The most common plants of fresh water bodies. Swamp perennial herbaceous plant of the aroid family Plants along river banks
AIR, IR
(?). A marsh plant from the araceae family, native to Asia, its rhizome, under the name “iry root”, is used in medicine.
Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. - Chudinov A.N., 1910 .
(Turk. genus of perennial herbaceous plants family. aroids, growing along the banks of rivers and lakes; The rhizome (irg root) contains essential oil used in the perfumery and confectionery industries, as well as in medicine.
New dictionary of foreign words. - by EdwART,, 2009 .
[Turkic ] – perennial herbaceous marsh plant from the araceae family; rhizome, so-called calamus root, used in medicine and perfumery
Big dictionary foreign words.- Publishing house "IDDK", 2007 .
Air A, m. (tour. agir Greek akoros).
bot A perennial herbaceous plant growing along the banks of rivers and lakes; Calamus root contains essential oil.
Explanatory dictionary of foreign words by L. P. Krysin. - M: Russian language, 1998 .
Synonyms:
See what "AIR" is in other dictionaries:
AIR is the family of the first aircraft of Alexander Sergeevich Yakovlev. Named in honor of the Chairman of the Central Council of Osoaviakhim Alexey Ivanovich Rykov. For 1927 1933 10 types of aircraft were created from AIR 1 to AIR 10. As well as a family of asynchronous... ... Wikipedia
AIR- autonomous spark gap marked AIR Dictionary: Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations of the army and special services. Comp. A. A. Shchelokov. M.: AST Publishing House LLC, Geleos Publishing House CJSC, 2003. 318 p. AIR Example of using AIR 140 AIR... ...
Designation of aircraft created by A. S. Yakovlev in 1927 1937. At the beginning of Yakovlev’s activity as an aircraft designer, the practice of assigning some aircraft individual names, including the names of prominent government officials... ... Encyclopedia of technology
AIR-- autonomous spark gap marked AIR Dictionary: Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations of the army and special services. Comp. A. A. Shchelokov. M.: AST Publishing House LLC, Geleos Publishing House CJSC, 2003. 318 p. AIR Example of using AIR 140... Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations
AIR Encyclopedia "Aviation"
AIR- AIR designation of aircraft created by A. S. Yakovlev in 192737. At the beginning of Yakovlev’s activity as an aircraft designer, the practice of assigning individual names to some aircraft, including the names of prominent... ... Encyclopedia "Aviation"
See Incense reed (calamus) ... Brockhaus Biblical Encyclopedia
AIR, calamus, plural. no, husband (bot.). Swamp plant with long leaves. “Who steers an oar so deftly through calamus and kupir?” A.K. Tolstoy. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
A calamus, calamus m. A perennial herbaceous plant of the araceae family, the rhizome of which, the calamus root, contains essential oil used in pharmacology, in the perfumery and confectionery industries. Ephraim's explanatory dictionary. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova
- (Acorus), a genus of perennial grasses of the family. aronnikov. The leaves (up to 1 m long) are xiphoid, the rhizome is thick, creeping. The flowers are collected into a spadix. Blooms from early summer to autumn. Propagated vegetatively by rhizomes. 2 species widespread in... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary
Books
- Revelations of a polyglot corporal of the missile army of the sixties, V.V. Sorokin. In this book, the author of which is a polyglot translator and teacher foreign languages– in a simple and entertaining way tells how quite instructive and intellectually challenging...
- Kolyma expedition through the eyes of an amateur (diary of someone who wanted to get involved in geology), V.V. Sorokin. The book, presented in the form of a diary, tells in a simple and concise form about a typical summer geological season, which the author experienced himself, spending about six months in...
marsh plant
Medicinal plant of the arum family
Perennial herbaceous medicinal plant growing along the banks of rivers and lakes
A perennial herbaceous plant of the araceae family, the rhizome of which - calamus root - contains essential oil used in pharmacology, in the perfumery and confectionery industries
Plateau in the south of the Sahara
Genus of perennial herbs of the arum family
Tatarnik
Illy root
Medicinal root
Essential oil plant sticking out in tufts of leaves from the grass
Medicinal plant
A tincture from the roots of this plant helps against baldness.
Grass with sword-shaped leaves
Essential oil plant
Healing plant
Swamp tartar
Healing root
Herb with healing root
essential oil plant
Medicinal root
Ethereal grass in the swamp
Aquatic ether-bearing grass
Irna spine
Ethereal herb
Healing root
aroid plant
Medicinal plant
Swamp Ethereal Grass
fragrant root
Plant
Plane in honor of Rykov
Coastal Essential Oil Supplier
Swamp Essential Oil Supplier
Healing herb
Swamp root
Medicinal coastal herb Tatarnik
Medicinal herb tartar
Healing root from the swamp
Genus of perennial herbaceous plants of the araceae family
Swamp Ginger
Tatar potion
Medicinal ginger root
Genus of perennial herbs of the arum family
A perennial herb of the araceae family (mystery root, used in medicine and perfumery)
Anagram for the word "Ira"
M. marsh plant from the arum family, Aconis calamus; ir, iris, Tatar cinquefoil, pishchalka, lepekha, lepeshnik (erroneously lyre); Flame root, spicy and bitter, goes to pharmacies
A jumble of letters from the word “Ira”
Typology and vegetation of swamps
Swamp- an excessively moist area of land on which undecomposed organic matter accumulates. They are formed as a result of waterlogging of the soil or overgrowing of water bodies. The main processes that create a swamp are weak exchange of oxygen and ions minerals in still water, slow decomposition of organic matter in an anaerobic and, as a rule, acidic environment (pH – 5), accumulation of plant detritus.
In swamps, moisture-loving vegetation develops, the basis of which is hygrophyte plants that can well tolerate excess water in the soil.
With a general high water content, different swamps are not the same in terms of the provision of plants with mineral nutrition elements.
This feature is primarily taken into account when classifying swamps. There are three main types of swamps: riding, lowland And transitional.
Raised bogs arise as a result of swamping of land (in the place of forests, meadows) in conditions of weak evaporation of water and the presence of a waterproof layer of soil, when water bodies are overgrown and covered with peat and in the place of low-lying swamps.
Raised bogs are characterized by extreme soil poverty in nutrients available to plants.
Because of this they are also called oligotrophic. The vegetation cover here develops on a more or less thick (1–10 m) layer of peat, which is highly saturated with water and contains few minerals.
Swamps of this type are moistened only by precipitation. Therefore, the floristic composition of upland swamps is much poorer compared to downstream swamps.
A characteristic feature of raised bogs is a continuous light green carpet of sphagnum mosses.
Few species of herbaceous plants, shrubs and shrubs grow on it, although some of them develop en masse (blueberries and lingonberries); blueberries also grow in swampy coniferous forests. In some places there are trees, but they are almost exclusively Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) other tree species are rare.
Pine grows very poorly under these conditions, has a very depressed appearance, and often takes on the form of a bush.
Among the most common herbaceous plants of raised bogs one can name cotton grass ( Eriophorum vaginatum), which forms rather dense hummocks, round-leaved sundew ( Drosera rotundifolia), remarkable for its ability to catch small insects, cloudberry ( Rubus chamaernorus), some sedges – marsh sedge ( Carex limosa) and spherical ( C.
Cranberries are typical among shrubs and shrubs ( Oxycoccus palustris), blueberry ( Vaccinium uliginosum), wild rosemary ( Ledum palustre), bog myrtle ( Chamaedaphne calyculata), common podbel ( Andromeda polyfolia). Podbel and bog myrtle live only in raised bogs and are not found in other types of vegetation.
Marsh shrubs and shrubs are characterized by a combination of hydro- and xeropeat structural features.
They are also characteristic of a number of marsh grasses (wort vaginalis, etc.). This may be the result of a violation of the water regime, especially in spring period, when the air is already sufficiently warmed up and the temperature of the substrate is low, since the sphagnum cover and peat conduct heat poorly and thawing occurs slowly, the xeropeat characteristics of the inhabitants of the swamps are also explained by the poverty of mineral nutrition, especially nitrogen and phosphorus.
The raised bog is also inhabited by green mosses: Aulacomnia bog ( Aulacomnium palustre), cuckoo flax straight (Polytrichum strictum) and others, but their role is usually small.
On the higher parts of the swamp you can find lichens (cladonia species).
Lowland marshes occur in lower parts of the relief, where excess water accumulates and swamping of the territory occurs. The accumulation and stagnation of moisture is facilitated by the presence of groundwater close to the soil surface, the presence of clays that are poorly permeable to water, water-resistant limestone, high air humidity, and low evaporation, which can occur at low temperatures.
The swamping of new land areas is influenced by existing swamp areas, the creation of dams, and deforestation through logging and fire, when powerfully transpiring plants, such as trees, are removed. Swamps appear near the exits groundwater to the surface.
Lowland swamps differ sharply from highland ones in that the soil here is rich in mineral nutrients.
These swamps are among eutrophic.
Eutrophic plants, which are very demanding of soil fertility, are common in lowland swamps. The species composition of the flora here is incomparably richer than in the raised bogs. There are especially many herbaceous plants, most of them relatively large and tall.
They usually form dense thickets. There are various shrubs and trees. The soil often has a developed cover of moisture-loving hypnotic(Not sphagnum) mosses. Lowland bogs are sometimes called grass-hypnum bogs.
The main herbaceous plants of this type of swamps are common reed ( Phragmites communis), some large sedges, such as bladderwort ( Carex vesicaria), turfy ( C.
caespitosa), pointed ( C. acutiformis); meadowsweet ( Filipendula ulmaria), broadleaf cattail ( Typha latfolia), marsh cinquefoil ( Comarum palustre), manna floating ( Glyceria fluitans), umbrella susak ( Butomus umbelaltus), buttercup ( Ranunculus flammula), river gravilate ( Geum rivale), common loosestrife ( Lysimachia vulgaris), species of hedgehog. Horsetail is often found, and cuckoo flax is a moss species.
Among the bushes it is necessary to name various types willows, such as ash willow ( Salix cinerea), eared ( S. aurita). Among the trees, black alder is especially characteristic ( Alnus glutinosa), but there are also some others. All plants of lowland swamps are typical hygrophytes. Grassy swamps are often practically difficult to distinguish from waterlogged meadows, with which they are often connected by numerous transitions.
Swamps third type , transitional, in terms of soil richness they occupy an intermediate position between upland and lowland.
They can occupy very different positions in the relief (from watershed to low river terraces). Their surface is flat. Most often they are located on the outskirts of raised bogs, expand the territory of the swamp and in the further development are replaced by raised bogs. But transitional swamps may not change into another type and persist for a long time. This mesotrophic swamps. Their vegetation is of a transitional nature.
A cover of sphagnum mosses is often developed, and against its background there are plants characteristic of lowland swamps. From shrubs and shrubs - cranberries ( Oxycoccus palustris), blueberry( Vaccinium uliginosum), wild rosemary ( Ledum palustre), bog myrtle ( Chamaedaphne calyculata), from trees – Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris), downy birch ( Betula pubescens).
The sedge family ( Sureaceae).
Let's look at the main characteristics of this family.
Family Sedgeaceae ( Sureaceae)
The family unites wind-pollinated plants, which are morphologically close to cereals.
However, unlike cereals with hollow straws and swollen internodes, sedges have predominantly triangular stems, without swollen nodes, non-hollow, three-row leaves (rather than two-row), formed mainly in the lower part of the stem. In addition, the vaginas of sedges are always closed.
Most sedges are hygrophytes, living in swamps, wet meadows and coastal aquatic habitats.
However, among them there are species that grow in arid conditions - early sedge( Carex raecox), clove( C. caryophyllea), mountain( S. montana). A whole series species of sedges are part of forest communities - spiny sedge ( S. muricata), hairy ( S. pilosa), forest ( S. sylvatica) etc. There are also mountain tundra, saline and even desert species.
Inconspicuous sedge flowers are collected in spikelets, forming complex inflorescences: spike-shaped, paniculate, umbellate, capitate.
Flowers are bisexual (with perianth in the form of bristles, hairs, or no perianth at all) and unisexual (plants can be monoecious or dioecious).
In the largest genus of the family (and one of the largest flowering genera), sedge (more than 2000 species), unisexual flowers are greatly reduced. The male flower consists of three stamens sitting in the axil of the covering scales (Fig. 8.). The female flower, also sitting in the axil of the covering scales, is represented by a pistil enclosed in a special formation - a bag resembling a jug with a narrow neck.
Part of the style with stigmas emerges from the neck. As a rule, sedges are monoecious.
In the temperate zone, lake reed is widespread ( Scirpus lacustris) is a tall (up to 2.5 m) plant. The assimilating organs of the reed are the stems, and it reproduces mainly vegetatively with the help of long rhizomes. Together with other coastal aquatic plants reeds perform an important function biological treatment water.
It is one of the main peat formers. Reed stems are used to make wickerwork and also as packaging material. People often mistakenly call another plant reed - cattail ( Typha).
This genus with characteristic elongated brown “cones” belongs to a completely different family - Typhaceae.
Types of cotton grass( Eriophorum) are common swamp plants. The cotton grass perianth consists of numerous silky hairs, which after flowering lengthen and the spikelets take on the appearance of fluffy heads of snow-white or reddish color.
Swampweed, widespread throughout the globe ( Eleocharis) lives in shallow waters, shallows, the banks of reservoirs, and grassy swamps.
One of its species is sweet marshwort, or water chestnut ( E. dulcis) - cultivated in Southeast Asia as food plant(they use sweet tuberous formations on its rhizomes).
Another cultivated food plant from the family is the edible chickweed, or chufa ( Cyperus esculentus), cultivated in Mediterranean countries. Its “tubers” are rich not only in sugar and starch, but also in oil. Full brown( Cyperus fuscus) is a typical pioneer plant that inhabits coastal shallows.
8. Sedges ( Sureaceae )
a – flowers (1 – cotton grass – Eriophorum, 2 – reeds – Scirpus, 3 – satiate – Cyperus,
4 – sedge – Carex); b – vesicular sedge – Carex vesicaria(1 – flowering shoot,
2 – female flower – general view and section).
Progress of the lesson:
Excursion and preparation of excursion materials. Pay attention to the life expectancy of aquatic, coastal and marsh plants, methods of overwintering and vegetative regeneration, the anatomical structure of stems and leaves.
2. During the examination of a specific swamp, find out its type and the associated flora features.
The ecological features of trees, shrubs, grasses and mosses growing in swamps are considered, hygrophytes and swamp xerophytes (ledum, cranberry, etc.) are highlighted. Adaptations of marsh plants to the lack of available nitrogen in the soil: symbiosis with microorganisms, insectivorous plants (sundews, etc.).
3. Make a list of aquatic, coastal and marsh plants of the practice area, and, if possible, get acquainted with some lower aquatic plants - algae (their differences from higher ones).
Identification and herbarization of plants.
5. Morphological description of typical representatives (work in groups).
6. Individual work.
7. Preparation of micropreparations of the most typical plants of a given phytocenosis and drawings and diagrams of micropreparations in the diary.
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Marsh perennial herbaceous plant of the araceae family
small shrub growing on slopes, thickets of bush birch
sphagnum bogs in the north of European Russia
sphagnum peat bogs in the north of European Russia and Western Siberia
sphagnum peat bogs
swamps in northern Russia
mossy peat bogs in the North
impenetrable riverine thickets on rivers in Central Asia
Russian film director, director of the films “Sunday Night”, “Point of Light”, “People in the Swamp”
genus of lichen - small gray bushes growing in the tundra and peat bogs, reindeer moss
Lernaean (Greek hydra water serpent) in ancient Greek mythology - a monstrous nine-headed snake that lived in the Lernaean swamp in the Peloponnese
“he cries in the swamp, but doesn’t leave the swamp” (riddle)
hillock on a damp meadow, swamp
"fulcrum" in the swamp
tubercle in the swamp
grass in the swamp
grass growing in a swamp
These words were also found in the following queries:
Sem. Equisetaceae – Equisetaceae
Equisetum marsh – Equisetum palustre
Sem. Poa (grasses) – Poaceae (Gramineae)
Short-tailed foxtail – Alopecurus aequalis
Sem. Sedges – Cyperaceae
Hairy sedge – Carex hirta
Cotton grass vaginalis – Eriophorum vaginatum
P. latifolia – E.latifolium
multi-spike – E. polystachyon
Sem. Irrigaceae – Iridaceae
Yellow Iris – Iris pseudacorus
Sem. Willow – Salicaceae
Silver poplar – Populus alba
Aspen – Populus tremula
black (sedge) – P. nigra
Willow five-stamen - Salix pentandra
I. brittle – S. fragilis
I. white – S. alba
I. purple – S. purpurea
I. Russian – S. rossica
I. goat - S. caprea
Sem. Birch — Betulaceae
Birch is low - Betula humilis
Sticky alder (O.
black) – Alnus glutinosa
gray – A. incana
Sem. Cloves – Caryophyllaceae
Swamp chickweed – Stellaria palustris
Sem. Ranunculaceae – Ranunculaceae
Marsh marigold – Caltha palustris
Simple basil - Thalictrum simplex
Burning buttercup - Ranunculus flamula
L. poisonous - R. sceleratus
L. creeping – R. repens
Sem. Brassicas (cruciferous) – Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)
Marsh geranium - Rorippa palustris
amphibian – R.amphibia
The core is bitter - Cardamine amara
Sem. Sundews – Droseraceae
Sundew rotundifolia – Drosera rotundifolia
R. English – D. anglica
Sem. Saxifraga – Saxifragaceae
Swamp saxifrage – Saxifraga hirculus
Pink – Rosaceae
Meadowsweet - Filipendula ulmaria
Potentilla erecta - Potentilla erecta
Sem. Geraniums – Geraniaceae
Swamp geranium – Geranium palustre
Sem. Buckthorn – Rhamnaceae
Alder buckthorn – Frangula alnus
Sem. Fireweed – Onagraceae
Hairy fireweed - Epilobium hirsutum
Slanoberry - Haloragaceae
Uru spica - Myriophyllum spicatum
Sem. Celery (umbrella) – Apiaceae (Umbelliferae)
Water maker - Oenanthe aquatica
Vekh (hemlock) poisonous – Cicuta virosa
Angelica officinalis – Archangelica officinalis
Latifolia latifolia – Sium latifolia
Marsh gorichnik – Peucedanum palustre
Ericaceae – Ericaceae
Common marsh myrtle – Chamaedaphne calyculata
Podbel polyfolia (Andromeda) – Andromeda polyfolia
Swamp cranberry (K. four-petalled) – Oxycoccus palustre
K. small-fruited - O. microcarpa
Primroses – Primulaceae
Common loosestrife - Lysimachia vulgaris
Sem. Borage - Boraginaceae
Forget-me-not swamp - Myosotis palustris
Lamiaceae – Lamiaceae (Labiata)
European zyuznik – Lycopus europaeus
Common skull cap - Scutellaria galericulata
Swamp chist - Stachis palustris
Norichnikovye – Scrophulariaceae
Veronica in-line – Veronica beccabunga
V. key – V. anagallis-aquatica
Rubiaceae – Rubiaceae
Marsh bedstraw – Galium palustre
P. marshy – G. uliginosum
Sem. Asteraceae (Asteraceae) – Asteraceae (Compositae)
The line is drooping - Bidens cernua
Marsh dry grass – Gnaphalium uliginosum
Test questions for the excursion to the swamp.
1. Why does soil waterlogging occur?
Define “swamp biocenosis”.
3. What features of sphagnum moss cause the formation of a peat layer?
4. How to explain the ability of sphagnum moss to hold large amounts of water and retain it easily?
Why does the temperature in a peat bog decrease as the depth of the hole increases?
6. Why does decomposition of plant residues not occur in a peat bog?
7. What are the most important morphological characteristics mosses using the example of cuckoo flax and sphagnum?
8. What components are included in peat, besides mosses?
9. Is it possible to determine its origin by the color of peat?
10. What general features are observed in the microstructure of the vegetative organs of marsh plants?
How can we explain the presence of air-bearing tissue in many swamp plants?
12. What signs of underground organs ensure life in a swamp for herbaceous plants?
Why are the leaves of many marsh plants pubescent and curved on the underside?
14. Do blueberry and lingonberry shoots grown in a swamp differ in appearance and size of annual growth from those living in a coniferous forest?
Due to what reasons do swamp plants have small annual growth, small height and size compared to plants of other phytocenoses?
16. Why did insectivorous marsh plants develop such a feeding method?
17. How to determine the age of a sundew?
18. Why do cattails help drain the swamp?
What practical significance do peat bogs have?
20. Which of the shrubs and shrubs found in the swamp are evergreen and which are summer green?
21. What are the most significant differences between the leaves of evergreen and summergreen shrubs and shrubs?
22. What is the manifestation of oppression of pine and other woody plants (birch, willow) grown in a swamp? (Shape of the trunk and crown, annual shoots, their length, branching, number and size of leaves on individual shoots, etc.)
Read also:
marsh plants
A swamp is a community of perennial plants that can grow in conditions of abundant moisture from flowing or standing water. IN swamp soil contains little oxygen, and often nutrients (mineral salts) that plants need.
There are different types swamps There are sphagnum swamps (they are also called peat bogs).
Among the plants there, sphagnum moss predominates, and there are swamps where sedges predominate. Other herbs also grow with them. These swamps are called grassy (or lowland). Swamps, where you can find not only perennial grasses and mosses, but also many trees and shrubs, are called forest swamps.
In a meadow, in a forest, along the banks of rivers and lakes, along the road there are often areas with increased content water in the soil.
Plants adapted to life in waterlogged conditions also settle here.
Swamps are usually divided into three types: lowland, raised and transitional. The share of lowland swamps accounts for 50% of the area of all swamps in the region, upland swamps - 26%, transitional swamps - 19%, swamps mixed type - 5%.
There are more than 600 lowland swamps in the region. They are usually found in river floodplains. Their surface is moistened by waters rich in mineral salts; The degree of decomposition and ash content of peat are the highest here.
A characteristic feature of low-lying swamps is the good development of herbaceous vegetation - sedge, watchwort, rush grass, horsetail, cinquefoil, marsh marigold, alternate-leaved spleenwort, chastuha, whitewing, etc. Green mosses occupy a significant place in the ground cover. Woody vegetation is mainly represented by alder, willow, and sometimes birch and spruce. The main groups of associations of lowland bogs are spruce forests, birch forests, alder forests and grass-marsh willow forests (sedge, shift, horsetail, etc.).
The number of species of medicinal plants in lowland swamps rarely exceeds 5, of which commercial thickets are most typical for alder and alder.
Raised bogs are most often located on watersheds. The water reserves in them are replenished by precipitation, so the peat here is poor in mineral salts, with a relatively low degree of decomposition and low ash content.
There are 278 raised bogs in the region. The dominant plants of raised bogs are sphagnum mosses, which have a high moisture capacity. Another characteristic plant of raised bogs is low growing pine. Also often found here are wild rosemary, Cassandra, andromeda, blueberry, swamp cranberry, black crowberry, cloudberry, round-leaved sundew, cotton grass, marsh Scheuchzeria, Naumburgia, and various sedges.
The main groups of raised bog associations are represented by dwarf shrub-sphagnum pine forests, treeless dwarf shrub-cotton grass-sphagnum and cotton grass-sedge-sphagnum communities.
Transitional swamps occupy an intermediate position between upland and lowland. They are moistened both by precipitation and by spring and running waters. The characteristic plants of transitional swamps are: in the upper tier - pine and birch with an admixture of spruce and alder; in the ground cover - green and sphagnum mosses; in the grassy ravine there are sedges, cinquefoil, vakhta, naumburgia, and in some places cranberries, blueberries, and lingonberries.
Associations of transitional swamps are represented by pine and birch forests, sedge-sphagnum and cotton grass-sedge-sphagnum treeless communities.
Some, especially large, bogs have a mixed character of peat deposits and vegetation. One part of them consists of the upland type, the other - the transitional or lowland type. Such swamps have all the plant associations characteristic of each type, containing up to 10 species of medicinal plants in one swamp.
Typical plants of lowland swamps
Marsh sedge
(Carex limosa L.) sedge family
Long-rhizomatous perennial with adventitious roots having reddish-golden root hairs.
Stems are 20-50 cm tall, at the base with whole reddish-brown scale-like leaves and leaf-bearing sheaths.
Leaf blades are 1-2 mm wide, grayish-green, usually shorter than the stem. An inflorescence of 2-4 more or less closely spaced spikelets, the top of which is staminate, up to 3 cm long, the rest are pistillate, on thin long stalks, elliptical, drooping.
The covering leaf of the lower spikelet without a sheath or with a short sheath, up to 4 mm long, is grooved, usually not exceeding the inflorescence. The covering scales of pistillate flowers are pointed or wedge-shaped, longer than the sacs, approximately equal in width, pale or reddish brown, sometimes lighter in the middle. The sacs are 4-5 mm long, elliptical, gray, covered with papillae, with veins, on a very short stalk, sharply narrowed at the top, almost without a spout. Blooms in May-June, bears fruit in June-July.
A common type of sphagnum bogs, also found in swampy coniferous forests, along peaty banks of reservoirs, and on rafting grounds.
Three-leaf watch
(Menyanthes trifoliata L.) shift family
The rhizome is long, thick, creeping, rising in the upper part and bearing alternate trifoliate leaves on long (17-30 cm) petioles, with elliptical segments 3-10 (15) cm long and 1.5-3 (7) cm wide.
The stem is leafless, flowers are in a raceme at its apex. Calyx 2-3 mm long. The corolla is white or pale pink, 10-15 mm long, incised halfway or deeper, fringed-hairy on the inside. The capsule is ovoid, pointed, 7-8 mm long.
The seeds are smooth, somewhat compressed. Blooms in summer.
Three-leaf watch. Photo: Frank Vassen
Tripartite sequence
(Bidens tripartita L.) Asteraceae family
Stems are erect, branched. Leaves 3-5 are dissected, with toothed segments.
There are 5-8 outer leaves. There are no false-lingulate flowers. Achenes are wedge-shaped, flattened, with 2 awns; sometimes 3-4 awns develop, but then they are covered with cones. It blooms in summer and autumn.
In damp meadows, banks of water bodies, wastelands and as a weed in crops. A medicinal plant distributed throughout the country.
Pepper Knotweed
(Polygonum hydropiper L.) buckwheat family
The stem is branched.
The leaves are lanceolate, the lower leaves have short petioles, the upper leaves are sessile, all sharp, smooth. The flowers are greenish or pink, in sparse, interrupted spikes. The perianth is 4- or 5-leafed, covered on the outside with a mass of turned glands. Stamens 6-8. The nuts are triangular, brown. Blooms in summer and autumn. It usually grows along the banks of fresh water bodies, ditches, roads, and grassy swamps.
A spicy, medicinal and dyeing plant with a characteristic pungent peppery taste.
Swamp whitewing
(Calla palustris L.) araceae family
The rhizome is long, thick, jointed. The leaves are long-petiolate, heart-shaped, pointed, shiny. The peduncle is approximately equal in length to the leaves. The spathe is flat, with a pointed top, one-sided, and during flowering the inside is snow-white.
Flowers without perianth, small, bisexual. There are 6 stamens, rarely more. The ovary is unilocular, with a sessile stigma. The fruit is red berries with abundant mucilage surrounding the seeds; collected in a short thick cob. Blooms in the first half of summer.
Horsetail
(Equisetum palustre L.
) horsetail family
Perennial plant 10-40 cm tall. The stem is jointed, with hollow internodes.
Marsh perennial herbaceous plant of the araceae family
The leaves are reduced to small scale-like teeth, fused into toothed sheaths enclosing the bases of the internodes. It has a long rhizome, on which nodules filled with starch often form. Stems are 3-4 mm in diameter, sharply angular-furrowed, usually branched. Sheaths with 5-8 broadly lanceolate, black-brown or black teeth. Spore-bearing and vegetative shoots are almost identical, always green. The spikelets are usually solitary; rarely, spikelets are found on lateral branches.
In this case, the lower branches can reach the same height as the upper ones. Distributed throughout Russia. It grows along the banks of reservoirs, in swamps and marshy meadows. One of the most poisonous horsetails.
Alder sticky or black
(Alnus glutinosa L.) birch family
Tree up to 35 meters tall, often multi-stemmed.
The bark is dark brown, young shoots are reddish or olive-brown. The leaves are round or obovate, crenate-toothed, notched at the apex. Dark green, glossy, sticky when blooming. Anther catkins are terminal, collected in racemes of 3-5, pendulous. Women's earrings are “cones”.
Collected in groups of 3-5 on legs that are usually longer than them. Nuts with a leathery, very narrow wing, reddish-brown, flattened, up to 2.5 mm. Blooms in April. The seeds ripen in September-October. Spreads by seeds. Lives up to 100 years. Nodules containing nitrogen-fixing actinomycetes are developed on the roots. Distributed in all areas Central Russia. Forms extensive frequent plantings in low-lying, often flooded swamps (alder swamps), as well as along rivers and forest streams.
Lady's slipper
(Cypripedium calceolus L.) orchid family
A genus of plants from the orchid family, characteristic of the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere.
About 20 species of herbaceous plants with large single flowers at the tops of the stems. The two outer petals are fused almost to the top, the lip is swollen in the shape of a shoe, with two lobes at the base. In the forests of Russia and Western Europe found: Lady's slipper yellow (C.
Calceolus L.) with red-brown flowers and a yellow lip, V. b. red (C. macranthum Sw.) - blood-red flowers and V. b. speckled (C. guttatum Sw.) with green and purple petals with white spots.
Typical plants of raised bogs
Naumburgia racemosaceae
(Naumburgia thrirsiflora Rchb.)
Grass 25-40 cm high.
The rhizome is long, creeping, with shoots. Stems are erect, reddish pubescent or almost glabrous. The leaves are sessile, opposite, less often whorled, 5-10 cm long and 0.5-2.5 cm wide. The flowers are small in dense axillary racemes. The lobes of the calyx and corolla include 6-7 pieces, less often 5. The corolla is yellow with red-brown dots, 5-6 mm long.
Blooms in summer.
Cotton grass
(Eriophorum polystachyon L.) sedge family
Perennial with an elongated horizontal rhizome.
The stem is 20-70 cm tall. Leaf blades are 3-5 mm wide, bluish-green, usually grooved at the bottom, with a long trihedron at the top; all leaves have a tongue in the form of a narrow filmy strip. Spikelets number 3-7, on drooping smooth or rough peduncles, 10-15 mm long during flowering, and 3.5-4 cm long during fruiting.
The covering scales are brownish-gray or reddish, usually white-membranous at the edges and on top. Anthers 3-5 mm long. The fruits are 2.5-3 mm long and up to 1 mm wide, almost black, glossy.
Blooms in May-June, bears fruit in June-July.
Shiksha Siberian
(Empetrum sibiricum V.Vassil.) Family of cactus.
Low creeping shrub, highly branched from the base. The bark of old branches is red-brown; young branches are elongated, covered with curly hairs and sessile glands. Leaves are 5 - 7 mm long, narrow-linear, alternate or false whorled-close, loosely located, directed downward, wrinkled when dry, slightly shiny, almost matte, young leaves with glands along the edge on noticeable legs.
The flowers are small, solitary, in the leaf axils at the tops of the branches, three-dimensional, with several bracts, unisexual or bisexual. The fruit is a black spherical drupe, about 5 mm in diameter, with 6 - 9 seeds.
Grows in humid forests, bushes and sphagnum bogs. Distribution: Central Siberian Plateau, Sayan Mountains, Sayano-Baikal region, Baikal Highlands, Dauria in the basin of the lower Argun and Shilka rivers, the river basin. Gazimur.
Pemphigus vulgare
(Utricularia vulgaris L.) bladderwort family
A plant with stems up to 1 m long immersed in water.
Trapper bubbles up to 3.5 mm long sit on green leaves. The leaves are repeatedly pinnately dissected, up to 5 cm long, arranged spirally. Leaf lobules and outer segments with cilia. Corolla 12-22 mm in diameter, orange-yellow with reddish-brown stripes; upper lip with turned-up edges, shorter or slightly longer than the protuberances in the lower lip.
The spur is long (up to 9 mm) and thin (2 mm). The anthers of the stamens are stuck together. The pedicels bend in an arched manner after flowering. Blooms in the second half of summer.
Blueberry
(Vaccinium myrtyllus L.) lingonberry family
Deciduous shrub with sharp-edged branches.
The leaves are thin, light green, open places turning red in autumn. The shape is ovoid and elliptical, finely serrated, 1-3 cm long. Flowers solitary, drooping. Corolla is pitcher-spherical, 3-4 cm long with 4-5 teeth. Anthers with long appendages. The berry is spherical, 6-8 mm in diameter, black, usually with a bluish coating or less often, without a coating, shiny.
Blooms in spring.
Podbel multifolia
(Andromeda polifolia L.) Ericaceae family
The leaves are oblong-oval to linear, with curled edges on top with a depressed middle vein, green, shiny, matte white underneath with a waxy coating, 1-2.5 cm long. The racemes contain 2-6 flowers on long (up to 1.5 cm) pink stalks; flowers drooping, pink, 5-6 mm long; corolla pubescent inside.
The anthers are dark red. The style is slightly shorter than the corolla. The capsule is spherical, 2-5 mm long. Blooms in spring and early summer.
Blueberry
(Vaccinium uliginosum L.) lingonberry family
Blueberry - the healthiest berry. Contains organic acids, vitamins, sugar, tannins.
It is also biologically rich active substances, thanks to which it is useful in the treatment of radiation sickness and many other serious diseases. Blueberries, like honeysuckle berries, stimulate the secretion of gastric juice and increase its digestive function. They are recommended for use in cases of gastric catarrh, enterocolitis, dysentery, pyelitis, and scurvy.
The variety of herbaceous plants growing on Earth is amazing. Some of them are blooming beautiful flowers or have decorative leaves, others are edible, others have medicinal properties and can cure all ailments. Our article is devoted to a description of some types of herbs, their appearance and beneficial properties.
Looks great in flower beds!Annual herbaceous plants die off completely at the end of the growing season. With the onset of favorable weather conditions, they grow again from seeds, managing to form a stem with leaves, bloom and produce seeds in one year.
Lipstick, gatsaniya and marigolds with beautiful flowers are grown in flower beds as ornamental plants. Flax and rapeseed are of great economic importance, and string is a valuable medicinal plant.
Tiger lipstick
The lipstick belongs to the Frimaceae family. It grows in temperate regions everywhere except Europe. The Latin name of the plant, mimulus, means “comedian” or “jester.” The flower received this name for its unusual corolla shape and variegated, spotted color.
An original and long-flowering plant. Various types of mimulus are grown in flower beds as ground cover plants. Interesting varieties with characteristic flower colors have been developed, for example, tiger lip.
Many people admire the tiger variety for its variegated flowers.
- It grows short, up to 35 cm.
- It can be grown from seeds in a flower bed and in an indoor pot.
- Mimulus flowers exude a delicate, pleasant aroma.
- During flowering, which lasts from June to September, it is covered with gramophone flowers.
It can be propagated by cuttings, like petunia, to preserve your favorite varieties for next year. The flower does not overwinter in open ground and although it is a perennial, it is grown as annual plant. Unlike petunia, it is undemanding to light.
Gatsania is a bit harsh
Gazania is a herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, native to Africa. It is grown in flower beds as an ornamental plant due to its large flowers with bright colors - yellow, orange, red, white, brown or variegated. The plant loves the sun and easily tolerates lack of watering and poor soil.
Gatsaniya is known and loved all over the world. Gatsania does not tolerate frost, so it does not overwinter in the flowerbed. When frost sets in, you can dig up a flower and bring it into the house, and plant it in the garden again in the spring. But it is easier to grow it as an annual, sowing the seeds every spring.
Marigold
This is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant, the genus of which includes about 50 species. The homeland of marigolds is America, the Latin name Tagetes was given to it by Carl Lineus in honor of Tagets, the grandson of the God Jupiter. Hybrid varieties of marigolds are grown in central Russia in flower beds. These flowers are loved by gardeners for their cheerful, orange or yellow color, abundant flowering and ease of care.
Marigold flowers are unpretentious plants. The following types of marigolds are widespread:
- small-flowered;
- anise;
- erect;
- thin-leaved, or Mexican.
Marigolds bloom from June until frost and go well with many flowers in the flowerbed.
The height of the plant is from 20 to 120 cm. But the flowers differ not only in the height of the bush, but also in the shape of the inflorescences, which can be double, semi-double, carnation, chrysanthemum or simple. The leaves are most often pinnately divided or pinnately dissected.
Flax
Annual flax is a delicate blue or lilac flower with graceful stems native to the eastern Mediterranean.
Flax develops better on fertile soil. Flax flowering is spectacular and unusual. Its flowers bloom for one day.
People have been growing this plant since time immemorial. Its seeds are used for medicinal purposes, and its stems are used to make yarn. Some varieties are planted as decorative flowers in a flower bed.
Flax – sun-loving plant, does not tolerate shading. It is advisable to set aside a separate flower garden for it, since the plant easily propagates by self-sowing and grows, occupying a large space. Flax seeds are planted in a flowerbed in March, but it is impossible to grow flax through seedlings - its roots are fragile. Therefore, the seeds are planted immediately in open ground.
Spring and winter rape
Rapeseed is a good honey plant, which is why it is often sown next to apiaries. It belongs to the Brassica family. This bright yellow flower blooms in May. But the main value of rapeseed is not in its flowers - it is used as a valuable oilseed crop for food and industrial purposes, and is used as livestock feed. Oil is made from the seeds.
This variety is less demanding on soil and sowing lines. There are two varieties of the plant - spring and winter. The latter does not tolerate drought and severe frosts, but is a good forage crop and honey plant.
Tripartite sequence
Chereda is a medicinal plant that has been grown in Russia for a long time. The genus belongs to the Asteraceae family. The warm and moisture-loving plant grows in nature along the banks of reservoirs and in fields, and gets into gardens as a weed. This herb is used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, dysentery, and purulent wounds.
A plant known to all healers and gardeners. In central Russia, the tripartite series is widespread, which is so called because its leaf is divided into three lobes. Only this type of plant is used in medicine.
Tripartite succession is an annual plant, its height is from 30 cm to 1 meter, the seeds are small, with two horns. In Russia, before the revolution, the plant was harvested on an industrial scale, and it is still cultivated today. In pharmacies you can buy infusion and briquettes of herbs.
Biennials for open ground
Herbaceous biennials live for two years. In the first year, the main vegetative organs are formed - the root and stem with leaves. And in the second year - generative, a peduncle and seeds appear. Unlike perennials, biennials do not have modified underground shoots - bulbs, rhizomes and tubers.
Biennials include most garden root crops, as well as valuable medicinal plants - speckled hemlock, marsh thistle, blue cornflower, motherwort.
Hemlock
Speckled hemlock is a tall herbaceous plant with white umbellate flowers from the Apiaceae family. When collecting medicinal raw materials, it is important to distinguish hemlock from other similar plants. When you pick hemlock leaves or flowers and rub them in your hands, they smell like a mouse's nest. Red droplets, similar to droplets of blood, are visible on the trunk.
Speckled hemlock is a member of the Apiaceae family. In nature, grass grows in flooded meadows and forest edges. It is most often found in gardens as a weed, but can also be used for medicinal purposes.
Hemlock is used to treat various ailments - to fight cancer, seizures and spasms.
The patch and extract are used as an external pain reliever.
Bog thistle
Thistle is a biennial or perennial plant from the Asteraceae family, of which more than 400 species are known. This grass grows in meadows and fields and is considered a weed because it penetrates into crops. Some types of thistle are used in folk medicine and grown as ornamental and vegetable crops. Its inflorescences are round baskets with tubular flowers of crimson or purple color. This plant is a good honey plant.
Prefers moist soil. - Bog thistle has a spiny stem and spiny leaves.
- Plant height is from 50 cm to 2 meters.
- The leaves are pinnately dissected on short petioles, with spines along the edge and pubescence on top.
- It blooms with purple, less often white flowers.
The plant loves moist soil and grows in Siberia and the European part of the continent in swampy forests and river valleys.
Cornflower blue
Blue cornflower from the Asteraceae family is an excellent honey plant and a valuable medicinal plant. Bees make thick honey with a pleasant almond smell from the nectar of its flowers. Blue cornflower grows in nature in the Caucasus, Siberia, Central Asia and the European part of Russia.
Blue cornflower is a medicinal plant. The petals of its flowers are used for medicinal purposes as a choleretic and diuretic.
Cornflower decoctions are used for coughs, nervous and stomach diseases, and lotions are made with them to treat eczema and ulcers.
This unpretentious flower is grown as ornamental plant in the flowerbed. It can be sown with seeds directly into open ground. Cultivated varieties bloom not only blue, but also white, pink, burgundy flowers from June to September.
Motherwort varifolia
This herbaceous plant from the Lamiaceae family prefers clay-sandy soils rich in nitrogen. It has a tap root and green stems with a reddish-purple tint, ranging in height from 50 cm to 1 meter. Purple small flowers are collected in the axils of the upper leaves, forming a spike-shaped inflorescence. The plant blooms in June or July. In Russia it is found on Far East and in Eastern Siberia.
Motherwort is an excellent remedy for headaches. The stems, leaves and flowers of motherwort are used for medicinal purposes. An alcoholic tincture of the plant can be purchased at a pharmacy. It is used as a sedative for nervous diseases, and also as an antispasmodic for spastic pain, cough and cramps.
Perennial herbaceous plants
In perennial grasses, aboveground shoots die off at the end of each growing season and in winter the plants in the open ground are dormant.
In spring, they begin to grow again from renewal buds on underground modified shoots. Among the perennials there are many ornamental and medicinal plants.
River gravity
The genus Gravilat from the Rosaceae family includes about 50 species that are found in the northern and southern hemispheres of the Earth. There are 7 types of gravilate growing on the territory of Russia, one of them is river gravilate. It can be found in moist, rich soils along the banks of streams and swamps.
River Gravilate is a remedy for fever and neurosis. - This is a perennial herbaceous plant up to 80 cm high.
- Its stem is weakly branched in the upper part.
- The stems of the gravilate are densely covered with hairs.
- It has two types of leaves - stem and basal.
- The plant's bell-shaped, drooping flowers are unusual. Their petals are very small and inconspicuous, and the bright sepals are colored reddish-brown.
Gravilata seeds are formed after flowers self-pollinate in July or August. IN medical purposes They use leaves, flowers and rhizomes of plants.
They have an astringent, hemostatic, restorative, analgesic, wound-healing and diaphoretic effect. This plant is recognized by official medicine.
Gaillardia grandiflora
Gaillardia is a perennial or annual plant for open ground, creating compact bush with numerous flowers. Belongs to the Asteraceae family, its homeland is Northern and South America. In total, there are 24 species of gaillardia in nature. Gaillardia grandiflora is especially good for open ground.
The fiery sunny chamomile will decorate any flower garden. In the flowerbed it is propagated by seeds or by dividing the bush. The flowers have an orange center and yellow petals at the ends. They look very sunny and bright, and bloom throughout the warm season. The plant is drought-resistant and unpretentious in care.
Goose onion
This herbaceous bulbous plant from the Liliaceae family grows in Europe, Asia and North Africa.
Primrose plant. - The inflorescences of the goose onion are umbrella-shaped.
- The star-shaped flowers are yellow in color and consist of six petals arranged in two circles.
- After flowering, the above-ground part of the plant dies off.
Goose onions are used in folk medicine and can be consumed boiled. The plant reproduces with the help of bulbs, which are sometimes formed in place of buds, in the axils of leaves or on the bottom of the bulb.
Basilisk
Basil is used in ornamental gardening and folk medicine. There are more than 150 species of this plant. They are perennial and belong to the Ranunculaceae genus. According to legend, the herb got its name from the healer Vasilisa, who used it to heal the wounds of soldiers.
Many beauty lovers are attracted by its resistance to frost and ease of planting and care. In folk medicine, basil leaves are used to treat skin diseases.
The height of the plant can be from 5 cm to 2.5 m. The smallest Alpine cornflower grows in the tundra and alpine meadows. Flower colors can be very diverse - pink, white, yellow or purple. They are collected in dense, sometimes loose, inflorescences - a panicle or brush.
Wolf's bast or wolfberry grown as ornamental plants in gardens, creating hedges from bushes. There is an interesting garden form that blooms in November with purple flowers.
Traditional healers use the bark and berries of the plant as an external remedy.
In traditional medicine, the use of the plant is prohibited, as it is very poisonous.
Horny weed grandiflora
Horny goat weed, besvetnik, or Epimedium, belongs to the Barberry family. These are perennial herbs with creeping rhizomes and bright flowers. Many decorative garden forms have been developed that are grown in shady flower beds. Plants love moist, fertile soil.
A plant with small, delicate flowers of unusual shape. Most species bloom in the spring, but some continue to bloom throughout the summer. There are decorative deciduous, evergreen, large-flowered and other varieties. Horny goat weed grandiflora is grown as a perennial ornamental plant in a flower bed. It is used in Chinese folk medicine to increase male potency. This perennial plant from the Buttercup family grows naturally in Altai, Siberia, Central Asia and Mongolia. Plant height is about 50 cm to 2 meters. Purple flowers collected in multi-flowered racemes.
The entire plant is used for medicinal purposes. Whitemouth aconite is harvested during fruiting and dried.
Tender anemone
This beautiful ornamental plant from the Ranunculaceae family has been cultivated since the 19th century.
The plant has flowers of lilac and blue tones. Varieties with different flower colors have been developed:
- Pink Star – pale pink;
- Purple Star – pale purple;
- Radar – dark red with a white center;
- Blue shades - blue.
Tender anemone prefers well-drained soils, loves partial shade, and is suitable for growing in shady beds between trees. In nature, the species is listed in the Red Book.
Perennial herbaceous plant of the Korostavnik genus. The natural range of the species is Eastern, Central and Atlantic Europe, Ciscaucasia, western Western Siberia, western Central Asia. It grows mostly in dry meadows, along the edges of forests. Honey productivity up to 150 kg/ha.
Published: March 24, 2018
A perennial herbaceous plant from the Asteraceae family. It grows in the forest-steppe zones of the European part of Russia, in Western Siberia. It grows in damp places, along the banks of rivers and mountain streams, in thickets of bushes. Listed in the Red Book. Bad honey plant. There is no commercial honey from elecampane.
Published: March 18, 2018
Siberian hogweed, Puchka, Pikan - Heracléum sibíricum. Herbaceous plant of the Apiaceae family. Siberian hogweed, despite its name, is predominantly European look, common throughout Central Russia. Also distributed in Central Europe, Ciscaucasia and Western Siberia (in its southern part it reaches Altai). Found in Crimea, Kazakhstan (Dzhungar Alatau). It grows in damp places - in meadows, between bushes. It grows in meadows (especially flooded ones), along the banks of rivers and streams, forest edges, roadside meadows, and […]
Published: March 18, 2018
Ural ribbed plant - Pleurospermum uralense A two- or three-year herbaceous plant, a species of the genus Pleurospermum of the Umbrella family (Apiaceae). It grows in coniferous and birch-aspen forests, along their edges, in forest clearings, rarely in subalpine meadows, in ravines and near swamps. Secondary honey plant, produces up to 180 kg of honey per hectare.
Published: 28 Sep 2016
Belongs to the Umbrella family. Deadly poisonous biennial plant. Grows on forest edges, water meadows, limestone slopes, as a weed in crops and vegetable gardens, on fallow lands and wastelands, near housing, near roads and fences, in landfills, on the slopes of ravines, on canvas railways. Bees visit hemlock well, taking nectar and pollen from it. Under certain conditions it produces a large amount of nectar.
Published: 03 Aug 2016
Bog thistle belongs to the Asteraceae family. Perennial or biennial plant. Grows in damp meadows, swamps, swampy forests, and bushes. Its stem is completely covered with thorns. Grows in Siberia. Honey productivity per hectare is 250 - 300 kg. Sometimes it produces commercial honey.
Published: May 01, 2016
Weed plant. The species infests all types of crops and is found in fallows, orchards and orchards, as well as along roads, along ditches, and in fallow lands. Contains white milky juice. Strong honey plant and pollen plant. It releases nectar only in the morning, because... After lunch the flowers close. Intensive honey collection up to 380 kg per hectare. The honey crystallizes quickly and is dark amber in color. The pollen is dark yellow.
Published: May 01, 2016
A perennial herbaceous plant 30–90 cm high from the Asteraceae family. It grows in various meadows, clearings, meadow clearings, along roads in many regions of Russia. It is well visited by bees, which, under favorable weather conditions, collect a lot of nectar and pollen from it. Honey productivity in terms of continuous tracts is over 100 kg/ha. The pollen is yellow.
Published: April 28, 2016
Perennial honey-bearing herbaceous plant. Sandy cinnamon grows mainly on sandy soils, in dry copses, forest glades, hills, on fallow lands, rocky and sandy slopes everywhere. The hard scales of the inflorescence wrapper do not wither and do not lose color even when the inflorescences are cut off - hence the name of the plant immortelle.
Published: April 27, 2016
Herbaceous perennial plant from the Euphorbiaceae family. A good honey plant. Produces commercial honey. It grows in meadows, light forests, along pebble and sandy river banks, along roadsides and in crops, especially on loamy soil. Acute spurge displaces all plants living in prairies and fields, shading them and taking away moisture and nutrients, as well as highlighting [...]
Published: Jan 27, 2016
An annual or biennial herbaceous weed plant of the aster family (Acteraceae) with an erect branched stem 30-80 cm high. The leaves are lanceolate-linear, the lower ones are petiolate. The flower baskets are solitary, at the ends of the branches they consist of dark blue marginal funnel-shaped and central purple tubular flowers, surrounded by hard scales of an ovoid involucre.
Published: 27 Nov 2015
Mediocre honey plant. It blooms in June - September, the fruits ripen in August - September. A perennial herbaceous plant from the Asteraceae family. It grows on sandy and loamy fresh and moist soils, in meadows, forest clearings, forest edges, in bushes, less often as a weed in crops. Prefers soils of average fertility and drainage.
At the White Orchid garden center large selection perennial plants to decorate the garden, you can choose plants so that the garden is blooming with early spring until late autumn.
The collection of the White Orchid garden center has such beautiful flowering perennials, and decorative deciduous, having ornamental foliage and allowing you to put the necessary accents in flower beds.
Wolfsbane, fighter- tuberous perennial plant.
Tubers that produce flowering shoots completely die off in the fall, along with the stems and roots. Daughter buds of renewal, developing at the very bottom of the one-year stem and having by this time formed their own autonomous roots and even basal rosettes of leaves, become isolated, forming a colony of young plants. The height of aconite is 70-100 cm, flowers are up to 4 cm long, irregular, with a large helm, purple.
In the collection of the White Orchid garden center there is a garden form of aconite - two-color, violet and white. Blooms from July to September. Frost-resistant, poisonous, undemanding to soil, tolerates light shading.
- a perennial plant with a branched rhizome growing upward.
Small flowers are collected in graceful elongated paniculate inflorescences. The colors of the flowers are varied - white, cream, pink, red, lilac. Blooms in June-July. Prefers well-moistened, semi-shaded places. Propagated by dividing bushes in spring or late summer.
- a widespread perennial plant, a bush 20-30 cm high. Aster is light-loving and cold-resistant. Grows well in light, permeable soils, well-seasoned with organic and mineral fertilizers. Alpine aster blooms in May-June. The inflorescences are single, diameter from 2 to 4 cm. During the dry period, alpine aster needs regular watering. Asters are propagated by dividing the bush, immediately after flowering.
- perennial plant. The rhizome is terrestrial, creeping, thick. The leaves are very large, round, leathery, shiny, form beautiful picturesque rosettes that remain under the snow in winter and dry out only in the 3rd year. In autumn the leaves take on a beautiful color. Bergenia is unpretentious - it grows well on any soil, except wetlands, in sunny places, in partial shade and even in heavy shade. Flowering - spring-early summer. Propagated by dividing rhizomes in spring.
- perennial herbaceous plant. The bush grows to the sides, forming thickets. The leaves are rounded, heart-shaped, rough, on a long petiole. The flowers are small, sky blue, in loose paniculate inflorescences, blooming in early spring.
Brunner prefers loose, fertile soils. Shade-tolerant. Winter-hardy.
Propagated by sowing seeds and dividing rhizomes in the fall.
- bush 80-150 cm high. Leaves are palm-shaped, deeply dissected. The flowers are small yellow in a narrow racemose inflorescence, blooming from July to autumn.
Buzulnik is light-loving, but also tolerates light partial shade, is winter-hardy, and grows well on any cultivated soil.
Buzulniks reproduce by sowing seeds and dividing rhizomes in the spring.
- perennial corm plant. The flowers are pinkish-lilac and grow well in fertilized, moist sandy loam soil... Planted in the ground in the fall to a depth of 8-10 cm. Colchicum can grow in one place for several years. For the winter, the colchicum should be covered with fallen leaves and dry branches.
Colchicums bloom in autumn and bloom in a leafless state.
Loosestrife (Lysimachia)- rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, winter-hardy.
Moisture-loving, blooms from May to July.
Monetary loosestrife is very good as a ground cover plant.
- a perennial herbaceous plant that grows well in sunny places in any garden soil.
Planted in borders, mixborders. Low-growing species of speedwells are well suited for rocky gardens.
Speedwells are propagated by division, cuttings and sowing seeds.
- rhizomatous perennial, the whole plant is densely pubescent, flowers are solitary, 3-6 cm in diameter, white or cream.
They prefer light, loose, fertile, well-drained and sufficiently moist soil. Anemone tolerates partial shade well and blooms in June.
Propagated by root suckers and seeds.
- an excellent plant for decorating flower beds. Perennial carnations are good as low curbs, they form lush bluish-gray pillows, and they also fit very organically into the composition among the stones. Garden carnation flowers have their own unique spicy aroma. Carnation prefers open sunny places, well-drained soil. Propagated by sowing seeds and cuttings.
- a perennial plant up to 1.5 meters high, with erect, densely leafy stems, which at the end of the growing season die off along with the roots; by this time, renewal buds on the underground part of the annual stem form their roots and overwintering leaf rosettes.
Thus, Helenium does not have a perennial rhizome, and the “bushes” are colonies of independent plants.
Young plantings of helenium are more winter-hardy; in old bushes, renewal buds are at ground level or higher and can freeze in winters with little snow, so it is better to cover old bushes with earth for the winter.
Autumn helenium blooms in the second half of summer, the color of the flowers ranges from golden yellow to bronze-red. Helenium propagates by sowing seeds, as well as by dividing bushes. Prefers light fertile soils, open sunny places.
- herbaceous perennial, blooms in June-July with graceful small drooping bells.
Heuchera is light-loving, but also tolerates partial shade, is cold-resistant, and prefers light, fertile soils.
Propagated by seeds, dividing the bush in early spring.
- a little common perennial. Low-growing plants with bell-shaped dark or light blue flowers. Grows well in partial shade.
Gentian is winter-hardy, but requires shelter in winters with little snow. Propagated by dividing bushes and freshly collected seeds, which are sown before winter.
- a perennial with a straight hollow stem, 1-1.5 m high. Delphinium is light-loving, prefers loamy, fertile soils.
They reproduce by seeds, by dividing bushes, and it is better to divide bushes in the spring.
Delphinium inflorescences are very decorative and are often used for cutting.
- moisture-loving perennial.
The flowers are lilac-pink, collected in long spike-shaped inflorescences.
Very good for planting near ponds. Winter-hardy, unpretentious.
- broken heart. A very interesting herbaceous plant with elegant pink or pink-red flowers in the shape of hearts. Dicentra blooms in late May - early June, is winter-hardy, but requires shelter in winters with little snow.
Prefers open or slightly shaded places, light, humus-rich soil. Propagated by dividing bushes and stem cuttings.
- a perennial short-rhizome plant with creeping shoots that take root in the nodes. Flowering is long-lasting; the plant can bear both flowers and ripening berries at the same time.
Dushenia is very unpretentious and winter-hardy. Duchenia is often used as a ground cover plant that replaces a lawn.
There are several types of irises in White Orchid.
- This is the most common class of irises. Their main distinguishing feature is the beard on the central vein of the outer perianth lobes. To successfully overwinter, bearded irises need light winter cover. grow well on sandy loam and sandy soils. For planting, it is better to choose a sunny place, protected from the winds. Bearded irises reproduce by dividing the rhizomes immediately after flowering.
- frost-resistant plant. Unlike bearded irises, these irises are moisture-loving, their flowers are more elegant, and there is no beard.
Siberian iris propagates by dividing the bush, and the planting unit must have at least 2 leaf bunches.
- an ideal plant for the lazy gardener. Absolutely unpretentious. One can say about the marsh iris - “I planted it and forgot it.”
Grows well both in the sun and in the shade, is frost-resistant, and tolerates excess moisture. The height of the bush is 1-1.5 meters.
- also quite an interesting plant for lazy gardeners; its main requirement is an open sunny place without stagnant water. It overwinters well and preserves leaves well until frost.
It blooms in June with graceful bluish flowers. Propagated by dividing the bush and seeds.
- perennial herbaceous plant.
Grows well in moist, sandy or loamy soils.
Blooms in May-June.
Propagated by dividing bushes, individual rosettes and seeds.
- a herbaceous perennial plant that grows well in open areas and fertile soils.
Flowering from June to September. Propagated by seeds or dividing the bush. Frost-resistant. Often self-seeding.
- herbaceous rhizomatous perennial. The bush reaches a height of 70 cm, flowers are single, 6-7 cm in diameter, single, orange.
The swimsuit blooms in June-July. The plant is winter-hardy and moisture-loving. Optimal growing conditions are moist, loose, fertile soil. The swimsuit grows well in partial shade. Propagated by dividing bushes and sowing seeds.
- the closest relative of the lily of the valley. In the collection of the White Orchid garden center, the kupena is presented in a variegated form - there is a white border along the leaf.
The plant is unpretentious, winter-hardy, grows well in partial shade. Propagated by dividing rhizomes.
A lumbago - an open snowdrop, a dream-grass. Frost-resistant, grows well in open places with sufficiently moist soil, but can also grow in the shade.
Decorative not only during flowering, but also during fruiting, the lumbago has very interesting fluffy silky fruits. See more about lumbago.
Primrose, primrose- a perennial winter-hardy plant. Primulas grow well and bloom profusely in the spring in semi-shaded places on well-fertilized, sufficiently moist soil. When grown in one place for many years, it is necessary to add nutritious soil to the base of the bush to protect the primrose from freezing.
Primroses reproduce by seeds and by dividing bushes.
Day-lily- here is another one of the favorite plants for the lazy gardener. Daylily is also called daylily, because each of its flowers lives only for a day. The plant is unpretentious, but prefers fertile and sufficiently moist soils; it grows in both sun and partial shade. Propagated by dividing the bush.
Cuff, alchemilla- an interesting perennial plant. Unpretentious, winter-hardy. It can grow both in open places and in the shade. In the White Orchid garden center, soft cuff is grown. She prefers light, fertile, sufficiently moist soils. It blooms with small, inconspicuous yellow-green flowers. Very good for foreground in a flower border - it has a beautifully shaped bush. Its most important property is that it “knows how” to push excess moisture out of the leaves. This is truly a magical sight - the cuff along the edge of the sheet is entirely decorated with a necklace of large transparent beads.
Sedum, sedum- an unpretentious perennial plant. Grows well in any soil except wet, marshy soils. Prefers open sunny places. Propagated by dividing bushes and cuttings from stems.
Phlox subulate- creeping perennial. The flowers are small, numerous, white, pink, blue or purple in color, completely covering the shoots so that no leaves are visible during the flowering period. Phlox subulate propagates by cuttings. An ideal plant for rocky gardens. Although phlox is subulate and winter-hardy, it is still better to cover it with a light covering material for the winter.
