• Interior
• Windows
• Walls
• Projects
• Buildings

Obtaining government subsidies for business development. Types of assistance from the state. Who can receive subsidies

According to static research, 70% of people who want to start their own business, do not move beyond conversations.

And only 30% of the population have such serious intentions that they are ready to devote all their time to the development of a certain activity.

The importance of small business for the country

The development of the state’s economy largely depends on small businesses, since:

• It is an important sector of the economy. These subjects tolerate external changes more easily. The general economic decline in Russia in the early 90s was compensated precisely by such enterprises and their ability to quickly adapt to new market conditions. Government institutions were unable to cope with competition, which is why they collapsed or were subjected to privatization.
• Small business is the main source of tax deductions. Small companies create budgets different levels. They pay taxes to the budget, create jobs, and provide the population with the opportunity to earn money. By the way, this group of taxpayers is more reliable than representatives of large businesses.
• Small businesses are developing innovative technologies. Some organizations are interested in the development of new scientific and technical inventions. Such activities are welcomed by the state, so entrepreneurs can count on subsidies and additional subsidies.
• They provide employment to people, which has a positive effect on the unemployment rate. A small number of employees contributes to team cohesion, which is not always observed in large enterprises. This increases work motivation and improves work results. No less important is the fact that socially unstable segments of the population can apply for employment, namely: youth, women, immigrants, etc. This is where you can gain the necessary experience, climb the career ladder and self-realization.

Main problems of entrepreneurs

An absolutely natural reaction of a person who decides to engage in any new activity is fear. How small child afraid to take the first step, just as an adult is afraid of the unknown. It is, of course, impossible to completely get rid of fear, but it is necessary to reduce its boundaries. To do this, you should talk to a more successful entrepreneur and gain experience from him.

Every person expects to receive a good income. The main problem of many beginning businessmen is finding a money niche.

It is much more correct to devote oneself to the area in which a person has certain knowledge, skills and abilities, and in which he shows interest.

After identifying a suitable niche, you need to think about where to start and which direction is the most correct. Of course, it will not be possible to do everything without errors, but careful analysis is half the success.

After the start of activity, various questions begin to arise related to choosing the best one, determining the optimal cost, attracting additional funds and their correct distribution. Communication with a successful businessman can solve problems.

Every entrepreneur should learn the “Pareto principle”: 20% of actions lead to 80% of results.

Consequently, only 20% are primary and important, and the remaining 80 cannot be called particularly significant. In general, all your efforts should be directed only to those actions that lead to results.

Another problem for novice businessmen is lack of discipline. Before starting your own business, you need to make sure of your own burning desire, otherwise success is unlikely to be achieved.

What kind of support is provided?

Any developing project needs investments, which can be asked from the state.

So, the Moscow government is ready to provide half a million rubles to newly opened businesses. This type A subsidy is a free provision of funds from the city budget to a legal entity or individual entrepreneur, which partially or fully reimburses the businessman’s expenses.

Small and medium-sized companies that were registered no more than 2 years ago can apply for this subsidy to the Moscow government.

Monetary support can be spent:

• to purchase the necessary funds to conduct activities;
• for the arrangement and equipment of workplaces;
• for the purchase of raw materials and necessary materials(no more than 30% of the total amount);
• payment of rental payments.

Monetary assistance from the state is provided in accordance with the following main condition: the bulk of the funds received must be spent on the needs of the company.

Types of subsidies and grants

To receive government subsidies, a new entrepreneur must consistently perform the following steps:

1. Register with the employment center.
2. Collect and provide the necessary package of documents confirming.
3. Submit to the employment service agent a business plan that details the goals that require government support.

This help provided once and only if the employment center failed to select a suitable workplace for the person. The amount of the subsidy is equal to the amount of the annual unemployment benefit.

Another way to receive assistance is to submit documents to local authorities in accordance with your place of residence. The amount of support here is much larger, although it is also more difficult to obtain - the competition is higher.

Federal subsidies are provided by the Fund for Assistance to Small Enterprises in the Field of Science and Technology. The most profitable programs include:

• "Start". Any company that has been on the market for no more than 2 years and has not yet sold its product has the right to apply for participation (the amount of annual revenue should not exceed 0.3 million rubles). Research and development activities can be financed with a maximum of 6 million rubles. in 3 years.
  The program is provided for several areas: biotechnology, innovative medicine, IT, development of innovative equipment and materials. After the entire amount of the subsidy has been paid, annual revenue must increase to the amount of assistance provided, and the number of employees with their main place of work in the enterprise must be at least half of the total number of workers.
• "Development". This program is intended for companies that form their own niche and have their own history scientific work and a certain level of funds flow. The program allows you to receive up to 15 million rubles, but not more than the amount of personal funds invested in the activity. The assistance is aimed at increasing revenue and profitability.

Among the departmental programs are:

• Two programs for the agricultural industry aimed at supporting farmers and developing livestock. Such grants can be spent on building livestock farms, purchasing animals, and improving everyday life.
• A program seeking to support organizations engaged in high-tech production, as well as introducing science into various business processes. To request funds, please contact the Ministry of Education.
• The Ministry of Industry and Trade is responsible for the development of folk crafts. With government assistance, it is possible to purchase raw materials, organize logistics and significantly promote the fishery. Enterprises that are not included in the list of organizations engaged in folk crafts, which are supported by federal funds, cannot count on funding.

As part of regional programs, a company that does not owe anything to the state can count on the following assistance:

• Subsidies for starting your own business. Any legal entity or individual entrepreneur, registered no more than 1 year ago. In Moscow, up to 500 thousand rubles are allocated, in the regions - up to 300 thousand. An increased subsidy can be issued to enterprises engaged in innovative activities. You can spend money on purchasing fixed assets, paying rent, providing jobs and purchasing raw materials.
• Subsidies for the acquisition of fixed assets on lease. Each individual region has its own rules for issuing this amount: either for making a down payment, or for full repayment of the lease debt, or for both purposes. The amount of assistance varies from 300 thousand to 10 million rubles. (the final amount depends on the cost of fixed assets).
• Loan subsidies. Such assistance does not provide compensation for the body of the loan; its subject is part of the interest for the use of credit money.
• Subsidies for participation in exhibitions– the region compensates the company for the money spent on participation in such an event.

Many nuances various forms support is discussed in the following video:

Where and how to look for help from the state?

Small businesses that need financial assistance must take part in a competitive selection process. He needs not only to assemble a package of statutory and registration documents, but also carefully fill out a special application, the information of which will be the basis for selecting program participants.

Each significant criterion earns a certain point. Based on the results obtained, the most worthy candidate who deserves state support is selected.

The main evaluation criteria include:

• number of jobs created;
• efficiency for the budget (amount of taxes and fees);
• social level of business;
• a number of other specific parameters.

An aspiring businessman must provide a carefully developed business plan with detailed information about the purposes of receiving support, main costs, payback period and profitability.

In addition, an entrepreneur can turn to local governments for help, although the competitive basis here is much more pronounced, since many want to receive help, but the state cannot invest in everyone.

Latest innovations

Based on current trends, we can safely say that there will be even more government programs aimed at supporting business. This area of ​​the economy is considered the highest priority, so it is beneficial for the state to expand and consolidate it.

Several new solutions are aimed at the tax industry, labor relations, business insurance and the work of credit institutions.

The economic situation in the country is such that the state is forced to retain small entrepreneurs with guaranteed demand for their goods and services. For example, a certain percentage of government purchases is established by law. institutions of goods from small businesses.

In accordance with the presidential decree, it is planned to form a state corporation for the development of small businesses. The basis of this organization should be the Credit Guarantee Agency. The main task of the corporation is to create stable and long-term demand for goods offered by representatives of this class of business.

In addition, the Ministry economic development tasked with developing a strategy aimed at developing mid-level businesses. The validity period of this program is 15 years. In August 2015, only the first stage was completed. If successfully implemented, by 2030 small and medium-sized entrepreneurs will occupy about 45% of the state's GDP instead of today's 21%.

Creating and developing your own business requires not only large expenditures of resources, but also serious financial investments in the first stages. You can use your own savings, but the state provides the opportunity to receive a free subsidy for the development of small businesses. Today, several forms of support for beginning entrepreneurs are being implemented at the regional and federal levels.

What is a small business

Regulations on the activities of small and medium-sized businesses were adopted in Russia in 2007. According to state regulations, a small business is an enterprise that is characterized by a small number of employees (up to 100 employees inclusive), an average revenue turnover (up to 800 million rubles per year) and an emphasis on equity capital. Small businesses always react sharply to social and economic changes and flexibly adapt to changes in the market sphere. Required condition– entering data about the organization into the unified state register of legal entities, as well as official registration in accordance with current legislation.

Since the development of small businesses, the state not only began to actively control their activities, but also developed several forms of material support.

Types of subsidies

After the entry into force of the main provisions on small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation, the demand for state support both at the legal and material levels. Several types of gratuitous subsidies have been developed to minimize citizens' own costs for the development of individual entrepreneurship.

Subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed

This form of financial support is intended for citizens who are temporarily unemployed and are registered as unemployment at the Employment Center. The maximum amount of this subsidy is up to 58,800 rubles. Despite the insignificant payment, this amount can significantly help in the first stages. If other unemployed citizens registered in the project are involved, the amount may be increased. This feature is only valid for opening an individual entrepreneur.

To receive a payment, you must be registered with the Central Tax Office at your place of registration, develop and defend a unique business plan. Centers in some regions offer free training in the basics of entrepreneurship and psychological testing, which is a good help for aspiring legal entities.

An unemployed person is a person of working age who has a desire to labor activity, but without official employment and permanent income due to various circumstances.

The direction of the business is of decisive importance when approving a subsidy. Preference is given to socially oriented projects that involve several employees. Plans related to production and sales are not accepted alcoholic products, opening a pawn shop, as well as any form of network marketing.

An important condition for this form of subsidy is the registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC only after receiving financial support. This is due to the fact that the contract is concluded with an unemployed person, and not with a legal entity.

After receiving the subsidy, it is necessary to document the costs of funds in accordance with the business plan. If the legal entity ceases to operate within the next 2 years, the money will need to be returned to the state.

For beginning entrepreneurs

The most common form of subsidy in recent years. She is financial assistance novice entrepreneurs who have been operating for no more than a year. The maximum amount of material support cannot exceed 300 thousand rubles (500 thousand for residents of Moscow and the Moscow region). The program is a form of co-financing - a legal entity must invest at least 50% of its own funds, and the state will compensate the remainder for business development costs. The money received can be used for the following needs:

• Purchase of equipment for carrying out activities;
• Preparation and equipment of workplaces;
• Purchase and supply of raw materials;
• Payment for rent of premises or equipment.

You can apply for funding only if there are no insurance and tax debts for the entire period of the organization’s existence.

Preference in the distribution of subsidies is given to entrepreneurs engaged in social activities. For example, working in the field consumer services, health care or education. After receiving support, you will be required to report to the fund over the next 3 months, providing all necessary reporting.

Under credit and leasing agreements

In most regions Russian Federation There are guarantee funds that actively act as guarantors when obtaining loans to entrepreneurs for the development of their detail. This type of support is beneficial for beginning businessmen, since large loans are often difficult to obtain without a reliable guarantor. Funds do not provide the service free of charge; you will have to pay an additional fee, which can be up to 70% of the total loan amount. Algorithm for receiving assistance under a loan and leasing agreement:

• Searching for information on requirements for borrowers on the fund’s website, in person or by phone;
• Selecting a bank that is a partner of the fund. It is advisable to choose only a large and reliable bank that has all the necessary government certificates;
• Personal application to a bank branch. It is necessary to clarify that the guarantor is the guarantee fund;
• After the bank approves the loan, you can begin to prepare a package of documents. Large funds help prepare all the necessary documentation;
• Conclusion of a tripartite agreement;
• Obtaining a loan with subsequent regular payments and payment for the services of the guarantee fund.

To obtain a guarantee from the fund, it is necessary that it be registered and operate in the same region as the bank branch.

Lending to businesses or legal entities are monetary loans of varying volumes that are issued by a bank for the development and support of entrepreneurship under special conditions regarding the terms of repayment and payment of interest on the loaned amount.

Reimbursement of part of the interest on the loan

If a start-up entrepreneur has an existing loan from one of the Russian banks, you can receive compensation for part of the interest payments with the help of the state. The amount of such a subsidy depends on the current refinancing rate, as well as the total loan amount. There are a number of points to consider in order to receive government support:

• It is necessary to have official legal registration with the tax authorities of your region;
• The organization should not have any existing debts on insurance, taxes, or other obligatory budget payments;
• Loans for the purchase of transport, as well as the purchase of working capital, are not supported;
• The loan must be aimed at business development or production modernization.

This form of subsidy is widespread among small businesses, since the state willingly compensates for interest on the loan, regardless of the focus of the organization’s activities.

Reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement

The state provides the opportunity to compensate part of the funds not only under a loan, but also a leasing agreement. This is relevant for legal entities that have equipment or vehicles purchased from a leasing company.

Leasing – rental of valuable movable or real estate(transport, equipment, premises) with subsequent purchase. This form of lending is beneficial leasing companies, because the client pays more for the property than it is actually worth.

To receive state compensation under a leasing agreement, a legal entity must be officially registered at its place of registration, have no debts and conduct law-abiding activities. The amount of financial support depends on the region, for example, in Moscow it cannot exceed 5 million rubles. All details and conditions for receiving compensation can be clarified in the small business development department of your region.

Issuing loans at reduced rates

In most regions of Russia there are microfinance programs for small businesses that allow you to receive credits and loans on preferential terms. The loan amount cannot exceed 1 million rubles with a repayment period of up to 3 years. Typically, the interest rate for legal entities is from 8 to 10%, but if the organization is engaged in production or agricultural activities, and also provides social services, you can qualify for a reduction of up to 5%.

In addition, the state program allows you to receive a larger amount, as well as increase the term of the loan agreement to 5 years. To receive benefits for a small business loan, you must contact the entrepreneurship support fund at your place of residence. There you can find up-to-date information on requirements, necessary documentation, as well as possible collateral.

Reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs

A current form of government subsidy for small business representatives who actively promote their services and products at various fairs and exhibitions. This allows you not only to present your products to a wide range of consumers, but also to find new partners and investors.

All registered legal entities that do not have debts to the state have the right to receive financial support. The payment amount is one third of the total required amount. Funds can be spent on rental and delivery of equipment, payment of the registration fee. Travel, accommodation and food costs are not eligible for payment. The size of the subsidy can reach 300 thousand rubles depending on the region. Such a service can be received no more than once in a full financial year.

Subsidies are not given to organizations engaged in trading or intermediary activities, as well as the production and sale of excisable goods and certain types of minerals.

Benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs

To develop small businesses in the country, benefits have been developed that start-up entrepreneurs have. Legal entities that have no debts, as well as those that began their activities no more than 2 years ago, are entitled to receive them.

For example, zero tax rate. It was introduced in January 2015 and is valid until December 31, 2020. The tariff is valid for entrepreneurs from the moment of registration of the organization for the next 2 years. People call this benefit “tax holidays”. Entrepreneurs conducting business in the fields of education, science, production, as well as those engaged in socially oriented activities have the right to receive it.

As an anti-crisis measure, a bill was adopted in 2016, according to which in some regions there are reduced rates for new and existing entrepreneurs. Thus, for legal entities using the simplified tax system (STS) it ranges from 1%, and for the unified tax on imputed income (UTII) – from 7.5%.

The reduced percentage of tax deduction is determined by the region, so for clarification you must contact the tax authorities at the place of registration.

What types of businesses can qualify for subsidies?

The application for a subsidy is considered by a commission, which includes both officials and people competent in the field of entrepreneurship - experienced representatives of small businesses, bank employees. Before receiving financial support of any volume, it is necessary not only to provide a complete package of documents, but also to protect the business plan. Sometimes you need to additionally prove your knowledge and skills in the field of economics, modern trends market, as well as the needs of society. There are several factors that can increase your likelihood of receiving a subsidy:

• The planned activity involves the creation of several jobs with stable wages;
• The idea is related to production, socially useful activities, has a youth or innovative orientation;
• It is advisable to have valid contracts or letters of recommendation from reliable organizations, partnerships with the city administration or other business representatives;
• The project must be profitable, which provides for a quick return on investment in the form of in-demand products or timely payment of taxes.

All requested funds must be implemented taking into account the business plan, and upon completion of the subsidy, it will be necessary to submit a full financial report on the work done.

Many people cannot start their own business due to lack of start-up capital. This is a serious obstacle that prevents budding entrepreneurs from realizing their plans. In this case, government financial support becomes a good help. You will learn how to receive a subsidy from the state for small businesses in 2018 from this article.

Types of subsidies

First of all, it should be noted that a subsidy for small businesses from the state is not a credit or a loan. The entrepreneur receives funds free of charge, but only on the condition that he spends them for their intended purpose.

If you want to receive a business subsidy from the state, you need to draw up in advance detailed plan actions, and also calculate possible expenses and future profits. All expense items should be described in as much detail as possible. In this case, officials will clearly understand what you want to spend the money on and, most likely, will make a positive decision. After an individual entrepreneur spends money, he must report for it to regulatory authorities. Documents that confirm their intended use must be attached to the report.

Government programs to support small businesses are great option for those who don't know, .

They can have different target orientations:

• Training of employees at courses;
• Loan payments;
• For rental payments;
• Fixed asset updates;
• Grants for the implementation of a business plan;
• For patenting.

Distribution cash by region is carried out on a competitive basis. The list of events aimed at supporting start-up businessmen expands every year.

Types of subsidies are established by each subject of the Russian Federation individually.

State assistance can be of the following types:

• Opening your own business – 60 thousand rubles;
• Support for entrepreneurs – 25 thousand rubles;
• Assistance for starting a business for an entrepreneur who is disabled, unemployed or the only parent of a minor child - 300 thousand rubles.

The subsidy is issued not only for opening, but also for business development. In addition to financial support, you can also receive other types of government assistance:

• Rental of commercial real estate, special equipment or land plots at low rates, and in some cases even free;
• Preferential bank loans;
• Subsidizing fixed assets for the purchase of equipment or leased equipment.

Funds that support start-up entrepreneurs employ specialists who provide free legal support for businesses and help with accounting.

How to get help?

To get money to start a business from the state in 2018, you need to go through a difficult and long haul. By law, any unemployed person who is registered with the employment center can apply for such assistance. To do this, you need to provide a ready-made business plan. It should indicate the type of activity, information about production equipment and technologies, suppliers of raw materials, etc. It is also necessary to calculate approximate cost project taking into account government subsidies and equity capital.

If you have high hopes for this money, you should carefully prepare from all sides. Initially, the business plan is reviewed by an expert commission, which gives it professional assessment. If your proposal does not seem strong enough or illiterate, you will most likely be rejected. Therefore, before submitting an application, you need to make sure that your project does not have vulnerabilities:

• Sphere. It is best to start your own business in the manufacturing or innovation industry;
• Means. Indicate in the application what you want to spend the subsidy on;
• Jobs. If you plan to hire 5 workers, this will give you certain advantages;
• Qualification. If your team has at least 3 years of experience in the selected industry, you will receive additional points during the assessment.

After you submit all the documents to the department for promoting self-employment of citizens at the employment center, you need to open an account to which the state subsidy for the development of small businesses will be transferred. If your plan is approved, you can register with tax office. You will spend no more than five days to register an individual entrepreneur. After receiving the certificate, you need to submit the following package of documents to the employment center:

• Passport;
• Business plan;
• Application for assistance.

These documents are needed to conclude an agreement between the state and the entrepreneur. Financial assistance will be transferred to your account within a month from the date of signing the agreement.

Reasons for refusal of financial assistance

Let's figure out how to get money for business from the state free of charge in 2018 and at the same time avoid refusal. The most common reason why a subsidy may be refused is the inconsistency of the business plan with the areas of activity whose development is a priority for the state. Therefore, if you have not decided yet, pay special attention to the following areas:

• Agriculture;
• Innovation sphere;
• Education;
• Medicine;
• Tourism.

There are certain areas of activity that are not subject to subsidies:

• Gambling business;
• Banking services;
• Insurance;
• Issuance of loans.

If a person requests too much money, civil service may significantly reduce it or refuse to provide assistance. The fund that issues subsidies makes a decision within 6 months from the date of submission of the application. Therefore, if you really need financial support, apply to several different funds at the same time.

Another common reason for refusal to receive a subsidy from the state to open a small business is a dubious, weak project, when considering which many questions arise. Before making a positive decision, members of the commission must make sure that the financial resources given to you will be used strictly for their intended purpose. It should also be remembered that the state does not finance projects that will be implemented outside our country. An unemployed person who was already receiving a subsidy may also no longer count on government support.

Before applying for a subsidy, you must first find out in order to choose the right area of ​​activity. After this, carefully develop a business plan and collect all the necessary documents.

Features of receiving a subsidy

The main feature of small business subsidies from the state in 2018 is that you will not have to return the money received, since it is issued free of charge. But the state must receive in return new jobs in small enterprises and another strong cell in the economy.

An entrepreneur who signs a subsidy agreement must understand that by doing so he assumes certain obligations. The most important of them is the provision of reporting with documentary evidence of the intended use of the subsidy. The report must be submitted to the tax office within 3 months after receiving financial assistance.

As confirmation you can use:

• Paid payment orders;
• Checks;
• Receipts and any other payment documents.

The report must fully comply with all points ready-made business plan. If an entrepreneur cannot fully or partially confirm the intended use of funds, he will have to return all the money in full. In the terms of the contract there is one more small nuance, which excludes the emergence of fly-by-night companies opened with public money. By agreement, the entrepreneur who received the subsidy must work for at least 1 year.

Before you receive money for small business development from the state in 2018, you need to familiarize yourself with all the features of issuing subsidies in order to avoid problems in the future.

Video: how to get a subsidy for a business?

What can the subsidy be spent on?

Public money should be used only for its intended purpose. An entrepreneur who received a subsidy must account for every penny. To understand where finances can be used, before receiving money from the state for business development in 2018, you need to carefully study the terms of the agreement.

So, what can you spend your money on:

1. Purchase of equipment. It is placed on the balance sheet for 3 years, so you do not have the right to sell or give away the equipment during this period;
2. No more than 20% of the total amount can be spent on renting an office or industrial premises;
3. Purchase of licensed software;
4. Obtaining the necessary licenses;
5. Purchase consumables and raw materials (20% of the total).

Before applying for government assistance, decide to correctly distribute cash flows.

How to draw up a business plan to receive a subsidy?

Developing a business plan is very important point, which you should pay special attention to. If you are sure that your idea is a good idea, you need to convince the officials who decide on issuing government assistance.

Let's consider the main principles of drawing up a business plan:

• Try to express your thoughts simply and clearly, without specific terms;
• Use as much as possible exact numbers. If you want to make 2 million rubles in profit in the first year of operation, indicate in your business plan how you can achieve this;
• The project must contain a clear development strategy. Describe the expected distribution channels, projected demand for products, etc. Also, do not forget to indicate how much money you plan to spend on implementing the idea;
• A well-drafted action plan is the easiest way to receive a business subsidy from the state.

Do not forget that the money received as part of the subsidy must be spent within one year. If your company goes bankrupt for some reason, you will be forced to return all the funds spent.

Promises of all kinds of support for small businesses from high stands are often not taken seriously by small businesses. Indeed, officials and businesses speak different languages: bureaucrats consider the real help to be the provision of information support and the reduction of various administrative barriers (which they often create themselves), but for people in business there is nothing more real than a specific amount of money arriving in their current account.

To be fair, it must be said that despite many conventions, small businesses in Russia can operate under conditions of a gentle tax burden (special tax regimes of the simplified tax system, UTII, PSN, Unified Agricultural Tax). The adopted one assumes an even greater reduction in the tax rate for the simplified tax system and UTII, an expansion of activities for the PSN and tax holidays for individual entrepreneurs engaged in the service sector (in addition to those).

And yet, such support measures are just an opportunity to give the state a small part of the profit received in the form of taxes. Well, what if there is no profit yet, but there is only an idea, for the implementation of which you do not have enough personal finances? Is it possible for an entrepreneur to receive “real money” from the state free of charge? For those who doubt it, we’ll say right away - it’s absolutely real, but, of course, subject to a number of conditions.

Now subsidies to small and medium-sized businesses are provided in accordance with Government Resolution No. 1605 of December 30, 2014. This is not the first document regulating the receipt of free financial assistance from the state, on the basis of which various regional assistance programs have been developed. The exact extent to which state support programs will be implemented in your particular region depends on the activity of local officials.

Types of government support

All assistance programs for entrepreneurs are divided into:

• federal all-Russian;
• departmental (from the Ministry of Education, Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Vnesheconombank, Ministry of Labor);
• regional (taking into account the direction of development of the region).

The specific amount of federal funding for these purposes is calculated using complex formulas given in Resolution No. 1605, but we, of course, are interested in how much money an individual entrepreneur can receive and for what. The types of support and amounts vary by region; let’s take the assistance programs in Moscow as an example.

In addition, to help entrepreneurs in Moscow, the following have been created:

• Microfinance Development Assistance Fund;
• Fund for Assistance to the Development of Venture Investments in Small Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere of Moscow;
• Fund for Assistance to the Development of Small Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Field.

Who can receive subsidies

State assistance will be denied if the entrepreneur provides credit or insurance services, is engaged in pawnshop activities, or works in the gambling business. Financial assistance is not provided to those who extract minerals, sell excisable goods, or are non-residents of the Russian Federation.

Requirements for receiving subsidies depend on the focus of the support program, for example, in Moscow for subsidies for start-up entrepreneurs it is:

• from the moment of registration legal entity or the IP must be no more than 2 years old;
• the applicant must meet the criteria for a small and medium-sized enterprise (No. 209-FZ dated July 24, 2007);
• the applicant for the subsidy must be registered and registered with the tax authorities in Moscow and have no overdue debts on taxes, fees and other obligatory payments;
• The subsidy is issued as part of co-financing, that is, the applicant must have at least 50% of the amount required for the implementation of the project in the form of their own funds.

Procedure for receiving a subsidy

By region, the conditions for providing subsidies may vary slightly, but general principles are the same: competitive basis; serious documentary evidence of the application; state control over the spending of received funds.

Control over the expenditure of gratuitously received subsidies consists of reporting on its intended use and achievement of indicators in accordance with the stated business plan. If it is determined that the recipient of the subsidy spent it inappropriately, A decision will be made to return the amount received within 10 days.

The step-by-step procedure for obtaining state co-financing for the city of Moscow looks like this:

1. Contact the district branch of the State Budgetary Institution "Small Business of Moscow"
2. Prepare a set of documents in accordance with Decree of the Moscow Government dated June 1, 2012 No. 254-PP
3. Submit an application to the nearest branch of the State Budgetary Institution "MBM"
4. Defend the project at a meeting of the Industry Commission of the DNPiP
5. Find yourself in the minutes of meetings of the Industry Commission
6. Conclude an agreement with DNPiP on the provision of a subsidy
7. Provide reports to the State Budgetary Institution "MBM"

And finally, the last question - is it really possible to get real amounts of money in the form of a subsidy after going through all the bureaucratic procedures? Yes, it is possible, and to confirm this, we provide data from the minutes of the meeting of the industry commission for the allocation of subsidies in Moscow dated November 19-21, 2014:

• applications accepted - 163;
• received subsidies - 50 applicants;
• the amount of subsidies ranged from 39 to 500 thousand rubles, with 9 applicants receiving the maximum possible amount (500 thousand rubles).

So, be persistent, and if your idea is really worthwhile, you have a chance to receive half a million rubles from the state free of charge.

Some people believe that starting your own business requires a large start-up capital. In some cases this is true. But even without savings you can start doing business. The main thing is that you have an idea and desire. Take advantage of various government programs that allow you to start your own business without any investment. There are many ways to do this: small business assistance program from the employment center , various grants and funds.

Types of assistance from the state

Entrepreneurs think that only troubles can be expected from the state - tax audits, changes in working conditions and various requirements.

You don’t have to have start-up capital to start your own business - you can just get help

Few people know that you can get real help from the government, especially if you get into regional and federal small business support programs that are regularly launched throughout the country.

Help from the state may be as follows:

• consulting and information (various free courses, seminars, training programs);
• organizational (providing an equipped place at a market or fair);
• infrastructure (numerous funds supporting start-up entrepreneurs, business incubators and centers);
• innovative (if you have some kind of scientific development or an idea, the state can sponsor its implementation);
• financial (providing various compensations, preferential loans, grants, subsidies).
• permitting (an entrepreneur is allowed to conduct a business in a simplified manner without detailed accounting support, obtaining expensive licenses, etc.).

Most often, novice businessmen focus specifically on financial assistance. But it should be understood thatare limited, and you may simply not get them due to great competition. Therefore you must really prepare interesting idea and draw up the right business plan for it in order to outperform your future colleagues.

Please note:Don’t focus only on financial assistance - other types can bring you much more benefits. For example, permitting assistance may completely exempt you from taxes and audits.

Receiving free assistance

Getting a loan from the state is not that difficult, even on preferential terms. The only disadvantage of the loan is that it will have to be repaid (either in small installments every month or at the end of the term). Therefore, you should look for opportunities to receive various grants and other free assistance.

There is no need to give a grant for getting a business - the main thing is to fulfill the conditions for receiving it

It will not need to be given back if you fulfill your obligations and spend the money exactly on what you intended (targeted spending of funds). Free assistance is as follows:

1. Grants. Usually issued from the local or regional budget to beginning or young entrepreneurs. Purpose— implementation of the approved business plan. Usually the amount does not exceed 300 thousand rubles, and the businessman must pay up to 50% of the total amount himself. That is, half of the expenses will be paid by the state, half by you.
2. Subsidies. They are usually issued to experienced businessmen who want to develop further and provide new jobs. The subsidy is issued for the purchase of assets and equipment: it can reach up to 90% of their value. The maximum subsidy amount is 10 million rubles, but it may vary depending on the region of the Russian Federation.
3. Grant for the unemployed. It is understood that a person who has lost his job and has unemployed status can immediately receive all insurance compensation and payments for the year from the employment center. In return, he guarantees to ensure self-employment by opening his own business. It is noteworthy that you can receive this payment for each unemployed person hired for official work. Amount of payments for at the moment is 58 thousand rubles.
4. Repayment of interest on the loan. Typically, the body of the loan received for the purchase of equipment is repaid by the entrepreneur himself, and the state pays half or ¾ of the accrued interest.
5. Another relevant one assistance to small businesses from the state in 2016 - 2017 - This means receiving a subsidy for participation in the fair. Usually, the entrepreneur is compensated from the budget for ½ or ⅔ of the funds spent on rent or delivery commercial equipment. In some cases, the state simply equips trading places itself and invites entrepreneurs to them. The amount of compensation cannot exceed 300,000 rubles.

Farmers can receive additional help: they are given preferential loans for the purchase of seeds, breeding stock, equipment, and infrastructure.

Help from banks

Many banks also offer assistance to budding entrepreneurs. It is much easier to get loans from them than from the state, especially in small towns. The business itself or the entrepreneur's real estate is usually used as collateral for the loan.

You can receive all payments at the employment center for a whole year and open a business