kW motor is sufficient. If you need to grind branches 20-40 mm thick, then it is advisable to use a motor with a power of at least 3.5-4 kW. Shredders equipped with a 6 kW motor can cope with large wood 100-150 mm in diameter.

The next design feature of shredders is the type of drive. This function can be performed by a chain, belt or the motor shaft itself, on which the knife mechanism is fixed.

Steps to creating a DIY garden wood chipper

Creating a shredder with your own hands is a very labor-intensive process that requires technical knowledge and a high level of practical skills from the master. All work consists of two stages. The first, preparatory, consists of creating a drawing of a garden shredder with your own hands and purchasing the necessary materials. The second stage is the actual assembly of the shredder.

Creating a Shredder Drawing

The drawing can be done by hand or using a special design program on a computer. The main structure of the shredder consists of a hopper, a frame, a motor, a shaft with a blade mechanism and a protective casing.

Examples of do-it-yourself drawings of wood chippers clearly show that various crushing mechanisms can be used for the cutting system.

If you use a set of circular saws, the drawing of the chopper will be quite simple. A shaft with 15-30 fixed circular saw blades is installed on a metal frame, which is driven by an engine using a belt drive. For this purpose, pulleys are located at the ends of the shaft and motor. As the do-it-yourself shredder drawings show, branches for heating a house are shredded precisely thanks to such a cutting system.

Helpful advice! For more efficient operation of the chopper, thin dividers made of plastic or metal should be installed between the circular saws.

To create a shredder with a knife disk shredding system, the drawing indicates the diameter of the cutting disk, the number of knives and their location. The disk itself can be placed vertically or at some angle. The number of knives affects the degree of grinding. There can be from 1 to 3 pieces.

There is an option to create a chipper with two shafts. You can see this grinding system in the video. Drawings of a do-it-yourself wood chipper with a two-roll cutting system are distinguished by the presence of two shafts with knives, which are located between metal plates. Each shaft is equipped with 3-4 knives. The knives themselves are secured with bolts and are offset to the side relative to the center of the shaft.

Four bearings are fixed in the holes of the metal plates, which are responsible for the free rotation of the shafts. And two gears driven by the engine ensure their synchronous rotation. Torque from the engine to the drive is transmitted using a chain or belt drive. The distance between the shafts is selected based on the width of the knives and the thickness of the branches.

Helpful advice! To chop small branches and grass, electric motors with a high number of revolutions are required. And for chopping larger branches, strength is important. Here it is necessary to reduce the number of revolutions for powerful engines.

Necessary materials for making a chopper

To make a garden chipper, where the chopping system is a set of circular saws, you need to purchase the following components:

  • circular saws in the amount of 15-20 pcs. diameter 18 cm;
  • engine;
  • 2 pulleys;
  • 2 bearings with fastening;
  • metal washers in the amount of 17-22 pieces up to 5 mm thick for separating circular saws;

  • profile pipes to create a frame;
  • sheet metal about 2 mm thick for the hopper and casing.

For a shredder with a blade disc you will need:

  • engine;
  • sheet metal 2 mm thick;
  • sheet of metal and blades for the disc.

To create a shredder with two shafts, you need to purchase the following materials:

  • gasoline or electric engine;
  • two metal plates 10 mm thick:
  • a pair of gears to ensure synchronous movement of the shafts;
  • a gear or pulley for transmitting torque from the engine to the shafts;
  • pulley for the motor shaft;

  • 5 bearings with fastenings;
  • chopping knives;
  • profile pipes to create a frame;
  • sheet metal with a thickness of at least 2 mm to create a receiving hopper and a protective casing.

As can be seen from the list presented, the design of a shredder with a disk mechanism is the simplest and most affordable. However, such a shredder can shred branches with a diameter of only 20 mm. But a chipper with two shafts can easily cope with large wood with a diameter of up to 80 mm.

Shredder assembly

Having all the necessary elements, you can safely begin to create the design of a garden branch shredder with your own hands based on the completed drawing. Assembling a garden shredder, regardless of the type of mechanism design, consists of several successive steps:

  1. Frame installation.
  2. Creating a bunker.
  3. Assembly of the grinding mechanism.
  4. Installing the engine and grinding device on the frame.

Creating a chopper with a set of circular saw blades

The grinding mechanism of such shredders consists of circular saws, which are alternately mounted on the shaft with separating washers. Each disc has many teeth that can handle even hard wood. Therefore, it will process soft grass, tops and leaves in a matter of minutes. When saw teeth become dull, they can be easily replaced with new ones.

The shaft for the chopper can be turned on a lathe or used ready-made from the gearbox of an old car. The distance between adjacent saws should be about 10 mm. If the gap is smaller, it will reduce the working area of ​​the shredder. If you create a larger gap, this will encourage small branches to get stuck.

Helpful advice! The saw teeth should not be placed on the same line when fixing them on the shaft. It is better to install them chaotically. This reduces the load on the shredder shaft and electric motor.

It is better to use an electric motor, which is practically silent during operation and does not emit harmful substances into the atmosphere. To crush coarse material, you can use a walk-behind tractor, which has great power. The engine should be placed on a movable support so that the drive tension can be adjusted.

The frame for the shredder can be welded using channels, angles or profiled metal pipes. A thrust beam made of a metal profile can be welded to the base of the structure, which will become a support for stems and branches during crushing. When creating pedestals for bearings, it is important not to distort them. The axes of the motor and shaft must be in parallel planes.

The design of the bunker deserves special attention. It can be made from sheet metal. The container should be strong enough to withstand the impact of flying chips from branches. Using a movable support plate in the body of the hopper, it is possible to adjust the size of the chips. So, smaller fragments are suitable for fertilizer, and larger chips are suitable for kindling.

The size of the receiving socket should be larger than the length of the arms to protect them from damage. This also makes it possible to guide the branches into the shredder at a convenient angle.

This DIY garden shredder of branches and grass can cope with both soft waste and hard, thick wood. However, its main problem is the clogging of the space between the saws, which needs regular cleaning.

Creating a shredder with a blade disc

You can create such a grass chopper with your own hands from scrap materials. Since it is designed for crushing soft debris, its design will be very simple, however, it will not have a high strength rating. You can weld a bunker from sheet metal, or you can take an ordinary metal bucket. A housing from an old fan will also work.

To create a cutting system on a metal disk, knives are inserted into special slots, which can be pre-made from a spring sheet from a car. The disk is installed on the shaft. Next is the receiving box. A low-power 1 kW motor is suitable for such a shredder. All the details of creating a garden electric shredder You can watch your own herbs in videos offered on the Internet.

Assembly instructions for a twin-roll shredder

Work begins with creating a frame. To do this, using an angle grinder, two blanks 80 cm long and four pieces 40 cm long are cut from a profile pipe. Next, short sections are welded between the two long blanks at right angles. The two internal parts must be spaced at a sufficient distance from each other to ensure secure installation of the grinding drum.

Helpful advice! For the device to be mobile, the structure must have wheels for movement. To do this, two racks are welded to the frame, onto which an axle with wheels is attached.

The next step is to create the shafts for the chopping drum. If you plan to install four knives on one shaft, then we use a square metal blank. We make both ends of it round so that they can fit into the bearings. For three knives you will need a round blank in which the central part is sharpened. Three flat cuts are made in it for the subsequent installation of knives.

To create knives, you can take a small piece of a Kamaz spring sheet. Holes for bolts are made in the knives. Then you should sharpen the knives on a sharpening machine, where the cutting edge angle is selected with a value of 35-45 degrees. Next, the sharpened knives are applied to the shaft and their attachment points are marked, in which holes are created, and the thread is cut.

Next, we proceed to create the grinding mechanism. Round holes are made in two metal walls using a welding machine for installing bearings. Using special pads and bolts, we install the bearings inside the metal walls. We insert the shafts into the bearings, securing them securely. They must be located at a sufficient distance to prevent them from touching. Next, the drum walls are connected using threaded metal studs and nuts.

Now let's start creating the receiving bunker. To do this, four parallelepipeds are cut from thin sheet metal. Next, each edge is bent by 4 cm. A short section in one direction, a long section in the opposite direction. We connect all the parts using self-tightening rivets or welding. Holes for fastening are made on the bent edges at the base of the box.

Now gears are put on the shafts to synchronize the movement, and the entire structure is installed on the frame and secured with bolts. Then the motor is installed, which is connected to the shaft by a belt drive or chain. It is better to take an engine of high power, but with a low number of revolutions. At the end, the receiving hopper is installed and secured. A protective cover is then placed on all rotating parts of the shredder to prevent foreign objects from entering the shredder.

The main advantages of such a unit are its high power and technical ability to chop thick branches with a diameter of 20 to 80 mm. This will depend on the number of knives and the number of revolutions. Numerous websites on the Internet provide detailed recommendations on how to make a branch chopper with your own hands. Video examples more clearly display the entire assembly and installation process homemade device.

How to make a shredder from scrap materials

Many thrifty and thrifty owners are in no hurry to throw away old tools and Appliances. They find new uses for them. It’s worth showing a little imagination, using logic and ingenuity, and from improvised tools and old parts you can create a real helper in the household. Let's look at some simple options for making a homemade chopper of branches and grass from simple and affordable materials.

Shredder from an angle grinder and a vacuum cleaner

One of these homemade structures is a homemade garden shredder made from an angle grinder, an old vacuum cleaner and lawn mower blades. One famous inventor, Vladimir Belyaev, proposed his own branch chopper, the video of the creation of which inspired many to modernize this idea and offer their own vision when creating a dacha assistant. Next, let's look at one of the interesting and popular options.

To create a simple but productive design, you will need an old working vacuum cleaner, a Makita grinder with a power of 3.2 kW, blades from a lawn mower, a stable wooden base, a receiving funnel and a metal table with a vertically welded sheet of metal.

The receiving funnel is mounted horizontally on a vertical metal sheet welded to the table. This sheet must be thick to support the bolted angle grinder and the knives mounted on it. If the seat of the three-blade blades from a lawn mower is not compatible with an angle grinder, then it is necessary to sharpen them so that the blades fit securely. To prevent the crushed mass from getting stuck between the knives, a pipe from an old vacuum cleaner is attached to the metal sheet, which supplies air. It is advisable that the grinder and the vacuum cleaner turn on at the same time.

The metal table is located on a wooden stationary base. You should also install a protective cover that will prevent the reverse movement of chopped branches.

Such a simple version of a garden shredder with your own hands, a video that clearly confirms this, can be easily created at your dacha, without complex stages of work and the purchase of additional materials.

Washing machine shredder

A garden shredder can be created from an old washing machine. To do this, you will need a body and engine from the equipment, an old saw, a bucket and other parts, and tools for fastening the structure.

A side hole is made in the body of the old washing machine to allow recycled materials to exit. Knives, which can be made from pieces, are attached to the bottom of the container using a special sleeve. old saw. An existing one built into an old washing machine is used as an engine. A receiving container for crushed waste is installed near the side opening.

Drill shredder

Another rudimentary invention is a homemade shredder using an electric drill. The operating principle of this mechanism resembles a vegetable cutter.

To create the design you need to take an old stool. Drill a hole with a diameter of 12 mm in it. A housing with a bearing is attached to the back of the stool. A bucket with a hole of the same diameter is installed on the stool and secured with self-tapping screws. A bearing is inserted into the hole, onto which a shaft is mounted with high-speed steel knives attached to it. A dual-mode drill is connected to the end of the shaft from the bottom of the stool via a quick-release chuck.

Soft raw materials are thrown into the bucket and started electric drill. After thoroughly grinding to the desired state, the mulch is removed. This design is designed for a small volume of recycled waste.

The process of making and sharpening a knife deserves special attention. One-sided sharpening should be performed. The sharpened plane is located below. For chopping freshly cut grass, the diamond-shaped knife shape is ideal, in which the blades can be rounded. This allows the grass to slide freely along the cutting edge of the chopper blade without getting wrapped around it.

From the proposed options, we can conclude that you can create a garden shredder with your own hands from any available material. It is enough to have an electric motor adapted for a 220V network, any round container of sufficient size, a steel sheet, a hacksaw for wood or saws from an old lawn mower to create a cutting mechanism.

Subtleties when choosing an engine for a shredder

A certain engine power provides the required performance of the shredder. When choosing an engine, you should be guided by some important rules:

  1. For small branches, you should choose a motor with a power of at least 2 kW. The higher the power rating, the greater the productivity and technical feasibility shredder
  2. To grind soft waste in the form of grass and leaves, a 1.5 kW motor will be sufficient.
  3. The power of a gasoline engine should not be less than 6 hp.
  4. Do not use overly powerful motors over 3.5 kW. They consume a lot of electricity, but the maximum performance of the unit is not achieved.
  5. The engine speed does not have a big impact on the performance of the chopper. What is important here is the rotation frequency of the knives, which is ensured by a V-belt drive.
  6. To reliably chop branches, the blade shaft should be set to a speed of no more than 1500 rpm. This occurs due to the correct selection of the diameters of the driving and driven pulleys.

Helpful advice! It is better to make pulleys for belt drives with 3-4 grooves. This will allow you to change the speed on the shaft by moving the belt, which is necessary for various conditions chopper operation.

The main advantages of homemade garden shredders

A homemade shredder does not require too much care. It can be used for more than just shredding grass, leaves and branches. It will perfectly recycle any household waste. It can be used to grind the fruits of fruit trees for subsequent preparation of puree, jam or homemade wine.

Homemade shredders can handle branches with a diameter of up to 100 mm, while factory units simply will not allow such large plants to pass through. There is also no need to monitor the moisture content of raw materials for processing. But for factory shredders such negligence is unacceptable. Since in most models the engine is located at the bottom of the structure, the possibility of moisture getting on it must be excluded, which will inevitably lead to breakdown.

An important argument in favor of a homemade device is the cost of the entire structure, which will be much lower than the price of a finished shredder. This also applies to replacing a failed part, which will not be expensive.

In addition, a homemade garden chipper differs in its degree of productivity. All garden waste that falls on the grinding mechanism is instantly processed into small chips.

As can be seen from all of the above, you can create a reliable and faithful assistant for shredding garden waste with your own hands from scrap materials. It is enough to have some skills in locksmith work, to have parts of old equipment, the necessary tools and materials in your garage. Next, having chosen the most appropriate method for yourself, sketch out a drawing of a branch chopper with your own hands. Video various options Performances of a homemade shredder can be viewed on the Internet. Based on the drawing, prepare all the necessary elements and begin assembling the chopper.

If you are not sure about own strength, currently you can buy a homemade wood chipper from the proposed options, which will meet all the requirements and satisfy your wishes at an affordable price.

Let's look at the different types and designs of garden shredders for branches, wood chips, grass and grain that can handle the processing of any type of plant waste. For you, we have collected a selection of drawings and instructions for making a knife garden shredder with your own hands.

There is always a lot of trimmed branches, grass, tops and other plant waste in the garden. You can collect them and burn them, you can put them in a huge pile in the hope that someday you will get compost, or you can prepare raw materials for quick production organic fertilizer, for adding wood chips to the soil in order to improve its structure, you can get excellent mulch or boiler fuel. To do this, you need a garden shredder, which you can buy or you can make yourself.

Advice! Protect your hands and eyes when operating the shredder, especially when shredding solid waste. Glasses and leather gloves will protect you from injury.

Types of garden shredders, main components and elements

Shredders consist of a cutting mechanism, a drive, a loading hopper and a frame with casing. In addition, they can be equipped with a hopper for crushed organic matter. Among the auxiliary means: a pusher and a sieve, which is used to obtain a certain fraction of wood chips. The residue on the sieve is sent for re-grinding.

Garden shredders are classified by the type of cutting system and type of drive.

Cutting systems

Commercially available chippers may have cutting systems:

  • windrow - branches and bushes;
  • hammer - thin branches;
  • milling - solid plant raw materials;
  • with a rotating turbine - thick branches;
  • knife - universal;
  • trimmers (line instead of knives) - grass, tops.

1 - hammer grinder; 2 — milling chopper; 3 — chopper with milling-turbine knives; 4 - blade disc chopper

There are other designs. Knife saws and circular saws are suitable for self-production. The most common are knife ones, and the knives can be fixed on a massive disk in twos, three or more pieces, or rotate towards each other in a two-roll design.

type of drive

Garden shredder drives can be electrically powered or use two- and four-stroke gasoline engines. In practice, when making a unit with your own hands, they use an engine from a walk-behind tractor, which sits idle for most of the year, or remove the engine from unnecessary household appliances. The main thing is that the power is sufficient - not less than 1.1 kW. If there is nothing suitable, you can buy a new engine, but in this case the benefits of a homemade shredder are not so noticeable compared to a purchased product.

Some grinders that process exclusively soft raw materials, for example, succulent animal feed, may not have a drive and are powered by human muscular effort. Below are drawings of shredders that you can make yourself.

Homemade manual shredders. A - two-knife chopper: 1 - knives; 2 - counter-cutting plates. B - multi-blade greens chopper: 1 - knives; 2 - counter-cutting plates; 3 - base frame. B - root crop chopper: 1 - shell; 2 - bearing; 3 - drum; 4 — cross; 5 — handle; 6 — end wall of the housing; 7 — shield; 8 — pitched board of the tray; 9 — stand; 10 — side wall of the case

In the first picture, the knives are made from old, single-sided saws; in the second, the knives and plates are made from saw blades. The knives have beveled teeth, like a saw, with a pitch of 5 mm. Both choppers have long handles for light weight. The working part of the third design is made in the form of a drum with notches, the sharp edges of which stick out.

Drawings of various designs of garden shredders

Let's look at several designs of shredders that you can assemble yourself.

Drawing of a hammer grinder

A hammer chopper can crush branches, straw, corn stalks, and grain.

1 — loading hopper (sheet δ1 mm); 2 — edging of the neck of the loading hopper (corner 25x25); 3 — damper/valve (sheet δ1 mm); 4 — M6 bolt for tie (8 pcs.); 5 — framing of the loading hole in the housing (equal-flange angle 25 mm); 6 — M8 pin (8 pcs.); 7 — outer drum of the housing (pipe Ø 270x6); 8 — stator with grooves (pipe Ø 258x6); 9 and 20 — hammers and spacers (sheet δ3 mm, hardened to hardness HRC 45-47, 72 pcs. and 70 pcs., respectively); 10 — latch Ø 3 (4 pcs.); 11 — M20 nut with a spring washer; 12 — hammer axis (circle Ø 22, 4 pcs.); 13, 14 — piping of pipes (equal angle 25 mm); 15, 19 — gaskets (rubber, sheet δ3 mm); 16 — M8 nut for fastening the flange (8 pcs); 17 — hammer rotor; 18 — flange (sheet δ5 mm, 2 pcs.); 21 — clamp; 22 - drive shaft

Cutting tool - circular saw package

A package of 15-30 circular saws mounted on a shaft is one of the options for the cutting system of a shredder. Some craftsmen point out that saw teeth quickly become clogged with plant matter. Others claim that they achieved good performance of the tool empirically - by setting the teeth differently relative to neighboring saws. Since carbide teeth are thicker than the disk itself, thin separators made of metal (for example, washers) or plastic must be installed between the saws, and the entire package is clamped with nuts.

Pack of 15 saw blades on shaft

As a drive, you can use a low-power walk-behind tractor, pulleys and bearings - used parts from a VAZ car. The bell of the loading hopper is a truncated pyramid, the outlet hole is small so that a person’s hand does not pass through. It is better to make the frame for the chopper higher in order to remove the crushed raw materials less often.

M20 pin saw set

Side view

Double roller shredder

This chopper chops branches into measured pieces from 2 to 8 cm long, convenient for heating a bathhouse or wood-burning heating boiler. Its design consists of two shafts with knives - 3-4 pieces per shaft, rigidly secured with bolts. Knives can be turned from KamAZ or MAZ springs. If you can find a bulldozer knife, that will also work. The shafts are fixed on massive sheets in parallel, at a distance sufficient for the knives to cut the branch without clinging to each other. Free rotation of the shafts is ensured by bearings, and their synchronization is achieved through a gear clutch moving by a belt (chain) from the engine. To drive this chopper, it is advisable to use a high-power engine, but at low speed.

If you want to create a mobile shredder, you need to provide mounts for wheels on the frame.

Frame element

Axle and shaft

Shaft assembly

Arrangement of shafts on the frame

Square billet shafts for 4 knives

The video shows a chopper with gears: the driven gears are from the MTZ shank, adjusted to the required size, the drive gear (the gear for transmitting torque to the shafts) was found using the selection method.

Making a garden shredder with your own hands

The most structurally simple and inexpensive shredder can be made from a disk with knives attached to it, an engine, a frame and a loading hopper. You can grind the disk and knives yourself, order them from a turner, or buy parts in a store. The cultivator engine is suitable as a drive, and it is easy to weld the frame and loading hopper yourself.

Depending on how many blades are used and how they are positioned, the fraction of the resulting mulch may vary. The drawing below shows the basic design of such a chopper: a disk with four knives is installed vertically. The design also works well if the disk is fixed at an angle to the horizontal, and there are only 1 or 2 knives.

Assembly drawing: 1 - knives 4 pcs.; 2 — disk cutter; 3 — bearings No. 307

Operating procedure:

  1. Buy, order or grind a disc with knives yourself. The sharpening angle of the knives is 35-45 degrees. The blade of the knives must have holes for bolts for fastening to the disk. It is important to position the knives correctly and secure them with bolts and stops.
  2. Weld the frame taking into account the fastenings for the drive and other elements.
  3. Place the disk on the drive shaft and secure it.
  4. Weld the supply hopper and, if necessary, the receiving hopper for the crushed mass.
  5. Assemble all elements on the frame.

If the frame is mounted on wheels, the structure becomes mobile.

Turning the disc

Set of knives with fasteners

In the video, the master gives advice on how to design a homemade disk shredder.



 
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