Research project “Germination conditions and the importance of seeds. Research project "growing fruit plants from seeds at home" Plant growing project
Ministry of General and Vocational Education
Sverdlovsk region
Education Department of the Leninsky District Administration
Cities of Yekaterinburg
Municipal autonomous educational institution
Secondary school No. 93
PROJECT
Growing a sprout from a seed
Research
Pupils of 4th grade
Zholudeva Taisiya
Ekaterinburg city, 2015
Introduction
Type of project: research, educational
Project duration: short-term (4 weeks)
Relevance of the project: the project on growing plants at home is aimed at obtaining basic knowledge about cultivated plants growing in our region; on how to grow and care for them.
Goal: study of theoretical data on the propagation of flowering plants by seeds, application of the acquired knowledge for growing several types of plants.
Tasks:
1. Study theoretical material on growing flowers at home.
2. Find out the rules for caring for seedlings.
3. Study the importance of light, heat, moisture, soil for the growth and development of plants.
4. Monitor the growth and development of seedlings in practice
Project idea: Grow several types of plants on your own: marigolds, peas, nasturtium.
Project stages:
1. Collection necessary information about the plants being planted, conditions of growth and development
2. Preparation of materials for the implementation of the project: seeds, soil, fertilizers, special pots.
3. Accumulation of material, preparation of a photo report, presentation of the project.
Object of study: the process of germination of plant seeds at home in winter
Research hypothesis: the ability to grow cultivated plants at home in winter
Theoretical data
What is a flower? Human cultivation of plants
Flowering plants or Angiosperms - department higher plants, distinctive feature which is the presence of a flower as a reproductive organ
The first flowering plants appeared approximately 140 million years ago. But these were very simple and few plants. Traces of widespread development and distribution of angiosperms appeared about 100 million years ago.
One of the most important directions in the evolution of the plant kingdom is adaptation to the changing conditions of earthly life. Flowering plants are the clearest expression of this feature and lead among all plants on the earth's surface at the present time.
Added to the widest geographical diversity is the variety of forms and modes of growth. The common duckweed that covers the surface of a pond is a tiny green shoot with a simple root vertically submerged in the water and very fuzzy leaves and stem parts. Mighty forest tree centuries developed its complex system trunks and branches covered with countless twigs and foliage, and underground the corresponding area is occupied by a powerful, well-developed root system. Between these two extremes are endless species of aquatic and terrestrial herbs, creeping, erect or climbing, bushes and trees.
People have been growing flowers since time immemorial. Monuments and documents found during excavations confirm that in different corners of our planet, long before our era, various flowering plants for obtaining flowers and aromatic oils.
Floriculture is one of the areas of decorative gardening. Floriculture is the cultivation flower crops. They are grown to decorate parks, squares, gardens, various rooms, for obtaining cut flowers. Some plants are grown in open ground, others - in greenhouses, greenhouses, rooms.
This is an integral part of all plant growing and covers a group of plants that are not used as food, but are used for decoration. environment and interiors
A large role in floriculture, as well as in crop production in general, is played by the rules of planting and growing cultivated plants, timing and methods of obtaining and preserving seeds capable of producing high-quality sprouts.
Studying the processes occurring in the seed after planting, observing the growth and development of plants are ways to obtain theoretical and practical knowledge.
Reproduction of flowering plants
Reproduction of flowering plants occurs different ways. With the vegetative type of propagation, all characteristics of the plant are completely copied: flower color, height, features of the stem, root system, etc. For reproduction vegetative way any part of the parent plant is needed, be it a root, stem or leaf.
The sexual propagation method involves the use of seeds. For most flowering plants, this method is optimal. In order for full-fledged plants to grow from seeds, they must be sown according to certain rules in compliance with many conditions, such as: sowing time, temperature regime, soil characteristics.
SEED - the embryonic stage of a seed plant, formed during the process of reproduction. Inside the seed is an embryo consisting of a germinal root, a stalk and one or two leaves, or cotyledons.
The seed is the basis for the existence of the modern plant and animal world. Without seeds, there would be no forests, meadows, steppes, grain fields on the planet, there would be no birds and ants, bees and butterflies, humans and other mammals. All this appeared only after plants, in the course of evolution, arose seeds, within which life can, without declaring itself, persist for weeks, months and even for many years. The miniature plant embryo in the seed is capable of traveling long distances; he is not tied to the earth by roots, like his parents; does not require either water or oxygen; he is waiting in the wings so that, once in appropriate place and after waiting for favorable conditions, begin development, which is called seed germination.
Seed germination, seedling growth
In most plants, even under favorable conditions, seeds do not germinate for a certain time. At this time, the processes of metabolism and energy conversion (in particular, respiration) in the seed almost stop, and the water content is no more than 10-15%.
For seed germination, a combination of the following conditions is necessary: sufficient humidity, the presence of air, a certain temperature, and for some, also light.
Each plant species has its own requirements for seed germination conditions.
Getting into favorable conditions, the seed absorbs water and swells. At the same time, its respiration increases, reserve nutrients are transferred into a form available for consumption by the embryo (for example, insoluble starch is converted into soluble sugars). Some of these substances are used to provide the embryonic cells with energy, and the other part is used to form compounds necessary for growth.
From the moment of germination, a plant is called a seedling. First, the embryonic root grows, and only then the bud. The root breaks through the seed coat and grows deep into the soil, as it reacts to the force of gravity of the Earth, and the shoot, on the contrary, rushes up to the surface of the soil. This direction of growth of the embryonic root and shoot does not depend on how the seed is located in the soil.
During seed storage, some of the embryos may die from pests, drying out or other reasons.
Another condition for obtaining healthy seedlings is the correct depth of sowing seeds. When sown at insufficient depth, the seeds may dry out and die due to lack of moisture. And, conversely, if sowing is too deep, it is difficult for the seedling to break through thick layer the ground and on the soil surface it appears weakened. In addition, with depth in the soil, the oxygen content necessary for the respiration of seedlings decreases.
Seed germination ends with the seedling transitioning to nutrition through the roots and other parts of the plant. Therefore, creating conditions that are optimal for seed germination, and, consequently, increasing seed germination, is one of the prerequisites for obtaining healthy and viable plants.
Practical part. Growing plants at home
Preparatory work
To grow plants at home, seeds of two types of flowers were purchased: marigolds and nasturtium. The choice was made taking into account the fact that these types of flowers are quite unpretentious in care, germinate quickly and produce beautiful large flowers.
In addition, for comparison, pea seeds were purchased, which also have a fairly short seed germination period.
A special one was also chosen flower soil, containing all the minerals necessary for future plants.
The required amount of soil was distributed into three small pots for seedlings.
After studying the rules for planting each type of seed indicated on the seed package, we began planting and further monitoring the seeds.
Plants to be planted
Marigolds (Tagetsy) - Latin name came from the name of Tadis, the grandson of Jupiter, who taught people to predict fate and find treasures.
The homeland of marigolds is Southern and Central America. In the 16th century, along with many plants (potatoes, corn, etc.), they were brought to Europe and North Africa, from where they quickly spread throughout Europe
Marigolds came to our country around the 18th century and were then called “African flowers.” However, this name did not last long. The Russians called these flowers marigolds because of the velvety texture of their petals.
You can grow marigold seedlings on a sunny windowsill. The soil should be loose, nutritious and fertile. At the time of sowing, the soil should be moist. Seeds are planted in furrows to a depth of 1 cm and at a distance of 1.5 cm from each other. After this, the seeds must be sprinkled with a layer of soil no more than 0.5 cm in height, watered and placed in a warm place. You need to water the seeds no more than 1-2 times a day, as the soil dries out. Shoots should appear in 3-5 days.
Nasturtium (krasolya, capuchin, tropeolum). Belongs to the capuchin family. The name comes from the Greek words “tropaion” - trophies and “olos” - full (nasturtium leaves look like shields, and flowers like helmets, that is, they resemble the ancient weapons of a warrior).
In Russia, this plant, imported from Holland, was known as capuchin, which is associated with the shape of the flower itself, imitating the hood of a monk’s cloak. Later, the name “nasturtium” stuck.
The plant is undemanding to growing conditions, with bright flowers. To grow nasturtium you will need fertile soil, good sunlight and frost protection. You need to place the seedlings on the brightest windowsill or on a glazed loggia. Seeds are sown to a depth of 2-3 cm, 2 pieces each. Nasturtium prefers moderate watering.
Peas - annual herbaceous plant the legume family, which has a fruit - a bean, and seeds - a pea.
The history of pea cultivation goes back at least 3000 years. In the Middle East, remains of pea dishes have been discovered that are at least 10 thousand years old. Peas were widely cultivated in Ancient India and Ancient China, where it is a symbol of fertility and wealth. IN Ancient Greece And Ancient Rome peas were the main food of the poor people. After peas were imported from France, they quickly became very popular in Russia.
Before planting, pea seeds must be soaked for several hours. Seeds are sown in boxes or pots with moist and loose soil. Peas are sown very densely - every 1-2 cm in the row. The distance between rows is 2-3 cm. Planting depth is 2-3 cm.
Caring for peas consists of watering, weeding, loosening and fertilizing, and protection from pests. When the seedlings get stronger and begin to grow, twigs are placed next to the plants, clinging to which with tendrils, the peas can grow vertically.
First day
Planting Marigold Flower Seeds
This is what marigold seeds look like ready for planting.
Planting peas
This is what dry seeds look like
Before planting, the seeds must be soaked for several hours.
After soaking, plant the seeds
Planting nasturtium flowers
This is what dry seeds look like
Water after planting in the pot.
The inside of a flower seed looks something like this
The peel protects the seed from external influences.
Endosperm is a storehouse nutrients. Thanks to it, the plant can begin to grow after planting. When a seed germinates, nutrients from the endosperm are transported to the root, stem and bud through the cotyledon.
The cotyledon, bud, stem and root are the embryo of the future plant. From the bud - the leaves, from the stem - the stem, from the root - the root, from the cotyledons - the first 2 leaves.
From each part of the embryo and seed, a specific part of the plant develops.
All conditions were created for the plant to grow: light, watering, warmth, care.
Seed germination has begun.
Schematically, the process of flower growth is as follows:
Or more clearly:
The first sprouts of marigolds appeared on the 4th day after planting
On the eleventh day after planting (seventh after the sprout appears)
Marigolds grow slowly. By the end of the second week after planting:
On the eighteenth day:
In three weeks, the height of the sprout was only three centimeters.
In 6-7 weeks such flowers should have bloomed
The first nasturtium sprouts appeared on the 7th day after planting
Nasturtium grows rapidly, more than 1 cm per day. The reason for such rapid growth is also that in winter there is little light in the room and the sprouts struggle to reach the window to get more sunlight.
Seventh day after seed germination
Sprouts reach for the light
Beginning of the second week after germination:
Turn towards the light source
They grew quite large, more than 30 cm in two weeks.
The seedlings did not have enough light and heat to set flowers in winter. The first flowers should appear approximately two months after germination.
These nasturtium flowers should have bloomed
Not a single grain of the peas sprouted. Most likely, the seeds were old and did not have enough moisture and heat for sprouts to appear
conclusions
Dry seeds contain the rudiments of future LIVING plants, but in a “dormant” state.
The conditions for seed germination are light, air, water, and minerals.
Seed germination begins from the moment water penetrates the seed. Having penetrated the seed, water causes it to swell - the seed slightly increases in volume. In this case, the reserve nutrients located in the endosperm and cotyledons pass into a soluble state and become available to the cells of the living embryo.
If there are few reserve nutrients in the seed, as happened with the seeds of peas and marigolds, then the development of the embryo occurs slowly or does not begin at all, and the embryo dies.
The importance of heat and light is very great. In case of insufficient lighting (winter, dark rooms) plants strive for an accessible source of light, stretch, leaves and stems become weak and light.
When landing, it is very important to follow all the rules for of this plant: planting dates, hole depth, heat and light conditions. Without these conditions being met, the desired result may not be achieved.
Bibliography
Raven P., Evert R., Eichhorn S. Modern botany, vol. 2. M., 1990
Collier's Encyclopedia. - Open Society. 2000.
"Biology. A modern illustrated encyclopedia." Ch. ed. A. P. Gorkin; M.: Rosman, 2006.)
www.wikipedia.org
Bragina Yu.Yu. (Usolye-Sibirskoye, State Educational Institution “Sanatorium Boarding School No. 4”)
1. Bagrova L.A. I'm exploring the world. Plants. Children's encyclopedia. – M.: Publishing house AST, 2002. 510 p.
2. Bernie D. Trees. Facts, finds, discoveries. – M.: Makhaon Publishing House, 2010. 64 p.
3. Life of trees. – M.: Makhaon Publishing House, 2014. – 32 p.
4. Cutler K., Russell T. Trees of the world. Illustrated encyclopedia. – M.: Eksmo Publishing House, 2014. – 256 p.
5. Kovalchuk V.P. Collection of methods for studying soils and plants. – Kyiv: Publishing house Trud-GriPol-XXIvik, 2010. – 252 p.
6. Mettle R. Big book about forests and trees. – M.: Publishing house Klever Media Group, 2014. – 56 p.
7. Neumyvalkin I.P. Aloe. Myths and reality. – M.: Dilya Publishing House, 2008. – 128 p.
8. Pansyu M., Goteru J. Handbook. Soil analysis. – St. Petersburg: Publishing House TsOP “Profession”, 2014. – 800 p.
9. Purcell L. Trees: beauty and harmony. Photo album. – M.: Kolibri Publishing House, 2013. – 544 p.
10. Ride J., Ride M. Trees heal. All about the healing power of trees. – M.: Publishing house “My World”, 2006. – 144 p.
11. Fomin G.S., Fomin A.G. The soil. Quality control and environmental safety according to international standards. – M: Protector Publishing House, 2001. – 305 p.
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13. Hessayon D.G. All about ornamental trees and shrubs. – M.: Publishing house Kladez-Books, 2007. – 128 p.
14. Chamovits D. Secret knowledge plants. What flowers and trees see, hear and understand. – M.: Publishing house Tsentrpoligraf, 2015. – 224 p.
On our planet there is a huge variety of trees that amaze people with their amazing shapes, fruits, and amazing beauty. We are all accustomed to the way the trees around us look in everyday life, so if we see something that doesn’t look like them, at first we can’t even believe that they are unusual trees exist. IN modern world many exotic trees are grown in room conditions. It’s wonderful when a piece of the beauty of our planet is on your windowsill at home. And it’s just a miracle when you have your own decorative mini tree plantation.
Many exotic trees, atypical for our Siberian climate, can be grown at home. You experience a feeling of delight when a planted plant suddenly emerges from the soil, and a fragile sprout gradually turns into a tree. This is your “Miracle Tree”!
Purpose of the study- monitoring the growth of exotic trees indoors and in open ground, studying the method of seed germination and plant growth with Aloe vera juice, creating a biofertilizer based on natural components.
Were delivered tasks:
1. Study the literature on the diversity of exotic trees.
2. Select and plant tree seeds.
3. Care for plants indoors for 2 years.
4. Observe the growth of trees in open ground in the summer.
5. Learn the methods of germination and growth of plants with Aloe vera juice.
6. Make fertilizer based on natural ingredients.
The relevance of the study is related to the study of germination and growth of ornamental exotic trees in indoor conditions, improving their growth characteristics based on the use of Aloe vera juice and experimentally produced biofertilizer.
The novelty of the chosen topic. For the first time, guided generally accepted methods, the author of the work independently produced a liquid biofertilizer at home from natural components, the composition of which has no analogues. Experiments were carried out using fertilizer on indoor trees, practical results were obtained and conclusions were drawn.
Hypothesis put forward. Is it possible to grow the “Miracle Tree” with your own hands indoors? How to do this competently from a scientific and practical point of view?
The objects of the study were exotic trees that were independently grown by the author of the work.
Research methods:
1. Natural.
1.1. Observation of plant germination from seeds.
1.2. Study of tree growth in indoor and open ground conditions.
The research consisted of determining a number of plant parameters:
A) external characteristics trees in summer and winter periods years: plant growth rate, survival rate during transplantation, flowering;
b) the number of sprouted seeds and the length of the first leaf using Aloe vera juice;
c) seed germination and external characteristics of grown trees after applying biofertilizer.
2. Experimental.
2.1. Seed germination method according to the international standard ISO 11269-1 and the use of the Corel DRAW computer program.
2.2. Preparation of a solution from natural ingredients (vermicompost, vermiculite, birch ash, Aloe vera sap).
2.3. Determination of medium acidity using universal indicator paper.
Practical significance. Research is expanding the understanding of growing exotic trees. The recommendations proposed in the work allow you to competently approach seed germination and subsequently grow healthy, strong plants. Liquid biofertilizer, first produced by the author of the work, can be recommended for practical purposes.
How to grow a “Miracle Tree” from an “ordinary seed”
Work began in October 2014. The idea of its creation appeared after reading a poem by K.I. Chukovsky "Miracle Tree". Based on literary sources, the diversity of the planet's trees was studied and the first report was compiled. It is known that trees are the lungs of our planet. Without trees, man could not exist on earth. There are many trees growing on our planet. As well-known biologists assure, there are more than one hundred thousand varieties of trees. Their diversity is amazing, and their beauty and splendor are mesmerizing. Scientists have long proven that trees have a beneficial effect on the human body. While walking through the forest you get a boost of energy and great mood.
There are magical and wonderful places on our planet where dairy, bread, sausage, cheese, candy, strawberry, chocolate, grape and melon trees grow. What are the most unusual and amazing trees in the world? Based on the literature, tree species were selected whose seeds can be grown indoors.
Stores sell lemon, orange, tangerine trees with fruits and I can’t believe that the same plant can grow in your home. Growing lemons, oranges, and pomegranates from seeds is much more interesting than buying ready-made plants. The main thing is to always remember that this is not at all difficult and is quite accessible to everyone. The interesting thing about store-bought fruit seeds is that you never know what will grow from them. Seedlings almost always do not retain the varietal characteristics of their parents. If everything is done correctly, the plants will be healthy, strong and initially adapted specifically to your home conditions. Over time, you understand that this is a rewarding task - for patient, caring and responsible “testers”. Eating a fruit, planting seeds and waiting for sprouts is the beginning of your miracle.
Selection of tree seeds, their sowing and the appearance of the first shoots
At the second stage of the work, the question was posed: “Is it possible to grow a Miracle Tree at home?” To achieve this goal, we planted seeds of indoor trees that were purchased at a flower shop: Dwarf Pomegranate, Orpheus Nightshade, Red-Leafed Hibiscus, and several types of ornamental palms. These plants were chosen because they are not very demanding for indoor conditions. In addition, fresh Pomegranate and Orange seeds were taken to check the recommendations for growing trees from a “regular seed”. Pomegranate and Orange seeds were planted in large quantities in order to conduct further experiments, as well as to create a useful vitamin herbal tea from the leaves of these plants.
Experience has shown that the seeds are capable of fairly good germination: Red-leaved Hibiscus sprouted after 7 days, Dwarf Pomegranate - after 12 days, Orpheus Nightshade - after 25 days (Fig. 1). However, several palm species did not emerge and showed negative results. The best seedlings were obtained from fresh seeds. Fresh seeds of Pomegranate and Orange sprouted very quickly - after 12-15 days and developed well (Fig. 2). Over the course of 9 months, observations were made of the growth rate of trees under indoor conditions. In mid-June 2015, the plants were transplanted into open ground, where observations continued.
Hibiscus (after 7 days) Pomegranate (12 days)
Orange (after 15 days) Nightshade (after 25 days)
Rice. 1. Plant shoots
Rice. 2. Friendly growth of plants from fresh seeds on the windowsill
Monitoring plant growth in open ground
The experiment continued in summer period V natural conditions. All observations were carried out on summer cottage(Usolsky district). The grown Pomegranate, Orange and Nightshade plants were planted in open ground, without any additional shelter. The following indicators were studied for plants: survival rate in open ground, growth (growth rate), flowering. All plants shown different results(Table 1). The best results were noted for Nightshade. This plant took root very easily, grew well and produced abundant flowering. Orange was in second place; it had slightly worse flowering compared to Nightshade. Pomegranate showed poor survival rate (after transplantation, the plants had to create more shaded conditions), lack of flowering, but quite good growth in height. At the end of summer, the height of the plants was measured and the total growth was assessed (Table 1). The best results were shown by Nightshade and Orange. In the summer, Nightshade not only bloomed very well, but by the end of August - beginning of September the plants were “hung” with beautiful orange-red berries.
Table 1
Growth parameters ornamental trees in the open ground in summer
On autumn-winter period several plants of each species were transplanted indoors, where the study of their growth characteristics continued (Fig. 3); leaves were collected from the remaining Pomegranate, Orange and Nightshade plants for herbal tea.
Nightshade Orange
Rice. 3. View of trees before transplanting into open ground (a) and after (b)
Seed germination method with Aloe vera juice
Considering that the seeds of several types of palm trees could not germinate, we decided to conduct an experiment on seed germination with a natural biostimulant, which we used Aloe vera juice. The seed germination method was carried out according to the international standard ISO 11269-1. According to the methodology and application of the international standard, wheat seeds were selected. In order for the experiment to be carried out correctly, tested wheat seeds with good germination were taken (Irkutsk winter variety). The effect of Aloe juice, as a growth biostimulator, on seed germination, growth and development of test ornamental trees was experimentally tested. Not everyone knows that Aloe is a good growth biostimulator for other plants, which is due to its beneficial vitamin composition.
The experiment took place in several stages. Its implementation was carried out independently by the author of the work at home (Fig. 4).
Rice. 4. Stages of performing an experiment on germinating seeds with Aloe vera juice ( international standard ISO 11269-1)
Consultations regarding seed germination were held with employees of the Small School Academy on the basis of SIFIBR SB RAS, Irkutsk.
Progress of the experiment
1. Varietal seeds wheat were washed in purified water and 25 pieces were placed in plastic cups with lids (6 pieces).
2. 10 ml of water was added to each glass. Then only 3 cups were separated and 3 drops of fresh Aloe vera juice were added to them. Thus, it turned out that the experiment was carried out in triplicate.
3. The experiment showed that with Aloe vera juice the seeds germinate much better (23-24 seeds out of 25), without juice - worse (21-22 seeds out of 25). After 24 hours, the germinated seeds were transferred to special Petri dishes, where the experiment continued. 5 ml of water was added to the cups. The seeds that were initially treated with Aloe vera juice were kept in separate labeled cups.
4. On the 3rd day of the experiment, the seeds had good roots and the first leaf began to emerge. It was necessary to transfer the sprouted seeds into special, taller cups for their further growth.
5. On the 5th day of the experiment, measurements were taken of the first leaf of plants in computer program(Fig. 5). To do this, the seedlings were removed from the cups and then scanned while maintaining the size of the resulting image. The resulting pictures were transferred to the Corel DRAW graphics program, where the length of the first sheet in mm was measured using a special ruler. The experiment showed that with Aloe vera juice, the length of the first leaf is 1.6 times greater (Table 2). Thus, during the experiment it was proven that Aloe vera juice actually improves seed germination and plant growth.
table 2
Values for measuring the length of the first sheet
Rice. 5. Measuring the length of the first sheet in the computer program Corel DRAW
Experiment to create a liquid biofertilizer based on natural components
The experiments continued and a liquid biofertilizer was made based on natural components. The fertilizer included: vermicompost - a source of organic matter; vermiculite is a source of minerals; birch ash is a source of plant nutrients; Aloe vera juice is a source of vitamins. The composition of the fertilizer has no analogues. When creating it, we were guided by the advice of the staff of the Small School Academy and reading special literature on caring for indoor plants. The experiment was carried out independently by the author of the work (Fig. 6).
Rice. 6. Stages of performing an experiment to create a liquid biofertilizer based on natural components
Progress of the experiment
1. On special scales the following were weighed into separate cups: vermicompost - 20 g; vermiculite - 10 g; birch ash - 1 gr. The work was carried out in duplicate. The components were poured into flasks through a funnel and filled to the mark (200 ml) with purified water. We were guided by the method of preparing soil extracts.
2. The solutions stood for 24 hours, after which they were mixed and filtered. 20 drops of Aloe vera juice were added to each flask.
3. The acidity of the solution was measured. It turned out that the results correspond to pH 7, which characterizes the liquid fertilizer medium as the most favorable for plant growth and development.
At practical application Using this fertilizer, we found that Orange seeds watered with biofertilizer during planting germinate much faster and more smoothly (Fig. 7). However, the fertilizer must be diluted before use. The following dilution showed good results: 1 part fertilizer + 5 parts water. It was also noted that spraying plants with liquid biofertilizer (Fig. 8) increases their growth rate and increases their aesthetics appearance, plant leaves become greener and glossier.
Rice. 7. Planting seeds (a) and plant germination using biofertilizer (b) and without (c)
Rice. 8. Results of treating Orange plants with biofertilizer
Conclusion
Studies have shown that even exotic trees can be grown indoors. It was found that growing exotic trees from seeds is a difficult task, although it is very useful; not everyone dares to do this. Firstly, you need almost limitless patience, and secondly, you need to make an effort, because the seeds and sprouts will need your constant attention. But the result will certainly exceed expectations.
During the experimental part of the work, the following conclusions were obtained:
1. Trees must be replanted in open ground in the summer. Under natural conditions, plants grow well, they bloom profusely, fruits appear, and in the future they tolerate the winter better.
2. Aloe vera juice is a very good biostimulant for seed germination, and plants grown using the juice are healthier and stronger and have better aesthetic characteristics.
3. Biofertilizer, prepared independently based on a complex of natural components (vermicompost, vermiculite, birch ash) and Aloe vera juice, has shown good practical results.
4. Exotic trees from fresh seeds (for example, Orange, Pomegranate, Nightshade), grown both indoors and in open ground, can be used for herbal tea; the leaves of the plants contain a complex of vitamins and have beneficial properties.
Thus, with desire and hard work, you can always grow exotic tree on your windowsill. With proper care of the plant, you can get excellent results. IN ordinary apartment you will have your own “Miracle Tree”. After all, growing plants is a combination of beauty, kindness and benefit. All you need is a little magic in your heart!
Bibliographic link
Shergina A.V. EXPERIENCE IN GROWING EXOTIC TREES (EXPERIMENTS USING ALOE VERA AND CREATION OF BIO-FERTILIZER) // International school scientific bulletin. – 2016. – No. 1. – P. 53-60;URL: http://school-herald.ru/ru/article/view?id=8 (date of access: 04/03/2020).
The purpose of my work– grow an avocado plant at home.
Project product will be an avocado plant.
To achieve this goal I need to solve the following tasks:
- Collect material on the topic.
- Analyze the collected information.
- Collect and prepare seeds for sowing.
- Germinate and plant seeds.
- Observe and record the growth of the plant.
Methods:
- Searching for information on the Internet, in the library.
- Study and analysis of literature.
- Observation, comparison.
- Agrotechnical techniques for growing avocados.
Conclusions:
- Having studied the literature on growing avocados at home, I learned that it is more effective to propagate avocados (Avocado) This can be done vegetatively or by grafting.
- Therefore, I grow two more plants to obtain material for these propagation methods.
- Work on the formation of the avocado plant will continue.
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With the advent of cheap potassium chloride on the market, potassium bichromate began to be produced by the method of exchange decomposition (conversion) of sodium bichromate with potassium chloride. The disadvantage of this method is the production of waste sodium chloride contaminated with bichromate. Ran...
The work is devoted to a current topic - the reproduction of nymph corella parrots in the sharply continental climate of the East Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Parrots of this species are the second most popular species to keep at home after budgerigars...
year 2014
Project name: “Development of a plant from a seed”
Project Manager: Vyzhelevskaya Alla Petrovna
Objective of the project : watch how new plants grow from seeds.
Project objectives:
- Select project participants
- Prepare necessary equipment for the project
- Individually create conditions for plant germination for each project participant.
- Grow your own plant from seed
- Record your observations in a diary
- Draw conclusions on this project
Activities:
- search engine - work with literature and Internet resources about various plants
- creative - developing interest and broadening the horizons of students
- research– monitoring the plants being grown
Object of study:tangerine, tomato
Subject of study:plant growth conditions
Practical output of the project:creation of a collective project
Project implementation timeframe: December 23, 2013 – February 21, 2014
Relevance
The world of plants is amazing and diverse. Every attentive observer and thoughtful researcher can discover something new in it. In the “World around us” lessons we learned about plant growing and the development of plants from seeds. This served as the basis for the creation of our project. In our class, several students expressed a desire to grow their own plant and watch it develop.
Hypothesis
Among the wide variety of plants, there are those that are not so demanding on the length of daylight hours and can grow in artificial conditions. Therefore, we assumed that both tangerine and tomato seeds can be germinated at home.
Project Implementation Plan
- Clarify the growth conditions of tangerine and tomato.
- Sprout the seeds and place them in the soil.
- Observe the development of sprouts.
- Monitor compliance with conditions.
- Keep an observation diary.
- Get the final result.
- Draw a conclusion.
Expected results
It is expected that as a result of the work a project will be created.
4th grade students will show interest and take an active part in searching for materials about plants in order to further develop the project.
The implementation of the project will solve the problems of nurturing an active life position in children and developing a sense of responsibility.
Project implementation
"Development of a plant from a seed"
The project, which was carried out from December 23, 2011 to February 21, 2012, can be described as research. 3 4th grade students took part in the project.
Kovaleva Maria | Kulichkova Irina |
Konopelko Svetlana | Project Manager |
Project implementation stages:
- introduction to the project (December 23, 2013)
- individual work in the project (December 23, 2013 – February 10, 2014)
- registration and presentation of observations in the form of observation diaries (February 16, 20124)
- creation of a collective project (February 21, 2014)
At the first stage The topic of the project was chosen, after discussing the situation, a hypothesis was identified, and project participants were selected.
At the second stage was carried out independent work project participants according to their individual tasks. To find the necessary information, Internet resources and library collections were used.
At the third stage The results of their observations are presented in the form of observation diaries. Project participants shared their observations with the class.
Observation diary of Maria Kovaleva:
I took a dish, a bandage and a tangerine seed. I poured water into a dish and a drop onto the bandage. She wrapped the seed in a bandage and put it in a saucer. 30.12.2013 |
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I bought some soil and poured it into a pot. Then she watered the ground and made 1 cm indentations. Then she planted the seeds there. 31.12.2014 |
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The day after last watering the seed sprouted, but it is still very small, and the second one, unfortunately, broke. 7.01.2014 |
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The sprout has grown and it’s time to water it again. 21.01.2014 |
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The sprout has now grown to a height of 8 cm, and the width of the leaf is 4 cm!!! 10.02.2014 |
Diary of observations of Irina Kulichkova:
I took tangerine seeds and put them in cheesecloth. Then I took a saucer and put gauze with seeds there and filled it with water. |
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Two days have passed. I took the soil and poured it into the pot. Then I watered the soil and made 1cm deep holes in it and planted two seeds there. |
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Exactly three weeks and four days passed. Two small sprouts sprouted in my pot. |
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Now my two sprouts are 5 cm tall and they have small leaves. The sprouts are growing and turning green every day, and I am very happy about it. |
Observation diary of Svetlana Konopelko:
I put 4 tomato seeds in a saucer and covered them with wet gauze. 24.12.2014 |
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I kept the seeds in gauze for one day and then planted them in the soil. I made 4 1cm holes in a small pot, placed the seeds in them and watered them. 25.12.2014 |
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A week later, after watering, a small sprout appeared. 2.01.2014 |
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After the sprouts sprouted, I placed them on the windowsill, closer to the light. I carefully monitored soil moisture and lighting. They grew 5 cm long. 01/20/2014 |
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Every day their length increases. These sprouts can later be planted in the ground at my dacha, and then the fruits can be collected from them. 20.02.2014 |
On final stageThe main attention was paid to the collective analysis of completed cases and the creation of a project.
Project results
Our research has proven that plants, such as tangerine or tomato, are not so demanding on daylight hours and can grow in artificial conditions.
Sources
Literature:
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My grandmother loves to grow indoor plants because... they decorate the apartment and lift your spirits. I help my grandmother plant them and take care of them. Lately we became interested in rare plants. One day I learned from a television program that it is possible to grow from a seed in our region. exotic plant. I wanted to try it myself. I consulted with my grandmother and my teacher, they agreed to help me in this experiment. So experiment and observation, which is integral part of any experiment will be the main methods during the research work.
Hypothesis my work: suppose that at home you can grow not only lemons, dates, but also mangoes from seeds.
We decided to buy dates, mango and lemon. When the fruit was eaten with pleasure, fresh seeds and seeds remained on the palm, just extracted from the ripe pulp, which means they were completely viable and ready to grow. For some reason I believe that they will grow out of them beautiful plants that will take root in the house for many years, and I want to give them this chance.Target: grow plants from mango, lemon and date seeds.
Tasks:
1.Learn to care for plants yourself.
2. Find out as much as possible about the planted plants, study reference literature about them.
3.Develop hard work and endurance.
4. Develop the ability to observe, compare, analyze.
5. Foster a responsible attitude and interest in indoor plants as objects of the surrounding world.Human need for plants is high. Besides decorative effect, the leaves of these plants attract toxins, gases, and dust. They can be grown at least because they have a phytoncidal effect.
Planting
Landing conditions. Soil composition.
Expanded clay drainage. Product of JSC MNPL FART. Firm "Garden of Miracles". Prevents soil acidification. Optimizes moisture and air exchange. Eliminates the appearance of mold and moss on the soil surface. Helps plants endure periods of forced drought. Additive to flower peat soils. The volume of soil in the package is 2 liters. City St. Petersburg, st. Lensovet No. 58.
Nutrient soil "Palm" (fully prepared, neutral). Contains vermicompost. Products of JSC MNPL FART. Firm "Garden of Miracles".
Particularly effective for growing large specimens ornamental plants: palms (date, chamerops and others), ficus, dracaena. Production city St. Petersburg, st. Lensovet No. 58.
Vermicompost-based fertilizer “Ideal”, universal. Origin: liquid fraction of the natural waste product of earthworms. Recommended: for feeding all types of vegetable, fruit, berry, green, flower crops and seedlings, as well as for soaking seeds and rooting cuttings. Production city Moscow.
Remedy for soil pests “Fly-eater”. Used to control soil flies and fungus gnats on indoor plants. Firm "August". Troitsk city, Moscow region.Conclusion: Studying recommendations for planting plants and instructions for use, as well as analyzing the composition of ready-made universal products intended for growing all types of flower crops, is preparatory work before carrying out the growing experiment fruit plants.
