Jobs Steve - Encyclopedia of the Hayazg Foundation. Steve Jobs: the story of the life and creation of the most famous Apple corporation
I don't trust a computer I can't lift.
The creator of the iPhone, Steven Paul Jobs, better known as Steven Paul Jobs, Steve Jobs, is one of the founders of Apple, Next, Pixar corporations and a key figure in the global computer industry, a man who largely determined the course of its development.
The future billionaire was born on February 24, 1955 in the town of Mountain View, California (ironically, this area would later become the heart of Silicon Valley). Steve's biological parents Abdulfattah John Jandali (a Syrian emigrant) and Joan Carol Schible (an American graduate student) gave their illegitimate child for adoption to Paul and Clara Jobs (née Hakobyan). The main condition for adoption was that Steve receive a higher education.
While still in school, Steve Jobs became interested in electronics, and when he met his namesake Steve Wozniak, he first thought about a business related to computer technology. The partners' first project was BlueBox, a device that allowed long-distance calls for free and was sold for $150 apiece. Wozniak was involved in the development and assembly of the device, and thirteen-year-old Jobs was selling illegal goods. This distribution of roles will continue in the future, only their future business will now be completely legal.
In 1972, after graduating from high school, Steve Jobs entered Reed College (Portland, Oregon), but quickly lost interest in studying. After the first semester, he was expelled of his own free will, but remained living in friends’ rooms for about another year and a half, sleeping on the floor, living on money from returned Coca-Cola bottles, and once a week coming to free lunches at the local Hare Krishna temple. Then he took a calligraphy course, which subsequently gave him the idea to equip the Mac OS system with scalable fonts.
Steve then got a job at Atari. There, Jobs develops computer games. Four years later, Wozniak creates his first computer, and Jobs, while continuing to work at Atari, organizes its sales.
Apple
And from the creative tandem of friends, the Apple company grew (Jobs suggested the name “Apple” due to the fact that in this case the company’s phone number appeared in the telephone directory right before “Atari”). The founding date of Apple is considered to be April 1, 1976 (April Fool's Day), and the first office-workshop was the garage of Jobs' parents. Apple was officially registered in early 1977.
And the second most of the developments was Stephen Wozniak, while Jobs acted as a marketer. It is believed that it was Jobs who convinced Wozniak to refine the microcomputer circuit he had invented, and thereby gave impetus to the creation of a new personal computer market.
The debut model of the computer was called Apple I. During the year, the partners sold 200 of these machines (the price of each was 666 dollars 66 cents). A decent amount for beginners, but nothing compared to the Apple II, which came out in 1977.
The success of the Apple I and especially the Apple II computers, coupled with the advent of investors, made the company the undisputed leader in the computer market until the early eighties, and the two Steves became millionaires. It is noteworthy that software for Apple computers was developed by the then young company Microsoft, created six months later than Apple. In the future, fate will bring Jobs and him together more than once.
Macintosh
The milestone event was the conclusion of a contract between Apple and Xerox. Revolutionary developments that Xerox for a long time could not find a worthy use, they later became part of the Macintosh project (a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured and sold by Apple Inc). In fact, the modern personal computer interface with its windows and virtual buttons owes much to this contract.
It's safe to say that the Macintosh is the first personal computer in the modern sense (the first Mac was released on January 24, 1984). Previously, the control of the machine was carried out using intricate commands typed by “initiates” on the keyboard. Now the mouse becomes the main working tool.
The success of the Macintosh was simply stunning. At that time, there was no competitor in the world even closely comparable in terms of sales volume and technological potential. Shortly after the release of the Macintosh, the company ceased development and production of the Apple II family, which had previously been the company's main source of income.
Jobs' departure
Despite significant successes, in the early 80s. Steve Jobs gradually begins to lose his position in Apple, which by that time had grown into a huge corporation. His authoritarian management style leads first to disagreements and then to open conflict with the board of directors. At age 30 (1985), the Apple founder was simply fired.
Having lost power in the company and his job, Jobs did not lose heart and immediately set about new projects. First, he founded the company NeXT, which specialized in the production of complex computers for higher education and business structures. This market was too narrow, so no significant sales could be achieved.
A much more successful venture was the graphics studio The Graphics Group (later renamed Pixar), purchased from Lucasfilm for almost half the price ($5 million) of its estimated value (George Lucas was getting divorced and needed money). Under Jobs' leadership, several super-grossing animated films were released. The most famous: “Monsters, Inc.” and the famous “Toy Story”.
In 2006, Pixar was sold to Walt Disney for $7.5 billion, with Jobs owning a 7% stake in Walt Disney. By comparison, Disney's heir apparent inherited only 1%.
Return to Apple
In 1997, Steve Jobs returns to Apple. First as an interim director, and since 2000 as a full-fledged manager. Several unprofitable areas were closed and work on the new iMac computer was successfully completed, after which the company's business rapidly took off.
Later, a lot of developments will be presented that will become trendsetters in the technology market. This includes the iPhone mobile phone, the iPod player, and the iPad tablet computer, which went on sale in 2010. All this will make Apple the third largest company in the world by capitalization (it will even surpass Microsoft).
Disease
In October 2003, an abdominal scan revealed that Steve Jobs had pancreatic cancer. In general, this diagnosis is fatal, but the head of Apple turned out to have a very rare form of the disease that can be cured with surgery. At first, Jobs refused it because, due to his personal convictions, he did not recognize interventions in the human body. For 9 months, Steve Jobs hoped to recover on his own, and all this time no one from Apple management informed investors about his fatal illness. Then Steve decided to trust the doctors and notified the public about his illness. On July 31, 2004, Stanford Medical Center performed a successful operation.
In December 2008, doctors discovered a hormonal imbalance in Jobs. In the summer of 2009, according to representatives of the Methodist Hospital at the University (Research and Medical Center) of Tennessee, it became known that Steve had undergone a liver transplant. On March 2, 2011, Steve spoke at the presentation of a new tablet - iPad 2.
Promotion methods
To determine the charisma of Steve Jobs and its impact on developers original project Mackintosh and his colleague at Apple Computer, Bud Tribble, coined the phrase “Reality Distortion Field” in 1981. The term was later used to define the reception of his key performances by reviewers and fans of the company.
According to colleagues, Steve Jobs is able to convince others of anything, using a mixture of charisma, charm, arrogance, perseverance, pathos, and self-confidence. Basically, PIR distorts the audience's sense of proportion and proportionality. Small progress is presented as a breakthrough. Any mistakes are hushed up or presented as insignificant. The difficulties overcome are greatly exaggerated. Certain opinions, ideas and definitions can change radically in the future without any regard to the very fact of such changes. In principle, PIR is nothing more than a mixture of political propaganda and advertising technologies.
For example, one of the most common examples of PIR is claims that consumers are “suffering” from low-quality competitors’ products, or that the company’s products “change people’s lives.” Also, often unsuccessful technical solutions are explained by the fact that the consumer does not need it. The term is often used in a derogatory context to criticize Apple or its supporters. However, many companies today are switching to a similar technique themselves, seeing how far it was able to push Apple economically.
For the generation born in the 2000s, Steve Jobs is the inventor of the iPhone, a phone that, within six months of its appearance on the smartphone market, became the most desirable in the world. Although in reality this man was neither an inventor nor an outstanding programmer. Moreover, he did not even have a special or higher education. However, Jobs always had a vision of what humanity needed and the ability to motivate people. In other words, the success story of Steve Jobs is a chain of numerous attempts to change the world of computer and digital technology. And although most of his projects failed, those that succeeded changed the life of the planet forever.
Steve Jobs's parents
In February 1955, Joan, a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, gave birth to a son. The boy's father was a Syrian emigrant, and the lovers were unable to get married. At the insistence of her parents, the young mother was forced to give her son to other people. They turned out to be Clara and Paul Jobs. After the adoption, the Jobs named the boy Steve.
biography of early years
The Jobs managed to become ideal parents for Steve. Over time, the family moved to live in (Mountain View). Here, in his free time, the boy’s father repaired cars and soon attracted his son to this activity. It was in this garage that Steve Jobs gained his first knowledge of electronics in his youth.
At school the guy did poorly at first. Fortunately, the teacher noticed the boy’s extraordinary mind and found a way to interest him in his studies. Material rewards for good grades worked - toys, sweets, small money. Steve passed the exams so brilliantly that after the fourth grade he was transferred directly to the sixth.
While still at school, young Jobs met Larry Lang, who got the guy interested in computers. Thanks to this acquaintance, the talented schoolboy had the opportunity to attend the Hewlett-Packard club, where many specialists worked on their personal inventions, helping each other. The time spent here had a huge impact on shaping the worldview of the future head of Apple.
However, what really changed Steve's life was meeting Stephen Wozniak.
The first project of Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak
Jobs was introduced to Wozniak by his classmate. The young people became friends almost immediately.
At first, the boys simply played pranks at school, organizing pranks and discos. However, a little later they decided to organize their own small business project.
During Steve Jobs' youth (1955-75), everyone used landline phones. The subscription fee for local calls was not very high, but to call another city or country, you had to fork out extra cash. Wozniak, as a joke, designed a device that allowed him to “hack” a telephone line and make any calls for free. Jobs started selling these devices, calling them “blue boxes,” for $150 apiece. In total, friends managed to sell more than a hundred of these devices until the police became interested in them.
Steve Jobs before Apple Computer
Steve Jobs in his youth, as well as throughout his life, was a purposeful person. Unfortunately, in order to achieve his goal, he often did not show his best qualities and did not take into account the problems of others.
After graduating from school, he wanted to study at one of the most expensive universities in the United States, and for this his parents had to go into debt. But the guy didn't really care. Moreover, after six months he dropped out of school and, becoming interested in Hinduism, began to desperately seek enlightenment in the company of unreliable friends. Later he got a job at the video game company Atari. After collecting some money, Jobs went to India for several months.
Returning from a trip, the young man became interested in the Homebrew computer club. In this club, engineers and other fans of computer technology (which was just beginning to develop) shared ideas and developments with each other. Over time, the number of club members grew, and its “headquarters” moved from a dusty garage to one of the classrooms at the Linear Accelerator Center at Stanford. It was here that Woz presented his revolutionary development, which allowed characters from the keyboard to be displayed on the monitor. An ordinary, slightly modified TV was used as a monitor.
Apple Corporation
Like most of the business projects that Steve Jobs launched in his youth, the emergence of Apple was associated with his friend Stephen Wozniak. It was Jobs who suggested that Woz start producing ready-made computer boards.
Soon Wozniak and Jobs registered their own company called Apple Computer. The first Apple computer, based on Woz's new board, was successfully presented at one of the Homebrew computer club meetings, where the owner of a local computer store became interested in it. He ordered fifty of these computers for the guys. Despite many difficulties, Apple fulfilled the order. With the money they earned, the friends collected another 150 computers and sold them at a profit.
In 1977, Apple introduced the world to its new brainchild - the Apple II computer. At that time, it was a revolutionary invention, thanks to which the company turned into a corporation, and its founders became rich.
Since Apple became a corporation, the creative paths of Jobs and Wozniak gradually began to diverge, although they were able to maintain normal relations until the end.
Before his departure from the company in 1985, Steve Jobs oversaw the development of computers such as the Apple III, Apple Lisa and Macintosh. True, not one of them managed to repeat the tremendous success of the Apple II. Moreover, by that time, enormous competition had arisen in the computer equipment market, and the products of Jobs’ company over time began to yield to other companies. As a result of this, as well as numerous long-term complaints from employees at all levels against Steve, he was removed from his position as manager. Feeling betrayed, Jobs quit his job and started a new project, NeXT.
NeXT and Pixar
Jobs' new brainchild initially specialized in the production of computers (graphics workstations), adapted to the needs of research laboratories and educational centers.
True, after a while, NeXT retrained into software products, creating OpenStep. Eleven years after its founding, this company was purchased by Apple.
In parallel with his work at NeXT, Steve became interested in graphics. Therefore, he acquired the animation studio Pixar from the creator of Star Wars.
At that time, Jobs began to understand the grand prospect of creating cartoons and films using computer programs. In 1995, Pixar produced Disney's first feature-length animated film created using computer graphics. It was called Toy story and not only appealed to children and adults all over the world, but also earned a record amount of money at the box office.
After this success, Pixar released several more successful animated films, six of which received Oscars. Ten years later, Jobs lost his company to Walt Disney Pictures.
iMac, iPod, iPhone and iPad
In the mid-nineties, Jobs was invited to return to work at Apple. First of all, the “old-new” manager refused to produce a wide variety of products. Instead, he focused on developing four types of computers. This is how professional computers Power Macintosh G3 and PowerBook G3 appeared, as well as iMac and iBook intended for home use.
Introduced to users in 1998, the iMac series of personal all-in-one computers quickly conquered the market and still maintains its position.
In the second half of the nineties, Steve Jobs realized that with the active development of digital technologies it was necessary to expand the line of products. A free program for listening to music on computer devices, iTunes, created under his leadership, gave him the idea to develop a digital player capable of storing and playing hundreds of songs. In 2001, Jobs introduced the now iconic iPod to consumers.
Despite the fantastic popularity that the iPod gained, which brought huge profits to the company, its head was afraid of competition from mobile phones. After all, many of them could already play music back then. Therefore, Steve Jobs organized active work on the creation of his own Apple phone - the IPhone.
The new device, introduced in 2007, not only had a unique design and a heavy-duty glass screen, but was also incredibly functional. Soon he was appreciated all over the world.
Jobs's next successful project was the iPad (a tablet for using the Internet). The product turned out to be very successful and soon conquered the world market, confidently displacing netbooks.
Recent years
Back in 2003, Steven Jobs was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. However, he underwent the necessary operation only a year later. It was successful, but time was lost, and the disease managed to spread to the liver. Six years later, Jobs received a liver transplant, but his condition continued to deteriorate. In the summer of 2011, Steve officially retired, and in early October he passed away.
Personal life of Steve Jobs
As with all of his professional activities, so with regard to his eventful personal life, it is with great difficulty that it can be written short biography. No one knew everything about Steve Jobs, as he was always self-absorbed. No one could understand what was really going on in his head: neither his loving adoptive family, nor his biological mother, with whom Steve began to communicate as an adult, nor his sister Mona (he also found her when he grew up), nor his wife, nor children.
Shortly before entering university, Steve had a relationship with a hippie girl, Chris Ann Brennan. After some time, she gave birth to his daughter Lisa, with whom Jobs did not want to communicate for many years, but took care of her.
Before his marriage in 1991, Stephen had several serious affairs. However, he married someone he met during one of his lectures. Over twenty years of family life, Lauren gave birth to Jobs three children: son Reed and daughters Eve and Erin.
Jobs's biological mother, giving him up for adoption, forced his adoptive parents to sign an agreement, according to which they agreed to give the boy higher education. So throughout Steve Jobs’ childhood and early youth, he was forced to save money for his son’s education. Moreover, he wished to study at one of the most prestigious and expensive universities in the country.
Steve Jobs became interested in calligraphy in his youth while studying at university. It is thanks to this hobby that modern computer programs have the ability to change fonts, letter sizes and
The Apple Lisa computer was named by Jobs after his illegitimate daughter Lisa, although he publicly denied this.
Steve's favorite music is the songs of Bob Dylan and The Beatles. Interestingly, the legendary Fab Four founded Apple Corps, a company specializing in music, back in the sixties. The logo was green apple. And although Jobs claimed that he was inspired to name the company Apple by visiting a friend's apple farm, it seems that he was lying a little.
For most of his life, Jobs adhered to the principles of Zen Buddhism, which greatly influenced the strict and laconic external design Apple products.
Films, cartoons and even theatrical productions were dedicated to the Jobs phenomenon. Many books have been written about him. Jobs' example of successful business is described in almost all textbooks or manuals for entrepreneurs. Thus, in 2015, the book “The Secret of Steve Jobs’ Business Youth, or Russian Roulette for Money” was published in Russian. In just a few weeks, it began to actively spread across the Internet. It is interesting that the book gained such popularity thanks to two phrases in the title that attracted readers: “the secret of business youth” and “Steve Jobs.” It is still difficult to find a review of this work, since at the request of the author the book was blocked on most free resources.
Steve Jobs achieved what many can only dream of. Along with Bill Gates, he became a symbol of the computer industry. At the time of Jobs' death, he owned just over ten billion dollars, which he earned through his labor.
Steven Paul Jobs is an American engineer and entrepreneur, founder and CEO of Apple Inc. He is considered one of the key figures in the computer industry, a person who largely determined its development. Today's story is about him. About his journey, about how this extraordinary personality was able to achieve truly phenomenal heights in business, despite all the blows of fate, which more than once forced Jobs to get up from his knees.
Success story, Biography of Steve Jobs
Born in San Francisco on February 24, 1955. It cannot be said that he was a welcome child. Just a week after the birth, Steve's parents, American Joan Carol Schible and Syrian Abdulfattah John Jandali abandoned the child and gave him up for adoption. The adoptive parents were Paul and Clara Jobs from Mountain View, California. They named him Steven Paul Jobs. Clara worked for an accounting firm, and Paul was a mechanic for a laser company.
As a child, Jobs was a big bully who had every chance of becoming a juvenile delinquent. He was expelled from school after third grade. The transfer to another school became a significant moment in Jobs’ life, thanks to a wonderful teacher who found an approach to him. As a result, he pulled himself together and began to study. The approach, of course, was simple: for each completed task, Steve received money from the teacher. Not much, but quite enough for a fourth grade student. Overall, Jobs' success was great enough that he even skipped fifth grade and went straight to high school.
Steve Jobs' childhood and youth
When Steve Jobs was 12 years old, on a childish whim and some early teenage brashness, he called William Hewlett, then president of Hewlett-Packard, at his home phone number. Then Jobs was building an electric frequency indicator for his school physics class, and he needed some parts: “My name is Steve Jobs, and I would like to know if you have spare parts that I could use to assemble a frequency counter.” Hewlett chatted with Jobs for 20 minutes, agreed to send necessary details and offered him a summer job in his company, within the walls of which the entire Silicon Valley industry was born.
It was at work at Hewlett-Packard that Steve Jobs met a man whose acquaintance largely determined his future fate - Stephen Wozniak. He got a job at Hewlett-Packard, leaving boring classes at the University of California, Berkeley. Working for the company was much more interesting for him due to his passion for radio engineering. As it turned out, at the age of 13, Wozniak himself assembled not the simplest calculator. And at the time of meeting Jobs, he was already thinking about the concept of a personal computer, which did not yet exist at all. Despite their different characters, they quickly became friends.
When Steve Jobs was 16 years old, he and Woz met a famous hacker at the time named Captain Crunch. He told them how, using special sounds made by a whistle from a set of Captain Crunch cereals, they could fool the switching device and make calls around the world for free. Soon Wozniak made the first device, called the “Blue Box,” which allowed ordinary people imitate the sounds of Crunch's whistle and make free calls around the world. Jobs started selling the product. The blue boxes sold for $150 each and were very popular among students. Interestingly, the cost of such a device was then $40. However, it was not possible to achieve much success. First, problems with the police, and then with some hooligan who even threatened Jobs with a gun, brought the “blue box business” to naught.
In 1972, Steve Jobs graduated from high school and entered Reed College in Portland, Oregon, but he dropped out after the first semester. Steve Jobs explains his decision to drop out this way: “I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all my parents' savings went to pay for college. Six months later, I didn't see the point. I had absolutely no idea what I was going to do with my life, and I didn't understand how college would help me figure it out. I was pretty scared at the time, but looking back, I realize it was one of the best decisions I’ve ever made in my life.”
After dropping out of school, Jobs concentrated on what was truly interesting to him. However, remaining a free student at the university was no longer easy. “Not everything was so romantic,” Jobs recalls. – I didn’t have a dorm room, so I had to sleep on the floor in my friends’ rooms. I traded Coke bottles for five cents apiece to buy food, and every Sunday night I walked seven miles across town to have a decent meal at the Hare Krishna temple once a week...”
Steve Jobs' adventures on the college campus after dropping out continued for another 18 months, after which he returned to California in the fall of 1974. There he met up with old friend and technical genius Stephen Wozniak. On the advice of his friend, Jobs got a job as a technician at Atari, which produced popular video games. Steve Jobs did not have any ambitious plans then. He just wanted to earn money to travel to India. After all, his youth fell precisely on the heyday of the hippie movement - with all the consequences that flow from here. Jobs became addicted to soft drugs such as marijuana and LSD (interestingly, even now, having left this addiction, Steve does not at all regret using LSD, moreover, he considers it one of the most significant events in his life, which turned his worldview upside down) .
Atari paid for Jobs' trip, although he also had to visit Germany, where his tasks included resolving production problems. He did it.
Jobs went to India not alone, but with his friend Dan Kottke. Only after arriving in India, Steve exchanged all his belongings for the shabby clothes of a beggar. His goal was to make pilgrimages throughout India, hoping for the help of ordinary strangers. During the trip itself, Dan and Steve almost died several times due to the harsh climate of India. Communication with the guru did not bring Jobs enlightenment. However, the trip to India left an indelible mark on Jobs' soul. He saw real poverty, completely different from the one that hippies in Silicon Valley adhered to.
Returning back to Silicon Valley, Jobs continued working at Atari. Soon he was entrusted with the development of the game BreakOut (Atari at that time was making not only a game, but a full-fledged slot machine, and all the work fell on Jobs' shoulders). According to Atari founder Nolan Bushnell, the company offered Jobs to minimize the number of chips on the board and pay $100 for each chip he could remove from the circuit. Steve Jobs was not very well versed in the construction of electronic circuit boards, so he offered Wozniak to split the bonus in half if he took on this matter.
Atari was quite surprised when Jobs presented them with a board from which 50 chips had been removed. Wozniak created a design so dense that it could not be recreated in mass production. Jobs then told Wozniak that Atari had only paid $700 (not the actual $5,000), and he received his share of $350.
Apple founded
In 1975, Wozniak demonstrated finished model PC management Hewlett-packard. However, the authorities did not show the slightest interest in the initiative of one of their engineers - everyone then imagined computers exclusively as iron cabinets filled with electronic components and used in big business or the military. Nobody thought about home PCs. Atari didn’t help Wozniak either - they didn’t see commercial prospects in the new product. And then Steve Jobs made the most important decision in his life - he persuaded Steve Wozniak and his colleague from Atari, draftsman Ronald Wayne, to create their own company and start developing and producing personal computers. And on April 1, 1976, Jobs, Wozniak and Wayne founded Apple Computer Co. as a partnership. This is how the story of Apple began.
Like Hewlett-Packard once upon a time, Apple was founded in a garage, which Jobs' father gave full control to his adopted son and his companions - he even brought in a huge wooden machine, which became the first “assembly line” in the history of the corporation. The newly formed company needed start-up capital, and Steve Jobs sold his minivan, and Wozniak sold his beloved programmable calculator to Hewlett Packard. They ended up earning about $1,300.
At Jobs' request, Wayne designed the company's first logo, which, however, looked more like a drawing than a logo. It depicted Sir Isaac Newton with an apple falling on his head. However, later this original logo was significantly simplified.
Soon they received their first large order from a local electronics store - 50 pieces. However, the young company did not then have the money to purchase parts to assemble such a large number computers. Then Steve Jobs convinced component suppliers to provide materials on credit for 30 days.
Having received the parts, Jobs, Wozniak and Wayne assembled the cars in the evenings, and within 10 days they delivered the entire batch to the store. The company's first computer was called the Apple I. At that time, these computers were simply boards to which the buyer had to independently connect a keyboard and a monitor. The shop that ordered the cars was selling it for $666.66 because Wozniak liked like-digit numbers. But despite this large order, Wayne lost faith in the success of the endeavor and left the company, selling his ten percent share in the initial capital to his partners for $800. This is how Wayne himself later commented on his action: “Jobs is a hurricane of energy and focus. I was already too disappointed in life to rush through it on this hurricane.”
One way or another, the company had to develop. And already in the fall of the same year, Wozniak completed work on the Apple II prototype, which became the first mass-produced personal computer in the world. It had a plastic case, a floppy disk reader, and support for color graphics.
To ensure successful sales of the computer, Jobs ordered the launch of an advertising campaign and the development of beautiful and standard computer packaging, on which the new company logo was clearly visible - 
(Jobs' favorite fruit). It was supposed to indicate that the Apple II works with color graphics. Subsequently, Jean-Louis Gasé is the ex-president of several structural divisions and the founder of Be, Inc. - said: “It was impossible to dream of a more suitable logo: it embodied aspiration, hope, knowledge, and anarchy...”
But then no one released anything like this; the very idea of such a computer was perceived by big businessmen with undisguised skepticism. As a result, it turned out to be very difficult to find financing for the release of the Apple II created by friends. Both Hewlett-Packard and Atari again refused to finance the unusual project, although they considered it “fun.”
But there were also those who picked up the idea of a computer that was supposed to become accessible to the general public. The famous financier Don Valentine brought Steve Jobs together with the equally famous venture capitalist Armas Clif “Mike” Markkula. The latter helped young entrepreneurs write a business plan, invested $92,000 of his personal savings into the company and secured a $250,000 line of credit from Bank of America. All this allowed the two Steves to “get out of the garage”, significantly increase production volumes and expand the staff, and also launch a fundamentally new Apple II into mass production.
The success of the Apple II was truly enormous: the new product was sold out in hundreds and thousands of copies. Let us remember that this happened at a time when the entire world market for personal computers did not exceed ten thousand units. In 1980, Apple Computer was already an established computer manufacturer. It employed several hundred people, and its products were exported outside the United States.
In 1980, the same week that John Lennon was assassinated, Apple Computer goes public. The company's shares were sold out within one hour! Steve Jobs by this time becomes one of the richest Americans. Jobs's popularity grew every day. A simple young guy with no education became a millionaire overnight. Why not the American dream?
Personal computers have rapidly burst into the everyday life of residents of developed countries. Over two decades, they have firmly taken their place among people, becoming indispensable assistants in production, organizational, educational, communication and other technological and social matters. The words spoken by Steve Jobs in the early 80s became prophetic: “This decade marked the first date between Society and the computer. And for some crazy reason we ended up in right place and at the right time to do everything to make this romance flourish.” The computer revolution has begun.
Project Macintosh
In December 1979, Steve Jobs and several other Apple employees gained access to the Xerox (XRX) research center in Palo Alto. There, Jobs first saw the company's experimental development - the Alto computer, which used a graphical interface that allowed the user to set commands by hovering the cursor over a graphic object on the monitor.
As colleagues recall, this invention amazed Jobs, and he immediately began confidently saying that all future computers would use this innovation. And it’s not surprising, because it contained three things through which the path to the consumer’s heart lies. Steve Jobs already understood then that it was simplicity, ease of use and aesthetics. He immediately became interested in the idea of creating such a computer.
Then the company spent several months developing a new Lisa computer, named after Jobs’ daughter. When he started working on this project, Jobs set the goal of making a computer that would cost $2,000. However, the desire to implement the revolutionary innovation that he saw in the Xerox laboratories cast doubt on the fact that the original price would remain unchanged. And soon Apple President Michael Scott removed Steve from the Lisa project and appointed him chairman of the board of directors. The project was headed by another person.
That same year, Steve, removed from the Lisa project, turned his attention to a small project carried out by the talented engineer Jeff Raskin. (Before this, Jobs tried several times to shut down this project) Raskin’s main idea was to create an inexpensive computer, costing about $1,000. Raskin called this computer Macintosh after his favorite apple variety, McIntosh. Computer 
was supposed to be a complete device combining a monitor, keyboard and system unit. Those. the buyer immediately received a computer ready for use. (it is worth noting here that Raskin did not understand why a computer needed a mouse, and did not plan to use it in the Macintosh)
Jobs begged Michael Scott to appoint him head of this project. And he immediately intervened in the development of the Macintosh computer, ordering Raskin to use the Motorola 68000 processor in it, which was supposed to be used in the Lisa. This was done for a reason; Steve Jobs wanted to bring the Lisa graphical interface to the Macintosh. Next, Jobs decided to introduce a mouse into the Macintosh. None of Raskin's arguments had any effect. And understanding
that Jobs was completely taking away his project, wrote a letter to company president Mike Scott, where he described Steve as an incompetent person who would ruin all his endeavors.
As a result, both Raskin and Jobs were invited to a conversation with the president of the company. After listening to both, Michael Scott still instructed Jobs to bring the Macintosh to fruition, and Raskin went on vacation to smooth out the situation. That same year, Apple President Michael Scott himself was fired. For some time, Mike Markkula took over the position of president.
Steve Jobs planned to finish working on the Macintosh computer within 12 months. But the work was delayed, and in the end he decided to entrust third-party companies with the development of software for the computer. His choice quickly fell on the young company Microsoft, which was famous at that time for creating the Basic language for the Apple II computer (and a number of others).
Steve Jobs traveled to Redmond, to Microsoft's headquarters. Ultimately, both parties agreed that they were ready to work together, and Steve invited Bill Gates and Paul Allen (the two founders of Microsoft) to come to Cupertino to see the experimental Macintosh model in person.
Microsoft's main task was to create application software for the Macintosh. The most famous program of that time was Microsoft Excel.
At the same time, the first marketing plan for the Macintosh computer appeared. It was written personally by Steve Jobs, who knew little about it, so the plan was quite conventional. Jobs planned to launch the Macintosh computer in 1982 and sell 500 thousand computers a year (the figure was taken from the air). First of all, Steve convinced Mike Markkula that the Macintosh would not be a competitor to the Lisa (according to plans, the computers were supposed to be launched around the same time). True, Markkula insisted that the Macintosh should be released a little later than the Lisa, namely October 1, 1982. There was only one problem - the deadlines were still unrealistic, but Steve Jobs, with his characteristic tenacity, did not want to listen to anything.
At the end of the year, Steve Jobs appeared on the cover of Time magazine. Apple II was named the best computer years, but the article in the magazine mainly concerned Jobs. It stated that Steve would make an excellent king of France. It claimed that Jobs got rich from the work of other people, but he himself did not understand anything: neither engineering, nor programming, design, and certainly not business. The article cited statements from many anonymous sources and even Steve Wozniak himself (who left Apple after the accident). Jobs was very annoyed by this article and even called Jef Raskin to express his indignation. (Jeff is the man who stood at the helm of the Macintosh before Steve) Jobs began to understand that a lot for him personally would depend on the success of the Mac.
Steve at that time bought himself an apartment in Manhattan, the view from the windows of which overlooked New York's Central Park. It was there that Jobs first met John Sculley, president of Pepsi. Steve and John walked around New York for quite a long time, discussing Apple's prospects and talking about business in general. It was then that Jobs realized that John was the person he would like to see as president of Apple. John was great at business, but didn't know much about technology. So, according to Jobs, they could become an excellent tandem. There was only one problem - Sculley was working great at Pepsi at that time. As a result, Steve Jobs was able to lure Sculley to Apple, and even entered business history famous phrase, addressed by Jobs to John Sculley: “Are you going to sell sugar water for the rest of your life, or are you going to change the world?”
It should be noted that the group of software developers for the Macintosh still did not make it by this deadline, but Steve Jobs, without screaming and hysterics, was able to breathe new strength into the programmers, and make them work for the last week almost without sleep. The result was stunning. Everything was ready. The principle “if you have the right people on your team, then you you will succeed" The Macintosh group had the right people.
The presentation of the Macintosh turned out to be phenomenal; a technical revolution, along with the oratory skills of Steve Jobs, went down in history forever.
Soon, John Sculley united the Lisa and Macintosh development team, headed by Steve Jobs. The first 100 days of Macintosh sales were phenomenal, and then the first serious problems began. The main problem For all users there was a lack of software. In addition to standard programs from Apple, at that time the Macintosh only had an office suite from Microsoft. All the other developers could not figure out how to create software with a graphical interface. This was the main reason slowing down computer sales.
Soon problems began with the hardware. Jobs was against the possibility of Mac's expansion, and this did not please consumers. Apple employee Michael Murray once said, "Steve did his market research by looking at himself in the mirror every morning." The situation at Apple was heating up. At that moment, conflicts clearly began to occur between the Macintosh development group and the rest of Apple. Jobs, in turn, constantly belittled the merits of new models of the Apple II computer, which at that time was Apple's cash cow.
Apple's bad streak continued and Steve Jobs, as always, in his own manner began to blame others for the company's failures, or rather another, its president John Sculley. Steve claimed that John was never able to adapt and enter the high-tech business.
As a result, a few months after his birthday, Steve Jobs was fired from the company that he himself founded. This was due to a series of behind-the-scenes intrigues that Steve waged to gain power and become president of the company.
After his dismissal, Steve resigned from his honorary position as a company representative and sold all the Apple shares he owned at that time. He left only one symbolic action.
After Steve's dismissal, Apple would experience some heyday, resulting in the highest sales in the company's history. Then hard times would come that would lead to Apple's near collapse, but in 1997 Jobs would again lead the company to pull it out and make it one of the biggest players in the industry. But this is still 12 years away, and Steve is rich and young. And most importantly, he is full of strength and ready for new achievements. He had no intention of quitting the business. Although it should be noted that he could. He could have become a simple venture investor. Forget about work, but this was not in Steve’s spirit, and therefore he decided to found the computer company Next.
Life after Apple
The Next company was supposed to develop computers that would be used primarily in education. Steve Jobs received investment from Ross Perot, who invested $20 million in Next. Perot received a fairly good share in the company - 16 percent. It should be noted that Jobs did not present any business plans to Perot. The investor relied entirely on Steve's devilish charm.
Next computers used the revolutionary NextStep operating system, which was built using the principles of object-oriented programming that would become ubiquitous. However, Jobs will not be able to achieve much success with Next; on the contrary, he will waste a lot of money.
It should be noted that Next computers were used by a number of creative individuals in their work. For example, they were used to create such gaming hits from ID Software as Doom and Quake. At the end of the 80s, Steve Jobs tried to save Next by signing a contract with Diney, but nothing worked out; Disney continued to work with Apple.
At that time, it seemed that Jobs' luck had run out and he would soon go bankrupt. But there was one “but”. Steve was great at organizing a small group of talented people to create something meaningful. This is exactly what he achieved with PIXAR, which gave the world computer animation.
In 1985, Jobs bought Pixar from George Lucas (director of Star Wars). It should be noted that Lucas' initial price for Pixar was $30 million. Jobs waited for the right moment, when Lucas urgently needed money, but there were no buyers, and after long negotiations he received the company at a price of 10 million. True, at the same time, Steve promised that Lucas would be able to use all the developments of Pixar in his films for free. At that time, Pixar had the Pixar Image Computer, which cost an exorbitant amount of money and sold poorly. Jobs began looking for a market for it. At the same time, Pixar continued to develop animation software and conduct some experiments in creating its own animation.
Soon Jobs will open 7 Pixar sales offices in different cities, which will sell Pixar Image Computer. This idea will fail because the computer created at Pixar will be aimed at a very narrow circle of people and will not need additional representation.
A key moment in Pixar's history was the hiring of Disney artist John Lasseter, who would later lead the studio to new heights. John was initially hired to create short animated videos that would show off the capabilities of Pixar's software and hardware. Pixar's success began with the short films "Andre and Wally B" and "Luxo, Jr."
The turning point came when Jobs funded the short film Tin Toy, which would go on to win an Oscar. In 1988, Pixar introduced software product RenderMan, which will be the only source of income for Steve Jobs for a long time.
At the end of 1989, the situation was that Jobs had two companies that made first-class products, but sales in both cases left much to be desired, and the press predicted the failure of both Pixar and Next.
As a result, Jobs begins to actively act. The first thing he did was sell Pixar's unprofitable computer business. Some of the employees and everything related to the Pixar Image Computers were sold for several million to Vicom. Eventually, Pixar was reformed to focus solely on animation.
Like most businessmen, Steve Jobs spoke to students quite often. In 1989, he had the opportunity to give a speech at Stanford. Jobs, as always, put on a real show and looked great on stage, but suddenly there came a point when he began to falter, and many felt that he had lost the main thread of the speech.
It was all about the woman who was sitting in the hall. Her name was Laurene Powell and Jobs liked her. And he didn’t just like her, he experienced feelings for her that were previously unknown to him. At the end of the lecture, Steve exchanged phone numbers with her and got into his car. He had a business meeting scheduled for the evening. But as soon as he got into the car, Steve realized that he was doing something wrong, and that at that moment he didn’t want to be at a business meeting. As a result, Jobs caught up with Lorin and invited her to the restaurant that same day. They spent the rest of the day walking around the city. Steve and Lauryn would subsequently marry.
Despite success in his personal life, Jobs continued to experience problems in the business sphere. At the end of the year, another reduction was carried out at Pixar. It should be noted that many employees were fired, but the reduction did not affect the animator group, headed by John Lasseter. It became clear that Steve was betting on them.
Steve Jobs is one of those people who listen only to themselves. He doesn't care about other people's opinions, even if he is wrong. Of course, there is always a narrow circle of people who can express their point of view to Steve and he listens to it, for example, now such people include Apple chief designer Jonathan Ive.
In the early '90s, people who could argue with Steve included Pixar co-founder Alvy Ray Smith. Alvy often pointed out Jobs' mistakes, and, in the end, he knew more about animation than Steve. Once at a Pixar meeting, Jobs was talking some nonsense that he didn’t even bother to understand. Alvy jumped up from his seat and began to prove why Steve was wrong. This is where he made a mistake. Jobs has always been a strange and extraordinary person. At the meeting, he had a special white board on which only he could write. Proving he was right, Alvy began to write something on Steve's white board. Everyone froze, a few seconds later Jobs found himself opposite Smith and bombarded him with a mass of personal insults, which, in the opinion of those present, were irrelevant and truly vile. Soon after, Alvy Ray Smith left Pixar, the company he himself founded.
The real breakthrough for Pixar came in the early 90s, when Jobs received financial support from Disney. According to the agreement, Pixar had to create a full-length computer animated film, and Disney would bear all costs associated with promoting the film. Considering what a powerful marketing machine Disney is, this was remarkable. Jobs managed to extract the most favorable terms for Pixar from Disney.
In 1991, two important events occurred in the life of Steve Jobs. 36-year-old Jobs married his 27-year-old girlfriend Lauryn (the wedding was ascetic), and also signed a contract with the Disney studio to produce three animated films. Under the terms of the contract, Disney assumed all costs of creating and promoting the films. This contract became a real lifeline for Jobs, about whose fall all the newspapers had already written. They saw him bankrupt. No one knew then that Pixar would give Steve billions.
In 1992, Jobs realized that he could no longer finance Next himself and secured a second investment from Canon (the first was 100 million) of $30 million. At that time, sales of Next computers had increased significantly, but overall, Next was selling as many computers in a year as Apple was selling in a week.
In 1993, Steve made an important decision (albeit a difficult one for him) - to begin to gradually wind down the production of Next personal computers and focus the company's efforts on software (this was an important decision from a historical point of view, since the NextStep operating system would later become the basis for Mac OS X, which will revive Macintosh computers from crisis).
At that time, there was one person who guaranteed Jobs' success. It was director, artist and animator rolled into one - John Lasseter. Disney fought for it with all its might. But, he continued to work at Pixar. In many ways, his presence in the company was the reason that Disney really wanted to work with Steve Jobs' studio.
Pixar's first animated film, Toy Story, was released on Christmas Day 1995 and was a stunning success.
The mid-90s were a terrible time for Apple. First, John Sculley was fired, and Michael Spindler did not last long as president. The last person to lead Apple was Jill Amelio. Ultimately, the company was losing market share by leaps and bounds. Moreover, it was already unprofitable. In this regard, executives were looking for someone who would buy Apple and make it part of their business. However, neither negotiations with Phillips, nor with Sun, nor with Oracle were successful.
Jobs was busy planning Pixar's initial public offering at the time. He intended to hold it immediately after the release of the Toy Story movie. An IPO was Jobs's only hope at that time.
The situation around Apple was getting more and more complicated. It got to the point that at the end of 1996, Bill Gates constantly called the head of Apple Computer, Gil Amelio, persuading him to install the Windows NT operating system on Macintosh computers.
As a result, after long negotiations, Apple acquires Steve Jobs' Next company for $377 million and 1.5 million shares. The main thing Apple needed was the NextStep operating system and a group of people developing it (more than 300 people). Apple got it all, and Steve Jobs was appointed as Gil Amelio's advisor.
However, no significant changes followed. The board of directors included the same people, and Apple's losses kept increasing. It was best moment to overthrow Amelio. And Jobs took advantage of it. At that time, a number of devastating articles appeared in various business magazines that were addressed to Gil Amelio. The board of directors could not tolerate him any longer and announced Amelio’s dismissal. No one remembered then that Amelio promised to pull Apple out of the crisis in 3 years, but worked for only 1.5, while significantly increasing the company’s cash. But, as it turned out, this was not enough. At that moment, it became clear to everyone that Apple would be headed by Steve Jobs, who was a favorite of the press. How could it be otherwise? A man who lost everything and managed to get up again and become a millionaire (thanks to Pixar). In addition, Jobs stood at the origins of Apple, which means he could breathe fire into the eyes of all employees.
For starters, Jobs was named acting CEO. One of the first decisions Steve made was to call Bill Gates. Apple transferred the rights to a number of developments in the field of user interface to Microsoft, and MS invested $150 million in the company's shares, and also pledged to release new versions of Microsoft Office for the Macintosh. In addition to all this, Internet Explorer has become the default browser on Mac.
Jobs quickly took control into his own hands. He closed the unprofitable Newton project, which had been tormenting Apple for many years (it was the first PDA in history, but a failure, as it was simply ahead of its time). At this moment, Larry Ellison, an old friend of Steve Jobs and the head of Oracle, joins the board of directors of Apple. This was a significant support for Steve.
At the same time, the famous Apple “Think Different” advertisement appeared for the first time, which remains the company’s credo to this day.
At the 1998 MacWorld Expo, Steve Jobs spoke to visitors about how things were going at the company. At the end, as he was leaving, he said: “I almost forgot. We're making a profit again." The hall burst into applause.
By 1998, Pixar had released four hugely successful animated films: Toy Story, Flik's Adventure, Toy Story 2 and Monsters, Inc. Overall, Pixar's total revenue at that time was $2.8 billion. It was a phenomenal success for Jobs' studio. In the same year, the revival of Apple began. Steve Jobs introduced the first iMac. True, it’s worth saying here that the development of the iMac began even before Jobs arrived at Apple under Gil Amelio. However, all the credit regarding the iMac goes to Steve and nothing can be done about it.
Jobs's arrival at Apple also had a positive effect on the reduction of the company's production inventories, which previously amounted to $400 million, and after Jobs's arrival decreased to 75 million. This happened due to the fact that Jobs was attentive to all the small details of the production process.
Following the success of the iMac (a computer and monitor in one), Apple introduced a new line of iBook portable computers. At the same time, Apple received the rights to the SoundJam MP program from C&C. This program would later become known as iTunes and would mark the beginning of the popularity of the iPod.
After the release of iTunes, Apple turned its attention to the mp3 player market. Steve Jobs found the PortalPlayer company and, after a series of negotiations, entrusted it with developing a player for Apple (the hardware and software were made by Apple itself). This is how the iPod was born. During development, Jobs made a lot of complaints to the Portal Player employees, which ultimately only played into the hands of consumers who received the best (at that time) mp3 player. It should be noted that the now famous designer Jonathan Ive from Apple was responsible for the appearance of the iPod (he is now the chief industrial designer of the “fruit” company). It must be said that the success of all new Apple products released after Steve Jobs returned to the company is also the merit of Ive. Even the design of the first iMac was his work.
Soon new versions of the iPod began to be released, which became more and more popular every day.
At the same time, the new operating system Mac OS X was introduced, which marked the beginning of the entire series of OS X operating systems that gave a second life to Macintosh computers.
The rest of the story is known. The iPod has become the most popular player of our time. Macintosh computers are gaining more and more popularity, and not so long ago Apple even released its mobile phone called the iPhone, which became a real bomb, incorporating all the best features of the “fruit” company’s products.
Here is a selection of some of his most interesting sayings that will help you achieve success in life:
1. Steve Jobs says: “Innovation separates the leader from the catcher.”
There are no limits to new ideas. It all depends only on your imagination. The world is constantly changing. It's time to start thinking differently. If you're in a growing industry, think about ways to get better results, nicer clients, and easier customer service. If you are associated with a dying industry, quickly quit and change it before you lose your job. And remember that delay is inappropriate here. Start innovating now!
2. “Be the standard of quality. Some people weren't in an environment where innovation was a major asset."
This is not a fast track to excellence. You should definitely make excellence your priority. Use your talents, capabilities and skills to make your product the best and then you will leapfrog your competitors, add something special, something they don’t have. Live by higher standards, pay attention to details that can improve the situation. Having an advantage is not difficult - just decide right now to propose your innovative idea - in the future you will be amazed at how this merit will help you in life.
3. “There is only one way to do great work - to love it. If you haven't come to this, wait. Don't rush into action. As with everything else, your own heart will help you suggest something interesting.”
Do what you love. Look for activities that give you a sense of meaning, purpose, and satisfaction in life. Having a goal and striving for its implementation brings orderliness to life. This not only improves your situation, but also gives you a boost of vigor and optimism. Do you enjoy getting out of bed in the morning and looking forward to the start of a new work week? If you answered no, then look for a new activity.
4. “You know that we eat food that other people grow. We wear clothes that other people have made. We speak languages that were invented by other people. We use mathematics, but other people developed it too... I think we all say this all the time. This is a great opportunity to create something that could be useful to humanity.”
Try to make changes in your world first and maybe you will be able to change the world.
5. “This phrase is from Buddhism: A beginner’s opinion. It's great to have a newbie's opinion."
This is the kind of opinion that allows one to see things as they are, which can constantly and in an instant realize the original essence of everything. A beginner's perspective - Zen practice in action. It is an opinion that is innocent of preconception and expected outcome, evaluation and prejudice. Think of a newbie's opinion as an opinion. small child who looks at life with curiosity, wonder and amazement.
6. “We think that we mostly watch TV to give our brains a rest and we work on the computer when we want to use our brains.”
Many scientific research For decades, it has been clearly demonstrated that television has a detrimental effect on the psyche and morals. And most people who watch TV know that their bad habit is dulling them and killing them a lot of time, but they still continue to spend a huge portion of their time watching the box. Do what makes your brain think, what develops it. Avoid passive pastime.
7. “I’m the only person who knows what it’s like to lose a quarter of a billion dollars in a year. It shapes the personality very well.”
Do not conflate the phrases “making mistakes” with “being a mistake.” There's no such thing as successful person, who never stumbled or made a mistake - there are only successful people who made mistakes, but then changed their lives and their plans, based on these same mistakes made earlier (without making them in the future). They consider mistakes as lessons from which they gain valuable experience. Avoiding mistakes means doing nothing.
8. “I would trade all my technology for a meeting with Socrates.”
Over the past decade, many books featuring lessons from historical figures have appeared on bookstore shelves around the world. And Socrates, along with Leonardo Da Vinci, Nicolaus Copernicus, Charles Darwin and Albert Einstein, is a source of inspiration for independent thinkers. But Socrates was the first. Cicero said of Socrates that “he brought philosophy down from heaven, giving it ordinary people." So, use the principles of Socrates in your own life, work, study and relationships - this will bring more truth, beauty and perfection into your everyday life.
9. " We are here to make a contribution to this world. Otherwise why are we here?»
Do you know that you have good things to bring to life? And did you know that those good things were abandoned while you were pouring yourself another cup of coffee and you made the decision to just think about it instead of making it a reality? We are all born with a gift to give life to. This gift, or this thing, is your calling, your goal. And you don't need a decree to achieve this goal. Neither your boss, nor your teacher, nor your parents, no one can decide this for you. Just find that one goal.
10. " Your time is limited, don't waste it living another life. Don't get caught up in a creed that exists on other people's thinking. Don't let the views of others drown out your own inner voice. And it is very important to have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you really want to do. Everything else is secondary.»
Are you tired of living someone else's dream? Undoubtedly, this is your life and you have every right to spend it the way you want without any obstacles or barriers from others. Give yourself the opportunity to develop your creative talents in an atmosphere free from fear and pressure. Live a life that you choose and where you are the master of your own destiny.
Steve Jobs stories
Steve Jobs' Speech to Stanford Class of 2005 (Part One)
Steve Jobs' Speech to Stanford Class of 2005 (Part Two)
In a short statement, Apple's board of directors said: " His brilliance, energy and passion have been the source of countless innovations that have enriched and improved the lives of all of us. The world is an immeasurably better place because of Steve. His greatest love was his wife Lauren and his family. Our hearts are now with them and with everyone touched by his extraordinary talents.».
Fans and admirers of Steve Jobs reacted to the news of his passing. On the website they created, Steve Jobs Day (http://stevejobsday2011.com), its authors propose to consider October 14, when the iPhone 4S should go on sale, as Steve Jobs Day.
Put on a black turtleneck, blue jeans, sneakers and go to work, school, college. Take a photo like this and post it on Twitter or Facebook. Talk about the place of Apple, Steve Jobs and his inventions in everyone's life. This will be the schedule for the day on October 14 for millions of admirers of the genius of Jobs.
Mark Zuckerberg: " Steve, thank you for being a mentor and friend. Thank you for demonstrating that what you do can change the world. I will miss you».
Former colleagues, friends and politicians - everyone talks and writes today only about Jobs.
Barack Obama: " Steve stands among America's greatest innovators - brave enough to think differently, determined enough to believe in his ability to change the world, and gifted enough to do it.».
Bill Gates: " Steve and I first met about 30 years ago. We have been colleagues, competitors and friends for more than half of our lives. It was an incredibly great honor to be friends and work with Jobs. There are few people who can leave as deep a mark as Steve, and his influence will be felt for many generations. I will miss Steve very much».
Arnold Schwarzenegger: « Steve lived the California dream every day. He changed the world and inspired us to follow his example. Thank you Steve».
Dmitry Medvedev: " People like Steve Jobs change our world. My sincere condolences to his loved ones and everyone who appreciated his intelligence and talent.».
If you find an error, please highlight a piece of text and click Ctrl+Enter.
Zodiac sign: Pisces
Place of birth: San Francisco, USA
Height: 188
Occupation: entrepreneur, pioneer of the era of IT technologies, founder of Apple, NeXT and Pixar
Marital status: married
Father : biological:
Abdulfattah "John" Jandali (b. 1931)
foster:
Paul Reingold Jobs (1922-1993)
Mother: biological:
Joan Carol Schieble (b. 1932)
reception:
Clara Jobs (Hagopian) (1924-1986)
Children :O t Chris Ann Brennan:
- Lisa Brennan-Jobs (born 1978),
from Lauren Powell:
- Reed Jobs (born 1991),
- Erin Jobs (born 1995),
- Eve Jobs (b. 1998)
Steve Jobs: biography
Today's issue is dedicated to the great entrepreneur of the previous and our generations - Steven Paul Jobs.
For those who prefer watching a documentary rather than reading, you can find out detailed information about the life of Steve Jobs from the video provided. This is the best thing I found on YouTube. I hope you find it very interesting.
Abdulfatt Jandali's father, a Syrian by birth, served as a teaching assistant at the University of Wisconsin. Mother Joan Schieble, a German by nationality, was a student of the same educational institution. The young people were not married, as the girl’s family was against their relationship. That is why Stephen's mother was forced to give birth in a private California clinic. After which he gives the child to foster parents to raise.
Steve was adopted by Paul Jobs and his wife Clara, who could not have their own children. The only requirement of the biological mother was that the boy should receive a higher education.
Two years later, Steve had a sister, Patty, who was also adopted. After some time, the family leaves San Francisco and stops in the town of Mountain View. In these parts, Paul Jobs found a job without any problems; he was an auto mechanic. It was necessary to raise money to pay for college for the children. Steve's father wanted to instill his son's interest in mechanics, but young Jobs was much more attracted to electronics. With all this, Mountain View was a center of high technology. One way or another, this is where the journey of a great entrepreneur begins.
Elementary school was not an easy test for Steve; the boy had problems with teachers, although he was quite an intelligent student. Even in those years, Jobs Jr. thought that the education system was boring, formal and soulless. But everything changed when one of the teachers was able to find an approach to the restless prankster. As a result, the boy began to study diligently and was able to skip two grades.
During his school years, Steve was interested in radio electronics and went to the corresponding circle. From his inventions in early years You can highlight the electronic frequency meter that he assembled himself. Thanks to his communication skills and his abilities, Steve Jobs worked for some time on an assembly line at the famous Hewlett-Packard company.
At the age of 16, like many other teenagers, the guy began to have conflicts with his parents, mainly with his father. The reason for the disagreement was Steve's passion for hippie culture, the music of Bob Dylan and The Beatles; Jobs Jr. also loved to smoke marijuana and used LSD.
At the same time, Stephen met Stephen Wozniak, who was 5 years older than him. The guys quickly became best friends, as they understood each other without difficulty, and they were both interested in computers and electronics.
It didn't take long before Jobs and Wozniak's first joint invention appeared. In high school they made a device they called a blue box that allowed them to make free phone calls. The essence of the invention was that the guys were able to find an approach to hacking the telephone network by selecting tone signals.
At first it was just fun, but then Stephen realized that he could make money from it. Their shop quickly closed, but the understanding that electronics brings money and the taste of excitement remained.
1972 Steve Jobs enters the private liberal arts college Reed College. The study schedule is very busy, so students had to devote a lot of time to preparation and classes.
After 6 months of training, Jobs could not stand it and quit college, seeing no point in wasting his time. During this period, his biography of a young man was much more attracted to Eastern spiritual practices, Zen Buddhism and vegetarianism.
Apple Company
Steven Jobs begins his work as a technician at the young company Atapi. She was engaged in the production of computer games.
During the same period, Wozniak was working on creating and improving boards for a personal computer, not yet for sale. But after a little time, Jobs began to get a picture of what could happen if he started selling such boards.
And so Steve invites his friend to create a joint computer company, which will later become the legendary Apple company. Below I give you the opportunity to watch a biographical film in which you can trace in more detail how the steps were carried out to create and implement computers.
While working on the first version of the Apple I computer, Jobs showed himself to be an authoritarian, tough, partly tyrannical, but at the same time a skillful leader.
The first development was primitive and more like an electronic typewriter.
And in 1976, Wozniak tried hard and created a new board that could work with color, sound, and could connect external media. Some may think that success came only thanks to Wozniak, however, we must not forget about the incredible organizational skills of Steve Jobs. He put a lot of effort into promoting the device and getting people to buy computers that weren't in great demand.
Steve was very critical of even the smallest design details. Thanks to him, the Apple II was equipped with a beautiful plastic case and a miniature appearance. Jobs was smart and understood what was required of him. For example, he hired professional advertising specialist Regis McKenna, and everyone started talking about the new computer.
Then the Apple III, Apple Lisa and Macintosh were developed. Judging by its financial position, the company rapidly developed and prospered. But, if you look at the picture at first glance, it was clear that there was discord in the company at the highest level. Constant scandals and strife, occurring largely due to the difficult character of Steven Jobs.
NeXT and Pixar
All the litigation led to Jobs being suspended from work!
1984 - Jobs leaves his own company. But he does not lose heart, but on the contrary, quickly organizes a new company, NeXT Computer. From this manufacturer the market received only advanced new products that no one else had. But at their price they were not available to the majority of consumers.
At the same time, Steve Jobs buys Pixar studio from George Lucas for $5 million. The main idea was to use animated films to advertise the capabilities of NeXT computers. 
But when the cartoon “Tin Toy” was released in 1987 and won an Oscar, Jobs realized that he needed to work in a different direction. Later, this studio created such famous full-length animated films as “The Incredibles”, “Cars”, “Ratatouille”, “Finding Nemo”, “Toy Story”, “Monsters Inc.”, “WALL-E”, “Brave” and others.
2006 Steve sells Pixar to Disney for a whopping $7.5 billion. Despite all this, he remained a shareholder.
Undoubtedly, this is one of the greatest entrepreneurs of humanity. And Pixar's cartoons are incredible.
Return to Apple
December 20 1996
year Apple buys NeXT for $429 million, and Steve Jobs returns to Apple and becomes an advisor to the chairman. 
Jobs' new development and achievement in office is the serial production of the iMac all-in-one computer, which attracts everyone with its unusual futuristic design.
This miracle device broke all sales figures in the company's history. In addition, a third of buyers were not previously computer users. All this says only one thing: thanks to the development, a new consumer market has emerged. Steve was absolutely incredible!
The second successful step is the creation of the Apple Store, a network of retail stores around the world , who were engaged in the sale of Apple equipment.
So what made Steve Jobs unique? He not only kept up with the times, but he himself created a new time and dictated the laws of fashion in the IT industry.
For example, a businessman did not miss the opportunity and set up the production of miniature, but at the same time, functional devices that were perfect in their capabilities.
- iTunes media player;
- Music player iPod;
- Touch mobile phone iPhone;
- Internet tablet iPad.
Yes, these devices are unrivaled around the world, but they were also released to the market earlier than their analogues, which leaves no chance for any of the manufacturers.
Have you ever heard of Russians mourning an American entrepreneur? I'm not, but it happened!
Many books have been written about Steve Jobs and many films have been made. I showed you a couple of them above.
Books about Jobs:
- Steve Jobs and Me (I, Woz)/ True story Apple. Gina Smith, Steve Wozniak.
- Steve Jobs. Leadership lessons. Authors: Jay Elliott, William Simon.
- iKona. Geoffrey Young, William Simon
- Steve Jobs in first person. George Beam.
- Steve Jobs. Walter Isaacson.
- Jobs' rules. Universal principles of success from the founder of Apple. Carmine Gallo.
- Behind the scenes of Apple or the secret life of Jobs. Daniel Lyons.
- Steve Jobs about business. 250 quotes from a man who changed the world. Alan Thomas.
- iPresentation. Lessons in persuasion from Apple leader Steve Jobs. Carmine Gallo.
- Becoming Steve Jobs. The rise of Steve Jobs. Authors: Brent Schlender, Rick Tetzeli.
- A man who thought differently. Karen Blumenthal.
- What is Steve thinking? Lander Kenny.
I recommend watching this movie:
Film "iGenius: How Steve Jobs Changed the World"(“iGenius: How Steve Jobs Changed the World”).
Personal life
You can understand how things were with Steve’s personal life by watching the movie “Jobs. Empire of Temptation”, the second video in this article.
Young Steve was loving, as befits the hippie culture. The first woman he loved was Chris Ann Brennan. Their relationship was not easy, it was complex, the couple often quarreled and even separated.
A year ago, on October 5, 2011, American engineer and entrepreneur, co-founder of Apple Inc. Stephen (Steve) Paul Jobs died at the age of 56.
Steven Paul Jobs was born on February 24, 1955 in San Francisco (USA).
Steve's parents, American Joanne Schieble and Syrian Abdulfattah John Jandali, abandoned the child a week after his birth. The boy's adoptive parents were Paul and Clara Jobs. Clara worked as an accountant, and Paul Jobs was a mechanic.
Steven Jobs spent his childhood and youth in Mountain View, California, where the family moved when he was five years old.
While studying at school, Jobs became interested in electronics and attended the Hewlett-Packard Explorers Club.
The young man attracted the attention of the president of Hewlett-Packard and was invited to work during the summer holidays. At the same time, he met his future colleague at Apple, Stephen Wozniak.
In 1972, Jobs entered Reed College in Portland (Oregon), which, however, dropped out after the first semester, but stayed in friends' rooms in the college dorm for about a year and a half. I took calligraphy courses.
In 1974, he returned to California and got a job as a technician at Atari, a computer games company. After working for several months, Jobs left his job and went to India.
In early 1975, he returned to the United States and was rehired by Atari. Together with Steve Wozniak, who worked at Hewlett-Packard, Jobs began visiting The Homebrew Computer Club, where he gave a presentation of the computer board Wozniak had assembled, the prototype of the Apple I computer.
On April 1, 1976, Jobs and Wozniak founded Apple Computer Co., which was officially incorporated in 1977. The roles of the participants were distributed as follows: Steve Wozniak began developing a new computer, and Jobs looked for customers, selected employees and materials necessary for the work.
The new company's first product was the Apple I computer, which cost $666.66. A total of 600 of these machines were sold. The advent of the Apple II computer made Apple a key player in the personal computer market. The company began to grow and in 1980 became a joint stock company. Steve Jobs became chairman of the company's board of directors.
In 1985 internal problems led to the reorganization of the company and the resignation of Jobs.
Together with five former employees of the company, Jobs founded a new company, NeXT, engaged in the development of hardware and software.
In 1986, Steven Jobs acquired a computer animation research company. The company later received the name Pixar Animation Studios (Pixar animation studio). Under Jobs' leadership, Pixar released films such as Toy Story and Monsters, Inc.
In late 1996, Apple, struggling and in need of a new strategy, acquired NeXT. Jobs became an adviser to the chairman of the board of directors of Apple, and in 1997 - interim executive director Apple.
To improve Apple's health, Steven Jobs closed several unprofitable company projects, such as Apple Newton, Cyberdog and OpenDoc. In 1998, the iMac personal computer was released, with the advent of which the growth in sales of Apple computers began to increase.
Under his leadership, the company developed and launched such hit products as the iPod portable player (2001), the iPhone smartphone (2007) and the iPad tablet computer (2010).
In 2006, Steve Jobs sold Pixar to Walt Disney Studios, and he remained on the board of directors of Pixar and at the same time became the largest an individual- shareholder of Disney, receiving a 7% stake in the studio.
In 2003, it became known that Jobs was seriously ill - he was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. In 2004, he underwent surgery, during which metastases were discovered in the liver. Jobs underwent chemotherapy. By 2008, the disease began to progress. In January 2009, Jobs went on six months of medical leave. He underwent a liver transplant operation. After surgery and a rehabilitation period, Jobs returned to work in September 2009, but by the end of 2010 his health had deteriorated. In January 2011, he went on indefinite leave.
The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources
