Okhotny Ryad. Okhotny Ryad metro station
"Okhotny Ryad" is a station on the Sokolnicheskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. Located between the Lubyanka and Lenin Library stations. Located on the territory of the Tverskoy district of Central administrative district Moscow. Okhotny Ryad is the closest metro station to Red Square.
History and origin of the name
The station was opened on May 15, 1935 as part of the first launch section of the Moscow Metro - Sokolniki - Park Kultury with a branch line Okhotny Ryad - Smolenskaya. Until March 1938, there was a fork traffic from the station (in a ratio of 1:1) in the direction of the Lenin Library and Comintern stations (now Alexandrovsky Garden). After the separation of the Arbat radius into an independent line, the tunnel to the “Alexandrovsky Garden” (at that time this station was called “Comintern”, on December 24, 1946 it became “Kalininskaya”) was used for official purposes. During the construction of a shopping center under Manezhnaya Square in the mid-1990s, the tunnel was half filled in (one track, previously used for traffic from the Alexander Garden, was dismantled, the second was preserved). The underground passage to the Teatralnaya station was opened on December 30, 1944; previously the transition was carried out only through the common vestibule. On November 29, 1959, an exit from the station to one of the first underground passages in Moscow (under Okhotny Ryad) was built. On November 7, 1974, the second transition corridor to the Teatralnaya station opened; from that moment on, each of the corridors operates as a transition only in one direction. The station got its name from Okhotny Ryad Street (at that time - Okhotny Ryad Square). The square was named after the shops that were located here in the 18th-19th centuries, where they sold hunters' catch - killed game and poultry. In the 19th century, Okhotny Ryad acquired an exclusively commercial character: trading shops, warehouses, hotels, and taverns were located there. In 1956, the square was transformed into a street, which in 1961-1990 was part of Marx Avenue. On November 25, 1955, the station was renamed the Imeni Kaganovich station: due to the fact that the Moscow metro, which previously bore the name of the Soviet politician, who supervised the construction of the metro, L.M. Kaganovich, received the name of Lenin, the name of Kaganovich was assigned to one of the stations. In 1957, the former party leader was removed from senior government posts, and in the fall of 1957 (it was not possible to establish more precisely) the station was renamed back to Okhotny Ryad. On November 30, 1961, the station was renamed again - to “Marx Avenue” - after Marx Avenue, which arose in the same year, uniting three central streets and named after the founder of communism, Karl Marx. On November 5, 1990, during perestroika, the station was returned to its original name for the second time (this also corresponded to the renaming “on the surface”: Marx Avenue was eliminated, and Okhotny Ryad Street reappeared). Okhotny Ryad is the only station in Moscow that has been renamed four times.
Belonging to the capital's metro. The Lenin Library and Lubyanka station are located nearby. Included in the Tverskoy district. From here you can easily get to Red Square.
How did the name come about?
“Okhotny Ryad” is a metro station that appeared in May 1935. It was part of the first launch site, which belonged to the capital's transport complex. They organized a branch line from this place to Smolenskaya. The fork-type traffic operated here until 1938.
The Okhotny Ryad metro station had a 1:1 balance of vehicles when moving towards the Library named after. Lenin" and "Comintern", which was later renamed "Alexandrovsky Garden". Moving away from Arbat, it is possible to get into a separate line with a tunnel, which is used for official business. The ability to quickly move in such big city receives precisely thanks to the Moscow metro. Okhotny Ryad underwent a number of changes when it was built in the mid-90s of the last century. The tunnel was filled in halfway. One path was dismantled, and the second was left intact. Before that, in 1944, a passage to the Teatralnaya station was opened. Previously, you had to use a large lobby.
During 1959, an underground passage was laid under the Okhotny Ryad metro station, the first in the capital's transport network. In 1974, a second similar structure appeared, leading to Teatralnaya station. Work is carried out in each crossing in a one-way direction.
Old times
During the nineteenth century, only trade was carried out here, goods were left in warehouses. There was an opportunity to stay in a hotel or visit a tavern. When 1956 came, the square that was here was redeveloped into a street, which in the period from 1961 to 1990 was a segment of Marx Avenue.
“Okhotny Ryad” is an area where in 1955 the station was named after Kaganovich. This is due to the fact that it previously bore a name associated with the name of this Soviet politician. He led the process of building the transport complex. Then they paid tribute to Lenin, naming the entire network after him, leaving only one station for Kaganovich.
In 1957, he was removed from his leading government position, and now he enjoyed less honor and respect. Changes took place once again - the station became Prospekt im. Marx." Three large streets of great importance were connected here. When the restructuring processes took place in 1990, the station acquired its original name - Okhotny Ryad metro station. The point had to go through a name change four times, which in itself is unique for Moscow.
Interior decoration
Here you can transfer to Teatralnaya. You need to proceed to the escalator, which is located in the center. You can go through the east lobby, where there is also an exit. There is a transfer hub here, from which you can get to Revolution Square. However, you will not find a direct transition. The stations are located very far away.
The underground part in the west is part of Manezhnaya Square. There is a transition to it. You can go through the shopping center. Chechulin created the project for this building, and the house on the surface was reconstructed. It was torn out during a competition and renamed. The project was designed in such a way that there were exteriors, but over time they were lost. They were created by M. Manizer; a teacher from the circus school, A. Shirai, was used as a model for one sculpture.
Curious details
When they filmed the film “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears,” the authors decided to focus on the time of filming in 1958. During the episode of the train ride, a track wall with the name of the station was filmed. When the film was released in 1979, the point itself changed its name to “Marx Avenue”. This created the effect of transporting the viewer into the past 20 years. The most interesting thing is that the filming itself took place at Novoslobodskaya.
Technical features
The station has a pylon structure and three vaults, and is laid deep. The project was created individually, based on the mountain method. Monolithic concrete was used for the covering. First, the walls were erected, and then the vaults, based on the German design. When the point was built, it was the largest such deeply embedded station. In accordance with the initial plan, they did not want to build a hall in the center, but then radical changes took place.
The style in which the place is decorated
Here you can see structures that resemble columns with many faces; the cladding consists of gray and white marble. Before that it was changed, removing yellow tile from ceramics. The name of the item was written in metal-colored symbols. The background is completely black. The floor was made of gray granite. There are lighting fixtures throughout the hall and near the landing platforms. Previously, there were floor lamps similar to those at Novokuznetskaya.
The convenience of the point lies in the fact that Red Square is easily accessible from here. The Okhotny Ryad metro station is decorated in the east with an image of Marx from a mosaic created by E. Reichzaum.
If we take statistics for March 2002, the passenger flow at the entrance was 97,000 people, and at the exit - 95,000 people. The transport point receives the first people at 5:30 am, the last - at 1:00 am.
Thanks to this location, the transportation needs of many people are met. The work is carried out smoothly and properly.
Sokolnicheskaya line of the Moscow metro.
It was opened on May 15, 1935 as part of the first launch section of the Moscow metro “Sokolniki” - “Park Kultury” with a branch “Okhotny Ryad” - “Smolenskaya”.
Station code: 010.
Transfer to Teatralnaya station.
The station got its name from the street. Okhotny Ryad.
From November 25, 1955 until the fall of 1957 it was called “Name of Kaganovich”, and from November 30, 1961 until November 5, 1990 - “Marx Avenue”.
The eastern ground concourse, common with Teatralnaya station, has access to the city with access to the city at Teatralnaya Square. The western underground vestibule of the station leads to Manezhnaya Square and the underground passage under it; it can also be accessed from the Okhotny Ryad shopping center.
The station is a transfer station to the Teatralnaya station of the Zamoskvoretskaya line. The transition is carried out via escalators located in the center of the hall, as well as through the combined vestibule (eastern). On the same transfer hub The Ploshchad Revolyutsii station also includes, but there is no direct transition between them.
Pylon three-vaulted deep (15 m) station. Built according to individual project mountain method with lining from monolithic concrete. In this case, the walls of the station were first erected, then the vaults were erected on them (the so-called “German method”).
Architects Yu. A. Revkovsky, N. G. Borov and G. S. Zamsky.
Design engineer N. M. Komarov.
The station was built by Mine No. 10-11 of Mosmetrostroy (headed by A. Bobrov), and reconstructed in 1997 by SMU-5 of Mosmetrostroy (headed by M. Arbuzov).
The massive pylons are made in the form of double multifaceted columns, lined with white and gray marble. The lining of the track walls is being replaced from yellowish ceramic glazed tiles to light marble, the name of the station is made in metal letters on a background of black marble. The floor is laid with gray granite. The central hall and landing platforms are illuminated by spherical lamps mounted on the ceiling. In the eastern antechamber there is a mosaic portrait of Karl Marx (by E. Reichzaum, 1964).
Until 1938, there was a fork traffic from the station (in a ratio of 1:1) in the direction of the Lenin Library and Comintern stations (now Alexandrovsky Garden). After the separation of the Arbat radius into an independent line, the tunnel to the “Alexandrovsky Garden” was used for official needs. During the construction of a shopping center near Manezhnaya Square in the mid-1990s. One track, which previously served for movement from the Alexander Garden, was dismantled, the second was preserved.
In the project, the station was called “Okhotnoryadskaya”.
A year after the opening, in 1936, a scene from the film “The Circus” was filmed in the station lobby coub.com/view/x11ah
In 1977-78 The filming of the film “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears” took place on “Marx Avenue”, and the old name was hung especially for the filming of the film, because according to the plot of the film, the action of the film takes place in 1958, when the station was called “Okhotny Ryad” coub.com/view/ x1f3p
Previous station on the Lubyanka line.
The next station on the line is “Lenin Library” [
Okhotny Ryad station
The station was opened to passengers on May 15, 1935 as part of the Sokolnicheskaya metro line. During its existence, the name changed 4 times: Okhotny Ryad (until November 25, 1955), Named after L.M. Kaganovich (until the fall of 1957), Okhotny Ryad (until November 30, 1961) and Marx Avenue (until November 5, 1990).
The station was opened on May 15, 1935 as part of the first launch section of the Moscow Metro - Sokolniki - Park Kultury with a branch line Okhotny Ryad - Smolenskaya.
Until 1938, there was a fork traffic from the station (in a ratio of 1:1) in the direction of the Lenin Library and Comintern stations (now Alexandrovsky Garden). After the separation of the Arbat radius into an independent line, the tunnel to the “Alexandrovsky Garden” (at that time this station was called “Comintern”, on December 24, 1946 it became “Kalininskaya”) was used for official needs. During the construction of a shopping center near Manezhnaya Square in the mid-1990s. the tunnel was half-filled (one track, previously used for traffic from the Alexander Garden, was dismantled, the second was preserved).
The underground passage to the Teatralnaya station was opened only on December 30, 1944; previously the transition was carried out only through the common vestibule.
On November 29, 1959, an exit from the station to one of the first underground passages in Moscow (near Okhotny Ryad) was built.
On November 7, 1974, the second transition corridor to the Teatralnaya station opened; from that moment on, each of the corridors operates as a transition only in one direction.
The station got its name from Okhotny Ryad Street (at that time - Okhotny Ryad Square). The square was named after the shops that were located here in the 18th-19th centuries, where they sold hunters' catch - killed game and poultry. In the 19th century, Okhotny Ryad acquired an exclusively commercial character: trading shops, warehouses, hotels, and taverns were located there. In 1956, the square was transformed into a street, which in 1961-1990 was part of Marx Avenue.
On November 25, 1955, the station was renamed the Imeni Kaganovich station: due to the fact that the Moscow metro, which hitherto bore the name of the Soviet politician who led the construction of the metro, L. M. Kaganovich, received the name of Lenin, the name of Kaganovich was assigned to one of the stations. In 1957, the former party leader was removed from senior government posts, and in the fall of 1957 (it was not possible to establish more precisely) the station was renamed back to Okhotny Ryad. On November 30, 1961, the station was renamed again - to “Marx Avenue” - after the then existing Marx Avenue, named after the founder of communism K. G. Marx. On November 5, 1990, in the wake of the beginning of de-Sovietization, the station was returned to its original name for the second time.
“Okhotny Ryad” is the only station in Moscow that has been renamed 4 times.
The station is a transfer station to the Teatralnaya station of the Zamoskvoretskaya line. The transition is carried out via escalators located in the center of the hall, as well as through the combined vestibule (eastern), which has access to Teatralnaya Square. The Ploshchad Revolyutsii station is also part of the same interchange hub, but there is no direct transition between them.
The western underground vestibule of the station leads to Manezhnaya Square and the underground passage under it; it can also be accessed from the shopping center under Manezhnaya Square.
Okhotny Ryad station is located in the Tverskoy district on the territory of the Central Administrative District of Moscow.
Taking to the city streets:
Okhotny Ryad metro station is the closest metro station to Red Square. It is located on the territory of the Tverskoy district of the capital between the stations of the Sokolnicheskaya line “Lubyanka” and “Biblioteka im. Lenin".
Station history
The Okhotny Ryad station was put into operation as part of the first launch section of the Moscow metro Sokolniki - Park Kultury on May 15, 1935.
Until 1938, the station operated a forklift service to the Komintern (present-day Alexandrovsky Garden) and Lenin Library stations. After the Arbatsky radius began to run on its own line, the branch to the “Alexandrovsky Garden” began to be used only for official needs. In the 90s, a shopping center was built under Manezhnaya Square, during which this tunnel was half filled in.
Until December 30, 1944, the transition to the Teatralnaya station was made through the common vestibule. On the eve of 1945, the underground passage was opened.
On November 29, 1959, an exit from the station to an underground passage was built, by the way, the very first underground passage in Moscow, located under Okhotny Ryad. After another corridor crossing to Teatralnaya was opened on November 7, 1974, both crossings began to work only in one direction.
History of the name
The station is named after Okhotny Ryad Street. In the 18th-19th centuries, Okhotnye Ryady Square was located on the site of today’s street. Hunters' spoils were sold on the square: poultry, game, animal skins. In the 19th century, the square began to serve exclusively commercial functions: hotels, taverns, warehouses and shops were built here. In 1956, the square was converted into a street, which from 1961 to 1990 was part of Karl Marx Avenue.
On November 25, 1955, the Okhotny Ryad metro station was renamed in honor of L. M. Kaganovich. The fact is that Kaganovich took an active part in the construction of the Moscow Metro, which began to bear his name. In 1955, they decided to give the Moscow metro the name of Lenin, and it was necessary to assign at least some station to Kaganovich. But in 1957, Kaganovich was removed from all government positions, and in the fall of 1957 the station was returned to its former name “Okhotny Ryad”.
On November 5, 1990, the original name was returned. “Okhotny Ryad” is the only station of the Moscow metro that has been renamed 4 times in its history.
Description of the station
The main decoration of the station are the pylons, made in the form of multifaceted double columns. The floor is covered with gray granite. The station is illuminated by spherical chandeliers located on the ceiling of the central hall and above the landing platforms.
In the eastern antechamber there is a portrait of Karl Marx, made from mosaic in 1964 by Eugene Reichtsaum.
Specifications
Okhotny Ryad is a three-vaulted pylon station. It is the shallowest deep station of the Moscow metro. The station is located at a depth of 15 meters. It was built using the mining method according to an individual project using monolithic concrete. The construction method is called “German”. Its essence lies in the fact that first the walls of the station are erected, and then vaults are placed on them.
At the time of construction, Okhotny Ryad was the largest station in the world by area. Initially, the construction of the central hall was not even included in the project, which was redone during the construction work.
Lobbies and transfers
The Okhotny Ryad metro station has a transfer to the Teatralnaya station of the Zamoskvoretskaya line. In the central hall of the station there are escalators, along which the transition is carried out. The eastern vestibule of the station is combined with the Teatralnaya station, so the transition can also be made through the vestibule. Despite the fact that one more station, namely “Revolution Square”, is included in the interchange hub, there is no direct transfer between the stations.
The eastern lobby faces Teatralnaya Square.
The western lobby is underground. It has access to Manezhnaya Square. You can get to this lobby directly from the shopping center located under Manezhnaya Square.
Not far from the station there are Bolshaya Dmitrovka, Mokhovaya and Okhotny Ryad streets.
Ground infrastructure
Since the station is located in the very center of Moscow, it is difficult not to find places for shopping here. About 200 different stores are located near the station, not to mention the fact that GUM, Petrovsky Passage and the Okhotny Ryad shopping complex are nearby.
There is no need to talk about museums at all. Here are the Lenin Mausoleum, and the Moscow Art Theater Museum, and the Museum of Archeology, and the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, and the museums of the Bolshoi and Maly Theaters, and a lot of other interesting and educational places.
Not far from the station there are 8 theaters, a huge number of cafes and restaurants, 6 nightclubs where you can try your luck by playing roulette, and a lot of other entertainment that will not let you get bored after you leave the Okhotny Ryad station "to the surface.
For those who are not looking for entertainment, but want to get a higher education, it will be interesting that not far from the metro there are universities such as Moscow State University (Faculty of Psychology), Medical Academy named after. Sechenov, Russian State Humanitarian University, School of Private Law, as well as the Moscow Regency Singing Academy.
Useful facts
The station is open to visitors from 5:30 to 1:00.
One of the scenes of the movie “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears” was filmed at the Okhotny Ryad station. The film was filmed in 1977-78, when the station was called “Marx Avenue”. According to the plot, the action at the station takes place in 1958. At that time the station was still called “Okhotny Ryad”. In order for everything to be authentic, the station was given its previous names during filming. In the episode with the heroine Irina Muravyova, you can clearly see a sign with the name “Okhotny Ryad”.
