Wind power station from a car generator: assembly and installation instructions. Making an eternal electricity generator 12 volt generator with your own hands

The desire to have an electric generator for your use is overshadowed by one nuisance - this is high cost of the unit. Whatever one may say, the lowest-power models have a fairly exorbitant cost - from 15,000 rubles and above. It is this fact that suggests the idea of ​​creating a generator with your own hands. However, he himself the process can be difficult, If:

• no skill in working with tools and diagrams;
• there is no experience in creating such devices;
• out of stock necessary details and spare parts.

If all this and a great desire are present, then you can try to build a generator, guided by the assembly instructions and the attached diagram.

It is no secret that a purchased electric generator will have a more expanded list of capabilities and functions, while a homemade one can fail and fail at the most inopportune moments. Therefore, whether to buy or do it yourself is a purely individual question that requires a responsible approach.

How does an electric generator work?

The operating principle of the electric generator is based on the physical phenomenon electromagnetic induction. A conductor passing through an artificially created electromagnetic field creates a pulse, which is converted into direct current.

The generator has an engine that is capable of generating electricity by burning a certain type of fuel in its compartments:, or. In turn, the fuel, entering the combustion chamber, produces gas during the combustion process, which rotates the crankshaft. The latter transmits an impulse to the driven shaft, which is already capable of providing a certain amount of output energy.

I decided to show off my generator assembled on a bicycle hub from the rear wheel for everyone to see. I have a dacha on the river bank. It’s very interesting to make homemade products with your own hands for the dacha, so I’ll tell you about my generator.

Often in the summer we spend the night at the dacha with our children and there is no electricity, and I was prompted to build this generator. Actually, this is the second generator. The first one was simpler and weaker. But in the wind the receiver worked. There is no photo of him, I already took him apart. The design was not like that.

All parts of my generator can be found if desired. I took the magnets from burnt-out loudspeakers (bells). These bells hang at train stations and in railway parks equipped with public address systems.

I needed 4 burnt out speakers. I asked the people who service these devices for burnt ones. I took out the magnets and divided them into 16 parts with a grinder. Magnets face each other with one pole.

There are 4 pins on the coil, because I wound 2 wires with a diameter of 1 mm each at once. If you parallel them, the current will increase, and if you connect them in series, the voltage will increase, but the current will correspondingly be less. In general, I achieve the required voltage by experiment.

The coil is wound on a piece of 50 threaded pipe. On one side the cheek is tightened with a nut; on the other, the cheek is welded. And it is attached to an aluminum plate and the plate is already attached to the base. If necessary, you can disassemble and change the coil. The wire is 1 mm cross-section, I didn’t count how many turns.

I’m still thinking about where to adapt this generator, maybe I’ll make the river work.

Manufacturing costs are:

• bicycle hub 250 RUR;
• piece of pipe with nut 70 rub;
• 50 rubles for a welder;
• The wire from old transformers and the strip were given by the same welder.

The generator has magnetic sticking. It takes effort to move. 10 -12 kgf on a 70 mm sprocket. About 3.6 Nm. At low speeds a slight vibration is felt.

I tried to connect a small TV and twisted it with my hands. There wasn't enough speed for the kinescope to turn around. At 1 revolution per second, the generator produces 12 volts 0.8 amperes.

I found an article on the Internet about how to convert a car generator to a permanent magnet generator. Is it possible to use this principle and remake the generator with your own hands from asynchronous electric motor? It is possible that there will be large energy losses due to the wrong arrangement of the coils.

I have an asynchronous type motor with a voltage of 110 volts, speed – 1450, 2.2 amperes, single-phase. I don’t dare to do it with containers homemade generator because there will be big losses.

It is proposed to use simple engines according to this scheme.

If you change an engine or generator with round-shaped magnets from the speakers, do you need to install them in crabs? Crabs are two metal parts, are anchored outside the field coils.

If magnets are placed on a shaft, the shaft will bypass the magnetic power lines. How will there be excitement then? The coil is also located on a metal shaft.

If you change the connection of the windings and make parallel connection, accelerate to speeds above normal values, then it turns out 70 volts. Where can I get a mechanism for such speeds? If you rewind it to lower speeds and lower power, the power will drop too much.

An asynchronous motor with a closed rotor is made of iron, which is filled with aluminum. You can take a homemade generator from a car, which has a voltage of 14 volts and a current of 80 amperes. This is good data. Engine with manifold on alternating current from a vacuum cleaner or washing machine can be used for a generator. Install magnetization on the stator and remove DC voltage from the brushes. According to the highest EMF, change the angle of the brushes. The efficiency tends to zero. But nothing better than a synchronous generator has been invented.

I decided to test a homemade generator. A single-phase asynchronous motor from a small washing machine was turned with a drill. I connected a 4 µF capacitance to it, it turned out 5 volts 30 hertz and a current of 1.5 milliamps for a short circuit.

Not every electric motor can be used as a generator using this method. There are motors with a steel rotor that have a low degree of magnetization on the remainder.

It is necessary to know the difference between electrical energy conversion and energy generation. There are several ways to convert 1 phase into 3. One of them is mechanical energy. If the power station is disconnected from the outlet, then all conversion is lost.

It is clear where the movement of the wire with increasing speed will come from. It is not clear where the magnetic field will come from to produce the EMF in the wire.

It's easy to explain. Due to the magnetism mechanism that remains, an emf is generated in the armature. A current arises in the stator winding, which is shorted to the capacitance.

The current has arisen, which means it gives amplification to the electromotive force on the coils of the rotor shaft. The resulting current increases the electromotive force. The stator electric current produces a much greater electromotive force. This goes until the stator magnetic fluxes and the rotor are in equilibrium, as well as additional losses.

The size of the capacitors is calculated so that the voltage at the terminals reaches the nominal value. If it is small, then reduce the capacity, then increase it. There were doubts about old motors, which supposedly do not excite. After accelerating the rotor of a motor or generator, you need to quickly poke a small amount of volts into any phase. Everything will come in normal condition. Charge the capacitor to a voltage equal to half the capacity. Turn on using a three-pole switch. This applies to a 3-phase motor. This circuit is used for generators of passenger transport cars, since they have a squirrel-cage rotor.

Method 2

A homemade generator can be made in another way. The stator has a clever design (it has a special design solution), and it is possible to adjust the output voltage. I made a generator of this type with my own hands at a construction site. The engine produced 7 kW at 900 rpm. I connected the excitation winding according to a 220 V delta circuit. I started it at 1600 rpm, the capacitors were 3 to 120 uF. They were switched on by a contactor with three poles. The generator acted as a three-phase rectifier. Powered from this rectifier electric drill with a 1000 watt collector, and a 2200 watt circular saw, 220 V, a 2000 watt grinder.

I had to make a soft start system, another resistor with a shorted phase after 3 seconds.

This is not correct for motors with commutators. If you double the rotating frequency, the capacitance will also decrease.

The frequency will also increase. The tank circuit was switched off automatically so as not to use the reactivity torus and not waste fuel.

During operation, you must press the contactor stator. Three phases dismantled them as unnecessary. The reason lies in the high gap and increased field dissipation of the poles.

Special mechanisms with double cage for squirrels and slanted eyes for squirrels. Still, I got 100 volts and a frequency of 30 hertz from the washing machine motor, the 15 watt lamp does not want to light up. Very weak power. It is necessary to take a stronger motor, or install more capacitors.

A generator with a squirrel-cage rotor is used under the cars. Its mechanism comes from a gearbox and a belt drive. Rotation speed 300 rpm. It is located as an additional load generator.

Method 3

You can design a homemade generator, a gasoline-powered power plant.

Instead of a generator, use a 3-phase asynchronous motor of 1.5 kW at 900 rpm. The electric motor is Italian and can be connected with a triangle or a star. First, I placed the motor on a base with a DC motor and attached it to the coupling. I started turning the engine at 1100 rpm. A voltage of 250 volts appeared on the phases. I connected a 1000 watt light bulb, the voltage immediately dropped to 150 volts. This is probably due to phase imbalance. Each phase must have a separate load. Three 300-watt light bulbs will not be able to reduce the voltage to 200 volts, theoretically. You can put a larger capacitor.

The engine speed must be increased and not reduced when under load, then the power supply to the network will be constant.

Significant power is required; an autogenerator will not provide such power. If you rewind a large KAMAZ, then 220 V will not come out of it, since the magnetic circuit will be oversaturated. It was designed for 24 volts.

Today I was going to try connecting the load through a 3-phase power supply (rectifier). They turned off the lights in the garages, but it didn’t work. In the city of power engineers, the power is systematically turned off, so it is necessary to create a source of constant power supply with electricity. There is an attachment for electric welding that is attached to the tractor. To connect electric tool you need a constant voltage source of 220 V. There was an idea to construct a homemade generator with your own hands, and an inverter for it, but you can’t work on batteries for long.

The electricity was recently turned on. I connected an asynchronous motor from Italy. I placed it with the chainsaw motor on the frame, twisted the shafts together, and installed a rubber coupling. I connected the coils according to a star circuit, the capacitors in a triangle, 15 μF each. When I started the motors, there was no power output. I connected a capacitor charged to the phases, and voltage appeared. The engine produced its power of 1.5 kW. At the same time, the supply voltage dropped to 240 volts; at idle it was 255 volts. The grinder operated normally at 950 watts.

I tried to increase the engine speed, but there was no excitement. After the capacitor contacts the phase, voltage appears immediately. I will try to install a different engine.

What system designs are produced abroad for power plants? On 1-phase ones, it is clear that the rotor owns the winding, there is no phase imbalance, because there is one phase. In 3-phase there is a system that allows power adjustment when motors with the highest load are connected to it. You can also connect an inverter for welding.

Over the weekend I wanted to make a homemade generator with my own hands using an asynchronous motor. A successful attempt to make a homemade generator turned out to be connecting an old engine with a cast iron housing of 1 kW and 950 rpm. The motor is excited normally, with one 40 µF capacitance. And I installed three containers and connected them with a star. This was enough to start an electric drill and grinder. I wanted it to produce voltage output on one phase. To do this, I connected three diodes, a half-bridge. The fluorescent lamps for lighting burned out, and the bags in the garage were set on fire. I will wind the transformer into three phases.

Write comments, additions to the article, maybe I missed something. Take a look at, I will be glad if you find anything else useful on mine.

I will show you how to assemble a simple, but quite powerful, 220 volt generator.

Required:

Assembly:

Where can I get the parts?

My experience:

3 W - phone charging
- 5 W - radio receiver
- 7 W - charging and using the tablet
- 10 W - charging camera, flashlight and video camera
- 12 W - energy saving light bulb
- 30 W - music center
- 40 W - laptop
- 70 W - TV (rarely turned on)

I had enough charge for almost a day, after which I pedaled for an hour and I could use electricity again.

If anyone knows other methods for generating electricity at home, please share in the comments.

Do you want to save on payment? utilities? Assemble a wind generator with your own hands from available materials.

Principle of operation

The device consists of a rotor with blades, an electric generator, a mast for installation, inverters, a battery, a charge controller, and wires through which electricity passes. The mast can be with or without guys. Depending on the type of structure, sometimes it can be lowered for maintenance or repair of the device.

Wind generator - a device for converting wind energy into electrical energy

The operation of a wind generator includes 5 main stages:

1. The wind spins the rotor or blades.
2. The connection between the electric generator and the rotor occurs.
3. The generated energy goes first to the charge controller, and then to the battery.
4. It then goes to the inverters and is converted from 12 to 220 Volts (or from 24 to 380 Volts).
5. Electricity is supplied to the network.

Important information: It is advisable to install high-power wind stations in regions where the average wind speed per year is not lower than 5 m/s. Otherwise, the payback period can be compared with the duration of operation.

Specifications

Before determining the need to use a wind generator, you should familiarize yourself with its technical characteristics:

• maximum power - 1500 W;
• voltage - 28 V;
• maximum current - 54 A;
• the maximum noise level in case of correct balancing is less than 57 dB;
• minimum rotation speed - 1200 rpm;
• maximum rotation speed - 4500 rpm.

The weight of the structure head should not exceed 25 kg. This value does not include the weight of the wind wheel and tail.

Wind power from a car generator: advantages and disadvantages

A homemade wind generator can be constructed from:

• electric motor removed from the milling machine;
• rotary part of a screwdriver or drill;
• scooter motor wheels;
• computer cooler;
• washing machine motor;
• car generator.

The last option is used most often because it has a lot of advantages and is also the most affordable for many.

This is interesting: Wind generators are not only economical, but also environmentally friendly designs. They do not require the use of gasoline or other fuel to operate, so they do not pollute the atmosphere with harmful emissions.

Advantages of a wind farm based on a car generator:

• speed of construction;
• cheapness;
• maintainability;
• quiet operation;
• synchronicity (stable voltage is provided);
• possibility of using standard 12 Volt batteries.

As for the disadvantages, there are only three of them:

1. This type of wind generator requires a high speed of up to 2000 rpm, so it is less reliable than specialized devices.
2. The warranty on car generators is about 4000 hours of operation. Given this, it is easy to guess that the wind generator will require annual repairs. However, in this case you won’t have to spend too much money; you can simply replace the device that has failed.
3. Many generators have electromagnetic excitation, which reduces efficiency (about 15% of the energy goes to the excitation coil).

Materials, devices and tools

To make a wind farm, you need:

• car generator;
• metal bucket or pipes (for making blades);
• acid or gel battery;
• battery charging relay and charge indicator lamp;
• the box in which the wires will be connected;
• wire or clamps (for securing to the generator mast);
• four bolts with nuts;
• 12 Volt switch button;
• wires (cross section - 4 mm²);
• wire cutters, screwdriver, wrench, drill.

How to make a wind generator with your own hands

Creating a windmill from a car generator involves several steps.:

1. The rotor is being manufactured. To make it, you can use an ordinary bucket, which is cut into 4 equal blades lengthwise, without cutting to the end. One hole is drilled on each part of the bottom. The same thing is done on the generator. It is important that symmetry is precisely maintained to avoid imbalance. Blades can also be cut from PVC pipes using a ready-made template. They are then attached to metal disk bolts.
   The edges of the blades are ground, which gives the device an aesthetic appearance and reduces noise during operation
2. The rotor is attached to the generator with bolts.
   The bolts must be tightly tightened to ensure the reliability of the structure.
3. The wires are connected to the generator, and then the electrical circuit is assembled in the box.
   To operate the wind generator, wires with a cross section of 4 mm² are used
4. The remaining elements are attached to the mast. The rotor is attached to the mast using bolts or by welding
5. The battery is connected to the circuit.

Wires are connected to the resulting structure, which lead to devices that consume energy (alarm, street lighting And so on). If there is a need, as additional element You can install a voltage converter.

Video: Windmill from a car generator

Installation Rules

It is recommended to install the windmill at a relatively long distance from the house and other structures (20 meters or more). It is advisable to choose an open space for this. In addition, take into account the density of the soil: the length of the wedges intended for stretching the mast, as well as the material for their manufacture, depends on it. If the soil is soft, you need to select a more massive and longer wedge than in the case of hard soil. They must be used at least three. Ideal option which will ensure the greatest reliability is the arrangement of four wedges.

Stretching methods are selected taking into account the length of the mast and the condition of the soil. For tall structures, which are installed on soft ground, more demands are placed on the wedges strict requirements.

The mast is lowered into the soil to a depth of 0.5 meters or lower, the guy fastenings are concreted, since the soil tends to be loose after rain. This feature can cause them to weaken and pose a risk of the entire structure falling.

If the mast does not lower, then it is necessary to provide a device for lifting to the main elements of the wind generator, which will allow for its maintenance. The means for lifting to a height should be secured to the mast, because it should ensure reliability and convenience during repair work. It is necessary to understand that wind speeds can be high, and therefore it is recommended to build a platform with a welded ladder.

Important information: It is forbidden to approach the blades until they come to a complete stop.

As for the height of the mast, it should be 10 meters higher than the highest obstacle, which is located within a radius of 100 meters.

During operation of the wind generator, it is better to follow these recommendations:

• periodically inspect the bolt connections at the points where the mast is attached to the generator and the foundation;
• Lubricate the bearings of the rotary device and the generator;
• check wheel balancing;
• Check the insulation condition of electrical equipment once every six months or more often.

Thanks to a wind generator, you can save on electricity bills. It is easy to use and maintain, does not create much noise, but is not protected from hurricanes.