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A very active child: what to do? Symptoms, signs and treatment of hyperactivity in infants

Symptoms of childhood hyperactivity are quite difficult to identify in infancy. Often a lot of controversy arises about this. After all, at an early age, the baby is not yet able to demonstrate any skills, how easily he masters them, and what his behavioral line remains. It is quite difficult to determine the nature of the emotional state of a baby who is not yet able to express himself.

If the baby is very active, in infancy it is quite difficult to distinguish normal from pathology. But this is very important. Noticing symptoms in time allows you to correct the situation and help the child avoid problems in his future life.

Why is it important to diagnose in a timely manner?

All children are different in temperament from birth. But an active baby and a child with hyperactivity disorder are not the same thing.

The syndrome was first described in the 60s. XX century. From that moment on, the state of hyperactivity began to be considered a deviation from the norm. In the 80s The pathology was given the name ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and included in the international list of diseases.

Hyperactivity is considered a neurological disease. And, as with any disease, this situation requires timely and adequate treatment.

If the problem is not given due attention, it can lead to undesirable consequences. Hyperactive children have difficulty getting along with groups. Often their behavior can be expressed by attacks of aggression. They find it difficult to sit still. They are in a constant state of anxiety, which causes their attention to suffer. It is very difficult for a child to concentrate on a subject. Difficulties arise with learning. All of the above can give rise to conflicts with teachers, peers, parents, and subsequently lead to antisocial behavior in a person.

Hyperactive children react poorly to prohibitions. They do not have a developed sense of fear and self-preservation, which is why they create dangerous situations for themselves and others.

When determining hyperactivity syndrome in a child, it is important to concentrate on this problem in time and provide the child with adequate help.

Factors

The causes of the syndrome are not reliably known. It has only been found out that the disease is associated with structural changes in the brain, which disrupts the regulation of the nervous system and provokes the formation of an excess number of nerve impulses.

However, based on the results of observations, factors have been identified that determine predisposition to hyperactivity.

All factors can be divided into three groups:

• Problems during pregnancy.
• Unfavorable course of labor.
• Other factors.

Factors associated with pregnancy include:

• Oxygen starvation of the fetus.
• Stressful state of the expectant mother.
• Smoking.
• Poor nutrition.

Factors associated with childbirth:

• Stimulation of labor, use of forceps, vacuum. C-section.
• Rapid birth.
• Prolonged labor with a long anhydrous period.
• Premature birth.

Other factors include:

• Hereditary predisposition.
• Stressful situation in the family.
• Heavy metal poisoning.

All these factors do not necessarily provoke the development of hyperactivity, but play a significant role in its manifestation.

Diagnostics

The first signs of the disease can be seen in infants. However, due to the complexity of diagnosis at such an early age, only an experienced doctor should give an opinion. If appropriate signs are detected, parents should seek qualified help and not try to self-medicate.

What you should be wary of:

Any of these signs can be observed in a completely healthy child. However, unlike a child with hyperactivity, in a healthy child the symptoms occur sporadically and do not have a regular pattern. While a child with health problems experiences most of the listed symptoms, and they are constant for a long time.

Therapy

Treatment comes down to two methods: medicinal and non-medicinal. Medication methods are used less frequently and only when they cannot be avoided.

The diagnosis method based on a description of the signs is used after the child reaches 6 years of age. Until this time, it is too early to talk about an exact diagnosis. In addition, the method of determination based on the characteristics encountered is subjective. There is a possibility of misdiagnosis. Accurate methods for determining at the moment No.

Based on this, in treatment, first of all, methods that can cause the least harm should be used.

At an early age, non-drug treatment is more often used. This:

• Massage.
• Relaxing baths.
• Osteopathic techniques.
• Correction of parental behavior.

Since the child’s nervous system is still developing, so as not to influence it negative impact, treatment with medications is recommended as a last resort. In Russia, nootropic drugs are used, designed to improve processes in the central nervous system. However, there are no studies confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of using these drugs.

Before making a diagnosis, a comprehensive examination is necessary. For example, some signs of the syndrome in an infant may be caused by diseases of the thyroid gland. That is, the causes of the problem are in a completely different area.

It is important to understand that in infancy the child’s nervous system is unstable and continues to develop. If increased nervous excitability is detected in a baby, parents need to create comfortable conditions for him and eliminate as many factors as possible that provoke the child to overly emotional behavior. The most effective treatment for a baby it is the love and caring attitude of the parents.

ADHD is a serious diagnosis that must be made by an experienced physician. There is a high probability of confusing symptoms with increased emotionality and active temperament. Therefore, you should not hang labels, and in a controversial situation you should seek qualified help.

There is probably no other condition that causes so much controversy and doubt among doctors, parents and psychologists as hyperactivity. Some argue that the problem is far-fetched and does not really exist, while others believe that undetected and uncorrected hyperactivity in childhood threatens career growth, social adaptation, personal relationships of a person in the future.

Which of them is right, what kind of hyperactive child he is, what to do if the doctor gives your baby such a conclusion, we’ll talk in this article.

From this article you will learn:

Most parents who have ever heard about childhood hyperactivity actually have a rather vague idea of ​​what we are talking about, sometimes putting into this concept not a medical, but an everyday meaning. Therefore, first of all, let's understand the terms.

Hyperactivity, or motor disinhibition is a state of the child’s nervous system in which excitation processes in the brain occur more actively than in ordinary children. In other words, brain cells constantly generate nerve impulses that simply do not allow the baby to sit still.

Therefore, a hyperactive child is not just a very active, disobedient, capricious or inattentive bully, as many mothers are used to thinking, but a baby in whose behavior a neurologist (and only he!) saw deviations. The presence of hyperactivity in a child can be detected at any age.

Hyperactivity in infants should not be confused with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is a disorder mental development and can be detected no earlier than 3-4 years of age.

Hyperactive and active: what's the difference?

A healthy baby by nature is always full of energy, active, stubborn and even capricious. These qualities help him to know the world around us and your place in it. This is why it can be so difficult to distinguish motor disinhibition from character traits. However, there are some starting points that can encourage parents to be more attentive to their child's behavior.

Hyperactive babies - what are they?

Most often, such babies are well developed physically. They learn to sit, crawl, and walk earlier than their peers. They find it difficult to sit still and their day is spent on the move. Babies are tireless and fearless, so much so that they often fall from furniture, changing tables, and open windows.

It’s as if they don’t know how to get tired. Even when strength is running out, a hyperactive child will continue to move, accompanied by crying, hysterics, and whims. Only mommy can stop him by picking him up in time.

Such children sleep very little, which amazes their family and friends. 2-3 month old babies can stay awake for 4-5 hours at a time, while their peers divide the day between mother's breast and sleep.

They sleep very lightly, waking up from the slightest noise, and then cannot fall asleep for a long time. They easily get used to motion sickness.

An environment full of sounds, unfamiliar faces, bright lights (the arrival of guests or a trip to the clinic) leads hyperactive kids to real euphoria, forcing them to double their antics.

These kids love toys, but rarely play with them for a long time. They are easy to interest in something, but difficult to captivate. Interest in new toy or the game disappears after a few minutes.

Hyperactive children are very attached to their mother and rarely get along well with strangers. They are prone to fits of anger, throw toys, bite, and fight. In addition, kids are jealous and resolve conflict situations with tears and roaring.

How not to make a mistake?

Since speech and other means of communication are not yet well developed in babies in their first year of life, parents often worry in vain, mistaking age-related cheerfulness for hyperactivity. There are several distinctive features an active healthy baby from a hyperactive one. Temperamental healthy children, as a rule:

• they move a lot, but are tired, prefer to lie down or sit;
• fall asleep well, the duration of daytime and night sleep corresponds to age;
• sleep peacefully at night;
• a well-developed sense of fear, remember dangerous actions and situations and try to avoid them;
• easily distracted during moods and hysterics;
• they begin to recognize the word “impossible” early;
• during moods they are non-aggressive;
• have a temperamental mom or dad.

I would especially like to dwell on the last point. Unlike others, it must be used skillfully. Very often, mothers and fathers who do not have a fiery temperament “suspect” their baby of hyperactivity. A logical connection is triggered: calm parents cannot give birth to a naughty child. The situation is aggravated by grandparents on both sides, who say in surprise: “what kind of guy is he,” “my children have always been lower than the grass, quieter than water.”

This is not the right approach. Genetics is a complex science, and genes that did not manifest themselves in mom and dad can “play” in a child.

Therefore, I would like to once again advise all calm mothers: before turning to a neurologist for help, analyze why the baby is “bothering” you. He is unbearable, annoying with his mobility, curiosity and is completely unlike you in character, or he is really unstoppable with all your understanding of childish nature.

Who's to blame?

A child's hyperactivity always has a physical cause, that is, changes in the functioning of nerve cells in the brain. This may happen if:

• the baby was born via caesarean section;
• the birth was difficult, lengthy, and was accompanied by the use of obstetric forceps;
• the child was born very premature or low birth weight;
• there was a failure during the formation of the nervous system in the prenatal period due to the flu, colds, or under the influence of unfavorable factors environment, bad habits;
• there is a hereditary predisposition, that is, immediate relatives suffered from hyperactivity in childhood.

Can't be cured, but we can help

If you have a hyperactive child, what can you do to help him? The most important thing is to understand that hyperactivity is not a disease, but a type of behavior that depends on the characteristics of your baby’s nervous system. That is, it cannot be cured in the broad sense of the word, but it can be taken under control in such a way that this condition successfully “grows out” and does not progress into adulthood.

Treatment of hyperactivity consists of sequential development of the following stages:

• Psychological preparation of parents;
• Educational approaches to the baby;
• Daily routine.

Psychological preparation of parents

Probably the most important stage. After all, how smoothly the next ones will go depends on its success.

Parents need to firmly understand:

• hyperactivity is NOT a DISEASE, but a personal quality of the baby;
• the child does not deliberately misbehave and cause anxiety to them, this is simply how his nervous system works;
• what happened is no one’s fault;
• it is necessary to accept the child as he is - a mischievous, lively person, capricious and jealous, but passionately loving his mother and father;
• hyperactivity in infants, with the right approach, does not have a negative impact on physical and mental development in the future;
• the baby does not have to be similar in his behavior to the son of Maria Ivanovna or the daughter of Elena Sergeevna, no matter how good they are. He may also act completely differently than mom and dad did at his age. Little man- a big personality and has the right to individuality, even through hyperactivity.

Some of these items are not easy to accomplish. But if the parents accept them, then we can assume that the child’s hyperactivity is half under control.

I would like to say a special word to moms and dads who have a “hyperactive” character. If your temperament is as hot as an Arabian stallion, then it's time to take it under the reins. Calmness, a pre-drawn up plan for the day, and the absence of surprises will help not only create a favorable environment for a hyperactive baby, but will improve the overall emotional background in the family.

Educational approaches to the baby

A hyperactive child, like no other, needs the support of mom and dad. After all, his nervous system is very vulnerable and easily depleted. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the child does not get upset often. This does not mean pandering to every whim. It is simply necessary to protect your baby from negative emotions: do not leave him to cry for a long time, do not lock him in a room as a form of punishment, interrupt his roaring and hysterics as soon as they begin. It is best to distract the baby with a toy, pick it up, go out onto the balcony or go to the window.

Do not scold the child and blame him, he is still so small that he cannot justify himself and say about his love for you.

Praise, kiss and encourage your baby at any age. A baby may not understand the words, but an approving tone will be his best reward.

Find golden mean between severity and connivance. The baby should gradually begin to understand the word “no”.

It is necessary to protect the child from too noisy environments. For example, unfamiliar guests, crowds, public transport. This does not mean keeping him in isolation, but you should remember that the shopping center and a party with friends are not the right place for a hyperactive naughty boy. But a walk in the park, on the playground, or a family picnic is a good reason to splash out energy without harming yourself or others.

Always be ready to help your baby when something doesn’t work out for him. Hyperactive children are very sensitive to failures and immediately get upset if the goal is not achieved the first time. Achieve it together, calmly and wisely support the baby in his exploits.

Daily routine

The best way to deal with manifestations of hyperactivity in a child is daily routine. It not only balances nervous processes, but also disciplines parents.

It's best if your morning wake-up and bedtime hours are the same every day. This will allow you to train your baby’s nervous system and develop its own rhythm.

An important role in the formation of restful sleep is played by the “evening ritual”, which is repeated every day and consists of the same actions. This will teach the baby's body to prepare for sleep. It can be, for example, “bath-lullaby-sleeping at the chest-going to the crib” or, if you are not used to bathing your child every day or a bath, on the contrary, is stimulating, then “changing into pajamas-lullaby-breastfeeding or bottle with formula - sleep in your own crib.”

You should limit outdoor games 1 hour before going to bed.

It is better to place the bed of a baby under one year old in the same room where the parents sleep. Hyperactive children often wake up at night, tormented by disturbing dreams. The affectionate voice of a mother who is nearby is enough to calm down.

The room where the baby spends most of his time should not have a TV or radio on. Bright colors, music, and constantly changing pictures on the screen disinhibit the nervous system. If the children's room is decorated with bright pictures - stickers, posters, large toys, they should be removed. An infant still does not understand their meaning, and bright spots have a stimulating effect on the nervous system.

The chandelier and lamps in the children's room should be made of frosted glass, which softly diffuses light and does not produce disturbing glare.

Hyperactive children must certainly expend energy . Gymnastics, massage, and outdoor games will help with this. You should strictly monitor the duration of active games. Hyperactive children do not feel tired and cannot stop on their own. Therefore, depending on age, periods of active games must be alternated with calm ones.

Final word

Dear parents, your baby is a miracle, no matter what he is. Therefore, instead of asking the question “I have a hyperactive child, what to do now and how to live with this further,” try to calmly and wisely go through this difficult period of formation of a small personality with him.

Hello, dear reader! If you see these lines, it means that in your environment there is a unique child with hyperactivity (son, daughter, pupil, nephew) or you suspect this and are looking for answers to questions from this category. First of all, I will say that you have come to the right place.

It’s worth noting right away that hyperactivity is not a problem. In no case should a child be considered or called “difficult” because of such a feature (a common mistake of psychologically and pedagogically unprepared people). The presented material argues for this thesis and will allow you to understand what hyperactivity is and how to create the most comfortable psychological conditions for a special child for successful socialization and the development of personal potential (you will receive practical recommendations).

Hyperactivity concept

The full name of the feature in question is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Its study is at the intersection of several fields - psychology, medicine (neurology and pediatrics), pedagogy. As a result, you can come across different alternative names for ADHD:

• Neurologists call this phenomenon “motor clumsiness” or “minimal cerebral movement disorders.”
• Psychologists, focusing on the child’s fine motor skills and spatial orientation, define ADHD as “hyperactivity” or “increased motor activity.”

ADHD began to be considered as a phenomenon of the emotional-volitional sphere a little more than 20 years ago. Previously, ADHD was classified as mental retardation (mental retardation). But numerous studies have refuted this differentiation. Yes, the causes of mental retardation and ADHD are identical - organic damage to the child’s brain in the first months of life or during the mother’s pregnancy. However, with a competent approach from the adult environment, children with mental retardation and ADHD are able to achieve different results.

From the point of view of clinical psychology, ADHD currently belongs to hyperkinetic disorders (code F 90 according to the ICD 10 revision), group F 90.0 (“impaired activity and attention”). Hyperactivity is diagnosed if at least 8 of the following 14 signs have made themselves felt in the first 7 years of the child’s life and last for at least six months.

1. Intolerant (“well, when already”), restless (fidgets in his chair, jerks his legs).
2. Cannot sit still, tries to stand up in any conditions (transport, home, classes in kindergarten or school).
3. Quickly gets distracted by the slightest irritant right during a conversation or while doing something (butterfly, noise, cat).
4. He barely waits for his turn in games, prefers active ones, for example, like catching up (but even there there may be an intolerable desire to be the leader or, on the contrary, the runner).
5. Answers quickly and without listening to the question. Example: - Sing, you, when you get up.... (it was assumed that the opponent would finish “What are you doing first?”) - Usually at eight (the child’s early response). There may be more abstract and irrelevant answers.
6. Does not like instructions and has difficulty following them.
7. Has difficulty following a task or role in a game.
8. Gives up one activity and easily switches to another (does not throw toys around, as it might seem, but forgets and gets distracted, switches).
9. Restless while playing.
10. Talkative, often hyper sociable.
11. He interrupts and tries to defend his opinion.
12. Doesn't hear what they said to him or what they called him (he's so carried away by something that he doesn't notice).
13. Confused (loses objects of labor, toys, things).
14. “I see the goal - I see no obstacles.” He is so physically active that he does not notice barriers.

Obviously, the described phenomena can be mistaken for stubbornness, disobedience, and more. It is important to understand that the child does this (for example, ignores instructions) not because he does not want to, but because his neural processes proceed differently and do not allow him to react in the generally accepted way.

• Hyperactive children are characterized by cyclical brain function. On average, it works actively for 5-15 minutes, then recovers within 3-7 minutes.
• The operation of the auditory analyzer is also different. Children with ADHD have difficulty recognizing several similar sounds in a row and repeating them.
• There are also problems with coordination, which is reflected in the drawings (uneven lines, disproportion, primitiveness) and when playing sports.
• Speech is fast and confused or, on the contrary, slow, delayed speech development and stuttering occur.

Causes of hyperactivity

Despite the fact that the onset of ADHD development lies in organic disorders during the child’s intrauterine development, negative factors act from two sides (biological and social). Until 2 years of age, the biological factor predominates, later – the social factor. Biological negative factors include:

• prematurity and postmaturity;
• intrauterine infections;
• birth injuries (asphyxia);
• difficult pregnancy (threat of miscarriage, toxicosis in the 2nd and 3rd trimester);
• poisoning of any nature during pregnancy (including smoking, alcohol);
• anemia in a pregnant woman;
• pregnancy before 20 years of age.

There is a theory of genetic predisposition to hyperactivity. During the experiment described by E.L. Grigorenko in his work “Features of the psychophysiological development of children with hyperactivity” established that this fact takes place.

Among social factors The development of hyperreactivity is influenced by:

• everyday, emotional, cognitive and sensory (failure to meet the child’s current needs), that is, inadequate care, neglect, failure of parents to fulfill their responsibilities;
• ill-being of addiction ( , drug addiction, ).

A separate theory includes the role of nutrition of the mother and then the child. According to this concept, the development of hyperactivity is promoted by “artificial” nutrition, that is, processed foods, additives, and an abundance of lead.

Features of hyperactivity and its differences from similar phenomena

It has been noted that in boys aged 7 to 12 years, hyperactivity occurs 2-3 times more often than in girls of the same age. This is explained by the greater weakness of the central nervous system (central nervous system) during the period of pregnancy by the mother of the fetus in boys to negative factors and the greater ability of the female brain to perform compensatory functions (substitution, achieving the necessary behavior with the help of other systems and brain processes).

Is an active preschooler (schoolchild) always hyperactive? No, not always. It is important to be able to distinguish hyperactivity not only from serious pathologies, but also to differentiate it from (pronounced individual properties of temperament, for example, overactivity), which is natural for children preschool age mobility. The following factors can cause behavior similar to ADHD:

• death of a family member;
• other serious deformations in the family cycle;
• lack of motivation and interest in any activity;
• transfer to a new educational institution (school, kindergarten);
• demanding parents and other stress.

Stress can cause impulsiveness and irritability, and decreased attention. Please remember yourself after a long, hard day at work. Everyone is capable of turning into a hyperactive child for some time: “I don’t see anything, I don’t hear anything, I don’t want anything. Needs improvement. Now I’ll just drink some tea. Oh, what an interesting article in the newspaper (Internet). Must read."

Reduced performance against the background of excessive (nervous) fuss and whims is a common phenomenon, isn’t it? If not, then you are definitely a lucky person! However, no one is immune from this. You can’t think that a child doesn’t have problems. He has a sea of ​​them: he “fights” and gets to know the world and himself.

That is why the child’s behavior is monitored for at least six months (the first point of this article). During this time, hyperactivity can be distinguished from:

• asthenic syndrome;
• fatigue;

More information about how to distinguish hyperactivity from other phenomena is described in the book by M.S. Staroverova “Psychological and pedagogical support for children with emotional-volitional disorders: practical materials for psychologists and parents.” Differentiation there is given on the principle of “by contradiction”. Methods for identifying other behavioral phenomena are given, and the coincidence of several points from the named behavioral features is taken into account (based on the type of material from the first part of this article). If the information interests you, the book can be found on the Internet.

Thus, hyperactivity is manifested by inattention, excessive mobility (including in speech), impulsivity (low self-control), problems in body movement and fine motor skills. It is difficult for such children to get along with other people. They are intrusive and disorganized. Why do they often become, they may not be accepted into the company. Therefore, it is necessary to help them enter society.

Solutions

To determine the direction of action regarding correction of a child’s behavior, it is important to remember possible reasons and find specific ones for your individual case. That is, it is not the child who needs to be changed, but his micro- (family) and macro-environment (kindergarten, society), the climate around him (the social situation of development).

First of all, you need to find allies. They mean addressing:

• full-time psychologist;
• teacher (educator);
• defectologist of the institution where the child is studying.

Only together can we ensure work on macro- and microsociety. A child with hyperactivity needs comprehensive psychological, medical, pedagogical (social) support. In many educational institutions are currently operational). If there is such an opportunity, it is better to go there immediately.

It is important to actively work to improve the family. Next we present general recommendations parents on interaction with a hyperactive child.

1. Be consistent, firm and realistic in your demands, rewards and sanctions (phrases like “I don’t know what I’ll do to you” or “I’ll kill you” are absolutely not suitable).
2. Remember that your child is special, and not harmful (he does not want to “harm” you).
3. Control your child’s actions and do them together.
4. Try to avoid rude and unambiguous answers (prohibitions), and explain to your child in a reasonable manner why his actions upset you or why he should not behave this way.
5. Focus on mutual understanding and trust.
6. Be adequate (not to indulge, but also not to demand the impossible).
7. Win the child over, surprise, attract his attention (an unexpected joke, copying his behavior).
8. Be patient (you need to get used to the idea that you need to repeat your requests often, forget the phrases “how many times can you repeat” and “I won’t repeat to you again.” You will, but in a calm and even tone, and until you are heard ).
9. Arouse the child’s interest, reinforce the words with actions, pictures, gestures, and visuals (“Let’s collect toys at speed; whoever wins will get a token on his board. Look how beautiful it is!”).
10. Always listen to your child and respond to him.

It is also important to monitor your relationship with your spouse and set a personal example for your child in behavior (screaming can only teach screaming).

It is recommended to create a daily routine. What is important is that it should be common to all family members, and not just to the child. Avoid overwork, overload, noisy places, create a workplace for the child with a minimum of external stimuli.

• Working with a hyperactive child important role occupied by a system of rewards and punishments. It definitely has to be there.
• But it is strictly forbidden to use physical or morally abusive punishments and monetary rewards.
• It is acceptable to enter points and fulfill wishes. Don't be stingy with praise.
• However, at the same time, it is worth considering that hyperactive children respond poorly to beliefs.
• If there is a need for punishment, then it is better to deprive the child of sweets, entertainment, and put him in a corner. But! Clearly say in advance: “I ask you... if you don’t, I will be forced to take your phone away for the day.”

Draw up an “agreement” on the division of responsibilities. To develop self-control, a child must have exclusively his own responsibilities around the house. It is important to take into account the child’s age, developmental characteristics and personal preferences. Everything must be done in cooperation. Help, but don't do the work for him. Simple one-part tasks should be given. It’s better to have several small ones, but in turns.

Use excess activity to your advantage. Find out what abilities your child has and what interests him. For example, you can go swimming.

Please do not confuse control over a child’s actions with total control over his life. Let him gain experience, make mistakes, be late, get bad marks, lose friends (but with your help, of course, get them back).

Games for attention

In order to develop the attention of a hyperactive child, you can use games (depending on age):

1. Ask your baby to repeat your movements.
2. Older children can be given a task with finding a specific letter (number) in the text. It is recommended to add an element of competition and games. For example, when you lose, crow.
3. It is recommended that schoolchildren be given tasks to arrange numbers, for example, according to ascending order. Or give a filled-in field and ask to connect the numbers according to a certain criterion.
4. Composing words from words, that is, searching in one another, for example, “scooter” - “scat”. Suitable for adult children.

Don't forget to consider the child's age. The task should be interesting and understandable.

Finding differences in pictures or indoors, games for reaction speed, “snowball”, “Broken phone”, “Clap - word” (the child claps when he hears a pre-agreed category among the words spoken by an adult, for example, “plants”) will also help in correcting hyperactivity. Thus, we again came to the same conclusion - work with your child.

Instead of an epilogue, or conclusions

A hyperactive child is hard to miss. The name of the phenomenon speaks for itself. They may be mistakenly called “hooligans”, “unhearing”, “lazy”, etc. In fact, they live in their own norm. They are not aware of other behavior options. Their essence is divided into three categories:

• inattention (98-100% of children with ADHD);
• excessive activity (70%);
• impulsiveness (63-68%).

So, a child with ADHD is normal, but he sees the world from the perspective of his norm. You need to learn to understand it. To put it simply, scolding a child, using punishments or phrases like “why can’t you behave like all normal children” are strictly prohibited (by the way, such remarks should in any case be avoided when raising a child). This can only be achieved:

• demotions;
• growth and isolation;
• loss of one’s own authority in his eyes;
• deterioration of relationships.

Briefly, all recommendations for interacting with a hyperactive child can be described in one word - communicate. Be with your child, tell him about the world, be interested in his condition and feelings. Talk about his strengths and weaknesses. Help develop the first and learn to smooth out the second. The basic principle of cooperation with a hyperactive child: reinforce the desired behavior and increase praise, ignore unwanted actions.

Who knows, you might have a new famous comedian, rock star or rapper on the rise. Yes, Avril Lavigne, Justin Timberlake, Howie Mandel, Ozzy Osbourne, Channing Tatum, Jim Carrey and many other brilliant and famous personalities We were once just kids with hyperactivity. There is even a scientific opinion that hyperactivity is a harbinger of genius. Of course, if you learn to manage the situation in your favor.

I hope the article was useful to you. Psychological comfort to you and your family! Read about ADHD in adults.

One of the most common diseases in children is hyperactivity. According to statistics, 20% of children aged 3 to 5 years have this diagnosis. This is when the disease manifests itself to its maximum.

A hyperactive child experiences inconvenience during learning and does not socialize well. It is difficult for him to establish contact with peers and to concentrate on gaining knowledge. The pathology may be accompanied by other diseases of the nervous system.

In 1970, hyperactivity was included in the international classification of diseases. It was given the name ADHD, or attention deficit disorder. The disease is a disorder of the brain that results in constant nervous tension. Children shock adults with behavior that does not correspond to established standards.

Teachers usually complain about students who are too active. They are restless and constantly undermine discipline. Mental and physical activity is increased. Memory and motor skills may remain unimpaired. The disease most often occurs in boys.

Reasons for the development of pathology

Most often, brain malfunctions begin in utero. Hyperactivity can lead to:

• finding the uterus in good shape (threat of miscarriage);
• hypoxia;
• maternal smoking or poor diet during pregnancy;
• constant stress experienced by a woman.

Sometimes pathology occurs due to disruption of the birth process:

• swiftness;
• a prolonged period of contractions or pushing;
• use of drugs for stimulation;
• birth before 38 weeks.

Hyperactivity syndrome occurs most rarely due to other reasons not related to the birth of the baby:

• diseases of the nervous system;
• family problems (conflicts, tense relationships between mom and dad);
• overly strict parenting;
• chemical poisoning;
• violation of the diet.

The listed reasons are risk factors. It is not necessary that a baby with this syndrome is born during rapid labor. If the pregnant mother was constantly nervous, often in confinement due to uterine hypertonicity or oligohydramnios, then the risk of ADHD increases.

Symptoms of pathology

It is quite difficult to separate excessive activity and simple mobility. Many parents mistakenly diagnose their children with ADHD when this problem actually does not exist. Some symptoms may indicate neurasthenia, so you cannot prescribe treatment yourself. If you suspect hyperactivity, consult a specialist.

Before the age of 1 year, brain disorders manifest themselves with symptoms:

• excessive excitability;
• violent reaction to daily procedures (crying during bathing, massage, hygiene procedures);
• increased sensitivity to stimuli: sound, light;
• problems with sleep (babies periodically wake up at night, stay awake for a long time during the day, find it difficult to sleep);
• delayed psychomotor development (they begin to crawl, walk, talk, sit later).

Children under 2-3 years of age may experience speech problems. She has been at the babbling stage for a long time; the baby has difficulty forming word combinations and complex sentences.

Up to a year, hyperactivity is not diagnosed, since the described symptoms may appear due to the whims of the baby, problems with the digestive system, or during teething.

Psychologists around the world have recognized that there is a crisis of 3 years. With hyperactivity, it is acute. At the same time, older family members are thinking about socialization. They begin to take the baby to preschool institutions. This is where ADHD begins to manifest itself:

• restlessness;
• chaotic movements;
• motor impairment (clumsiness, inability to hold cutlery or a pencil correctly);
• speech problems;
• inattention;
• disobedience.

Parents may notice that getting their preschooler to sleep becomes difficult. A three-year-old child begins to feel very tired in the evening. The baby begins to cry for no reason and show aggression. This is how accumulated fatigue makes itself felt, but despite it the baby continues to move, actively play, and talk loudly.

ADHD is most often diagnosed in children between 4 and 5 years of age. If mom and dad paid little attention to the health of the preschooler, then the symptoms will appear in elementary school. They will be noticeable:

• inability to concentrate;
• restlessness: during the lesson the student jumps up from his seat;
• problems with the perception of adult speech;
• hot temper;
• frequent nervous tics;
• lack of independence, incorrect assessment of one’s strengths;
• severe headaches;
• imbalance;
• enuresis;
• numerous phobias, increased anxiety.

You may notice that a hyperactive student has excellent intelligence, but has problems with academic performance. As a rule, the syndrome is accompanied by conflicts with peers.

Other children avoid overly active children, because it is difficult to find them common language. Children with ADHD often become conflict instigators. They are overly touchy, impulsive, aggressive, and mistakenly assess the consequences of their actions.

Features of the syndrome

For most adults, a diagnosis of ADHD sounds like a death sentence. They consider their children to be mentally retarded or defective. This is a big mistake on their part: due to prevailing myths, parents forget that a hyperactive child:

1. Creative. He is full of ideas, and his imagination is better developed than that of ordinary children. If his elders help him, he can become an excellent specialist with non-standard approach or a creative person with many ideas.
2. The owner of a flexible mind. He finds a solution not an easy task, making your work easier.
3. Enthusiast, bright personality. He is interested in many things, he tries to attract attention to himself, strives to communicate with as many people as possible. a large number Human.
4. Unpredictable, energetic. This quality can be called both positive and negative. On the one hand, he has enough strength for many different things, but on the other hand, it is simply impossible to keep him in place.

It is believed that a child with hyperactivity constantly moves chaotically. This is a persistent myth. If an activity completely absorbs a preschooler, he will spend several hours at it. It is important to encourage such hobbies.

Parents need to understand that hyperactivity in children does not in any way affect their intelligence and talent. These are often gifted children; in addition to treatment, they need education aimed at developing the skills given by nature. Usually they sing well, dance, design, recite poetry, and enjoy performing in public.

Types of disease

Hyperactivity syndrome in children may have different symptoms, since this disease has several forms:

1. Attention deficit without excessive activity. Most often this variety occurs in girls. They dream a lot, have a wild imagination, and often lie.
2. Increased excitability without attention deficit. This is the rarest pathology, accompanied by damage to the central nervous system.
3. Classic ADHD. The most common form, its course scenario is individual for each case.

Regardless of how the disease progresses, it must be treated. To do this, you need to undergo several examinations, interact with doctors, psychologists, and teachers. In most cases, children are prescribed sedatives. A consultation with a psychoanalyst is mandatory for parents. They must learn to accept the illness and not put “labels” on the child.

Diagnostic features

At the first visit to specialists, it is impossible to make a diagnosis. A final verdict requires observation lasting about six months. It is carried out by specialists:

• psychologist;
• neurologist;
• psychiatrist.

All family members are often afraid of going to a psychiatrist. Do not hesitate to come to him for a consultation. Experienced specialist will help you correctly assess the condition of a small patient and prescribe treatment. The examination should include:

• conversation or interview;
• behavior observation;
• neuropsychological testing;
• filling out questionnaires by parents.

Based on this data, doctors receive complete information about the behavior of a small patient, which allows them to distinguish an active baby from one who has disorders. Other pathologies may be hidden behind hyperactivity, so you should be prepared to undergo:

• Brain MRI;
• ECHO CG;
• blood tests.

In order to promptly identify concomitant pathologies, it is necessary to consult with an endocrinologist, epileptologist, speech therapist, ophthalmologist, and otolaryngologist. It is important to wait for a final diagnosis.
If doctors refuse to refer you for examinations, contact the head of the clinic or work through psychologists from educational institutions.

Complex treatment

There is no universal ADHD pill yet. Children are always prescribed complex treatment. Some recommendations on how to help a hyperactive child:

1. Adjustment motor activity. Children should not play competitive sports. Demonstrations of achievements (without evaluations) and static loads are acceptable. Suitable species sports: swimming, skiing, cycling. Aerobic exercise is allowed.
2. Interaction with a psychologist. Techniques are used to reduce the level of anxiety of a small patient and to increase his communication skills. Success scenarios are modeled and activities are selected to help increase self-esteem. The specialist gives exercises to develop memory, speech, and attention. If the violations are serious, then a speech therapist is involved in corrective classes.
3. A change of scenery and environment is useful. If the treatment is beneficial, the attitude towards the baby will be better in the new team.
4. Parents react sharply to behavioral problems of their children. Mothers are often diagnosed with depression, irritability, impulsiveness, and intolerance. Visiting a psychotherapist with the whole family allows you to quickly cope with hyperactivity.
5. Auto-training, classes in sensory relaxation rooms. They improve the activity of the nervous system and stimulate the cerebral cortex.
6. Correcting the behavior of the whole family, changing habits and daily routines.
7. Therapy using medications. In America, psychostimulants are often prescribed for ADHD. In Russia they are prohibited for use, since this group of medicines has a lot of side effects. Doctors recommend nootropic drugs and sedatives that contain herbal ingredients.

Drug therapy is used only when other methods of treatment have failed. The use of nootropics for hyperactivity does not have an evidence base; they are usually prescribed to improve blood supply to the brain and normalize metabolic processes in it. Using these medications can improve memory and concentration.

Parents should be prepared for the course of treatment to last several months. Medicines give a positive effect after 4-6 months, but you will have to work with a psychologist for more than one year.

No one can be diagnosed with ADHD without testing. Only a specialist can see signs of hyperactivity in children. You should not make a diagnosis or prescribe medications on your own. Do not neglect the recommendations of specialists and conduct regular examinations. Many people are interested in the peculiarities of life in a family with a hyperactive child - what should parents do - the advice of a psychologist in this case is as follows:

1. Organize your day. Include consistent rituals. For example, before bed, give your baby a bath, change him into pajamas, and read a story. Do not change your daily routine, this will save you from hysterics and excitement in the evening.
2. A calm and friendly environment at home will help minimize energy emissions. Unexpected arrivals of guests and noisy parties are not a suitable atmosphere for children with hyperactivity.
3. Choose a sports section and make sure you attend classes regularly.
4. If the situation allows, do not limit the activity of the baby. He will throw out his energy and become calmer.
5. Punishments such as sitting still for long periods of time or doing tedious work are not suitable for children with ADHD.

Many people are interested in how to calm a hyperactive child. For this purpose, psychotherapists provide individual consultations based on changes in the educational process. First of all, keep in mind that with ADHD children deny any inhibitions.

Using the words “no” and “can’t” is sure to provoke hysterics. Psychologists recommend making sentences without using direct negatives.

Tantrums need to be prevented. This can be done by correcting behavior.

Another problem with ADHD is lack of time control and frequent attention shifts. Gently guide your child back to the goal. Make sure that the task takes a certain amount of time to complete. Give directions or teach lessons sequentially. Don't ask multiple questions at once.

Spend a lot of time with overly active children and pay attention to them. Engage with them joint activities: walk through the forest, pick berries and mushrooms, go on picnics or hikes.

At the same time, avoid noisy events that have a stimulating effect on the psyche. Change the background of your life. Instead of watching TV, turn on calm music and limit your time watching cartoons.

If a hyperactive baby is overexcited, do not yell at him and exclude physical violence. Speak to him in a calm and firm tone, hug him, take him to a quiet place (away from other children and people), find words of comfort, listen.

Features of the learning process

Treatment of hyperactivity in school-age children should be carried out jointly with teachers. They must know about the student’s problems and be able to engage him in class. Most often, programs with creative elements in classes and simplified presentation of material are used for this purpose.

Nowadays, inclusive education is being developed throughout the country, which, with the syndrome, allows children to gain knowledge not at home, but in a group. Problems and misunderstandings cannot be ruled out. The teacher must be able to resolve conflicts in the classroom.

During the lesson, hyperactive children need to be involved in active actions. The teacher should give such students small assignments. They can wash the blackboard, take out the trash, hand out notebooks, and go get chalk. A little warm-up during the lesson will allow you to splash out the accumulated energy.

Possible consequences

You shouldn’t let pathology take its course. The child is not able to cope with ADHD on his own. He will not outgrow this syndrome.

In advanced cases, hyperactivity leads to manifestations of physical aggression towards oneself and others:

• bullying by peers;
• fights;
• attempts to beat parents;
• suicidal tendencies.

Often a hyperactive student with a high IQ graduates from school with unsatisfactory grades. He cannot get an education at a university or college and has problems finding employment.

In an unfavorable social atmosphere, the grown-up student leads a marginal lifestyle, takes drugs or abuses alcohol.

In a supportive environment, ADHD can be beneficial. Mozart and Einstein are known to have had this syndrome. However, you should not rely only on natural data. Help your child realize his importance and direct his energy in the right direction.

Nowadays, children are increasingly talking about hyperactivity. Many people do not fully understand what this term means and apply it to all mobile and active children. However, hyperactivity is not just increased activity of the baby, it is a violation of the child’s behavioral reactions associated with impaired brain function.

What kind of hyperactive child is he? What should the parents of such a child do? After all, they will have to face a lot of problems, learn to correct their child’s behavior, and help him adapt to school, and this is usually very difficult.

The term “hyperactivity” itself means greatly increased activity and excitability of a person. Hyperactivity is most common in children, as they have less control over their emotions.

With hyperactivity, the nervous system is usually unbalanced. The child develops behavioral disorders that require correction. IN modern world More and more children are suffering from this disorder.

Typically, a hyperactive child has the following disorders:

• Cannot concentrate attention on any action for a long time. This especially often causes problems at school.

After all, it is difficult for a child to sit through a lesson, listen to the teacher, and complete assignments. Such children are forgetful and absent-minded. Even sitting in front of the TV for a long time is problematic for such children.

• Increased emotionality and impulsiveness.

Hyperactive children often cannot control their emotions, splashing them out on others, and commit unexpected impulsive actions.

• Motor activity beyond measure.

Many children, especially in preschool and primary school age are quite mobile. However, hyperactive children stand out even against their background. They cannot sit still, they literally dance if they are seated. Their hands and legs are in motion, their eyes dart, their facial expressions change.

If a child has one or two of the above disorders, then most likely these are simply age-related behavioral characteristics. With age, the child will learn to better control his emotions, and his behavior will level out. However, if the baby has all of the listed disorders, then this is a reason to consult a specialist.

It is important to suspect and diagnose this disorder in time, rather than later reap the fruits of misunderstanding your child.

From a medical point of view, hyperactivity - hyperdynamic syndrome - is a diagnosis. It can be installed by a neurologist or neurologist. Most often, this diagnosis is associated with minimal brain dysfunction and dysfunction of the central nervous system.

In the next video, Dr. Komarovsky will tell you what hyperactivity is:

When it appears

It is believed that hyperdynamic activity syndrome manifests itself most clearly in preschool (4-5 years) and primary school age (6-8 years). The child falls into children's group and cannot withstand the modern pace of learning.

All the signs of his hyperactivity immediately appear: the teacher or educator cannot cope with the child, he does not master the curriculum and other problems of his behavioral disorders.

However, the first signs of hyperdynamic syndrome can be detected in infancy. Such babies are very active and emotional: they get unstuck from their diapers, fall, if you just turn away for a moment, they sleep poorly, their sleep is superficial, restless, and they can scream all night for no reason.

As they grow older, the behavior of hyperactive children continues to “delight” their parents: they get out of playpens and strollers, often fall, get into everything, and knock over everything.

Babies are already 1-2 years old and active and overly mobile; mothers can barely keep up with them. They are not interested in games where you need to think, add, build. It is difficult for a hyperactive child to finish listening to a fairy tale or watching a cartoon; he cannot sit still.

What should parents do if they suspect their child has hyperactivity disorder?

Norm or pathology. False hyperactivity

Very often, hyperactivity is confused with normal child behavior, because most children aged 3-7 years are quite active and impulsive, and have difficulty controlling emotions. If a child is restless and often distracted, then they say that he is hyperactive. However, for children junior classes Lack of concentration and the inability to sit still for long periods of time is usually the norm. Therefore, hyperdynamic syndrome can be difficult to diagnose.

If a child, in addition to attention deficit and increased activity, has problems establishing relationships with peers, is inattentive to the feelings of others, does not learn from his mistakes, and does not know how to adapt to the environment, then these signs indicate a pathology - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

From a neurological point of view, this diagnosis is quite serious and the child needs treatment, the sooner the better.

Diagnostics

If parents suspect that their child has ADHD, they should consult a pediatric neurologist. The doctor will prescribe the appropriate examination that needs to be completed. Indeed, more serious pathologies may be hidden under the symptoms of hyperdynamic syndrome.
Diagnostics includes three stages:

1. The doctor collects data on the child’s behavior and reactions, about the peculiarities of pregnancy and childbirth, previous diseases, hereditary pathologies of family members.
2. Conducts special tests and evaluates results and the amount of time spent, as well as the reaction and behavior of the child in this case. Usually such tests are carried out for children 5-6 years old.
3. Electroencephalogram. This examination assesses the condition of the child's brain. It is painless and harmless.

After receiving all the results, the neurologist makes a diagnosis and gives his conclusion.

Signs

The main signs that help recognize a child’s hyperactivity:

1. The child has increased causeless motor activity. He spins all the time, jumps, runs, climbs everywhere, even if he knows that he shouldn’t. It lacks the process of inhibition in the central nervous system. He just can't contain himself.
2. Can't sit still, if you sit him down, he spins, gets up, fidgets, and cannot sit still.
3. When talking, he often interrupts the interlocutor and does not listen to the question. to the end, speaks off topic, does not think.
4. Can't sit quietly. Even when playing, he makes noise, squeaks, and makes unconscious movements.
5. He can’t stand in line, he’s capricious and nervous.
6. Has problems interacting with peers. Interferes in other people's games, pesters children, and does not know how to make friends.
7. Does not take into account the feelings and needs of other people.
8. The child is very emotional and has no ability to control either positive or negative emotions.. Often causes scandals and hysterics.
9. Child's sleep is restless, during the day he often doesn’t sleep at all. In his sleep he tosses and turns, curls up into a ball.
10. Quickly loses interest in activities, jumping from one to another and not finishing.
11. The child is distracted and inattentive, cannot concentrate, and often makes mistakes because of this.

Parents of hyperactive children face difficulties from an early age. The child does not obey his parents, it is necessary to control him all the time, constantly being nearby.

You can learn more about the signs of this syndrome by watching the video:

Reasons

Experts consider the following situations to be the main reasons that can cause dysfunction of the child’s nervous system, and, consequently, hyperactivity syndrome:

• Heredity (genetic predisposition)
• Damage to brain cells in the prenatal period or during labor.

This may be fetal hypoxia, infections, birth injuries.

• Disorders caused by an unfavorable family environment, abnormal living conditions, improper educational process, illnesses and injuries after birth.

According to statistical data, male children are more likely to suffer from hyperactivity.. For every five boys, only one girl is diagnosed with this condition.

Classification of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

There are the following types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD):

1. Hyperdynamic syndrome without attention deficit.
2. Attention deficit disorder is present, but without hyperactivity (it usually occurs in female children - these are calm, absent-minded, quiet girls).
3. A combination of attention deficit disorder and hyperdynamism.

ADHD can be primary, occurring in utero, or secondary (acquired), acquired after birth as a result of injury or illness.

Also distinguish simple form diseases and complications. In the complicated form of ADHD, other signs are added to the symptoms: nervous tics, stuttering, enuresis, headaches.

Treatment

Treatment of ADHD requires a comprehensive approach. Some procedures, medications, and diets are used, but the main emphasis is on psychological correction and the right approach to raising a hyperactive child.

In Europe and the United States, psychostimulant drugs are widely used to treat ADHD. They are quite effective, but have many side effects. The main ones are digestive disorders, headaches, insomnia, and growth retardation. In Russia, ADHD is treated with nootropic drugs that have a positive effect on brain function (Holitilin, Encephabol, Cortexin).

These remedies are more effective for attention deficit.
When focusing on hyperdynamic syndrome, drugs are used that affect the inhibitory reactions of the central nervous system (Fentibut, Pantogam).

Only a doctor can prescribe medications! The medication is taken under the supervision of a specialist. In addition, it is possible to use procedures involving stimulation of the brain with weak pulses of electric current.

The child’s nutrition is also important. So, with an unbalanced diet, children’s metabolism is disrupted, which can provoke irritability and moodiness. A growing body requires protein, vitamins and minerals. The diet should contain foods with high level Omega3 fats, which have a beneficial effect on the central nervous system. But it is better to reduce the amount of sweets and carbohydrates. It is better to give your child berries and fruits. You can leave a little dark chocolate in your diet.

Psychological correction of the child’s behavior is mandatory during treatment. The psychologist helps the child better understand his actions, and also gives advice to parents on building relationships with such a child and methods of raising and teaching him.

Most children “outgrow” this disease if they have no complications and receive timely treatment. In some cases, ADHD continues into adulthood, especially if timely and adequate assistance is not provided to the child.

You can learn more about the treatment of the syndrome from the video:

Features of communication with such children

Raising a hyperactive child can be difficult. Even with strong love for their child, parents cannot always withstand all his tricks; they often break down and scream. And it happens that they stop raising him altogether, deciding “what he grows up, he grows up.”

It is not uncommon for parents to try to instill strict discipline in such a child, brutally suppressing all his antics and disobedience. The child is punished for the slightest offense. However, such upbringing only aggravates the child's behavior problems. He becomes more withdrawn, insecure, and disobedient.

You should not go too far in relation to children with ADHD, so as not to add new problems to existing disorders.(stuttering, urinary incontinence, etc.). It is necessary to find a different approach to each child with ADHD, taking into account his neurological characteristics.

What should parents, educators and teachers do?

A child with hyperdynamic syndrome requires a lot of parental attention. It is necessary to try to listen to him, help him complete tasks, develop his perseverance and interaction with the outside world. He needs praise and rewards, approval and support, more parental love. Before punishing a child, parents should take into account that he is quite normal in intelligence, but he has problems regulating his motor activity. Therefore, he does not deliberately do what he was forbidden, but simply cannot stop himself.

It is necessary to properly organize your daily routine. Come up with your own rituals. Walk outside more. It is advisable to enroll your child in a sports section. Swimming, gymnastics, running, horse riding, and sports dancing are good options. It is also necessary to set up a sports corner at home so that the child has a place to splash out his energy.

When sending your child to kindergarten, you need to choose the right one in advance, where there are groups with the opportunity to play, children actively move, complete tasks and answer as desired. Talk to the teacher about the baby's special needs.

If a child’s behavior causes a conflict in the kindergarten, then it is better to take him out of there. You can’t blame the baby for it being his fault; say that this group just wasn’t right for him.

Studying at school also has its difficulties. Discuss what a teacher should do so as not to traumatize a hyperactive child and help him adapt in the classroom. When doing homework, you should prepare in advance and avoid distractions. Classes should be short but effective so that the child does not lose attention. IN

It is important to do your homework regularly, at the same time. It is necessary to observe the child and determine the most appropriate time: after meals or after physical activity.
When punishing a hyperactive child, you should not choose those that do not allow him to move: put him in a corner, sit him on a special chair.

Positive qualities of hyperactive children

Despite all the unpleasant behavioral characteristics of children with hyperdynamic syndrome, they also have many positive qualities, the development of which parents should pay special attention to.

• A hyperactive child has creative, creative thinking.

He can come up with a lot of interesting ideas, and if you have enough patience, he can be creative. Such a child is easily distracted, but has a unique view of the world around him.

• Hyperactive children are usually enthusiastic. They are never boring.

They are interested in many things and are, as a rule, bright personalities.

• Such children are energetic and active, but often unpredictable.

If they have a motive, then they do everything faster than ordinary children.

• A child with ADHD is very flexible, resourceful, and can find a way out where others would not notice, and solve a problem in an unusual way.

The intelligence of children with ADHD is not impaired in any way. Very often they have high artistic and intellectual abilities.

Specific ways to communicate and interact with such children are given in the following video:

Psychologists note that if a child has signs of hyperactivity, then they should begin to eliminate them, the sooner the better. This approach helps to avoid difficulties arising from the child’s behavioral disorders, stress and disappointment on the part of his parents and surrounding people, and even the baby himself. Therefore, when a diagnosis of ADHD is established, you should not neglect the help of a specialist doctor and psychologist, so as not to waste time.

Psychologists note that a properly organized daily routine and a favorable family environment helps a child in the treatment of ADHD. In addition, the psychologist’s advice is as follows:

1. Provide your child with a calm, stable, non-irritating environment. This will help reduce the accumulation and release of strong emotions.
2. He must develop the necessary reflexes that will help him strictly adhere to the daily routine. For example, go to bed after mom reads a fairy tale or sings a song.
3. To relieve excess physical activity, it is necessary to organize classes for the child in sports sections.
4. Do not force a hyperactive child to do tedious work for a long time or sit in one place. Periodically allow active activities to release excess energy.

Eliminating problems associated with hyperactivity in children is a completely feasible task. The main thing is to give the child the opportunity to throw out excess energy, to interest him in the learning process, to develop creative abilities, and most importantly to take into account the child’s characteristics when assessing his actions.

Cartoons for the prevention of hyperactivity.

The following cartoons will help your child understand more about his condition; by discussing the plot and characters with your child, you can help him fight this problem.

Here's a list of cartoons:

• "Fidget, Myakish and Netak"
• “Masha is no longer lazy”
• “He’s so absent-minded”
• "Wings, Legs, and Tails"
• "Petya Pyatochkin"
• "Monkeys"
• "Naughty Bear"
• "I don't want to"
• "Octopuses"
• "Naughty Kitten"
• "Fidget"