Low-power wall-mounted gas heating boiler. Gas boilers "endurance" (endurance) are a series of floor-standing double-circuit boilers of low power, high efficiency. Features of wall-mounted gas boilers
Design.
To make the boiler heat exchanger, manufacturers use two materials - cast iron and steel. Each material has its own advantages: cast iron has high corrosion resistance and strength, which means longevity, steel means less weight. With a heat exchanger made of steel, the design or recommendations for use play a decisive role.
Condensate has the greatest destructive effect on a steel boiler - unless the manufacturer uses special structural elements to reduce the formation of condensation (some manufacturers limit the minimum supply temperature to at least 60°C). Burners come in different designs according to their design. Now in the West they mainly produce burners with low emissions of harmful substances; most manufacturers adapt their burners for stable operation at low gas pressure in Russia.
The main advantage for low pressure gas is a design with the admixture of secondary air directly into the combustion chambers. This design eliminates by 90% possible burnout of distribution pipes and burner failure. Basic automation. In a modern heating installation manual mode- it is not modern, irrelevant, uneconomical.
During the service life of the boiler - and this is not one or two years - gas can be thrown into the pipe several tens of times more than the cost of the automation. In addition, today we need to think about the fact that gas will become more expensive every year. We need to convince people that by the time they feel the warming with their senses, a lot of cubic meters of gas will be burned. It is important to know that even a room thermostat that costs about 15 euros provides up to 40% fuel savings during the heating season, if the installation is used correctly.
These 15 euros will be “burnt” in a few months. Speaking about the cost of automation, we must admit that sometimes it is comparable to the cost of the boiler; there are cases when for a boiler that costs 800 euros, automation is purchased that costs about 800 euros - but this is only a matter of expediency. In any case, the consumer has the opportunity to choose automation, it all depends on his needs. If the client has an extensive heating system, then the cost of this automation will simply “dissolve” in the cost of all equipment. It’s probably worth talking about savings over many years rather than one-time costs.
Boiler power.
According to statistics from MGSU, which studied this issue, there is a minimum temperature in the region for no more than seven days during the heating season; the rest of the time the boiler is underloaded. Underloading leads to constant switching on and off of the boiler burner (clocking), and the more cycles the boiler has, the lower the efficiency and the greater the wear of the components.
You can combat this by increasing the number of boiler power levels. Most heating season the boiler can (and should) operate at 50% power, i.e. do not go out at the first stage. This simplifies the operation of the boiler, extends the service life of components, and slightly increases efficiency. That is why the ideal reserve of boiler power over heat loss is no more than 10-15%.
Another mistake is summing up the power for heating and hot water. Modern heating devices, using capacitive water heaters, operate on the principle of priority for DHW: when the boiler is cooled, the entire power of the boiler is switched to heating the boiler, heating stops, so there is no need to add up the power, but it is necessary to add the calculated average daily load for DHW consumption.
Life time.
European manufacturers prescribe a service life of, as a rule, 10 years - as required by Russian legislation. The final decision on how long the boiler can be operated must be made by the operating organization. The service life is determined by the time after which the product may not perform its declared consumer functions and its repair may be impractical.
In this case, it may turn out that it is wiser to buy a new boiler. The boiler may be replaced for other reasons, such as economics. Today, obsolescence comes to the fore; very often boilers are replaced precisely for this reason. Knowing 100% that the equipment will be replaced in 10 years, many manufacturers take the path of saving. This is already a global trend that you can’t argue with.
Condensing boiler technology.
The technology of condensing boilers in our country is just beginning to develop. So far they have not gained popularity due to the low cost of energy, as well as the higher cost of equipment, the low prevalence of low-temperature heating systems that allow for increased boiler efficiency, and the lack of standards for draining condensate from boilers, which is essentially acid, into the sewer network (more precisely, condensate must be neutralized with a special compound before being drained into the sewer).
Condensing boilers for Russia are the technology of the future. Perhaps in the next two or three years it will become more relevant. But it will become truly relevant only when the price of gas becomes equal to the current European price.
The BAXI GROUP company presents on the Russian market a series of floor-standing cast iron gas boilers SLIM with an atmospheric burner. These boilers are produced at the BAXI S.p.A. plant, which is part of the holding. SLIM is 10 models with an open combustion chamber with a power from 15 to 62 kW, and five models with closed camera combustion power 23 and 30 kW. There are both single-circuit and double-circuit boilers - with a built-in stainless steel boiler for hot water with a capacity of 50 and 60 liters.
SLIM boiler models marked “iN” do not have a built-in expansion tank and circulation pump, which provides greater flexibility when choosing equipment for a specific heating system. Floor standing boilers The SLIM series, like all BAXI boilers, operate stably at reduced gas pressure, producing 50% of the thermal power at 5 mbar.
SLIM series boilers have all the necessary controls, safety devices and are made in a modern design. The 62 kW SLIM boiler model comes complete with a gas pressure switch, the purpose of which is to put the boiler into standby mode and automatically turn it on when the gas supply is restored. In case of constant interruptions in gas supply, especially in winter period, this device is very useful and can be purchased for other models of SLIM series boilers. In addition, SLIM boilers have an improved design and a number of fundamental advantages:
- self-diagnosis provides amazing ease of maintenance, allows you to automatically detect up to 10 types of possible malfunctions in the operation of the heating system;
- continuous flame modulation guarantees smooth and durable operation of the boiler;
- compact size - the width of single-circuit models is only 35 cm;
- it is possible to connect an outdoor temperature sensor;
- the presence of two temperature control ranges (30-85°C and 30-45°C) allows the use of SLIM boilers when operating only in “warm floor” mode;
- sections of the cast iron heat exchanger are manufactured at the French plant of BAXI S.A. - the undisputed leader in France in terms of cast iron quality.
As an accessory, a room thermostat, mechanical or programmable, can be connected to the SLIM boiler, thus ensuring the creation of a comfortable microclimate in the room. And when purchasing a device for low temperature circuit, it is possible to ensure that the boiler operates simultaneously on the radiators of the heating system and on heated floors, for example, in the bathroom.
SLIM UB/UB Inox boilers with a capacity of 80 or 120 l with a tank made of enameled or stainless steel can be connected to SLIM single-circuit boilers. The temperature in the boiler is controlled either from the boiler panel or from the boiler panel. The boiler is made in the same design as the boiler, and when installed together, it forms an aesthetically complete heating unit.
SLIM double-circuit boilers have an antibacterial protection system - “anti-legionella”, which is activated once a week, heating the water in the boiler to a temperature above 60°C. This ensures environmental Safety hot water supply to the consumer. A big plus is the ability to combine SLIM boilers in a cascade to create a mini boiler room.
Using a cascade control unit (RVK 22.4), up to four boilers can be combined, thus providing almost 250 kW of power. The cascade control unit ensures uniform loading of the boilers and a stepwise increase in thermal power. Boilers in this version operate on an independent ring and the supply temperature is controlled by a sensor connected to RVK 22.4.
In the category of gas boilers with atmospheric burner up to 100 kW, DEDIETRICH offers a range of DTG boilers. One of the main advantages of DEDIETRICH boilers is a cast-iron sectional heat exchanger, manufactured in its own foundry on the border of France and Germany (Alsace) for more than 100 years.
DEDIETRICH eutectic cast iron is exceptionally resistant to corrosion, is 30% more ductile than standard gray and can withstand large temperature changes (up to 40°C). DTG series boilers are designed to operate on natural gas or propane (additional burner conversion kit). Atmospheric stainless steel burners provide low emissions of harmful substances.
The burners have special nozzles for stable operation at a gas pressure of 13 mbar. The DTG boiler line includes three series ELITEC DTG 130, DIETRIGAZ DTG S110K and DTG 220. Model DTG S110K from 13 to 48 kW - simple design, minimum electronics and, as a result, an attractive price. The boiler contains all the necessary safety elements.
To expand the capabilities of automation, there are various modules that allow you to control the operation of the boiler and regulate the room temperature. This year, to replace the DTG S110 K boilers, DEDIETRICH offers a new, more advanced model, DTGX. Boilers in this series retain all the advantages of the DTG S110K model and are distinguished not only by a new design, but also by the presence of a burner with electronic ignition, the ability to operate at a gas pressure of 10-13 mbar and various additional equipment.
The power range of boilers has also increased - from 23 to 54 kW. ELITEC DTG 130 is a new generation of high-performance cast iron boilers with a power from 18 to 48 kW. They answer perfectly existing requirements to save energy and protect the environment, combine modern design, ease of installation, start-up and operation.
The boiler heat exchanger has a special design, with an increased heat exchange surface, allowing better heat transfer and ensuring high efficiency. For boilers in this series, there are three types of control panels to choose from. The type of panel is specified when ordering and is built into the boiler body during installation. To satisfy any need for hot water, together with the boiler, a wide selection of DHW water heaters is offered.
There are monoblock models (boiler and water heater with a capacity of 110 or 130 liters under one casing) and water heaters installed under or near the boiler (with a capacity of 150 liters). The internal surface of the water heater is covered with vitreous enamel with a high quartz content, ensuring water storage in the best hygienic conditions.
Used for corrosion protection unique system with an active titanium anode, rather than the traditional magnesium anode. Voltage is supplied to the anode from the control panel. The titanium anode does not require any maintenance during its entire service life. DTG 220 boilers with power from 45 to 117 kW, in contrast to previous models, equipped with two-stage atmospheric burners with full pre-mixing.
Two control panels are presented. Panel K— simple automation with two thermostats for manually setting the temperature and controlling the operation of a two-stage burner, installation of expansion modules is provided; Dematic-m Delta panel is an electronic panel with a dialogue system for weather-dependent control of the operation of a two-stage burner.
Dematic-m Delta can control a cascade system (up to 10 boilers in a cascade), including the boiler circuit, DHW circuit, mixing circuits and pool circuit. The presented DEDIETRICH dialog modules communicate with the user not using codes, but using clearly written phrases. A wide range of functions of these control panels provides greater operational capabilities in heating and hot water systems. In addition, they are designed to work together with devices remote control by telephone and via the Internet.
JUNKERS offers two model series: Supraline and Suprastar. The Supraline power range is represented by six models from 28 to 56 kW. Boilers supplied to Russia are equipped with nozzles designed for a network pressure of 20 mbar; the packaging of each boiler includes a set of nozzles for operating the burner at a gas pressure of 13 mbar. In a number of regions of Russia, the gas pressure in the network is in the range from 17 to 24 mbar; in this case, reconfiguring the boiler is not required.
For normal operation at gas pressures from 10 to 17 mbar, it is necessary to use a set of 13 mbar nozzles. The burner of the Supraline boiler is well adapted to Russian conditions; its design does not allow the flame to “break through” when the pressure drops. The heat exchanger is made of high quality DE DIETRICH cast iron. The maximum heated area for the most powerful model of this series, K56-8 E, is about 550 m2, or, when included in a cascade, up to 1000 m2.
The most common and reliable control system for Supraline: module SVM1 - automation that provides priority control of the boiler in combination with the room temperature controller TRZ 12-2. From April 2006, new E8 controllers manufactured by the German company KROMMSCHROEDER will be supplied, replacing all previously used TA series weather controllers.
The Suprastar power range is represented by nine models from 45 to 117 kW. Like Supraline boilers, they are supplied in a 20 mbar configuration. 13 mbar conversion kits are available. The two-stage burner allows for stepwise power control and its design complies with European requirements for nitrogen oxide emissions. However, the use of this burner is recommended only in places with relatively stable gas pressure.
In case of strong seasonal fluctuations in gas pressure in the network, it is recommended to install Supraline. As a rule, Suprastar are boilers for houses with several independent heating circuits, heated floors, and a swimming pool. The programmable TAC-M panel allows you to simultaneously control the boiler heating and the main heating circuit. The use of one or two MMX expansion boards makes it possible to control one or two mixer circuits, respectively.
The panel is equipped with a special software control for heating the pool. To expand the capabilities of TAS-M, there is a TAS Plus2 module, which allows you to additionally control two more circuits with mixers. To create cascades of Suprastar boilers, models of “slave” FM boilers of different capacities are offered. The connection is made using a BUS connecting cable.
PROTHERM
PROTHERM series of floor-standing boilers is represented by five models: “Bear”, “Grizzly”, “Bison”, “Lion” and the Protherm TLO boiler, independent of electricity. PROTHERM floor-standing boilers are extremely simple functionally, and therefore extremely reliable. They are durable and resistant to both temperature changes and loads, as well as to the human factor - violation of operating rules and negligence in handling.
Cast iron boilers of the “Bear” series include 13 models, varying in power and functional equipment. The power range of “Bear” series boilers is 20-60 kW. The heat exchanger is made of high-quality gray cast iron and has a high heat transfer coefficient. HONEYWELL gas fittings, designed specifically for this series of boilers, and stainless steel burners provide a stable combustion mode with possible gas pressure drops in the network and a high degree of environmental friendliness, both for the environment and for maintaining a comfortable indoor microclimate.
The power control of the “Bear” boiler is two-stage. At the lower power stage (No. II), the boiler operates stably at a natural gas pressure of 0.8 mbar and above. The maximum working pressure of the heating agent is 4 bar. The maximum temperature of the heating agent is 90°C. It is possible to connect a boiler for heating DHW with a volume of up to 200 liters. In this case, DHW heating will have priority over the heating function.
At their rated power, Medved boilers provide hot water flow from 16 to 20 l/min. The “Bear” series is equipped with all the automatic safety equipment necessary for this class of boilers. A step-by-step power control mode, an equithermal control system, protection against condensation, a control system for flue gas removal—everything that distinguishes a high-class boiler is available, but at a reasonable price.
Model “Bear” (20-40) KLZ is a boiler with a built-in 90-liter tank for heating hot water with a magnesium anode. Smooth power control, built-in pumps for the DHW and DHW circuits, two expansion tanks and electronic control with a self-diagnosis function. Boiler of the highest class and degree of reliability for cottages and apartment buildings. The Grizzly boiler continues the Bear series, but is superior to its counterpart in power.
There are five models available from 65 to 150 kW rated heating output. Depending on the regulators used in the control system, Grizzly can operate in a cascade of up to 16 boilers simultaneously. For floor-standing boilers, PROTHERM uses equithermal regulators with the ability to work together in a cascade from SIEMENS - Albatros RVA 43.222, RVA 63.242 and RVA 63.280.
These regulators allow you to plan the weekly operating cycle of the boiler installation with the creation of time ranges and comfortable temperature conditions for each range separately. "Bear", the most famous PROTHERM floor-standing boiler, became the basis for the creation of a non-electric TLO boiler with a nominal heating output of 20 to 50 kW.
The TLO boiler is ignited using a special thermoelement, which generates the electrical voltage necessary for operation and control. The gas fittings for this model were developed by SIT NOVA, the burner by POLIDORO. The technical equipment and functionality of the TLO models otherwise coincides with the parameters of the boilers of the “Bear” KLO (PLO) series.
In 2005, the TLO boiler acquired a new design. This is due to its unification on a par with the KLO and PLO models. This eliminates possible problems with the supply of spare parts separately for a particular model. Another floor-standing unit from PROTHERM is “Lev” with smooth power control in the range from 6 to 26 kW. This is a series of condensing boilers with a built-in boiler for heating hot water.
The peculiarity of the boiler is its high degree of efficiency, achieved through the maximum possible use of the heat of the flue gases and the water vapor contained in them. The maximum flue gas outlet temperature is 87°C. The boiler is equipped with all functions for maintaining a comfortable mode, the necessary protections and a continuous self-diagnosis system. The Lev boiler has a digital display.
VIESSMANN
In the sector of floor-standing gas boilers up to 100 kW, VIESSMANN offers a wide range of heating equipment, which is traditionally distinguished highest quality, efficiency and environmental friendliness. In the sector of the updated line of boilers we can name Vitola, Vitogas, Vitoplex. The new boilers are distinguished by a more sophisticated modular layout strategy, in particular with regard to control units.
Thanks to the modular approach, the company managed, firstly, to significantly reduce the cost of equipment, and secondly, to make the work of its partners easier. VIESSMANN pays great attention to the development and support of a large network of regional service centers, and a unified approach to new control systems simplifies equipment repair - a service company now only needs to have a small set of electronic boards.
The body of the boiler has remained practically the same, the water content and weight have changed slightly - the boiler has become lighter, more convenient to transport and the load on the ceilings of roof boiler rooms has been reduced. For the new modification of Vitorond boilers, a new controller has appeared, the design of the generator itself has changed slightly, and thanks to the principle of unification, the cost of this boiler has decreased.
The line of household floor-standing boilers of the Vitogas series has become more compact, and the power range has expanded slightly - from 29 to 60 kW (previously from 35 kW). And, of course, new controllers have appeared - the Vitotronic 100/200 series type KC-3, KC-4, KW-4, KW-5. The design has changed slightly: the front wall has a more strict casing design (there is no decor on the boiler casing).
New boilers of the Vitogas series can be distinguished from the old series by markings: previously the modification was called Vitogas 050GS0, now the letter “A” has appeared. The burner in the floor-standing boilers of the Vitogas series is atmospheric, partially pre-mixed, now special rods are installed in the upper part - the Renox system, thanks to which emissions of harmful substances have become even lower than before.
The Renox system was patented by VIESSMANN back in 1986. The new Vitola series boilers also changed their design, this primarily concerns the burner device, the burner casing; new controllers KC-4, KW-4, KW-5 appeared, more universal and compact. All VIESSMANN heat generators have become lighter and the water content has changed.
VIESSMANN boilers are designed with a significant margin. As for the modification of the Vitoplex 100 PV1 series boiler, the company’s approach has changed dramatically. Previously, the company offered a line of Vitoplex boilers in two versions: there were boilers that belonged to the group 100 SX/PX and 300TX (300 is “high-tech”, the most protected from operating errors, 100 SX/PX is the most affordable model, with a fairly wide power range - from 80 to 1750 kW); but there was no middle option. Now the company produces Vitoplex series boilers in three variations: models 100 PV1, 200 SX2 and 300 TX - any customer request can be satisfied.
The Vitoplex 100 PV1 is available from 110 to 620 kW. The Vitoplex 200 SX2 is available from 90 to 560 kW. This is a classic three-pass boiler with a high average annual efficiency of up to 94%, and this allows you to save up to 25% of fuel (compared to boilers of outdated designs)!
The model has low emissions of harmful substances due to the reduced thermal intensity of the boiler furnace, and this is a big advantage when installing equipment within the city. This boiler also does not require a boiler circuit pump and does not require a mixing pump, because The boiler has no restrictions on the return temperature.
This was made possible thanks to the special design and the special Therm-Control starting circuit, patented by VIESSMANN in 1991 (formerly TRA/TSA circuit). ThermControl is a platinum resistance thermometer built into the body of the boiler block to record the temperature of the hot boiler water mixture and cold water return line.
The decisive advantage is that the temperature of the cold return flow water is recorded inside the heat generator, and not just in the supply pipe, as in standard boilers, where condensation may occur during unsteady operation due to cooling of the convective heating surfaces. Accordingly, using this boiler model, the customer saves money on equipment such as pumps, electricity and maintenance.
This model also allows operation in both constant and variable flow temperature modes. VIESSMANN offers new lines of boilers of the 100 series and 200 series, the previous 100 line has been discontinued. New models in the Vitoplex 100 series - compact solution, two-pass, because both cottages and industrial enterprises are different - one needs a constant temperature, the other needs it to change in the system depending on the outside temperature.
In fact, the control possibilities are almost limitless - VIESSMANN controllers installed in a boiler room can control a maximum of 98 heating circuits with mixers and manage up to 33 DHW systems. In addition, the adaptation concerns the DHW system. Burner devices in VIESSMANN boilers may turn off during the summer/transition period before the temperature in the cylinder water heater reaches the required value, and “reheating” to the required value is carried out due to the thermal inertia of the boiler itself!
Of course, the purpose of all these features is to save fuel! And it's not full list unique opportunities. VIESSMANN offers the Vitodata remote monitoring and control system for control via the Internet. To connect to this service, you only need to buy equipment, and the company provides access to the Vitodata system free of charge.
The Vitoplex 100 series model assumes operation at a constant temperature and is equipped with a modern controller, which is also assembled according to modular principle, the model is quite attractive in price and very compact. Available in power ratings from 110 to 620 kW. VIESSMANN boilers can be combined in a cascade of up to four boilers, even with 11 kW boilers you can “do this trick.”
The warranty period is 20 years, the standard warranty is two years. When presenting the VIESSMANN supply program in this range, we cannot fail to talk about the Vitodens 333 floor-standing condensing boiler. The compact Vitodens 333 boiler combines the advantages of the Vitodens 300 condensing boiler and a high-quality 86-liter drinking water storage tank.
Its dimensions correspond to standard kitchen dimensions and allow the boiler to be integrated into the living area. With a height of no more than 140 cm, the Vitodens 333 is ideal for installation in roof slopes or recesses. The MatriX-compact IR burner guarantees environmentally safe operation with a minimum amount of harmful emissions.
In combination with a high-quality steel heat exchanger and a drinking water storage tank, the boiler guarantees the preparation of hot water at a predetermined, uniform temperature, even for large quantities of water. Automatic loading control ensures that condensation heat is recovered during the entire loading process. All electrical connections are easily accessible and the hydraulic components are pre-assembled into a single unit.
This means that the Vitodens 333 can be installed in the shortest possible time. The new Vitotronic controller has been moved to the top of the module, which not only makes operation easier, but also means certain advantages for service and maintenance.
VAILLANT
Floor-standing boilers from VAILLANT with a power from 16 to 157 kW belong to the domestic sector. The company has two lines of floor-standing gas boilers: atmoVIT - from 16 to 56 kW in two versions: single-stage atmoVIT and two-stage atmoVIT exclusive; and two-stage atmoCRAFT - from 65 to 157 kW. All of them are certified and designed to work in networks with gas pressure from 13 to 25 mbar.
Boiler heat exchangers are made of gray cast iron. Heat exchangers for atmoCRAFT series boilers can be ordered either assembled or as a set of separate sections for assembling the boiler directly in the boiler room. Burners with ceramic rods, which are necessary to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides. Exist different methods control the operation of boilers at several stages (powers).
VAILLANT uses stage control using a throttle and changing the excess air ratio. In the same burner, with the same number of pipes, it burns different quantities gas controlled by combustion air flow. The VAILLANT design has shown its effectiveness. All models of VAILLANT floor-standing boilers are already equipped as standard with a microprocessor control unit with an LCD display and preparation for controlling DHW heating, which allows significant savings when installing various additional devices.
For several years now VAILLANT, like other leading European manufacturers, implements the principles of modularity and expandability of its equipment. With the introduction of the latest group of atmoCRAFT floor-standing boilers, the company has unified automation and unified control accessories. Additional automation for controlling the heating system and VAILLANT boilers is represented by a wide range model range- from simple room thermostats (for example, VRT 40 costing 30 euros) to cascade weather-controlled ones.
VAILLANT's most advanced control system is weather-dependent automation, which automatically monitors weather changes and adjusts the operation of the heating system accordingly. For this purpose, you can use two VAILLANT regulators built into boilers - VRC 410 and VRC 420 S, or you can take these same regulators into the room, then it will be possible to combine weather-dependent and room control.
The most complex controller is the universal cascade VRC 630. This is an advanced device with the ability to expand with additional modules. The retail price of the basic configuration is 880 euros. The service life of the boilers is 10 years. The warranty period is two years from the date of commissioning, but not more than two and a half years from the date of retail sale.
Manufacturer : Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG,
Viessmannstraße 1 - 35108 Allendorf (Eder), Germany
Wall
gas heating boiler
VITOPEND 100- W
Type:W.H.1 D
· Low-temperature single-circuit/double-circuit gas heating boiler.
· Installation location: wall mounted.
· Modulated automatic atmospheric burner.
· Open and closed combustion chamber.
· Programmable heat generation with constant and weather-dependent coolant temperature.
· Full automation of all processes.
· Application: heating and hot water supply.
· Type of combustion and gas removal: natural (atmospheric) and forced (turbo).
· Rated thermal power: from 10.5 to 31 kW.
Modification of wall-mounted gas water heating boilers VITOPEND 100-W, type WH1D
Table No. 1.
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Wall-mounted gas water heating single-circuit boiler Viessmann VITOPEND 100-W, type WH1D |
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Thermal power, kW |
24 .8 |
24 |
24 .8 |
24 |
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|
Boiler type |
single-circuit |
double-circuit |
||||
|
The combustion chamber |
closed |
open |
closed |
open |
closed |
open |
|
WH1D274 |
WH1D277 |
WH1D262 |
WH1D2 68 |
WH1D2 63 |
WH1D2 69 |
|
|
WH1D275 |
WH1D278 |
WH1D2 64 |
WH1D2 70 |
WH1D2 65 |
WH1D27 1 |
|
|
WH1D276 |
WH1D279 |
WH1D2 66 |
WH1D27 2 |
WH1D27 3 |
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Purpose and scope
Low-power low-temperature water heating boilers Viessmann Vitopend 100-W WH1D with an atmospheric modulated burner are designed and recommended by the manufacturer to provide individual heating and hot water preparation. Scope of application of single/double-circuit wall-mounted gas boilers Viessmann Vitopend 100-W - the main source of the system autonomous heating private residential buildings and other premises, small in area and construction volume.
According to its intended purpose, the Vitopend 100-W single/double-circuit water heating boiler can be installed and operated only in closed heating systems with forced circulation of coolant and taking into account the relevant instructions for installation, maintenance and operation in accordance with Russian standards and the European standard EN 12828:2014 “Systems heating in buildings. Design of water heating systems."
Vitopend 100-W boilers with an open combustion chamber use natural draft to remove combustion products. The coaxial combustion product removal system LAS for Vitopend 100-W boilers with a closed combustion chamber ensures forced removal of combustion products. The rated thermal power of the boiler, depending on the model and operating mode, ranges from 10.5 to 31 kW.
The Vitopend 100-W boiler is intended for use in any climatic conditions and is intended exclusively for heating coolant that has the properties of drinking water. The main condition for intended use is stationary wall installation. For ease of installation, a specially designed template is provided with the designation of the main fastening points.
It is possible to combine the Viessmann Vitopend 100-W hot water boiler with additional units that are approved for operation with this boiler system. For example, a single-circuit gas heating boiler Vitopend 100-W, when equipped with a Vitocell 100-V water heater, is used for hot water supply, both for household and drinking purposes.
In some cases, applications beyond the established scope may require the approval of the manufacturer. Non-intended use is considered to be industrial or industrial use, or for purposes other than space heating or hot water preparation.
Incorrect operation (handling) of the Vitopend 100-W gas water heating boiler is prohibited and releases the manufacturer from liability for failure of the boiler installation. Changing the elements of the heating system in relation to their intended functionality is also considered improper handling of the hot water boiler.
The low-temperature wall-mounted gas water heating boiler Vitopend 100-W, type WH1D is easy to transport, has low weight and overall dimensions, which makes it possible to place it even in small areas, for example in wall niches.
Specifications
Table No. 2.
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Single-circuit and double-circuit boiler VIESSMANN VITOPEND 100-W WH1D |
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|
The combustion chamber |
open |
closed |
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|
Technical Parameter |
Meaning |
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Boiler identification number |
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Range of rated heat output for space heating/hot water production |
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Efficiency at full load (100%) |
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|
Efficiency at part load (30%) |
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|
Nominal gas supply pressure |
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|
Natural gas with pressure sensor |
|||||
|
Liquefied gas |
|||||
|
Maximum permissible gas supply pressure |
|||||
|
Natural gas |
|||||
|
Liquefied gas |
|||||
|
Maximum electrical power consumption* |
|||||
|
Operating voltage |
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|
Electrical protection class |
|||||
|
Maximum boiler water temperature |
|||||
|
Permissible operating pressure |
|||||
|
Diaphragm expansion tank |
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|
Inlet pressure |
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|
Vitopend boiler volume |
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|
DHW indicators** |
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|
Max. operating pressure |
|||||
|
Long-lasting hot water performance |
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|
Water consumption (T = 30 K) |
|||||
|
DHW temperature adjustment range |
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|
Flow parameters at maximum load |
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|
Natural gas |
|||||
|
Liquefied gas |
|||||
|
Energy efficiency and environmental friendliness |
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|
Energy efficiency according to 92/42 EWG |
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|
NO x emissions |
__ mg _ |
||||
|
CO emissions at full load |
|||||
|
Flue gas characteristics at air temperature 20 °C (natural gas/liquefied gas) |
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|
Flue gas temperature at maximum power |
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|
Flue gas temperature at minimum power value |
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|
Exhaust gas flow at maximum power |
|||||
|
Exhaust gas consumption at minimum power value |
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Flue gas pressure: - maximum permissible pressure |
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Required pressure |
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Residual pressure of flue gas fan |
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Combustion product removal system LAS |
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Chimney diameter |
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Coaxial chimney |
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Parallel chimney |
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Note. *Maximum electrical power consumption including circulation pump. ** DHW indicators are only for a gas combined (double-circuit) hot water boiler. |
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Device and description of the product
Gas low-temperature water heating boiler of flow type with low thermal power Viessmann Vitopend 100-W, type WH1D is one of the most popular high-performance, economical wall-mounted boilers, and for the potential owner it is especially important: with an optimal balance between price and quality - cost and performance. The rated thermal power developed by Vitopend 100-W gas boilers, type WH1D, provides the most comfortable and economical heating residential buildings of various sizes and construction volumes. The thermal power of boilers with a closed combustion chamber for space heating and hot water preparation is 24.8/31 kW and 24/30 kW with an open combustion chamber.
Wall-mounted water heating boilers Viessmann Vitopend 100 W are divided into two types: single-circuit and double-circuit. The heat exchange process in both types of boilers is basically the same and is as follows: fuel combustion products heat water (coolant) passed through a primary lamella-type heat exchanger. The main difference between the two types of Vitopend 100-W WH1D boilers is that in a double-circuit boiler, in addition to the primary heat exchanger, elements of a water heating device for DHW - a hot water supply system - are installed. That is why important element The Vitopend 100-W WH1D double-circuit boiler is a plate-type flow-through heat exchanger, small in volume, in which cold water from the cold water supply system is heated by the hot coolant circulating in the system. The hot water preparation heat exchanger is installed on the chassis of the AQUA-BLOC hydraulic unit.
The direction of coolant flow is determined by another important element of the Vitopend 100-W WH1D boiler - three-way valve. In its state, two positions are possible: in one of them, the hot coolant is supplied to the central heating system, in the other, the coolant goes to the heat exchanger, heating water for hot water supply. In this case, the priority is considered to be the DHW mode, to which the valve switches when any hot water flow tap is opened. Controls the operation of a three-way flow relay valve (sensor) installed in the boiler. Convenient regulators allow you to quickly set the temperature of the heating line and DHW.
The gas hot water boiler Vitopend 100-W, type WH1D, provides high comfort of hot water supply with a continuous output of 14.3 l/min (at a power of 30/31 kW). Maintaining a constant temperature of hot water is carried out thanks to electronic regulation and the presence of a temperature sensor on the output line. The DHW temperature adjustment range is 30 – 57°C.
The single-circuit boiler Vitopend 100-W WH1D is naturally not equipped with a heat exchanger for preparing hot water for the DHW system, however, it is possible to equip a boiler of this type with an autonomous storage tank water heater from Viessmann, for example Vitocell 100. In this case, the degree of water heating is measured by a temperature sensor of the storage tank water heater, which is connected to the electric boiler diagram (Fig. 16).
The temperature in the supply line or hot water can be monitored using the digital display on the display. Vitopend 100 boilers are equipped with a diagnostic system that displays the operating and service status of the device, as well as emergency modes. A pressure gauge installed on the boiler control panel measures the pressure in the boiler installation.
The Viessmann Vitopend 100-W boiler, type WH1D, has a long service life and is reliable in operation even with significant fluctuations in gas supply pressure and electrical voltage. Thanks to its small overall and installation dimensions, the boiler is suitable for installation even on the walls of small kitchens or in wall niches of utility rooms.
The main advantages of the atmospheric gas low-temperature water heating boiler Vitopend 100-W, type WH1D, wall-mounted:
· gas water heating single/double-circuit boiler with a thermal power range from 10.5 to 31 kW;
· modulated atmospheric burner for operation on natural and liquefied gas;
· efficiency: 83% (Hs) / 92% (Hi);
· Boiler productivity in DHW mode is 14.3 l/min;
· maintaining a constant temperature of hot water thanks to an electronic temperature controller;
· open and closed combustion chamber;
· compliance with high environmental requirements;
· classification of a boiler with a closed combustion chamber for energy efficiency according to 92/42 EWG “Three stars”;
· availability of a diagnostic system for boiler operating modes, with information about emergency mode;
· presence of a frost protection system;
· compact size and silent operation;
· low energy consumption of the boiler due to the use of weather-dependent automation;
· high ignition reliability;
· built-in gas pressure control relay for automatic switching on after a gas supply failure;
· silent start of the boiler thanks to the periodic ignition system;
· the low weight of the boiler facilitates transportation;
· compact design makes it easy to install the boiler unit;
· supplied ready-to-use;
· high operational reliability and long service life;
· Possibility of combination with capacitive storage devices.
By design, the Viessmann Vitopend 100-W gas boiler is a rectangular body, inside of which a heat exchanger, a gas burner, an AQUA-BLOC hydraulic unit with a circulation pump, a membrane expansion tank and other elements necessary for the operation of the boiler are installed (Fig. 1). Highly effective thermal insulation of the combustion chamber protects against heat outer surface boiler installation.
The Viessmann Vitopend 100-W single/double-circuit gas boiler with low thermal power uses a modulated atmospheric burner. With smooth modulation control, the burner changes its power within a given range, maintaining the controlled parameter - the temperature of the supply line at a given level. Therefore, a necessary element of the control system is a temperature sensor and an electronic controller. Modulating atmospheric burner gas boiler The Viessmann Vitopend 100-W is pre-configured for operation with natural gas type “E”. A set of replacement jets, which is not included in the delivery package, allows you to convert the boiler burner to operate on liquefied gas. The built-in gas pressure control relay automatically starts the boiler after a gas supply failure.
Removal of combustion products from Viessmann Vitopend 100-W gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber is carried out using a separately located fan. The fan parameters are calculated depending on the maximum burner power and the aerodynamic resistance of the gas-air path of the heat generator. The air supply is regulated by changing the position of the air damper when the burner power changes.
Boiler water is heated in a primary flow-through lamella-type heat exchanger (Fig. 2). At the same time, in boilers of different thermal power, the number of lamellas also varies. So, for example, in boilers with a power of 30/31 kW the number of lamellas is 98, and in boilers with a power of 24/24.8 kW - 82 lamellas. The total volume of the primary heat exchanger is 1.2 liters of boiler water (Table 2)
Since the heating installation is a wall-mounted single-circuit gas boiler Viessmann Vitopend 100-W, Type WH1D is delivered in a state of operational readiness, but at the factory the boiler automation is pre-configured for operation in standard mode. In this case, the boiler water temperature setting of the Viessmann Vitopend 100-W low thermal power heat generator does not exceed 76 °C. The initial factory setting can be changed at the user's discretion in order to create more comfortable living conditions. By resetting the thermostat regulator it is possible to increase the boiler water temperature and thus the flow temperature. However, the manufacturer recommends that in order to minimize distribution losses, the hot water preparation system and heat distribution device should be set to a supply temperature of no higher than 70 °C. During operation of the gas boiler, the boiler water temperature is constantly displayed on the display located on the control panel.
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Rice. 3. Controls and displays |
Fig.4. |
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Display indication 1 – pressure gauge; 2 – display; 3 – “Hot water temperature” regulator; 4 – regulator “Coolant temperature”; |
5 – on/off button with RESET function. A – heating; B – hot water preparation; C – digital display or fault code; D – temperature, °C; E – service setting is active (for specialists only); F – current burner power; G – burner is working; |
H – malfunction. In the Viessmann Vitopend 100-W boiler,
type WH1D has built-in automation that allows you to control the boiler in operating mode with a constant supply temperature. Operating modes are carried out using a built-in controller and are set by controls on the boiler panel (Fig. 3). All functions of the boiler installation can be set with just two control knobs: hot water temperature control and coolant temperature control. At the same time, easy-to-use regulators allow you to quickly set the supply temperature of the heating line and hot water supply. When the Viessmann Vitopend 100-W boiler is operating, type WH1D without the use of a remote control regulating device (thermostat), the desired room temperature is set using the “Coolant temperature” regulator knob. To maintain the desired temperature in the premises of the house, connect the Vitopend 100-W boiler to
type WH1D you can connect four types of remote control room thermostats (regulating devices):
– Vitotrol 100, type UTA programmable room thermostat;
– Vitotrol 100, type UTDB digital thermostat with large LCD display;
– Vitotrol 100, type UTDB-RF room thermostat with integrated receiver and separate radio transmitter.
It should be noted that Viessmann Vitopend 100-W boilers are equipped with a built-in frost protection function and a diagnostic system, which, using a digital display on the display, informs about the operating and service mode of the boiler, as well as the occurrence of an emergency mode (Table 3).
Table No. 3.
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Fault indication on display |
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malfunctions |
Installation Behavior |
Cause malfunctions |
Accepted measures |
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A0 |
Burner blocked |
Gas pressure too low |
Check gas pressure and gas pressure control switch |
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E0 |
Burner blocked |
The traction control device has activated |
Check the flue. Note. If the draft stall control device operates 10 times within 24 hours, the burner goes into fault mode (fault indication "F6"). |
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F2 |
Burner fault |
Temperature limiter tripped |
Check the filling level of the heating system. Check the circulation pump. Remove air from the installation. Check temperature limiter and connecting cables.To unlock, turn the knob |
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“Coolant temperature” almost all the way to the right and then back (reset). |
Burner fault |
F3 |
The flame signal is already present when the burner is started |
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Check the ionization electrode and connecting cables. |
Burner fault |
F4 |
No flame signal Check ignition electrodes/ionization electrode and connecting cables, check gas pressure, check gas control valves, ignition, ignition transformer. |
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Turn the mains switch off and on again or perform a reset, see F2. |
Burner fault |
F6 |
The traction control device has activated Check ignition electrodes/ionization electrode and connecting cables, check gas pressure, check gas control valves, ignition, ignition transformer. |
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Check the traction rollover sensor. |
Burner blocked |
F30 |
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Short circuit of boiler temperature sensor |
Burner blocked |
F38 |
Broken boiler temperature sensor |
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Check the boiler water temperature sensor. |
F50 |
Short circuit of the cylinder temperature sensor (gas single-circuit boiler) |
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Check sensor |
F51 |
No hot water preparation |
Short circuit of hot water outlet temperature sensor (gas combi boiler) |
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Check the sensor. |
F51 |
F58 |
Short circuit of hot water outlet temperature sensor (gas combi boiler) |
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Break in the cylinder temperature sensor (gas single-circuit boiler) |
F59 |
No hot water preparation |
Short circuit of hot water outlet temperature sensor (gas combi boiler) |
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Break in hot water outlet temperature sensor (gas combi boiler) |
b0 |
Short circuit of the traction control sensor |
Short circuit of hot water outlet temperature sensor (gas combi boiler) |
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b8 |
b0 |
Broken traction control sensor |
Short circuit of hot water outlet temperature sensor (gas combi boiler) |
The AQUA-BLOC hydraulic unit with a circulation pump (Fig. 5) is installed in the lower part of the boiler on an easily removable chassis and is equipped with quick coupling MULTI-STECKSYSTEM. This makes it quite easy to produce service maintenance, since all the most important components of the unit are easily accessible from the front of the boiler and can be quickly replaced if necessary. Technical characteristics of the circulation pump are given in table No. 4.
Table No. 4.
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Parameter |
Unit change |
Pump type |
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UP 15-60 |
UP 15-50 |
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Nominal thermal power of the boiler |
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Hydraulic characteristics (Fig. 6) |
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Voltage |
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Circulation pump power |
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Installation input parameters: · Water temperature:< 85 °C. · Minimum pressure: 0.8 bar. |
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Circulation pumps UP 15-50 and UP 15-60 are small in size and light in weight, operate almost silently and at the same time consume a minimum amount of electricity. The pump housing is made of cast iron, the motor housing is made of extruded aluminum. The circulation pump motor shaft is made of hardened stainless steel and is mounted on bearings, which are lubricated by the pumped liquid. The impeller of the circulation pump is made of durable technopolymer.
An important element of the combined (double-circuit) boiler Viessmann Vitopend 100-W WH1D is a small-volume plate-type heat exchanger, in which cold water from the cold water supply system is heated by the hot coolant circulating in the system. Moreover, the number of plates varies between boilers of different productivity and heat exchanger volume. So in boilers with a thermal power of 30/31 kW the number of plates is 14, and in boilers with a thermal power of 24/24.8 kW there are 12 plates.
The expansion of water (coolant) is designed to compensate for the membrane expansion tank, the total volume of which for boilers with a power of 24/24.8 kW is 6 liters, and for boilers with a power of 30/31 kW - 10 liters (Table 2).
Nomenclature and overall dimensions
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Boiler capacity 24/24.8 kW |
Boiler capacity 30/31 kW |
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Fig. 10. Overall and installation dimensions of the Viessmann gas boiler Vitopend 100-W, type WH1D |
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A – place for electrical cables. B – required height taking into account the stand-alone cylinder water heater. C – width (depth) of the boiler. D – reinforcement cover. |
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Table No. 4. |
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Overall dimensions of the wall-mounted gas boiler Viessmann Vitopend 100-W, type WH1D |
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Parameter |
Boiler thermal power |
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Height with reinforcement cover |
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Height including stand-alone DHW cylinder |
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Weight of single/double-circuit boiler |
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Connecting pipes of the hot water boiler: |
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Supply line |
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Return line |
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Gas connection |
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Installation instructions
Wall-mounted gas boilers Vitopend 100-W were specially designed to allow quick installation and reduce maintenance time. The installation of the wall-mounted water heating boiler Viessmann Vitopend 100-W, type WH1D should be entrusted to a specialized service organization. In this case, work on gas equipment may only be carried out by installation specialists who have permission to do so from the responsible gas supply company.
The room for installing the Viessmann Vitopend 100-W floor-standing single-circuit gas boiler must have normal humidity and meet the requirements of the relevant building regulations and standards, in particular SNiP 41-01-2003 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”. Failure to comply with these requirements may result in malfunctions and damage to the boiler system.
To ensure proper boiler operation, frost protection and proper ventilation must be provided. So, for example, for the boiler burner to operate, the required volume of air must be taken from the room, which requires the installation of a special air duct extending beyond the outer wall into the atmosphere. To prevent drafts in the burner area, the air supply duct should not end directly behind the boiler. With a rated thermal power of a gas boiler up to 35 kW, the cross-section of the air duct must be at least 150 cm².
The air in the room for installing the Viessmann Vitopend 100-W floor-standing single-circuit gas boiler is not allowed to be polluted with halogen-containing hydrocarbons, which, for example, are found in aerosols, paints, solvents and detergents. In the event of air pollution due to halogenated hydrocarbons, the hot water boiler may only be installed if sufficient measures have been taken to supply uncontaminated combustion air. In addition, heavy dust and high air humidity are not allowed in the room.
To avoid damage and deformation of the connecting pipes of the Vitopend 100-W boiler, the use of improper installation tools and excessive force (load) is strictly prohibited. Pipelines connected to the heating boiler during installation and after installation during operation should not experience residual mechanical stresses and loads (bending, misalignment, compression, torsion, stretching, vibration, distortions, uneven tightening of fasteners).
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Fig. 11. Mounting kit, straight |
Fig. 12. Installation kit under the boiler |
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1 – Mounting bar. 2 – Mounting connection kit, straight. 3 – Reinforcement cover. |
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To connect the boiler to the gas pipeline and for open installation of the hot water supply and heating system, a connection kit with straight pipes is included (Fig. 11). For visual completeness of the boiler connection, a protective decorative fitting cover is supplied.
To connect a heated floor system to the Vitopend 100-W boiler, a kit with a thermostatic mixer is offered, which limits the maximum supply temperature to the heated floor system and guarantees operation of the boiler without condensation (Fig. 12). The set comes with a decorative cover.
Several options are available for connecting a Viessmann DHW cylinder with a capacity of 120 or 150 liters to the boiler. This can be a set of connections for installing a water heater under the boiler, as well as a set of connections for installing a water heater installed next to the boiler.
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Preliminary marking using an installation template. |
Boiler installation. |
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Connecting electrical connections. |
Commissioning. |
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Fig. 14. Installation and commissioning of the boiler |
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Electrical connection diagram for the gas boiler Viessmann Vitopend 100-W, type WH1D |
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CN 8– stepper motor of the switching valve; T8– high voltage transformer and line and ionization line; 3 – boiler water temperature sensor; 4 – outlet temperature sensor (combi boiler only); 5 – cylinder temperature sensor (single-circuit boiler only); |
20 – internal circulation pump; 35 – electromagnetic gas shut-off valve; 47 – temperature limiter; 149 – DHW relay (sensor); 100/159 – blocking of exhaust devices using an external expansion module H3; 162 – traction rollover control sensor; 190 – modulating coil. |
Since the Viessmann Vitopend 100-W WH1D gas boiler is supplied ready for immediate operation, the main electrical installation connections are made inside the boiler at the factory. The connection of auxiliary equipment, such as the Vitotrol 100 room thermostat or the Vitocell 100-W DHW cylinder, is carried out to the boiler controller connectors; therefore, this work, as well as the connection to the network, should be entrusted to a specialized service organization. For example, the connection of the “L” and “N” wires of the mains cable must be observed, as incorrect connections can result in serious injury and damage to the appliance. In addition, direct contact of connecting cables with hot parts is not allowed, as this leads to damage to the cables.
Cable NYM-J 3×1.5 mm 2, recommended by the manufacturer for powering the equipment of the Vitopend 100-W WH1D boiler from electrical network, has the appropriate number of cores for external connections. The power supply network must have a neutral wire, and the power supply cable must have a disconnector that simultaneously disconnects all ungrounded wires from the network with a contact opening of at least 3 mm.
When installing the unit in wet rooms, it is prohibited to connect auxiliary additional equipment to the boiler on the controller in an area of high humidity. When installing a hot water boiler outside wet rooms, connecting additional accessories to the network can be done directly on the controller. This connection is controlled directly by the controller's mains switch.
The manufacturer recommends installing a gas boiler in the area where the chimney passes through the building structure. The flue gas pipe must be connected to the chimney using the shortest route via a chimney. In this case, sharp bends in the gas exhaust pipes should be avoided. When installing a chimney, it is necessary to check that the cross-section of the chimney and flue pipes corresponds to the cross-section of the boiler pipe. A distance of at least 100 mm must be provided from the chimney to flammable structural elements. If necessary, the chimney pipe should be thermally insulated.
The well-deserved trust of customers in the Viessmann company and, accordingly, the high demand for its products that comply with European UNI-EN standards were also noted by manufacturers of counterfeit goods. Cheap counterfeits of Viessmann products, which are distinguished by their low price and equally low quality, have penetrated the Russian market.
The use of such “branded” products is fraught with the occurrence of emergency force majeure circumstances associated with the use of gas equipment. The money spent to eliminate these circumstances cannot be compared with the cost of true Viessmann branded products.
If you want to avoid such surprises, purchase original Viessmann products only from authorized distributors.
Group of companies "RANDSTROY"
is the official distributor of VIESSMANN products
in Russia and CIS countries
Gas boiler for heating a private house– this is not only a necessity, but one of the main elements comfortable stay, therefore, the choice must be approached consciously at the stage of designing the entire system as a whole. The heating equipment market does not stand still and is constantly evolving, and the result of fierce competition is the availability of the widest selection of boilers of various brands, configurations and modifications. Unlike owners of city apartments, who most often receive a boiler after the fact, the owner of a private house has the opportunity to choose a unit at almost any stage of designing his home.
From the author: the purpose of this article is to become familiar with modern heating technology, its main differences, variety and applicability. We are not representatives of any boiler manufacturer, but are engaged in diagnostics and repair of electronics of gas units and will try to make this review as practical and unbiased as possible.
Criteria for choosing a gas boiler
One of the main criteria for choosing a gas boiler is the required power and the need for hot water at home. Ideally, the required boiler power is selected based on the thermal calculation of the building that will be heated by it. In the process of thermal calculation, the heat losses of the premises, the number of windows, doorways, ceiling heights, wall materials and characteristics of the selected thermal insulation.
There is an opinion that you can select the power of the unit at the rate of 1 kW per 10 square meters of area, but this value is quite arbitrary. Modern thermal insulation materials, plastic windows and insulated doors significantly increase the energy efficiency class of buildings, and this figure can be reduced by 20-30%.
Significantly overestimating the boiler power can lead to a decrease in its operating efficiency. Modern gas boilers allow you to regulate power over a fairly wide range, but it should be borne in mind that maximum efficiency and the efficiency of the boiler will be achieved when it operates at rated power. Constant operation of the boiler
the lower power limit reduces the efficiency of the unit by approximately 12-15%. Information on the efficiency value under different operating modes is usually indicated in the passport or instructions for the device. Overestimating the boiler power also risks turning the device on and off too frequently, which negatively affects the actuators and electronics.
When choosing power, some experts recommend taking into account the need to prepare hot water and increasing the power by 20%, or even twice. Naturally, when choosing a gas boiler for heating a private house, it is assumed that the residents will also need hot water, but it would be more correct to be guided not by the power, but by the number of hot water supply points and their distance from the boiler room.
Often the final power and type of boiler are selected based on the needs for hot water preparation.
Depending on this criterion, there may be several options:
double-circuit gas boiler
boiler with built-in boiler
single-circuit boiler and indirect heating boiler
Double-circuit gas boiler
Double-circuit gas boilers are designed to heat the coolant in the heating system and, if necessary, prepare hot water, i.e. they implement two independent circuits. Depending on the type of boiler, double-circuit models can have one heat exchanger (primary) and two - an additional plate heat exchanger for preparing hot water. When choosing such a boiler, you should pay attention to the performance of the boiler in DHW mode. On average, the water consumption of one water tap at a comfortable pressure and average pressure will be about 8-10 liters per minute.
Based on this, for example, a 24 kW double-circuit boiler will be able to provide approximately 2 water points, because the performance of the heat exchanger in DHW mode in most cases will be 14-15 liters per minute. And such productivity will be at a temperature delta of 25 degrees; at a temperature delta of 35 degrees, this value will be significantly less - around 10 liters per minute. Delta means the difference between the cold water temperature and the required heating temperature. A comfortable hot water temperature is about 40 degrees, therefore, at a temperature of incoming cold water of about 5 degrees (in winter), the delta will be exactly 35. For example, we give these characteristics for some of the most well-known models:
With an increase in boiler power, these figures will not increase significantly. For models 32-36 kW this is approximately 15-16 l/min, and for 38-40 kW 18-19 l/min. Therefore, it is obvious that a double-circuit boiler with a secondary heat exchanger can be considered mainly for small private houses or apartments with an area of up to 120 square meters with two, maximum three water collection points. Double-circuit boilers are separate devices and are not intended to work together with boilers.
To summarize, we can highlight the following features of dual-circuit models:
versatility (heating and hot water at the same time)
Dimensions (can be mounted in a kitchen cabinet)
ease of installation and operation
lower value (cost) of initial costs
Boiler with built-in small volume boiler
Such boilers have some advantages over typical double-circuit ones: instead of a flow-through heat exchanger, a small-capacity boiler is installed (usually 40-60 liters) and this means that there is always a small supply of hot water. Firstly, residents practically do not have to wait for the water to heat up for the first time. Secondly, the boiler will turn on less often - it happens that you need to briefly open the tap to rinse the cup. In this case, the double-circuit boiler will turn on and heat the water at full power; the option with a built-in boiler will turn on only when the temperature of the reserve water drops below the set one. Fewer switches mean longer service life of actuators.
For example: the Ariston CLAS B EVO 24 FF model (built-in tank of 40 liters) already has a performance in DHW mode of 16 liters per minute at a delta of 35 degrees and 19 liters per minute at a delta of 30 degrees 10 minutes after switching on!
Obviously, such boilers have a greater degree of comfort, but are significantly more expensive. Also, they do not have problems with scale formation, that is, they are less demanding on water quality. When choosing a boiler for a private home, you should pay attention to performance in DHW mode and ease of maintenance.
Single-circuit boiler and indirect heating boiler
An indirect heating boiler is a container for storing water, which does not have its own heating element, and heating occurs due to external sources(for example, a boiler or solar panels). According to many experts, the use of a single-circuit boiler and boiler in a heating scheme is most preferable. This scheme differs from the previous version in the volume of the boiler itself in the direction of increase. The boiler is selected based on the hot water needs of the residents of a private house. There are various methods for choosing, calculators - this is the topic of a separate review. Individually, it is necessary to determine the maximum possible one-time water consumption, for example, in the morning, and select a container of the required volume. The performance of the boiler will depend on the power of the boiler, because the power of the boiler itself is limited by the power of its coil. The boiler volume is selected based on peak water consumption values. If we average, we can give the following recommendations: up to 80 liters for a family of 1-2 people, up to 150 liters for a family of 3-4 people and from 200 liters for families of more than 5 people. In non-standard cases, it is necessary to carry out design calculations.
Thus, we get the following advantages of using a boiler:
constant supply of hot water (maximum comfort)
lower hydraulic resistance compared to a plate heat exchanger
reducing the number of boiler starts
reducing water consumption (no need to drain water while waiting for heating)
no scale formation (does not interfere with regular maintenance)
Some heating equipment manufacturers have ready-made options boiler + boiler, which are installed in a single system.
So, in the end, we select the boiler according to the heat losses of the house, the boiler according to the needs for the amount of hot water.
In addition to the main operational characteristics, boilers have a number of other differences: material of manufacture and type of heat exchanger, type of combustion chamber, installation method.
Based on the installation method, there are floor-standing and wall-mounted boilers. Wall-mounted boilers are compact in size, light in weight and versatile; they are used when there is no separate room for installing a gas boiler. Floor-standing models are equipped with heat exchangers made of cast iron (therefore, they are heavy) and require certain requirements from the room during installation. Distinctive feature of such boilers is their high reliability. The cast iron heat exchanger is highly resistant to corrosion and has a long service life. The disadvantages are fragility and heavy weight.
Heat exchangers of wall-mounted boilers can be made of steel, copper, aluminum alloy or stainless steel. Steel heat exchangers are the cheapest and have a number of disadvantages, such as lower efficiency, a tendency to deformation and have a shorter service life. Copper heat exchangers have significantly greater thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and lighter weight.
Bithermic heat exchanger
It is worth considering separately the design feature of gas boilers with a bithermic heat exchanger. In “bithermics” heating of the heating fluid and running water occurs in a single primary bithermic heat exchanger (there is no secondary one). When the boiler needs to heat the heating system, the circulation pump turns on when required DHW heating– the pump is turned off and all power is transferred to the tap water flowing there. The heat exchanger itself is a pipe-in-pipe structure (one is heating, the other is DHW). The advantage is the low price, but water treatment of the water passing through the heat exchanger becomes an important necessity. Limescale, which actively forms on the walls at high operating temperatures, can significantly reduce the service life.
Atmospheric and turbocharged gas boilers
According to the method of removing combustion products, gas boilers are divided into atmospheric ones, where smoke is removed from the combustion chamber due to natural traction in the chimney and turbocharged, in which combustion products are removed forcibly using a fan.
Gas boilers with a fan are more expensive, but more economical and have greater efficiency. To install such a boiler, a classic chimney is not required; the use of a coaxial chimney (pipe in pipe) is sufficient, in which air is supplied and discharged through one common pipe, which can be removed from the room through the wall.
Modern fans with adjustable speed allow you to achieve significant savings and in combination with a modulating gas burner, regulate the boiler power over a very wide range, as well as obtain high efficiency in low power modes.
Condensing boilers
Everyone roughly represents the process of heat transfer in a conventional gas boiler: the heat exchanger is located directly above the burner and when the gas is burned, heat is transferred to the coolant. While burning gas-air mixture carbon dioxide, water and heat are generated. The remaining heat that the heat exchanger did not have time to accept goes into the chimney, while the temperature of the flue gases can range from 140 to 170 degrees.
With this scheme, a large amount of heat simply flies out into the chimney. This is due to the fact that combustion products contain approximately 10% water in a gaseous state, i.e. in the form of steam and manufacturers are trying in every possible way to avoid condensation of this steam inside the boiler or chimney. The design of a traditional boiler is designed to prevent the formation of condensation, because condensate is water only in a simplified form. In reality, combustion products contain harmful impurities that form an aggressive mixture of acids (nitric, sulfuric, coal), which lead to rapid wear of boiler elements.
The process of condensation formation begins when the combustion products are cooled to approximately 55-57 degrees. Therefore, the solution to extract additional heat is to cool the combustion products to the point where condensation forms inside the boiler and control this process. For maximum heat transfer to the coolant it is required big square heat exchanger and creating conditions for the formation of condensate inside this heat exchanger. In addition, the condensate, when cooling, gives additional heat, which, in fact, is transferred to the coolant, flowing down the walls. That is why marketers often indicate the efficiency of such boilers as more than 100%, adding the effect of heat transfer by condensate to the efficiency of a traditional boiler.
Example: Baxi LUNA DUO-TEC 1.24 GA. The maximum power is 24.7 kW, and the minimum power is only 3.7 kW!!!
In addition to efficient heat removal, condensing boilers can regulate power over a very wide range. This is especially true in the middle zone, where the average annual temperature ranges from 0 to 5 degrees. Therefore, such a boiler will be much more economical than a traditional one in the off-season, when the use of the rated power of the boiler is not required.
In addition to all the advantages, it is worth noting that to obtain the maximum capabilities of a condensing boiler, a low-temperature operating mode is required (supply temperature less than 50 degrees), and this is not always possible. Since the boiler, in fact, is additionally a generator of condensate, it must be disposed of in a country house using septic tanks - this will have to be taken care of additionally.
In a country house, insects can also become a real problem for such a boiler. The temperature of the exhaust gases is low and therefore attracts insects, and in the case of a coaxial chimney, x will be continuously sucked into the combustion chamber.
Conclusion
In this review, we examined the main differences between gas installations on the market and examined standard schemes applicability. Choosing a gas boiler can be a difficult task; which one should you choose - Ariston, BAXI, Vaillant or Protherm? Let's give some advice.
Choose boilers of popular brands that are widespread in the market of a particular region. Purchasing products from little-known manufacturers may limit the life of the boiler before the first breakdown.
Pay attention to the materials and manufacturers of the main components of the boiler (hydraulic group, circulation pump, heat exchanger). Preference should be given to well-known global brands and durable materials.
Expansion tank. It is worth seeing whether the volume of the built-in expansion tank will be sufficient for your conditions, because in different boilers of the same power it can differ in the range from 6 to 10 liters. If the heating system has its own expansion tank, then the recommendation can be ignored.
Be sure to evaluate the cost of boiler ownership and availability service department and spare parts. You can compare prices for the main components: heat exchanger, electronic board, fan and others. The availability of spare parts may vary in different regions, so you should give preference to the most common brands, which will not cause problems in the event of a breakdown, for example, during the heating season.
Compare when choosing technical equipment different models: the presence of self-diagnosis functions, anti-freezing, post-circulation, power adjustment ranges, the presence of a heated floor mode (if necessary) and the ability to connect programming options and weather-dependent automation.
If you choose a single-circuit boiler for antifreeze as a coolant, check the possibility of its use. Some manufacturers prohibit the use of antifreeze in their boilers.
Be sure to review the product warranty terms. In some cases, the warranty may be calculated from the date of manufacture of the product, and if you are sold a boiler that has been in storage for two years, you will lose the lion's share of the warranty period.
As for reviews, we do not recommend using them as the final truth. Equipment operation histories may be different and depend on specific conditions, region, water hardness, power supply quality, and the competence of the designer and installer. Some people treat things with care, observe maintenance intervals and operating rules, others believe that you can not go near the boiler for 10 years and everything should work. On the Internet you can often find frankly customized reviews or reviews written for search engines, so they are often biased and have absolutely no value. A gas boiler has not been a luxury for a long time and is used everywhere, therefore, it is better to take advantage of the reviews of the owners who will probably be found in the immediate vicinity.
We hope that this material will help you in choosing a gas boiler for heating a private home; we also recommend watching a video with recommendations from professionals.
The homeowner’s desire to purchase the most economical gas boiler is understandable - the cost of fuel regularly increases, so creating an effective system will significantly reduce the cost of heating the house and preparing water for hot water supply.
Wide selection of boiler brands
What criteria should you use to evaluate a gas boiler for your home when purchasing equipment for local system heating, you will learn from this article.
Efficiency of gas boilers
First of all, you need to understand how the thermal energy of burning fuel is distributed. The energy carrier for a gas boiler is natural or liquefied gas, while calorific value any of these types of fuel must be within the regulatory requirements - only in this case will the heating unit be able to generate heat in accordance with its passport parameters.
The calorific value of a gas is a value indicating how much heat is released during the combustion of a unit volume of fuel. The heating unit directs the main part of this energy to heating the coolant in the building system, i.e. for heating the house. The greater the percentage of energy used to solve this problem, the better.
The efficiency of a heat generator (expressed as a percentage) is an indicator of exactly what part of the combustion heat of the energy carrier is used to heat the house. The higher the efficiency, the more efficiently the fuel is used, the less it is required to maintain the heating system operating normally.
Efficiency and economy depend on each other
In turn, the more fully the fuel is used and the lower its consumption, the less money is spent on purchasing energy. Thus, the efficiency of the boiler is directly related to its efficiency.
During the combustion of gas fuel under normal conditions and with a sufficient supply of oxygen, CO 2 (carbon dioxide, also known as carbon dioxide) and H 2 O (water) are released.
Thermal energy obtained as a result of gas combustion is consumed :
- for heating the coolant;
- on the evaporation of water vapor obtained during combustion;
- goes down the chimney along with the flue gases.
The most economical gas boilers differ from the rest in that the absolute maximum of thermal energy is directed to heating the house, while losses on the last two items on the list are minimized.
Combustion chambers and burners
The efficiency of a heat generator running on natural or liquefied gas is usually 90-95%; for premium units this figure can reach 98%.
To a certain extent, the efficiency of the device depends on the characteristics gas burner with which the boiler is equipped.
When choosing a heat source, you should pay attention to the type of combustion chamber of the unit - it can be open or closed:
- air enters the open combustion chamber from the room;
- air enters the closed chamber from the street through a coaxial chimney and is pumped by a fan.
Obviously, in the second case, the combustion process takes place with a higher oxygen supply, due to which the fuel burns almost completely, giving maximum thermal energy. This not only reduces the amount of flue gases, but also increases the efficiency of the boiler.
The burners themselves are of two types - with step and smooth adjustment, thanks to which you can change the power of the unit. The most inexpensive units are equipped with a single-stage or two-stage burner device.
If a gas boiler is equipped with an electronically controlled modulating burner, it can save energy as much as possible. This is due to the fact that the degree of heating of the coolant is smoothly adjusted depending on the real heat needs of the house. This is one of the most important conditions for reducing fuel costs during the heating season.
Attention! Efficient and reliable gas unit with modular burner and forced submission It makes sense to install air into the firebox as part of a heating system with individual microclimate control in each room. This requires serious investments at the stage of purchasing and installing equipment, but in the future the system pays for itself due to serious savings in energy resources.
A little more about the efficiency of boiler systems
This indicator depends not only on the characteristics of the firebox and burner device, but also on how thermal energy is transferred.
At the first stage, the heat received in the combustion chamber heats the water jacket of the unit. Then the flue gases and the remaining thermal energy pass through a heat exchanger made of steel or cast iron, due to which another part of the thermal energy is spent on heating the water. The remaining heat, along with the flue gases, escapes into the atmosphere through the chimney.
If you measure the temperature of the flue gases at the outlet of the chimney, you can evaluate the efficiency of boiler equipment. In a heater with low efficiency, the temperature of the gases at the outlet pipe reaches (or even exceeds) 200 degrees - this means that a significant part of the thermal energy is irretrievably lost, that is, a decent percentage of the fuel is burned in vain. Gas heating boilers can be considered quite efficient if the temperature of the flue gases at the outlet of the pipe does not exceed 150 degrees. For an economical boiler this figure will be about 100 degrees.
Parameters of exhaust flue gases
The lowest temperature of combustion products is in condensing gas boilers. This is achieved thanks to the design features of the unit, which provides a system for extracting heat obtained during water vaporization. As mentioned above, water is released during the combustion of gas fuel and then evaporates - and part of the resulting thermal energy is spent on this evaporation. Condensing colas differ from classic gas units in that they take this energy back by condensing water vapor.
The condensing model is equipped with a cylindrical burner, which is mounted inside a stainless steel heat exchanger, made in the form of a coil with turns located very close to each other. The coolant circulates through the coil. Water vapor generated during the chemical combustion reaction passes through the coil, since it has no other way, and condenses on its surface. During the condensation process, the steam releases heat to the coil.
When determining which gas boiler is the most economical, you should pay attention to condensing boilers, since the temperature of the combustion products at the outlet of the pipe is the lowest - only 45-70 degrees, while the efficiency is 98%.
What to choose: a condensing or a regular boiler?
As already mentioned, the efficiency and reliability of a condensing boiler is beyond doubt. But it should be taken into account that sellers of such equipment often mislead buyers by declaring that the efficiency of the condensing heat generator is more than 100%. They add to the basic indicator of 98% the “percentage of efficiency” obtained through condensation of water vapor - i.e. thermal energy that the unit takes back, having initially spent on converting water into steam.
The photo shows a condensing boiler
Any literate person who studied physics at school knows that the efficiency of equipment cannot exceed 100%. A condensing unit is capable of minimizing heat loss, but cannot increase the amount of thermal energy obtained by burning gas. Thus, the actual efficiency of the condensing heat generator does not exceed 98%.
However, when choosing a heating unit that runs on gas, it is important to consider the following :
- condensing boilers are more economical than conventional boilers, but are significantly more expensive due to their more complex design;
- servicing a traditional gas unit (flushing the heat exchanger, etc.) can be done with your own hands; technically there is nothing complicated about it, but cleaning a condensing boiler requires the involvement of certified specialists.
If you are looking for an economical gas boiler among conventional units, it is important to understand that savings when purchasing equipment in the future may result in increased costs for repairs and maintenance.
Don't forget to estimate installation costs .
For example, a floor-standing gas boiler with an open combustion chamber requires installation in a specially designated room with fire-resistant finishing. In addition, a foundation and a vertical chimney are installed for it.
A model with a closed combustion chamber can be installed in any convenient place and the chimney can be brought out through the wall.
Compact gas boilers are hung on the wall and take up minimal space - this is the most convenient option.
Please note: it makes sense to choose a non-volatile boiler only if it is not possible to provide power to the equipment. Such models have a relatively low cost, but do not provide the opportunity to save fuel.
How to make the right choice?
Compare the following indicators :
- Unit efficiency (indicated by the manufacturer in the product passport);
- temperature level of combustion products at the outlet;
- design features of the heat exchanger (the more turns, the more thermal energy the flue gases will have time to release);
- the quality of thermal insulation of the boiler water jacket (it is important that there is no unnecessary heat loss);
- type of combustion chamber;
- burner type (smooth adjustment - this is the ability to switch the boiler to maximum economy mode work regarding specific conditions).
An installed heating boiler for a private home must be adjusted correctly; this must be done by specialists. Practice shows that it is not worth saving in the future by inviting experienced professionals to adjust the heating unit - even the slightest deviations from the optimal operating modes of the units lead to the fact that the operation of the boiler becomes less efficient and more fuel is wasted.
The choice you make will not disappoint you if you take into account all the recommendations. But it should be understood that an economical boiler will meet expectations only if the house is well insulated, best option heating system, fuel with the proper characteristics is used.
No matter how high the performance of the boiler unit, it requires regular preventive cleaning - accumulated contaminants reduce the boiler’s power and provoke excessive fuel consumption.
How to choose an economical gas boiler for heating a private home
How to make the right choice of an economical and efficient boiler for heating a private home. Which gas boilers are practical and reliable to use.
